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Effect of speed frame drafting systems on quality of ring yarn

Article · October 2016

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 International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes ISSN 2395-3578
Vol. 2, Issue 4
October 2016

Effect of speed frame drafting systems on quality of ring yarn

Mr. Vijay D. Chaudhari1, Ajay Chaudhary2, Vijay S. Shivankar3
1,3. Centre for Textile Functions MPSTME, SVKM’s NMIMS, Shirpur, Dhule, Maharashtra, India, 425405.
2. Quality Officer, Maral Overseas ltd, Maral Sarovar Khalbujurg Dist Khargone 451660 (MP) India

ABSTRACT
The speed frame drafting has a major influence on the roving and yarn quality. The basic purpose of this study
was to determine the speed frame drafting system for fine compact yarn yarns by using short fiber quality. For
this study Combed cotton was used to produce fine counts, i.e. Ne 60 compact yarns, spun on LFS 6/AXL Ring
frame. It has been observed that 3 over 3 drafting system gives far better result in comparison with 4 over 4
drafting system for the present processing material and with running machine parameters. It showed that the single
yarn strength (Rkm value) and CSP of ring and autoconer yarn was higher for 3 over 3 drafting system.
Imperfection (Thin, Thick & Neps) are decreased for 3 over 3 drafting system. The classimate results shows
improved value with 3 over 3 drafting system, as short thick and short thin places are comparatively very low,
long thin places are also low for 3 over 3 drafting system in comparison with 4 over 4 drafting system.
Key words: Speed frame, draft, drafting systems, imperfection, classimate faults etc.

INTRODUCTION
It has been observed that drafting setting of speed frame machine playing vital role in controlling the ring yarn
quality. Although4 the todays new technology ring frame are capable enough in handling for higher draft speed
frame material for coarser hank without disturbing the better quality. Which ultimately contributing to increase in
speed frame productivity, and required investment cost will be lower because of the number speed machine
utilization will get reduced. The earlier study1 carried out for optimizing quality of ring yarn concluded that for
the production of good quality yarn, the 4 over 4 speed frame should be considered with maintaining front zone
as a condensing zone without a draft. While with 4 over 4 drafting system, the total draft should be set up to 13,
and in the case of 3 over 3 drafting system, the draft should be more than 11. It has been observed from some of
the study that roving thickness and roving hairiness (yarn hairiness) can be less with 4 over 4 drafting system, as
the fully drafted material is condensed in the front zone. The stickiness for cotton fiber or static charge in case of
synthetic fiber is high the probable lapping tendency will be high for second top or bottom roller, but for front
roller, the twist is penetrating up to the nip, lapping tendency will be very less. The stickiness, honey dew in the
cotton fiber and the static charge in the synthetic fibers is less for 4 over 4 drafting system with front zone as a
condensing zone will give better results up to 51 mm fiber, provided better humidity conditions. It has been
observed3 that 3 over 3 drafting seems to be better for fiber longer than 51 mm length and 30 or 32 mm bottom
roller diameter preferred with this system. The feed hank2 is generally depend on the total draft of speed frame. If
the delivery hank is coarser and delivery speed is very high, the break draft setting need to be widened for
processing of 51 mm synthetic fibers. Break draft and break draft setting does not depends only on twist multiplier
and fiber properties but also on the total production. If the total production is very high with low break draft and
closer setting, roving breaks due to undrafted strand will increase. Abnormal break draft setting increases the
problem in the processing. For synthetic fiber the draw frame coiling setting is very important, sometimes the
kinks are observed in the draw frame sliver, these has to remove before entering in to the draft zone. Higher the
delivery speed more will be the chance for kink formation in the sliver. If kinks are observed during processing
of synthetic fibers, better to use a rod between top arm and first creel roll in the creel zone, the silver needs to take
90 degree bend before entering in to the top arm which helps to remove the kinks in the sliver.

MATERIAL AND METHOD

The present study investigated the effect of drafting system on quality of yarn, the speed frame machine LSF 1660
V was used for the study. Combed cotton was used to produce counts, i.e. Ne 60 compact yarns, spun on LF
6/AXL Ring frame.
Following are the fiber parameters used for the study
Table 1: Cotton parameter

Length 28.38
Mic 3.46
Maturity 0.83
Uniformity 82.99
Elongation 4.71
Yellowness 9.57

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 International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes ISSN 2395-3578
Vol. 2, Issue 4
October 2016

Strength 30.49
Reflectance 78.54
SFI 5.77

Experiment was conducted on LFS 1660 V with 3 over 3 drafting and 4 over 4 drafting system. Silver was
processed through LMW card LC 300-A V3, then draw frame LD/O 6, Unilap LH 10 and comber LK 54 and
finally draw frame LRSB 851 with auto leveling. Then the single drawn sliver passed through speed frame LFS
1660 V to LMW LF 6/AXL compact spinning frame operating at 14500 rpm spindle speed. After spinning the
ring bobbin were wound on cone at Murata 21 C linkconer.

Result and Discussion:

1) Effect of speed frame drafting system on strength (lb), Rkm, CV% and elongation (Ring yarn)

Fig. 1: Rkm, strength and elongation % of ring yarn

Inference:
The figure 1 shows that the strength is increased by 3.67 %, RKM increased by 1.5 %, CV decreased by 20.66 %
and elongation is slightly increases in 3 over 3 speed frame drafting system
Present investigation summarizes that 3 over 3 roller drafting system on speed frame gives optimum draft and
break draft to the material. Which leads to increase in RKM value and reduces CV %. While in case of 4 over 4
drafting setting on speed frame the present processed material contribute more in quality characteristics. Hence 4
over 4 drafting setting gives insufficient draft, responsible for more variation due to improper draft distribution in
the material, which leads to increase variation like CSP, RKM, and IPI results.
Table 2: Single yarn strength for ring and Autoconer yarn
Ring Yarn Ring Yarn Auto Coner yarn Auto Coner yarn
Drafting System 3 over 3 4 over 4 3 over 3 4 over 4
RKM 17.55 17.21 18.25 18.16
CV% 9.25 9.6 9.14 7.2
Elongation 5.11 5.51 5.29 5.85
CV% 9.99 9.31 11.14 8.21

2) Effect of speed frame drafting system on strength (lbs.), Rkm, CV% and elongation (Autoconer yarn)

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 International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes ISSN 2395-3578
Vol. 2, Issue 4
October 2016

50 46.7
45.2 Chart Title
45
40
35
30
25
18.25
18.16
20
15
10 5.85
5.29
3.34.1
5
0
stength rkm
3 over 3 cv%4 over
Elong.
4

Fig.2: Rkm, strength and elongation % of Autoconer yarn

Inference:
It has been observed that the Rkm and elongation % values increases for autoconer yarn in comparison with ring
yarn may be because of the removal objectionable faults in the autoconer. The better results observed for strength,
RKM, CV%, and Elongation with 3 over 3 speed frame drafting system than the 4 over 4 drafting setting, may
be due to more distance in between front pair of drafting rolls and back pair of bottom rolls. Hence it can be
concluded that break draft and main draft rollers setting influences the yarn quality
3) Impact of speed frame drafting system on CSP and IPI (ring yarn)

Fig.3: Impact of speed frame drafting system on CSP and IPI (ring yarn)

Inference:
The figure 3 shows that the CSP increased with 2.28 % for 3 over 3 speed frame drafting system and IPI value
decreases by 16%. The CSP value increases and IPI value decreases with 3 over 3 drafting system compared to 4
over 4 drafting system because in 4 over 4 the drafting area is more, so the longer fibers only caught in drafting
assembly while the average number fibers are slip from the drafting and causing variation and ultimately
detorating the quality. While in 3 over 3 drafting area is less so in this drafting short fibre getting more attenuate
and resulting in improved CSP.

4) Impact of speed frame drafting system on CSP and IPI (autoconer yarn)

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 International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes ISSN 2395-3578
Vol. 2, Issue 4
October 2016

Fig.4: Impact of speed frame drafting system on CSP and IPI (autoconer yarn)
Inference:
Present investigation concluded that 3 over 3 roller drafting gives sufficient draft and break draft to the material.
Which leads to increase in RKM value and reduction in U%. While in case of 4 over 4 drafting in speed frame
mechanically requires more gears and trains leads to increase variation into the material. Hence 4 over 4 speed
frame more critical and gives insufficient draft a more variation due to draft distribution in the roller, which leads
to increase variation like CSP, RKM, and IPI results.
Table 3: Yarn CSP for ring and Autoconer.

2869
3000 2806 Chart
2775 Title

2500
2181

2000

1500

1000

500

0
IPI 3 CSP
0VER 3 4 OVER 4

Ring Yarn Ring Yarn Auto Coner yarn Auto Coner yarn
Drafting System 3 over 3 4 over 4 3 over 3 4 over 4
Actual count 59.70 60.63 59.85 59.21
CV% 1.19 1.50 1.19 2.18
Strength 48.0 46.3 46.7 45.20
Strength CV% 4.07 3.60 5.91 4.46
CSP 2869 2795 2869 2775

It has been observed from the table that total imperfection values increases for 4 over 4 drafting system in
comparison with 3 over 3 drafting system for both ring and autoconer yarn, this may be due to the insufficient
drafting of the material with 4 over 4 drafting setting.
Table 4: USTER 5 results for ring and Autoconer yarn.
Ring Yarn Ring Yarn Auto Coner yarn Auto Coner yarn
Drafting System 3 over 3 4 over 4 3 over 3 4 over 4
-40 % Thin 294.4 490.3 384 447.5

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 International Journal on Textile Engineering and Processes ISSN 2395-3578
Vol. 2, Issue 4
October 2016

+35 % Thick 653.8 781.3 797.5 821.5

+140 % Neps 643.1 624.8 1004 891.5
-50 % Thin 16.6 45.9 18.5 36.5
+50 % Thick 88.4 108.4 128.5 114
+200 % Neps 130.6 138.4 176.5 180.5
5) Effect speed frame drafting setting on yarn Classimate faults
It is observed from table 5 that 3 over 3 drafting system improves the Classimate results than 4 over 4 drafting
system. The short thick and short thin places are increased more in 4 over 4 drafting system, while long thin
places observed more for 4 over 4 drafting system. This is probably happed mainly because of the inefficient
opening and insufficient attenuation of the fibers at drafting zone for 4 over 4 drafting system.
Table 5: Classimate results
3 over 3 4 over 4
7th CLASS 0 0
8th CLASS 0 0.00
4th CLASS 3 6.0
5th CLASS 1198 1533.0
16th CLASS 1201 1539
Long thick (E+F+G) 17.1 11
Long thin(H1+H2+I1+I2) 28.1 54

Conclusion:
In this research study, two different speed frame drafting system used i.e. 3 over 3 and 4 over 4, we found that the
3 over 3 speed frame drafting system produced better results for 60 CW ROCOS with given fiber length.(28mm).
With 3 over 3 drafting system CSP, RKM, and IPI result in ring as well as autoconer yarn shows better results.
With 4 over 4 drafting system Classimate faults of long thick seems to be better, but all other faults shows on
better side with 3 over 3 drafting system, while there was no adverse effect observed for yarn breakage study.

References
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