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The difference between plastic limit (PL) and the liquid limit (LL) defined as plastic index (PI).
PI = LL – PL
The plasticity index indicates the plasticity of the soil. Greater the plasticity index, greater will be the
plasticity of the soil. Clay soils possessing high value of liquid limit and plasticity index are referred as
highly plastic and those with low values describes as low plastics.
Moisture content
Moisture content measurement is prevailing used for performing weight-volume calculations soil.
Moisture content is also a measure of the shrink-swell and strength characteristics of cohesive soils.
The mass of given volume of moist soil is the sum of the mass of soil solid,Ms and the mass of water in
the soil ,Mw. Moisture content W ,is defined as ratio of mass of moisture to the mass of dry solids.
W = Mw/Ms*100
Testing procedure
The moisture content calculations are based on three measurements according to the ASTM standards
(ASTM D2216-10).
The moist soil was placed in an oven-safe container and dried for 24 hours in a drying oven at 110 C .The
soil-filled container was weighted before and after drying to obtain M1 and M2, respectively, and W is
calculated as :
W= M1 – M2/M2-Mc *100
=mass /volume=m/v
= weight/volume=w/v
Testing procedure
The rock samples were weighted with the help of weight balance. The breaker was filled with distilled
water and noted the level of water .The sample was submerged in the beaker and noted the level of
water. Difference between the levels of water gave the volume of sample. Now, the mass of sample
divided by its volume .This was the density of the sample.
Unit weight is calculated by multiplying density with the volume of gravitational acceleration (g).