Module 1

) An amplifier operating over the frequency range from 18 to 20 MHz has a 10 KΩ input resistor.
What is the rms noise voltage at the input to this amplifier if ambient temperature is 270 C.

c) Write short note on the following: i) Short noise ii) Burst noise

b) Write at least four reasons for which modulation is needed in an analog communication system

1 a) Write two reasons why modulation is necessary in electronic communication. Determine

minimum length of antenna required to transmit 1kHz signal.

3) 5marks b) Define Noise Figure. Calculate the input signal to noise ratio for an amplifier with an
output signal to ratio of 16 dB and a noise figure of 5.4 dB

2 a) Write short notes on shot noise, partition noise and white noise.

b) Derive Friis’s formula

C) Determine noise figure for an equivalent noise temperature of1000K

D) Overall noise factor of cascaded amplifier

Module 1
b) Define AM. Draw a neat AM waveform its frequency spectrum for sinusoidal AM. Also derive the
expression for AM

2 a) Derive the expression for power, voltage and current in AM. (5) b) The antenna current of an
AM transmitter is 8Amp when only the carrier is sent, but it increases to 8.93 Amp when the carrier
is modulated by a single sine wave. Find the percentage modulation.

3 a) Draw the block diagram of an AM transmitter. Explain the working of each block

c) A sinusoidal carrier signal of 5V peak amplitude &100khz frequency is amplitude modulated by a

5khzsignal of peak amplitude 3V.What is the modulation index&bandwidth.

3 a) Define amplitude modulation.Derive the expression for amplitude modulated signal.Draw the
output waveform and spectrum of amplitude modulated waveform. 7marks b)

Explain the operation of amplitude modulator circuit using collector modulation method.
Module 1
4 a) With help of the block diagram explain SSB reception using phasing method and derive the
expression forits final output. (7)

b) Define image frequency and image rejection ratio

5 a) With the help of a block diagram, explain the working of pilot carrier SSB transmitter and
receiver.

6 a) Draw the block diagram of SSB reception using third method (Weaver’s method). Derive the
expression of its output and explain the working principle.

c) With neat diagrams describe the working of balanced ring modulator. 8marks 5

a) With circuit diagram explain the balanced modulator using FETs. 7marks

b) With a block diagram explain ISB transmitter. State the advantages of SSB & ISB systems. 8marks

c) pt balanced modulator suppress the carrier

module 4
b) Define image frequency and image rejection ratio. (4)

c) Compare AM and FM with any 4 main points.

b) Draw the block diagram of a superheterodyne receiver and explain the working of each block

c) double conversion receiver

d) merits and demerits of am and fm

b) Define image frequency. For an AM super heterodyne receiver with IF, RF and local oscillator
frequency of 455 kHz, 600 kHz and 1055 kHz respectively. Determine image frequency and image
frequency rejection ratio for a Q of 100.

b) Derive the expression for a frequency modulated signal. State the advantages of FM over AM
Module 1

Imp ……agc

Module 5
8 a) Draw the block diagram of FM transmitter using indirect method and explain its working. (10

) b) Describe the working of a varactor diode modulator in FM. (10) 9

a) Describe the working of a Transistor modulator in FM

7 a) Derive the expression for sinusoidal PM and show the equivalence between FM and PM

b) Explain working of FM transmitter using Armstrong method with a neat block diagram

c)

d) Module 6
e) b) With neat circuit diagram explain the working of a Foster-Seeley discriminator. Also draw the
discriminator response (V/f)
f) b) Draw and explain pre-emphasis and de-emphasis circuits used in FM. (5)
g) c) Explain the working principle of DTMF.
h) Fm demodulator using pll

i)

j)
k) Balanced slope detector
Module 1
l) b) c) What is the purpose of dial tone? Briefly discuss about the call initiation procedures.
Explain working of a cordless telephone with the help of a block diagram

m)