*Waveguides- above 3GHz

LOOKS FAMILIAR HA…..

*kinescope (CRT)

*LED- ‘non-coherent light source’

*Path loss- ‘downlink attenuation’

*Studio-to-transmitter power- 15Watts

ISDN
*Amplitude shift keying- on/off keying
BRI= 2B+D= 192 kbps
*Kever
PRI= 23B+D= 1.544 Mbps
*Stager
PRI= 30B +D= 2.048 Mbps
*The batteries used for secondary power of
48 kbps  overload bits satellite when there is eclipse- NiCad

*flag bits- status bits
*teletypewriter- has 7 bits
- 5 of which are called “intelligent
bits”
*Nicad Cell- used for emergency during eclipse
period
*VOIP
- (reseller) 1M performance band
-(service provider) 5M performance band
*Emergency frequency -121.5 MHz
*Image- orthicon; to reduce weight
GSM Modulation- GMSK
*Bad language- bad filter
*900 THz- Fiber optics bandwidth
*The disadvantage of using two way paging
system to one way paging system- Two way
paging system is expensive
*A station blackout not more than 10 mins
transmission- R1
*The station blackout time ranging 10mins- R2
*Station blackout an hour- R3
*Station blackout ranges more than two hours-
R5
*PAL TV System has field frequency of- 50Hz
*Maximum distance repeaters(between
repeaters)-40Km
*The color oscillator doesn’t function, the problem
is no color
*What is the name jet thruster that is used finally
for its orbit?- apogee kick-motor

*(ISDN) related to 2B+D *Pink noise is analogous to- flicker noise

*AM inside Metro Manila- 50KW *The colloquial term Ethernet is ___?-
cheapernet
*AM outside Metro Manila- 10KW
*Who invented the telephone?- Antonio Mencci
*Channels 2-6- 350KW
*Flicker noise range of wire wound resistor- 0.02
*Channels 7-13- 1000KW to 0.2
*ITFS- schools, universities, colleges *Flicker noise of a thin film resistor- 0.05-0.5
*500KHz- frequency spacing of 2 channels if *Loudness in dB value is equal to power level
they are in the same area in?-40
*Klystron- 3-30GHz *The demodulation of a receiver occurs in?-
mixer
*TWT(more larger bandwidth than klystron)-
8GHz

1
*The disadvantage of FM, FDM that it has always
a__?- AFC
*The characteristic impedance of a dipole
antenna is?- 73�
* of the center of a folded dipole- 300�
*The class B FM has a radiated power of ___?-
30KW
*The nominal height of as antenna to an average
terrain- 500ft
*A fiber optic cable used for high speed data rate-
single mode step index
*Why rhombic antenna is mostly used other than
all antennas- it is cheaper
*An antenna that float on water- buoy antenna
*the heat of fusion of water is equal to- 360KJ
*The latent heat of water is- 359J
*Thermal expansion of copper- 0.00393
*The simplest crystal defect- line defect
*Main disadvantage of TWT over klystron- wider
bandwidth
*The frequency range of klystron- 300-3Ghz
*The frequency range of TWT’s- 3-8GHz
*The maximum range of infrared in fiber optics-
7000-12000
*The frequency range of fiber optic-
Hz
*Psophometer operates in frequency of- 800Hz
*LORAN C is operating at- LF
*What is a fishing rod?- short pole where the
microphone placed
*What kind of filter eliminates ‘bad language’ in
broadcasting?- bad filter
*R. A. 9292 was approved on?- April 17, 2004
*First law of communications- Radio Act of 1910
*The emergency distress of mobile- 500KHz
*Beverage antenna is also known- wave antenna
2
*In order to neutralize a transmitting antenna
use- wavetraps
*The evolution of microwave lines to transmission
lines- stripline
*What is bipolar violation?- two binary levels
with same polarity
*In fiber optics, two light sources commonly uses
___ & ___?- LED’s and LASER diodes
*10BaseT Ethernet is restricted only at maximum
distance at __m?- 100m
*What type of fiber optics has the lowest loss?-
glass fiber optics
*The disadvantage of using glass fiber optics
is__?- brittleness
*The maximum obstruction of the thumbrule is
equal to__?- 40%
*The planned enhanced version of Bluetooth-
Lisbon
*The next version of Bluetooth after Lisbon-
Seattle
*A device which measures virtual …
ionosphere?- ionosphere
*The effective height of an antenna to its actual
height- ½ to 2/3
*The critical frequency of E layer is- 4MHz
*Another name for parity checker- VRC
*Hamming bits is used to correct only one in a
single transmission of information
*Used to calculate the overall noise factor of a
receiver, which is turn composed of a number of
stages- Frii’s Formula
*In klystron, the part whose function is to
transfer- catcher
*The most widely used microphone in air traffic
control- dynamic microphone
*Microphone types have high - crystal,
electric and condenser
*Microphone types have low - carbon, ribbon,
& button
*A type of microphone when exposd to 52 deg
Celsius- dynamic microphone
*Bluetooth is also known as IEEE 802. 15
*Sputnik1 was launched in 1957
*Which of the following is not using TDMA?- IS-
85
*Which of the following is using CDMA?- IS-95 &
IS-135
*The term Bluetooth was coined- King Harold
Blatand (A Danish king of England)
*The orbital inclination of GLONASS- 64.8 deg
*The bandwidth or separation of cellular phones-
+ 12KHz
*CPE means- Consumer Premises Equipment
*National distress frequency for aircraft-
121.5MHz
*The term sound reduction index is same with-
transmission loss
*PCS, what is the clad of the core?- silicon
plastic
*The oldest semiconductor device used- point
contact diode
*Components of a GPS satellite- Space
segment, code segment…
*In firing jet thrusters, the first satellite fired on its
orbit is the __?- initial payload
*A beam which entirely covers the earth-
Hemispheric beam
*AM broadcasting operates at?- MF (300 to
3MHz)
*The first octave of hearing is 20 to 40 Hz
*If ammeter burs out, for emergency that the
transmitter will set on air. What must be done?-
jumper the terminals
*Where should be placed the CTCSC ac in the
transmitter?- placed before the modulator
*What band of frequencies used in radar
navigation detection and path finding?- L-band
*Buffer amplifier is used as __?- amplification
and isolation
COMMS
3
*Regenerative repeaters- can be used in digital
systems to extend the communication distance
indefinitely.
* The SONNET data standard unites North
American and European digital hierarchies in one
international high-speed fiber optic data standard
*Solitons- single pulses that can travel through a
medium with no dispersions
*IMT stands for International Mobille
Telecommunications and 2000 refers to both to
the approximate implementation date and to the
fact that the proposed system will operate at
about 2000 MHz
*WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)- a set of
de facto standards
*International Mobile Subscriber Identification
(IMSI)- in the GSM system, a telephone no. that
is unique to a given user worldwide
*Short Messaging Service(SMS)- transmission
of brief text messages, such as pages or email,
by cellular radio or PCS
*Smart card- a card with embedded integrated
chip, that can be used for functions such as
storing subscriber information for a PCS system
*Soft handoff- in a cellular or PCS system,
connecting a mobile to two or more base stations
simultaneously
*Subscriber ID Module (SIM)- in the GSM
system, a ‘smart card’ containing all user
information, which is inserted into the phone
before use
*Network Interface Card- a plug-in circuit board
for a computer that contains the necessary
hardware and firmware to connect the computer
to a local area network
*hand end- central cable starting point toward
the customer
*NIC may start sending random data called
jabber
*Twinax cable- is a special cable that consists of
2 parallel wires with a grounded shield around
them
*10Base5- ‘thick Ethernet’ (coax)
-5 refers to the length of the cable which is
500m
*10Base2- ‘thin Ethernet’ (coax)
*Unshielded twisted pair- 10Mbps and 100Mbps
*Coaxial cable- 10Mbps version of Ethernet
*CSMA/CD- listening period (9.6 microsec)
*Vertical Redundancy Check(VRC)- is also
called parity bit
*Blank and burst signaling- in cellular
communication, interrupting the voice channel to
send control information
*Flat network- a switching network that does not
use a hierarchical structure but instead relies on
a computer to find the most direct route between
two points.
*POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service)- ordinary
telephone call
*On Hook- -48Vdc
*Off Hook- +48Vdc
*Ring back signal- while the called telephone is
ringing, the central office switch sends a pulsed
ac voltage
*Ring back voltage- 440 & 480Hz
*Trunk lines- the central offices themselves are
connected together so that any subscriber can
contact any other subscriber within a local calling
area
*Vocoder- circuit for digitizing voice at a low data
rate by using knowledge of the way in which
voice sounds are produced
*Coded Digital Verification Color Code
(CDVC)- provides essentially the same
information as the supervisory audio tone (SAT)
in AMPS.
*Surface-acoustic-wave(SAW) filter- a filter that
uses acoustic waves on the surface of a
substrate to archive the desired response
*Shape factor- for a bandpass filter, the ratio
between the bandwidths for two specified
amounts of attenuation
*CB frequency range from 26.965 to
27.405MHz
*Gimmick- a small length of wire
*Dolby AC-3- for the MP3 audio
4
-North American digital television
substitutes a competing digital audio
compression system
*Blank and Burst signaling- 100ms
*Capture Range- the total frequency range over
which a PLL can became locked to a signal
*Frequency synthesizer- a device that can
produce a large no. of output frequencies from a
smaller no. of fixed frequency oscillators
*Electronic Serial Number(ESN)- which is a
unique 32-bit number assigned to the phone at
the factory
*ERP(effective radiated power)- with respect to
a half-wave dipole are as follows:
1. Class I(mobile)- +6dBW(4W)
2. Class II(transportable)- +2dBW (1-6W)
3. Class III(portable)- -2dBW (600mW)
KLYSTRON
*Buncher- the input signal is applied to the cavity
closest to the cathode
*Catcher- the output signal is takenfrom the
cavity closest to the collector
*Head-end- the origination point for the signals
*Ultor- the main accelerating element in a CRT
*Purity- in a color CRT, the adjustment of the
three electron beams so that each land on
phosphor dots of the appropriate color
*Convergence- alignment of the three electron
beams in a color CRT so that each land on the
same triad of color phosphor dots
*Black Porch- the portion of the horizontal
blanking pulse after the sync pulse
*Front Porch- the portion of the horizontal
blanking pulse before the sync pulse
*Utilization Factor- the proportion of scanning
lines in a video system that, on average, can be
used in determining vertical resolution
*Peak white- the maximum luminance level
*Electronic Serial Number(ESN)- a unique 32-
bit no. assigned to the phone at the factory
*System Identification Number(SID)- enables
the mobile phone to determine whether it is
communicating with its home system or roaming
*CATV- the standard impedance for cable used
in CATV system is 75�
*Gateway- a device used to connect computer or
computer networks running incompatible
operating systems
*World Wide Web (WWW)- a system that allows
users to access documents from widely
separated sources on the internet using a
common interface
*Router- a device used to interconnect networks;
routers operate at level three, the network layer
of OSI protocol model and can change packets
from one protocol to another
*The human hearing can range from 20-20K
*60dB- the loudness level of mode rate
*Bluetooth maximum distance: 10meters
*Iridium (leosat) height: 480miles
*GPS (navstar)- MEO
*Typical frequency for FM luminance signal in
VCR: 3.5MHz
*Horizontal scanning time for 1pixel: 0. 125
microsec
*Time duration for 1 horizontal trace in a TV
receiver: 52 microsec
*Demodulation of the sound signal in a TV
receiver is accompanied by the__? –
discriminator
*2 emission of designation of TV: F3F and C3F
*Frequency not used in TV- 108-114MHz
*Which stages in broadcast transmitter are
normally classC? –Modulated amplifier
*Only layer exist at night- Layer F2
*C-band satellite channel 4 downlink- 6065 Mhz
*Lowest layer of the ionosphere used for HF- C
*Data transfer uses handshaking principle-
Synchronous Data Transfer
5
*Typical PBX configuration- star topology
*Layer task with the end-to-end accountability
through a network- transport
*Type of antenna array consisting of a linear
arrangement of a simple diode’s 90 deg out of
phase have a radiation pattern of maximum
directivity in the plane of the array- end-fire
array
* Manages traffic on the link- data link
*Layer that accepts and structures the messages
for the application- presentation
*A word in telegraphy consists ___ characters
plus a word space- 7 and ½
*A microwave antenna formed from a circuit
waveguide- conical horn antenna
*Which OSI model has inter-host communication-
session layer
*CCITT V.26 modem has a modulation rate of
______? 1200bands
*Range of frequencies used for fiber optic
system is?- 100-1000THz
*Fiber Optics- N.S. Kapany
*One of these is not an advantage of ILD’s over
LED’s- more temperature dependent
*Present only in daytime- D-layer
*Frequency band used with submaries- ELF
*Ribbon microphone is an example of ___?
Pressure-gradient
*Wi-Fi- 11Mbps
*IEEE 802.15.4- Zigbee
*Code 39(bar code)- discrete code
*In fiber optics, the main disadvantage of plastic
over glass fiber is? High attenuation
*Among the following materials used by acoustic
engineers, which has the highest absorption
coefficient for sound waves? Celotex
*In telephony, the cable used for customer loop in
telephone exchanges which has a round trip loop
resistance of 170�/100 mile is? –AWG no.22
*Typical margin of safety used in preparing the
power budget for the fiber optic system- 5-10dB
*In radio communication, what do you call the
point on a line between the earth’s center than
the point?- Nadir
*In FDM, with an L600 master, what is the carrier
frequency of super group 10?- 3100
*An MPEG-4 based video compression
technology uses a radio format known as__? –
Divx
*Reverberation time, time taken … ans.one
millionth
*The modulation system employed by the
European Cordless Telephone –GFSK
*The speech coding rate of GSM cellular mobile
system is?- 13kbps
*Henry loading as defined in the Philippine
Electronics Code refer to the loading taken as the
resultant stress due to wind and dead weight for
___ km per hour wind velocity. Ans.245
*The term used for rf radiation damage to cells of
reproductive tissues. –Genetic
*Classical Ethernet System- Bus
*The cable mostly used by the 10 and 100Mbps
Ethernet installation is the ___ cable. ans. ISTP
*The protocol that uses the checksum method of
error detection is the ___ protocol. Ans.
XMODEM
*High definition television picture contains about
___ times as much info as the present NTSC TV.
Ans. 5
*The weak horizontal amplifier in a color TV
receiver can cause ___. Ans. Insufficient width
of the picture
*Which of the following is the biggest
disadvantage of PCM systems? –the large
bandwith required
*Unit used to measure dosage of x-radiation from
x-ray is ___? ans. Roentgen per hour
*Most reliable scheme for error detection –CRC
*Type of PCM modulation that uses a single bit
PCM code to achieve digital transmission of
analog signals. –Delta Modulation
*Advantage of digital over analog transmission. –
Noise immunity
6
*Audible sound that can be detected by human
ear are in the range ___. 16Hz- 16KHz
*In PCM, the ___ periodically samples the analog
input and convert those samples to a multi level
PAM signal. Ans. Sample and Hold
*Antenna assuming having similar size, has
largest gain- Parabolic
*Velocity factor of coaxial cables vary from ___ to
___. Ans. 0.6 to 0.8
*One of the following is not a primary type of
hybrid data used to combine digitally encoded
signals with FDM signal and transmit them as
one composite baseband signal. Ans. DVD
*Brige…-physical and data link
*RF carrier….-LOB
*ISDN encoding technique -2BIQ encoding
*Antenna 10/‫ ג‬long. –elementary doublet
Notch antenna –open-ended slot antenna
*FM polarization –horizontal polarization
*Very slow signal strength antenna –Null
*Which frequency band omni-horizontally
polarized antenna used? –VHF and UHF
*A section which would be complete antenna by
itself. –Bay
*Noise at the receiver –microV
*Reference tone level for dBa. Ans.--85 dBm
*dBrn reference tone level. Ans. -90dBm
*EIA-FIA ans.-85dBm
*G-4 –truck Ethernet
*In PLL demodulating an FM signal –VCO
*Typical PBX configuration –star topology
*Typical SNA topology –Hierarchical topology
*Topology which is relatively immune to
bottleneck –mesh topology
*Used to demodulate a PAM signal –low pass
filter
*Radio telegraphy modulation –FSK
*Noise generated by signals passing through
digital filters while coefficients or other
parameters are being changed in an adapter
manner –Zipper noise
*Method of encoding audio signal used in US
standard 1.544 Mbps 24-channel PCM system. –
μu Law
*The typical light scattering (Rayleigh scattering)
loss at 820nm of light wavelength is ___. Ans.2.5
dB
*Ambiphony, in the context of studio acoustics is
___? Ans. A method of adjusting
reverberation within a studio or concert hall
by means of a loud speaker feedback system

*Total info. Process –throughput
*7 nanocells/ 10 channels/ cell split into 4
minicells ans.336 channels/area
*Most commonly used LNA in satellites
transponder –Tunnel
*Minimum acceptable degree of elevation -5
degrees
*Send or receive –session
*Multi drop network –Polling
*Error control in HF radio radio data transmission
–ARQ
*What is the speed of cellular digital packet data
(CDPD) which is one of the oldest devices for
sending data over a cellular communications
network ans. 19.2 kbps
*The reason why the received signal from a
satellite, stabilized by a comp. pulsed
electromagnet exhibits a fairly rapid pulse fading
effect is because ___. Ans. The satellite is
rotating
*Light loading… ans, 160 kph
*The data signaling channel in a cellular system
that handles the administrative overhead is
known as the ___ channel. Ans. Paging

*Asynchronous data transmission –FSK

*An underwater acoustic pressure sensor –

Hydrophone

*GPRS uplink data rate -14kbps

*The part that rotates to meter out the tape at

constant speed- Capstan

*Transmission of sound from one room thru

common walls, floor or ceilings –flanking
transmission

*Lof books -2 years

*Room where boundaries absorb effectively all

incident sound –Anechoic room

*Resonant acoustic device consisting of air cavity

connected to a larger space by relatively small
opening or neck –Helmholtz resonator

*Structures made of plastic material used to

enclosed the complete antenna assembly to
protect the antenna from the weakness and to
reduce wind and snow loading –Radome

*Also known as Mogul-Delinger fadeout ans.

Sudden ionospheric disturbance

*Beyond the horizon propagation –troposcatter

*Type of laser used for fiber optic comms –

semiconductor lasers
7