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Thesis-ANDROID-BASED HEALTH-CARE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

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 ANDROID-BASED HEALTH-CARE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A Thesis

Submitted by

Anam Habib
Ammara Habib
&
Naila Shams
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

MASTER OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (MCS)

INSTITUTE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

GOMALUNIVERSITY
DERA ISMAIL KHAN, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
DECEMBER, 2015

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, Alhamdulillah, all praises to
Allah for the strengths and His blessing in completing this thesis.

We would like to express our deepest gratitude to our Supervisor, Dr. Zubair Asghar, for
his excellent guidance, caring, patience, and providing us with an excellent atmosphere for doing
our project work. We would like thanks to Director of department Dr.Abdur Rasheed for
providing indispensable advice, information and support on different aspects of our projects and
for his continuous encouragement until this work got completed.

Special thanks to our seniors of M-Phil for their guidance, which helped us in all the time
of project development and their great suggestions helped us to improve a lot. Our sincere
thanks to hostel community for their moral support and giving us the pleasant environment to do
the work. We would like to express thanks to our fellow graduates for their cooperation. They
always encouraged and stood with us throughout the good times and bad.

Last but not least, our deepest gratitude goes to our beloved parents and also to the rest of the
family members for their endless love, prayers and encouragement.

Anam Habib, Ammara Habib and Naila shams.

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 ABSTRACT

The healthcare problems are growing rapidly day by day and people have to spend lot of money
for their daily checkup, because they do not have an easy and free access to their checkup.
Android-based application aims for an easy access and use for providing almost free of cost
facility to users. Therefore, the development of healthcare android-based application is
essentially required. The primary goal of this study is the development of android-based
healthcare application which can assist people to check their health-related issues on daily basis,
which can improve their health. The application was developed in android operating system
environment. A Google product, namely App Inventor tool, which is a Visual block
programming language, is used to develop the system. The results reveal that the system
provides an easy and user-friendly interface for end-users.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITTLE PAGE ................................................................................................................... …………..…1

APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………….………….…………………….2
ACKNOWLEDGMENT........................................................…………………………………………..3
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... ………….…4
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... ...…….…5-7

CHAPTER 1:INTRODUCTION.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..8
1.1 Introduction and Background………………………………………………….…….…...………8
1.2 Research Motivation…………………………………………………………………….………..8
1.3 Research Objective………………………………………………………………......……….….8
1.4 Problem Discussion…………………………………………………….....……… ………........8
1.5 Materials…………………………………………………………………..……...………….…10
1.6 Thesis Breakup………………………………………………………………..………..………11
CHAPTER 2:Existing System………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….….12
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................….……..12
2.2 Web Based ES..............................................................................................................………..12
2.2.1 Blood Calculator ....................................................................... -......................... : ........………..12
2.2.2 Calorie Calculator………………………………………………………………………………..…..12
2.2.3 Target Heart Rate ........................................................................ . ....................... ……………….12
2.2.4 Diabetes…………………………………………………………………………….…………..13
2.3. Android Based ES ………………………………………………………………………….…13
CHAPTER# 3:Proposed System(Front End)………….………………………………………………………………….………………….15
3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... ………………15
3.2 Target heart rate ................................................................................................................................……………..…15
3.2.1 Workout Intensity.............................................................................................................................…………….…16
3.3 Calorie level........................................................................................................................................……………….16
3.3.1 Activity level ......................................................................................................................................……………….17
3.4 Blood volume....................................................................................................................................………….……17
3.5 Diabetes Test type ................................................................................................. ………………18
3.5.1 Fasting blood glucose level ................................................................................... ………………18

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3.5.2 Random blood glucose level. ....................................…………………………………...…..……19
3.5.3 Hemoglobin(HbA1c)………………………………………………………………………………..19
3.5.4 Unit Converter For Blood Glucose……………………………………….………………………..20
CHAPTER# 4:Proposed System (Backend)…………………………………………………………………………………………………21
4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... ……………….21
4.2 Persistent Data..................................................................................................................................………………..21
4.3 What Is Tiny DB? ............................................................................................................................………………..21
4.4 Using Tiny DB ................................................................................................................................………………..21
4.5 The User Interface ............................................................................................................................………………..22
4.5.1 Insertion Of Data In Tiny Db .......................................................................................................………………..22
4.5.2 Deletion Of Data From Tiny Db ......................................................................... ………………22
4.5.3 Checking The Values In Tiny Db ....................................................................... ………………23
CHAPTER# 5: Results.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..24
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... ………………24
5.2 Module#1(Calculating The Target Heart Rate)..........................................................................………………..24
5.3 Module#2(Calculating The Calorie level)………………………………………………………...…….24
5.4 Module#3(Calculating Blood Volume )......................................................................................………………..25
5.5 Module#4(Calculating Blood Glucose).......................................................................................………………..26
5.5.1 Calculating Random Blood Glucose ...........................................................................................………………..26
5.5.2 Calculating Fasting Blood Glucose..............................................................................................………………..26
5.5.3 Calculating HbA1C Test Type .....................................................................................................………………..27
5.5.4 Unit Converter ................................................................................................................................………………..28
CHAPTER6:Tools and Technology…………………………….……………………………………………………………………….…………..29

6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... ……………29

6.2 Goal ....................................................................................................................... ……………29
6.3 Language…………………………………………………………………………………..………....29
6.4 Major libraries…………………………………………………………………………… …… …30
6.5 App inventor software……………………………………………………………………….…….…30
6.6 Tool description……………………………………………………………………………….............30
6.7 App Inventor language Blocks…………………………………………………………………..……31
6.8 Testing Of Android App…………………………………………………………………………..........31

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6.9 Getting the app on your phone…………………………………………………………………………31
6.10 Android Application Package………………………………………………………………….……...32
6.11 Software Development Kit……………………………………………………………………..…..….32
6.12 Requirements Of Tools…………………………………………………………………………..…...32

CHAPTER# 7:Conclusion And Future Work……….………………………………………………………………………….………………..34

7.1 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………………...................34
7.2 Future Work……………………………………………………………………………………………….34
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ …………….25-37
APPENDICES………………………………………………………………………………………………...38-61

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 Chapter no. 1
Introduction

1.1 Background /Context

The Expert System (ES), namely Computer Assisted diagnosis for the red eye (CARDE) was
proposed by [1], which assists the population, especially for the treatment of Red eye disease. By
using ES technology, eye specialist expertise is stored in computer knowledge base. This ES
diagnosis red eye disease and provide treatment of it. It is ruled based ES. It works like an
ophthalmologist and it is not limited to only red eye diseases, but can extend to diagnoseother
diseases.
AWeb-based expert system is proposed by [2] to diagnose red eye disease and to provide
prescription with it. This system typically diagnose diseases of the eye, most commonly
recognizes diseases where red eye is a common symptom. in which red eye is a common
symptom. It is developed with a java language. It has an appealing and simple graphical
interface. We can also diagnose all types of red-eye diseases by amplifying this expert system.
Zubair et al. [3] proposed an ES to diagnose skin diseases. This system can diagnose almost 13
types of skin diseases. This system has an efficient graphical user interface. The system has been
assisting to the skin specialist, medical students of dermatology, and also the patients having
some know-how of acomputer.We can also diagnose all types of skin diseases by amplifying this
expert system.
An automated alarm ringing system is developed and its center of interest is theinteraction
between doctor and patients.Normally, the patients do not remember their timing of themedicine
dosage and they need an alarm system to be aware of theirmedication’s dosage. The description
of medicines, date and time can be set by patients through an alarm. They received the
notification through an email or messages, [4]
There is a persistent disease known as diabetes mellitus increasing globally that is caused due to
relative deficiency of insulin. It produces a huge amount of glucose in blood that results in the
various disease like blindness, renal or cardiovascular. Controlling diabetes properlydecreased
the extremity of disease. High costs have to be paid if we take help in effective diagnosis and

8
treatment of diabetes from doctors. Therefore, android baseddiabetes management healthcare
applications is developed, which helps in diagnosis and treatment of diabetes as well
hypertension, [5]
In the following paragraph, we present a review of some of the latest studies carried out in the
field of computer-assisted healthcare, withthefocus on four issues, namely (i)Blood Volume (ii)
Calorie level (iii) Target heart rate (iv) Diabetes.
A blood disorder named polycythemia Vera happens when there is an increase in the blood cells
commonly red blood cells and this thickness the blood. Its main cause is that it damaged tissues
and organs,[6]When there is a deficiency of blood or fluid supply in a human body then it leads
to the insufficient amount of blood or it is not possible for a heart to pump.This condition is
known as hypovolemic shock.[7]
If the calorie intake is too low then it will lead to several human problems. The main problem,
which the person faces is that the muscle’s mass gets smaller. The low-calorie intakes make you
inactive, impatient, and also happens nutrition deficiency and drop in metabolic rate. Insufficient
calories also effect the functionality of vital organs of the body like brain and lungs. If thecalorie
intake is too large then it will cause stress on the body and there will be a chance of type 2
diabetes, heart diseases and cancer, [8].
If the maximum heart rate exceeds 90% of the normal range (i.e. 50 to 85) then can affect the
body in a way that it sore joints and muscle, which will be dangerous to health and quite risky.
Moreover, also difficult for the heart rate to come back to the normal range again, [9].
The number of people diagnosis with diabetes are increasing gradually worldwide. Diabetes
mellitus is a chronic disease that can cause bodily harm complications. The complications can
affect the heart, blood vessels, nerves, kidneys, eyes and teeth. Whether, you have a type1 and
type2 diabetes you can use the remedies like: Decide healthy foods and check the weight
regularly, do physical activity ona daily basis, take care of your cholesterol or blood pressure and
keep it under control, also take care of your foot and teeth. These remedies can assist the patients
to reduce the problems of diabetes, [10]
There are many systems on the health-related content analysis in the context of opinion mining
and sentiment analysis [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18], however, most of such studies are web-
based and address the user generated contents.

The aforementioned health care systems are either web-based recommendation systems or
intelligent expert systems. Therefore, there is a need to develop an android-based easy to use

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application that can assist the users to monitor their daily basis health-related activities for
keeping them healthy.

1.2 Motivation
As the use of Android mobile phone is drastically increasing and the people have an easy access
to it so from that we found an idea to make an applicationon Android phone that will assist
people in a better way to focus on their health related issues and also to maintain their health on a
regular basis just on an Android phone.
1.3 Objective
Now the basic features for our mobile android application of health care are (1) Input values (2)
data storage (3) Multimedia support (pics, Animation, charts).
We develop a self-help tool in which we integrate multiple applications related to health. Our
application provides four modules and in each module, we ask some inputs like age, height,
weight, gender from users from which the required output is produced. E.g. if the user wants to
check his/her target heart rate(THR) range before doing any exercise he/her could easily get the
upper and the lower limit of THR so that he cannot exceed this limit and will get maximum
benefits from his exercise. Secondly, the calorie level application determines calories of the body
and also provide a chart which contain information about calories in some common foods.
Thirdly the blood volume also gets inputs from the user and provide the output that how much
blood is in the human body. Fourthly and last the diabetes application is the application that
helps the user to check if their blood glucose levels are normal, pre-diabetes or diabetes.
So in short we merge all these modules in one application which is basically the android phone
application i.e. healthcare app
1.4 Problem statement
The proper and timely medical care is one of the major factors for healthy life. Therefore,the
development of the android-based health-care application can assist and facilitates patients to
keep themselves healthy. The existing android applications lack manyimportant features needed
on a daily basis. This is what we address in this work.
1.5 Materials
Window 8.1 Haier laptop
MIT App Inventor 2 Software
Samsung Tablet

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Infinix X551Android Cell Phone
1.6 Thesis breakup
The remaining chapters of the thesis are organized as follows:
Chapter two (12, 14) Existing System, in this chapter we have discussed on the existing system
related to our application.
Chapter three (15, 20) Proposed system (Frontend), describes the development process of our
application
Chapter four (21, 23) Proposed system (Backend), describes the storage part of our application.
Chapter five (24, 28) Results, we present the results that our system generated by including
screen- shots along with their objective.
Chapter Six (29, 33) Tools and technology, which provides the description of the tool we have
used.
Chapter Seven (34) Conclusion and future work, we have given a short description of our
application and the work which we will do in future.

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 Chapter no. 2
Existing System

2.1 Introduction
In this chapter, we have discussedonthe existing system (ES) related to our application.
2.2 Web-based ES
These are the applications that areavailable on different websites and we discuss them below.
2.2.1 Blood calculator
This health tool will take following inputs from user e.g, gender, height and weight to calculate
how much blood is in the human body. The user can give input with two possible measurements
metric or English, but a result is available in liters as in this situation it is the preferable unit. The
amount of blood is the provided according to the inputs, [19]
2.2.2 Calorie Calculator
The Mifflin-St Jeor Equation calculates the Basal Metabolic Rate using following formula,
BMR = 10 * weight(kg) + 6.25 * height (cm) - 5 * age(y) + 5 (man)
BMR = 10 * weight(kg) + 6.25 * height(cm) - 5 * age(y) - 161 (woman)
Calories needed to maintain your weight equal to the BMR value, multiplied by an activity factor, [20]
2.2.3 Target Heart Rate (THR)
This application will allow you to get maximum benefits from your workout and exercise safely
by describing pulse rate (in beats per minute).It also has a target heart rate zone that ranges from
low to vigorous i.e, (50 to 85)% of MaxHeart Rate.
How it works
It works on the formula
206.9-(0.67*age) = Maximum heart rate, (MHR)
MaxHR-Resting heart rate=Heart rate reserve (HRR)
HRR*50%= training range%
Training range %+Resting heart rate=TheLow end oftheTHR zone
Above the formula is used to find the low end of the THR zone.
TheHigh end of theTHR zone:
206.9-(0.67*age)=Maximum heart rate(MHR)
MaxHR-Resting heart rate=Heart rate reserve (HRR)

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HRR*85%=training range%
Training range %+Resting heart rate=High end of THR zone
We can find the high end of thetarget heart rate zone from the above formulas. Max heart rate
and the Resting heart rate are differentiated through HRR. Desired output (THR)is obtained from
the input values age, resting heart rate and intensity level, [21]

2.2.4 Diabetes

There are two types of blood glucose level i.e, Fasting blood glucose level or Random blood
glucose level and the user has to select from one of these. Different ranges are given from where
the user selects his/her blood glucose value, and then a selects unit which is either in mmol/l or
mg/dl.British uses the first unit i.e mmol/l and Americans uses the second unit i.e mg/dl. By
giving inputs, the user gets the desired output, [22]
HbA1c
It is very essential test that detect diabetes and also examineeither diabetic patients condition is
in control. Afterevery 3 to 6 months it is acclaim that a diabetic patient should take on this test,
[23]

2.3 Android Based ES

Fig 2.3. A Blood Volume, [24]

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 Fig 2.4. Body Mass Index, [25]

Fig 2.5. Max Heart Rate & Body Mass Index, [26]
These above-mentioned applications do not have any storage of data so that we cannot make a
record of the values that we have calculated. So that the user cannot make a comparison of his
past and future values in order to maintain his health. As the history of our health-related data is
very important to maintain the health.Also, one of the application BMI (Calorie level) does not
give recommendations about Calorie needs.

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 Chapter no. 3
Proposed System (Front-End)

Fig 3.1. Menu Screen

3.1 Introduction
This is the main screen of the proposed system which consists of the sub-modules. This screen
consists of four buttons. In order to go to the desired module, the user has just to click the button.
When the first button is clicked the user will movetowardsthe heart rate module. Similarly, when
the second button is clicked then thescreen of calorie level module willappearwhenthe third
button is clicked the blood volume module screen will appear and lastly the diabetes module
screen will appear. So this is the short description of our application.
Four sub-module in the application are.
1. Target Heart rate
2. Calorie level
3. Blood volume
4. Diabetes

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3.2 Target Herat Rate
This is the first screen of the first module, i.e. heart rate. It requires different inputs from the user
and also contain a label which provide information about resting heart rate. When the next button
is clicked then it goes to the next screen.

Fig 3.2. Target Heart rate

3.2.1 Workout Intensity

This is the second screen which requires workout intensity from the user. Whenthenext button is
clicked then it goes to the next screen.

Fig 3.3 Workout intensity

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3.3 Calorie Level
This is the second module i.e. .Calorie level. It requires different inputs from the user that are
gender, age, height, weight. It also contains a button when this button is clicked it moves to the
next screen.

Fig 3.4. Calorie level

3.3.1 Activity level

This the screen which asks the user to select the activity level from the list of activities. This
screen also contains a button when the user clicks this button then he moves to the next screen.

Fig 3.5.Activity level

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3.4 Blood Volume
This is the blood volume module. This is the input screen which requires inputs like gender,
height and weight and there is calculate button to calculate the output and its result is displayed
into the next screen.

Fig 3.6. Blood volume

3.5 Diabetes Test type

This is the starting screen of the diabetes app which asksthe user first to choose his test type.

Fig 3.7. Diabetes test type

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3.5.1 Fasting blood glucose
This screen appears when the user selects the test type of fasting blood glucose and then choose the blood
glucose value from required range. Then by clicking on the check result the user gets the required output.

Fig 3.8.Fasting blood glucose

3.5.2. Random blood glucose

This screen appears when the user selectsa test type of Random blood glucose and then choose
the blood glucose value from required range. Then by clicking on the check result the user gets
the required

Fig 3.9. Random blood glucose

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3.5.3 Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
This screen appears when the user selectsatest type of HbA1c and then choose the blood glucose
value from required range. Then by clicking on the check result the user gets the required output.

Fig 3.10 Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

3.5.4 Unit Converter for Blood Glucose
There are two units to measure blood glucose that are
 mg/dl used by the American system.
 mmol/l used by British system.
Purpose: This converter is used to convert mg/dl intommol/l and vice versa.

Fig 3.11 Unit converter

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 Chapter no. 4
Proposed System (Back-End)

4.1 An Introduction
In the backend, we have used the Tiny DB component that is the database provided by the app
inventor.App Inventor allows us to access the database through the use of Tiny DB. Now here we
provide some of the descriptions of a tiny db.
4.2 Persistent data
Facebook, an Amazon, Google and all other sites use databases to store information permanently. Mobile
applications are also using the databases. App inventor provides a database component i.e Tiny DB that
permanently store data on Android device.

4.3 What is tiny dB?

It is a database that provides the user the facility to store data on their tablet and android phones.
Tiny DB is a simple “database” that store data on your phone or tablet. Unlike program variables
that go away when your app is finished running or your phone is reset, values stored in Tiny DB
remain on your phone for use the next time your app is run.
Tiny DB is a non-visible component that store data for an app and the Tiny DB component can
be found in the Palette’s Storage Drawer
4.4 Using Tiny DB
Tiny DB provides a simple way to store and retrieve data efficiently and to store the data in long-
term storage. Tiny DB is based on the concept of a “tag” to identify the stored data and the data
value. Think of a “tag” as like using your name as your identification to look up your address:
Tag value: Martin
Value: 123 Main St, Anytown, the USA
Or
Tag value: Alexa
Value: 321 Other St, Someplace, USA
Tiny DB uses the “tag” (such as Alexa) to quickly locate the corresponding value. Even if you
have 100 names and addresses stored in Tiny DB, Tiny DB can look up the “tag” quickly and

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use the tag to find the corresponding value. We do not need to know how Tiny DB does its look
up so fast – it just does it
4.5 The User interface
4.5.1 Insertion of Data in Tiny DB
This is the Screenshot which shows how the data is inserted in the tiny DB.When the user clicks
submit button then it submitsthe data into the tiny db.

Fig 4.1. Insertion of data in tiny dB

4.5.2 Deletion of data from Tiny DB
This is the screen which shows that data is cleared successfully from the tiny db.I.e. when aclear
button is clicked it removes all the previous data from tiny db.

Fig 4.2 Deletion of data from Tiny DB

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4.5.3 Checking the values in Tiny DB
This is the screen which checks the data in the tiny db. When the check button is clicked then it
moves to another screen where the data is stored and from here, the user checks the values that
he wanted to view.

Fig 4.3. Checking the values in Tiny DB

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 Chapter no. 5
Results
5.1 Introduction
In this chapter, we present the results that our system generated by including screenshots along
with their objective.
5.2 Module # 1(Calculating the Heart rate)
In this screen, we computethe extremepulse rate and thehigherand lesserpulse rate limits. This
screen also provides access to the store, check and clear database.

Fig.5.1. Calculating the Heart rate

5.3 MODULE # 2(Calculating Calorie level)
This is the screen which calculates results for the users. It also contains different buttons, for
database and with these buttons the user can submit, check and clear the database and also two
additional buttons to reset the values of this module or allow the user to go back to the main
screen

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 Fig 5.2. Calculating Calorie level

5.4 MODULE # 3 (Calculating Blood Volume)

This is the screen where the result is displayed. It contains four buttons first three buttons are
used to store, check and clear the values from database and the reset button is used to reset the
values.

Fig 5.3. Calculating blood volume

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5.5 Module # 4(Calculating blood glucose)

5.5.1 Random Blood Glucose

This screen appears when the user selectsthetest type of Random blood glucose and then choose
the blood glucose value from required range. Then by clicking on the check result, he will the
output of the values that he entered.

Fig 5.4. Calculating theRandom blood glucose

5.5.2 Fasting blood Glucose

This screen appears when the user selectsthetest type of Fasting blood glucose and then choose
the blood glucose value from required range. Then by clicking on the check result, he will the
output of the values that he entered.

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 Fig 5.5. Fasting Blood Glucose

5.5.3 HbA1c Test Type

This screen provides the output for the HbA1C Test Type.

Fig 5.6 HbA1C Test Type

27
5.5.4 Unit Converter

This screen gives the required output according to the unit we select.

Fig 5.7Unit Converter

28
 Chapter no. 6
Tools and Technologies
6.1 Introduction
The tool we used is an app inventor and is a great tool for programming android apps. In December 2010,
Google revealed its Google app inventor for making android apps, but in December 2011 google
withdraw its App inventor for an android (AIA) server then MIT begins sprinting App inventor in
March2012.The MIT app inventor site can easily be accessible by anyone requiring a free Google account

Fig.1.1. MIT App Inventor Fig.1.2. Google Account

6.2 Goal
The goal of this tool is that anyone should be able to tinker on their smartphone and can easily develop
their own android apps. Even it promotes beginners, non-programmers to use app inventor for creating
apps. It is easy to use because it eliminates the need to remember and type code we only to drag and drop
the components and function that exists in the drawer we have to just find them.
6.3 Language
App inventor uses java language. It containsdifferent blocks that are joined together like joining the
pieces ofa puzzle.

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6.4 Major libraries
AnApp inventor uses open source java libraries that are used to create programming interface. It
contains different function, events, and procedure.
6.5 App inventor software
App inventor emulator cannot be used if this software is not installed. We first need to install the app
inventor software for the proper working of app aninventor that runs on the browser.
6.6 Tool Description
The app inventor consists of two components the designer viewer where the user can easily
makethedesired design of his/her application. The design viewer also consists of different parts such
asthePalette viewer, component, and properties as shown in Fig 1.3. Each part has its own function the
palette consists of User interface (Buttons, a label, Textbox, a list picker, slider etc.), Layout (Horizontal
arrangement, Vertical arrangement, etc.), Media (Player, a sound, text to speech, camera, video player),
Drawing and animation (Canvas, image sprite etc.),Sensors (Clock, location sensor, a Barcode scanner,
etc.), Social (Email, texting, phone number, etc.), Storage (Tiny DB, TinyWEBDB).The Viewer is the
part where actual designing is done. Components for giving meaningful names. Properties where we can
edit and modify the properties of the selected component.

Fig.1.3. Design view

30
The Second Part is the Block Editor where different blocks are drag fromthedrawer and drop into the
work area i.e. Viewer. The block uses java base language. Here this part tells us the functionality of the
components. Like Design Viewer, the Block Editor hasthree palette (Build-in, My Blocks, and
Advanced).All these three Pallete stores code blocks. When we click a palette then we can see all the
store blocks we can also scroll down to see more blocks.
6.7 App inventor Language Blocks
Block Editor provides build in the blocks. In addition, to these blocks, the components that are used in
the application also have its own set of the code blocks that have its own procedure, events, and functions.
Build-in blocks in block editor are
Control block, logic block, math block, list block, text block, variables block, and procedure blocks.

Fig 1.4. Block Editor

6.8 Testing of Android app

To test the app we need to connect to phone or running the emulator to see how it looks like. App
inventor provides on-screen built-in emulator for the user who doesnot have an android device to check
their application. We can test the application in the phone either with a Wi-Fi or the USB-cable.
6.9 Getting the app on your phone
In order install the app on the phone we first need to download the apk (android application package) on
PC. Then either through USB-cable or Bluetooth we can get this apk file on our android device and we
now we can install this apk on the phone.

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6.10 Android application package (apk)
Android devices use android application package (apk) file format for the installation and distribution of
application software. APK files are similar to the software packages and in order to make apk an android
program first, it will need to compile all of its parts and then package into one file. The apk file contains
all of the program code .The apk file can have any name that ends with .apk extension i.e. Filename
extension is, .Apk
This apk file can be installed in any android device just like we install any software on the computer. In
order to check whether the apk file is fromthe trusted site then the unknown sources are disabled-by-
default in setting themenu in android device. If we download any app from google play then this setting is
not required.

6.11 Software development kit (SDK)

As the name suggests it is the development tool to develop the application for android platform.
6.12 Requirements of Tool
 First java installation is necessary.
 Secondly, to install App inventor software.
 PC and OS
 Macintosh (with Intel processor): Mac OS X 10.5 or higher

32
  Windows: Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7
 GNU/Linux: Ubuntu 8 or higher, Debian 5 or higher
 Browser
 Google Chrome
 Mozilla Firefox
 Microsoft Internet Explore  Apple Safari

33
 Chapter no. 7
Conclusion and Future Work

7.1 Conclusion
The main purpose and focus of developing the healthcare application is to help people to maintain their
health. This healthcare application includes the four modules, namely (i) Target heart rate, (ii) calorie
level, (iii) blood volume, and (iv) diabetes app.
The first moduledescribes the pulse rate (in beats per minute) that allowsthe user to exercise safely while
getting the maximum benefits from your workout. It includes THR zones which range from low to
vigorous i. e (50 to 85) % of MaxHR.The second module is the calorie level, all essential process of our
body, uses this measurement unit of energy. In order to encounter the energy needs of our body the speed
at which the calorie is used alters continually. Throughout different phases of life, it changesfrom
individual to individual. It is used to determine the caloric needs based on the age, weight, and height and
activity level.
The third module is the blood volume, which reflects theamount of the blood in human body.This app
assists in answeringabout how much blood is in the human body, more precisely in your own body
depending on the height and weight.
The fourth module is the diabetes app tells about that when the body does not properly use or store
glucose. Its records, the blood sugar readings and assists users to track their diet properly.
7.2Future Work
In the future, we will integrate more apps to our main application to make it a more sophisticated
auto-help tool and to provide a wide range of facilities to the end user. These apps will include:
(i) Measuring blood pressure and Measuring Weight of the body, (ii)Provide reminders to users
about their medications which help them to take medicine on time. Therefore, through these
reminders,the user can take care of their health, and (iii) Graphs of the output obtained will help
the user to keep track of the changes in diabetes-related readings and to manage their diet and
health in a more effective way.

34
References

[1]Asghar, M. Z., Khan, A. R., & Asghar, M. J. (2009). Computer assisted diagnoses for red eye
(CADRE). Int. J. of Computer Science & Engineering, 1(3), 163-170. Last accessed, 25 Nov
2015
[2].Dr. Muhammad Zubair Asghar and Muhammad Junaid Asghar. "Expert System For Online
Diagnosis of Red-Eye Diseases” International Journal of Computer Science & Emerging
Technologies (IJCSET) 1.2 (2010): 35-39.
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/drzubair/8last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[3]. Dr. Muhammad Zubair Asghar and Muhammad Junaid Asghar. "Diagnosis of Skin Diseases
using Online Expert System “International Journal of Computer Science and Information
Security 9.6 (2011): 323-325.
Available at: http://works.bepress.com/drzubair/9 last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[4]http://www.imedicalapps.com/2011/01/top-free-android-medical-apps-healthcare-
professionals/ Last accessed,25 Nov 2015
[5] https://www.healthcare.gov/apply-and-enroll/get-help-applying/Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[6]https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=diabetes+food+pyramid&rlz=1C1CHWA_enPK643PK
643&espv=2&biw=1517&bih=725&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=
0ahUKEwjpgr7ksYHKAhWOHY4KHcsADcQ_AUIBigB#imgdii=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A%
3BZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A%3BMZeyUzEnfibNxM%3A&imgrc=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A
Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[7]https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=diabetes+food+pyramid&rlz=1C1CHWA_enPK643PK
643&espv=2&biw=1517&bih=725&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved=
0ahUKEwjpgr7ksYHKAhWOHY4KHcsAD-cQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A
Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[8]http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/hematology_and_blood_disorders/p
olycythemia_vera_85,P00107/Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[9] http://www.healthline.com/health/hypovolemic-shock#OverviewLast accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[10] https://www.healthstatus.com/health_blog/body-fat-calculator-2/caloric-intake-affects-
health-2/Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015

35
[11] Asghar MZ, Asghar MJ. Expert System For Online Diagnosis of Red-Eye Diseases.
International Journal of Computer Science & Emerging Technologies (IJCSET). 2010;1(2)
Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[12] Asghar MZ, Habib A, Habib A, Zahra SR, Ismail S. AndorEstimator: Android based
Software Cost Estimation Application. arXiv preprint arXiv:1605.02304. 2016 May 8. Last
accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[13] Asghar MZ, Batool U, Bibi F. Financial Studio: Android Based Application for Computing
Tax, Pension, Zakat and Loan. Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[14] Asghar MZ, Gul F, Fakher S. Android based Conversion and Estimation Application Last
accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[15] Kundi FM, Asghar MZ. Lexicon-Based Sentiment Analysis in the Social Web. Journal of
Basic and Applied Scientific Research. 2014;4(6). Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[16] Asghar MZ, Khan A. Sentiment Classification through Semantic Orientation Using
SentiWordNet. Life Science Journal. 2014;11(10). Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[17] Asghar MZ, Khan A, Kundi FM, ur Rehman N. Clustering-based High Trend Identification
in Dataset. InNational Conference on Information and Communication Technologies, Bannu,
Pakistan; 2007. Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[18] Ahmad S, Kundi FM, Tareen I, Asghar MZ. Lexical Based Semantic Orientation of Online
Customer Reviews and Blogs. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.02355. 2016 Jul 8. Last accessed,
25 Nov 2015
[19] http://www.livestrong.com/article/394318-what-happens-if-you-exceed-your-maximum-
heart-rate-during-exercise/ Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[20] http://www.idf.org/complications-diabetes Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[21] [TC] Blood Calculator available at
http://www.thecalculator.co/health/Blood-Calculator-67.htmllast accessed, 25 Nov 2015.
[22] Calorie.net, available at
http://www.calculator.net/calorie-
calculator.html?ctype=metric&cage=22&csex=m&cheightfeet=5&cheightinch=10&cpound=160
&cheightmeter=160&ckg=27.2155&cactivity=1.2&printit=0&x=84&y=16 last accessed, 25 Nov
2015

36
[23] Find your target heart rate available
http://exercise.about.com/od/cardioworkouts/ss/findtargetheart.htm#showalllast accessed, 25
Nov 2015
[24] Blood-Sugar Chart|MedIndia] available at
http://www.medindia.net/patients/calculators/bloodsugar_chart.asp last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[25] Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c or A1C) Calculator|Med India} available at
http://www.medindia.net/patients/calculators/bloodsugar-HbA1c-convertor.asp
[26] Health Calculator Android App is available at
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.newageproductions.healthcalculator.freeLast
accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[27]https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=diabetes+food+pyramid&rlz=1C1CHWA_enPK643P
K643&espv=2&biw=1517&bih=725&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved
=0ahUKEwjpgr7ksYHKAhWOHY4KHcsADcQ_AUIBigB#imgdii=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A
%3BZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A%3BMZeyUzEnfibNxM%3A&imgrc=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3
A Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015
[28]https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=diabetes+food+pyramid&rlz=1C1CHWA_enPK643P
K643&espv=2&biw=1517&bih=725&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&sqi=2&ved
=0ahUKEwjpgr7ksYHKAhWOHY4KHcsAD-cQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=ZWMupa6jqCxMSM%3A
Last accessed, 25 Nov 2015

37
Appendix-1 (Diet-Plans)

 Diet Plan# 1

Adopted from [27]

 Diet Plan# 2

Adopted from [28]

38
 Diet Plan # 3

Proposed Diet Plan

39
 i. Appendix-2 (Block level coding for Screen 1 …Main Menu/Homepage)
In this screen 4, command buttons are involved, three are used to move to desired app screen and
one is used to close the entire Application.

ii. Appendix-2 (Block level coding for Screen 2 …Heart Rate introduction)
In this Screen introduction about the app is given to the user by using two labels and a button to
move to the next screen.

40
iii. Appendix-3 (Block level coding for Screen 3 …(User inputs))
Since this screen used 4 labels and 2 textboxes and a notifier. The textboxes are used so that the
user can input the values in the textboxes. A notifier restricts the user to move to the next screen
if any of the two textboxes is left empty by the user. The button is used to move to the next
screen.

iv. Appendix-4 (Block level coding for Screen 4 …(Workout Intensity)

In this screen, we use a list view, label, a canvas and a button. The list view is used so that the
user can easily select his current activity level a label to display the output of a list view and a
button is used to move to the next screen and a canvas for animation.

41
v. Appendix-5 (Block level coding for Screen 5 …(Desired output))
In this screeen we use a canvas for animation purpose ,a label, and 5 buttons.The first button is
used to calculate the maximum heart rate.The second button is used to calculate the upper and
lower limit and the other three buttons are used to store,retrieve and clear the values from the
TinyDB.

42
43
44
vi. Appendix-6 (Block level Coding for Screen 6 …(Calorie level))
In this screen, we use four labels, four textboxes for input and one button to move to the next
screen. The purpose of labels is used to provide information about textboxes, so that the users
can easily insert values in the textboxes. We also use a non-visible components called a notifier
which restrict the user to move to the next screen if the user does not fill any of the textbox
value.

45
vii. Appendix-7 (Block level Coding for Screen 7 …(Activity level))
In this screen, we use two labels to display output of list view, one list view, and one button.
The button is used to move to the next screen. The list view is used so that the user can easily
select the Activity level (e.g., Inactive, Mild Activity, Moderate Activity, Heavy Activity, and
Very heavy Activity).

46
viii. Appendix-8 (Block level Coding for Screen 8 …(Desired output))
In this screen, one label is used to display the output and six buttons. The first button is used to
calculate the output, Second button is used to store the values in DB, Third button is used to
check the values in Db, Fourth button is used to clear the values in Db (if the user wants to clear
the old history and make new history).The fifth button is used to enter the new input values by
using the reset button. Sixth button is used to move to the main menu screen.

47
48
ix. Appendix-9 (Block level Coding for Screen 9 …(Heart Rate))
In this screen, we use three labels, three textboxes, a canvas, a notifier and a button. Labels are
used to provide information about textboxes for the users ease. Textboxes so that the users can
input values. A canvas for animation purpose and a button to move to the next screen. A notifier
is used to restrict the user to move to the next screen if any of the textbox is left empty by the
user.

49
x. Appendix-10 (Block level Coding for Screen 10 …(Desired output))
In this screen we use six buttons a label and a canvas. Label is used to display the output. A
canvas for animation. First button is used to calculate the output ,second button is used to reset
all the input values , third button is used to move to the main menu screen ,and the remaining
three buttons are used to store , retrieve values to/from Db and clear the values from Db.

50
51
xi. Appendix-11 (Block level Coding for Screen 11 …(Diabetes/Choose test type))
This is the screen for diabetes which consists of three buttons to select the desired test type, the
first button is used for random test type, Second button is used for fasting test type selection and
also there is a third button for Hemoglobin test checking.

52
xii. Appendix-12 (Block level Coding for Screen 12 …(Fasting Blood Glucose))
First we use three list pickers. First list picker provide ranges between 70-99, Second list picker
provide ranges between 100-125, similarly third list picker provide ranges greater than or equal
to 126 and the users can select the desired input values from these three ranges.

And the Button1 is used to display the result.

53
 Button 2 is used to see the chart.

xiii. Appendix-13 (Block level Coding for Screen 13 …(Random Blood Glucose))
These list picker are used to select the desired range.

And the Button1 is used to display the result.

54
xiv. Appendix-14 (Block level Coding for Screen 14 …(HbA1c))
It consists of a button and the purpose of this button is used to check the result.

55
56
57
58
xv. Appendix-15 (Block level Coding for Screen 15 …(Unit converter))
There are two variable and one button is used. One variable is used for mmol/l and the second
variable is used for mg/dl. The button is used to convert one unit into another unit.

xvi. Appendix-16 (Block level Coding for Screen 16 …(Data Viewer Screen))
In this screen we use six buttons and four labels, first three buttons are used to move the specific
app screen from where we left and fourth, fifth buttons are used to get the previous and the next
values (i. e choice of the user which values does he want) and the sixth button is used to move to
the main menu screen. Four labels are used to display the information.

59
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61
Plag-Report-Ammara and Anam-
MCS0 project thesis
by Dr. Zubair

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