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APPROVAL SHEET bold Page number

is shown
This research entitled, “TEACHING QUALITIES AND THE ACADEMIC…,”
prepared and submitted by Kristine A. Lumbre, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the subject Practical Research 2, has been examined and is hereby
endorsed for oral examination, approval and acceptance.
3 single
lines
XE MC KEVIN B. ESPAŇA
Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

bold APPROVED by the Panel of Examiners with a grade of Bold and

underlined
4 single
lines

Elmer Conde, Ph.D.

Chairman
4 single
lines

1.25 Virnalisi C. Mindaña, Ed.D Engr. Raul Gallejos

Member Member 1”

bold ACCEPTED in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject, Practical
Research 2.

8 single
lines

MARLYNE VILLAREAL, MS MARIO ORENDAIN, MS

Track Head Principal II
 All caps
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bold
Page number
ACKNOWLEDGMENT is shown
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This section is a personal account of the researcher extending his/her gratitude

to those who helped him/her in the completion of the study. The people could be

named but the researcher has the freedom to select whom he/she has to include. It is

recommended however to include only those people who actually helped him/her in

the completion of the study.

This section should be limited to not be more than two pages.

1
1.25 A modest citation of the people is enough to give credit to their contributions.

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ABSTRACT

2 lines

TITLE (all caps font 12)

3 lines

NAME OF THE RESEARCHER/S (all caps font 12)

3 lines

This section is a summary of the study and should not be written in bullet form.

This is only one paragraph that will compose of the following: purpose of the study,

research design and respondents, major findings of the study, conclusions and

recommendations.
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All caps
1.25 Page number
Bold
is shown

TABLE OF CONTENTS Full dots

Page bold

Title page …………………………………………………………… i

Approval Sheet …………………………………………………….. ii

Acknowledgment …………………………………………………... iii

Dedication …………………………………………………………... iv

Abstract ……………………………………………………………... v
Roman
numerals
Table of Contents ………………………………………………….. vi

List of Tables ……………………………………………………….. vii

List of Figures ………………………………………………………. viii

List of Appendices …………………………………………………. ix

2 single
lines CHAPTER
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1. THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
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indention
Background of the Study …………….

Review of Related Literature …………

Theoretical Framework ……………..

6 spaces
indention Conceptual Framework …………….

Statement of the Problem ……………

Hypothesis …………………………
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Significance of the Study……………….

Definition of Terms …………………….

2. METHOD

Research Design ………………..

Research Respondents …………….

Research Instrument …………………….

Research Procedure …………………..

Statistical Treatment of the Data …………

3. PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS

Level of Teaching Qualities …………

Level of Academic Performance ……….

Significant Relationship between the Academic Performance

and the Levels of Teaching Qualities ………

4. SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary …………………………………………………..

Conclusions ………………………………………………..

Recommendations ……………………………………….

REFERENCES……………………………………………………

APPENDICES ……………………………………………………

CURRICULUM VITAE …………………………………………..

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1. Respondents of the Study ………………………………..

2. Level of Teaching Qualities in terms of ………………

3 spaces
indention 3. Level of Teaching Qualities in terms of ………………

4. Level of Academic Performance …………………………

All tables used in the study should be listed here. Must be numbered

systematically as they appear from the first page to the last page.
 vii

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure Page

1 Conceptual Framework of the Study ………………

All figures should be listed here. Must be numbered systematically as they

appear from the first page to the last page.

 viii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

A Letter for the ANHS-SHS Principal ……………….

B Letter for the Track Head ……………….

C Content Validity Forms ………………………..

D Sample Survey Questionnaire ………………..

E Sample Calculations and Statistical

Output …………………………………………...

All appendices should be listed here. Use letter systematically as they appear

from the first page to the last page.

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1.25 Page number is
capital
not shown
Bold

Chapter 1 Written in Arabic

All caps bold numeral

THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

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Background of the Study Bold, only the first letter is capital

3 single lines
This should start with the first paragraph detailing the main perspective of the

problem. Context should be supported by authorities, (at least 10 sources or more as

long as it exhaust the study) to establish the trustworthiness of the study. The writer

must persuade the readers that the study will help solve some educational

problems/discover new knowledge or prove existing theories.

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The second paragraph should set the global situations. Major arguments

related to the occurrence of the problems and the solutions employed by various

practitioners in international setting should be presented. The discussion must

illustrate critical analysis of the arguments.

The next succeeding paragraph will be the national and the local scenario to

establish the occurrence of the problem at a national and local level.

The last paragraph must be concluded with the need of the conduct of the study

by presenting the significance of the study (but not considered as to another

subheading).

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Review of Related Literature

3 lines

Thorough research is a requirement to complete this section. This is a critical

analysis of the results of the related studies conducted. Concepts are based on the

variables of the study or as presented in the statement of the problem. To strengthen

this section, argumentation is a key element by elaborating through examples,

comparing and contrasting results of previous studies and giving personal

observation. To avoid plagiarism, researchers must take extra care in citing literatures.

To avoid this, the following must be carefully observed:

1. Paraphrase – state the work of other people using different words and changing

the organization (order of sentences and ideas) of the statement.

2. If original phrasing is unique and cannot be paraphrased, must be italicized or be

enclosed in a quotation mark and references at the end.

There are two ways by which the quotation or idea of other authors can be cited:

1. Information – prominent – the surname of the author with the year of

publication is written at the end of the idea enclosed with a parenthesis.

Example: Literature review is a discussion of previously written studies

(Mindaña, 2010),

2. Author-prominent-emphasis is given to the person who made the proposition

(if the author is well known in the field for this add credibility to the information).

Words that can be used include:

Disputes defines affirms maintains assumes claims

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Argues asserts agrees mentions confirms disagrees

Suggests admits

3. Internet sources (article) must be cited the same as the information from the

books and journals. If it contains the name of an author, the family name and

year format must be used. If it is the name of the organization, year format must

be cited. Citing the web address is not a professional practice in

research.
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Theoretical Framework

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Contains the different theories by which the study is being anchored. Each
theory should be contributory to the development of the conceptual framework.

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Conceptual Framework

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This is the framework of the study showing the interplay of the variables being

investigated. Each variable used is taken from the theories discussed and it must be

operationally defined at this section.

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Statement of the problem

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This is written in interrogative form. It includes only questions which are

mutually inclusive. Questions that are not contributory to the attainment of the

objectives of the study should not be included.

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Almost all research starts with asking the profile of the respondents. If the

variables of the study do not include the profile of the respondents, do not include this

in your research problems.

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Hypothesis

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In some studies, there are more than one hypothesis, it is widely accepted

that the heading is written in singular.

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Page number is not shown

Chapter 2 Bold, written in Arabic numeral, only

the first letter is capital
METHOD All capital, bold

Presented in this chapter is the methodology used to answer the research

questions posed.

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Research Design

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This section presents the research design used in the study. It is discussed

by giving the definition or giving justifications of the selection of the research design.

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Research Respondents/Participants/Subjects

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If the study requires the samples to be under treatment just like experimental
studies, the appropriate term is subject. Respondents if the study requires the samples
to answer a questionnaire. But if the study requires the samples to contribute to
discussion, argument, dialogue and others, the samples are called participants.
The aim of this section is to provide answers to the following: who are the
subjects; why and on what capacity are they selected; and what contributions can they
make toward the achievement of the aims of the study. Table showing the distribution
of the respondents will be included in this section.
Sampling design is also included in this section. The selection of the total
number of respondents must be clearly argued to show that the true samples are the
representative of the population.
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Research Instruments

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If the questionnaire is adopted, the clarity of the language should be considered

as well as the acceptability of the population. The characteristics of the questionnaire
must be validated by experts (minimum of three).
If the questionnaire is researcher-made, the process of development should be
clearly outlined and discussed. The focus of discussion should be reliability and
validity of the instrument.
The process of questionnaire development is outlined as follows:
1. Identify the domains of each variable.
2. Identify the indicators of each domain.
3. Develop test items for each indicator.
4. Pilot test the questionnaire with samples similar to your subject.
5. Analyze the result of the pilot test.
6. Revise the questionnaire based on the result of the pilot test.
7. Re-test the revised questionnaire to determine the reliability index of the
questionnaire.
Al these seven steps must be elaborated in this section. The veracity of research
findings depends on how valid and reliable the instruments are.

3 single lines

Research Procedure

3 single lines

This part outlines the step by step process of gathering data needed. The
permit from proper authorities was granted and the assessment (testing, retrieval,
recording of the questionnaire) was conducted.
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Statistical Tool

3 lines

Statistical tool/s used in this study should be discussed in this section.

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Chapter 3
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS

Results and findings of the study will be presented in this section. Presentation
of the findings follow the statement of the problems. The first subheading must answer
question number 1 and so on.

3 lines

Table Format
An introduction must be written in the first paragraph introducing the variable

to be discussed.

The title of the table must be written above the table and it must be properly

labeled as to what table number it is (center). The discussion text of the table follows

two lines below the table.

For every data presented, structure the arguments by identifying the trends

from the data, support them by literature, compare, contrast, elaborate, give evidence

and propose implications of the data.

The indicators in the table should be stated using first person pronoun,

however, in the table for discussion, nominalization of the items is required.

Example: (questionnaire) I treat other people as being worthy of my trust and

confidence.

Presented in the discussion: Treating other people worthy of the trust and confidence.
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Note: Researcher should keep in mind that the discussion should persuade the

readers to believe the credibility of the study.

General Guidelines in reporting statistical results

1. Report the results of the data analysis used to test a hypothesis.

2. Report should be in condensed format.

3. Statistical report should relate directly to a hypothesis

4. Restate the hypothesis, then state whether your results supported it, then give the

data and statistics that allowed you to draw this conclusion.

5. In reporting the results of statistical tests, report the descriptive statistics, such as

means and standard deviations, as well as the test statistics, degrees of freedom,

obtained value of the test, and the probability of the result occurring by chance (p

value, should be rounded to two decimal places).

6. All statistical symbols that are not Greek letters should be italicized (M, SD, t, p,

etc.)

7. When reporting a significant difference between two conditions, indicate the

direction of this difference, i.e. which condition was more/less/higher/lower than

the other conditions). Assume that your audience has a professional knowledge of

statistics. Don’t explain how or why you used a certain test unless it is unusual.

Guide in interpreting the results:

Descriptive Statistics

Mean and Standard Deviation are most clearly presented in parentheses:

The sample as a whole was relatively young (M=19.22, SD=3.45).
The average age of students was 19.22 years (SD=3.45).
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Percentages are also most clearly displayed in parentheses with no decimal

places:

Nearly half (49%) of the sample was enrolled in the program.

Correlations

Correlations are reported with the degrees of freedom (which are N-2) in

parentheses and the significance level:

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Chapter 4

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions and

recommendations from the implications of the data by the researcher.

Summary

Summary should be presented here in numbered format that corresponds to

the problems statements. Only the major trends that directly answer the research

problems should be included and no further discussion of the summary is needed.

Findings of the Study

Results of the study are written here according to the problem statements

presented in the summary.

Findings
…

Conclusions

Not all problems would require conclusions and they are based from the

implications of the data. It should be presented in numbered format.

Recommendations

This is based primarily on the significance of the study. Each item can have

more than 1 recommendation as long as it fits the significance of the study. This must

be written as follows:

1. It must address the need of the respondents.

2. Help improve the institution or the location of the study.

3. Recommendations for future studies.

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REFERENCES

All references must be written in alphabetical order. Regardless of types and

source must be written as one. Bibliographical entries from internet, books and

journals are also incorporated in this section.

Example:

Adams (2009). Climate-The Emotional One that Is. Retrieved October 20, 2009 from
http://www.gordontraining.com/Climate_The_Emotional_One_That_Is.html Black Ink
No underline
Charles, C.M, and Senter, G.W. (2005). Elementary Classroom Management. New
York: Holt, Hinehart and Winstin, Inc.
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All caps, bold,
Written on the leftmost

CURRICULUM VITAE

VIRNALISI C. MINDAÑA
Block 10 Lot 7 Emily Homes, Passport size scanned photo
Libertad, Butuan City
vmindaña@gmail.com
09406287910

Summary of Qualifications

Personal Details (name, gender, age, birth date/place, parents name (note: use

mother’s maiden name)

Educational Background

Work Experiences

Seminars Attended
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AGUSAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Butuan City, Agusan Del Norte

RESEARCH MANUAL

By:

VIRNALISI CABRERA- MINDAÑA, Ed. D

October 2018
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PREFACE

Writing a research is a partial requirement in the fulfillment of a subject

Practical Research. It is for this reason that the author had come up with this
research manual, so that the researchers will be guided on the desired format
required by ANHS.
The contents of this are properly explained and simplified in a manner where
a new researcher may find it understandable and easy to follow.

VM
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TEACHING QUALITIES AND THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

GRADE 12 STUDENTS IN AGUSAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty

of AGUSAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Senior High School Department
Butuan City, Philippines

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Subject

Practical Research 2

VIRNALISI C. MINDAÑA

October 2018