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The following visual field abnormalities are correctly paired with a likely cause:
(a) Bitemporal hemianopia – pituitary adenoma
(b) Arcuate scotoma – primary open angle glaucoma
(c) Central scotoma – age related macular degeneration
(d) Right homonymous hemianopia – occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery
(e) Central scotoma – optic neuritis
2. The following “connective tissue diseases” are correctly paired with one of the
following ocular manifestations:
(a) SLE – retinal vasculitis
(b) Rheumatoid arthritis – scleritis
(c) Behcet’s disease – acute anterior uveitis
(d) Reiter’s syndrome – conjunctivitis
(e) Juvenile chronic arthritis (AFP positive) – uveitis
4. Orbital cellulitis:
(a) May be secondary to disease of the paranasal air sinuses
(b) May cause cavernous sinus thrombosis
(c) Is usually painless
(d) May cause blindness
(e) Is most commonly due to Pneumococcus or Haemophilus organisms
8. Amblyopia:
(a) Is usually bilateral
(b) Is untreatable
(c) Occurs in greater than 1% of population
(d) May occur after age of 15
(e) Is painful
10. Hypermetropia:
(a) Is frequently associated with prematurity and low birth weight
(b) Is associated with accommodative esotropia (convergent squint)
(c) Is treatable with contact lenses
(d) Is common in acute glaucoma
(e) Is where the axial length of the eye is larger than normal
26. Retinoblastoma:
(a) May be inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern
(b) The age of presentation is between 6 and 10 years
(c) Is never bilateral
(d) Radiotherapy can be used in less advanced disease
(e) The overall mortality is 66%
27. 3rd nerve palsy:
(a) May be caused by an aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery
(b) Is characterized by ptosis
(c) May be associated with miosis
(d) Results in adduction of the eye
(e) Can be caused by microvascular disease
39. Traumatic loss of a normal eye in a patient with two normal eyes causes:
(a) Loss of stereoscopic vision
(b) 50% loss of visual field
(c) 50% loss of visual acuity
(d) Dilation of the pupil in the remaining eye
46. Conjunctivitis:
(a) Is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection
(b) Is most commonly caused by fungal infection
(c) May be due to chlamydial infection
(d) May be secondary to herpes simplex keratitis
52. Iritis:
(a) may cause secondary glaucoma
(b) May cause secondary cataracts
(c) Is characterized by cells in the anterior chamber
(d) If untreated may result in retinal detachment
53. Amaurosis fugax (blindness without apparent change to eye itself) may be caused by:
(a) Embolus for a mural thrombus of the myocardium
(b) Embolus from internal carotid artery
(c) Thrombosis of the basilar artery
(d) Diabetic retinopathy
54. Sudden painless loss of sight in one eye may be due to:
(a) Central retinal artery occlusion
(b) Pituitary tumor
(c) Acute glaucoma
(d) Central retinal vein thrombosis
55. Myopia
(a) Is best treated by spectacle correction
(b) May be associated with retinal detachment
(c) Always causes cataract formation
(d) May occur in poorly controlled diabetes
74. Uveitis:
(a) Can be caused by trauma
(b) Is associated with inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber
(c) Can be caused by intraocular infections
(d) Treatment includes a topical antibiotic
(e) A periocular injection can be given in severe cases
78. Eyelids:
(a) Ectropion is associated with epiphora
(b) BCC of lid will easily metastasize
(c) SCC of lid will easily metastasize
(d) Molluscum contagiosum is a malignant condition
(e) Patients with a chalazion need urgent referral
80. Cataracts:
(a) They are caused by steroids, chlorpromazine and penicillin
(b) Advantages of treatment by phacoemulsification are that the incision is
smaller and there is less astigmatism
(c) Loss of accommodation is typical after surgery
(d) Hypoparathyroidism is a cause of cataracts
(e) They are a cause of leukocoria in children
83. Conjunctivitis
(a) Follicles are lymphoid aggregates on the conjunctiva
(b) Viral conjunctivitis causes purulent discharge
(c) “Mutton-fat” keratic precipitates are associated with granulomatous
conjunctivitis
(d) Allergic conjunctivitis may be treated with sodium cromoglycate
(e) Vernal conjunctivitis is mediation by action of IgE
85. Lens
(a) Marfan’s syndrome and homocystinuria are associated with subluxation of the
lens
(b) Blunt trauma to the eye may cause subluxation of the lens
(c) Alport’s syndrome is associated with a centrally increased curvature of the
lens
(d) Lens displacement is a cause of glaucoma
(e) Bilateral congenital cataract is a cause of amblyopia and nystagmus
92. In trauma
(a) Acid burns are more serious than alkali burns
(b) A blowout fracture involves all the following: infraorbital anesthesia, disorder
of muscle movement, diplopia, enophthalmos
(c) In a history of penetrating eye injury, an orbital X-ray should be limited to
cases involving metal fragments.
(d) Emphysema as an indication of a blowout fracture
(e) Blunt trauma causes a posterior subcapsular cataract after injury.
94. In optics
(a) Presbyopic patients may need reading glasses
(b) Myopia is due to a short eye
(c) Hypermetropia is due to a short eye
(d) The myopic eye requires convergent lenses for correction of ametropia
(e) The hypermetropic eye requires convergent lenses for correction of ametropia
95. Proptosis
(a) Can be caused by thyroid disease
(b) Is associated with CN VII palsy
(c) Is associated with meningioma
(d) Is associated with lacrimal gland carcinoma
(e) Is associated with rhabdomyosarcoma
96. The following names are associated with abnormalities of the pupil
(a) Kayser-Fleisher
(b) Argyll Robertson
(c) Weill Marchesani
(d) Hudson-Stahli
(e) Holmes-Adie
98. The syringing of the right ear with ice-cold water in a healthy person lying in the
prone position causes
(a) Horizontal nystagmus to the right
(b) Tendency for the eyes to deviate to the right
(c) Convergence nystagmus
(d) Vertical nystagmus
(e) Uniocular nystagmus
99. A myope
(a) Cannot see at a short distance without glasses
(b) Needs a concave lens for correction
(c) Has pupils that will not dilate with atropine
(d) Is more likely to be exophoric than esophoric
(e) Has a shorter than average length of eyeball
111. About 50% of patients with uveitis have a history of associated systemic diseases,
such as:
(a) Erythema nodosum
(b) Psoriasis
(c) Reiter’s disease
(d) IBD
(e) AIDS