A Special Advertising Section from Chemical Engineering February 6, 1984

LIQUID
SOLIDS
ese alloys
► inless
inless
ainless
Separationstiltration
;arpen ter

Current Developments

LICITAD
SOLIDS
Separation
With greater demand from many indus-
tries for precise liquid/solids separation
schemes, and a federal government
bent on improving environmental regula-
tion, it's no wonder that separation tech-
nology is becoming one of the hottest
topics among the chemical process in-
dustries (CPI).
For example, high-efficiency separa-
tion systems are required for sensitive
electronics processing, and other evolv-
ing "high tech" industries, such as bio-
technology, are finding new uses for
liquid/solids separation hardware. Also,
tighter water pollution regulations are
expected soon, especially along the Gulf
Coast, a hub of CPI activity.
And, while those factors alone proba-
bly provide enough impetus for design
and process engineers to rethink liquid/
solids separation concepts, there are
many other key influences pushing in the
same direction. Among them are:
• The cost of fresh water is rising, which
warrants another look at total water re-
use.
• This year, the Environmental Protec-
tion Agency (EPA) Office of Solid Waste
will focus its efforts on the issue of treat-
ment alternatives to land disposal of haz-
ardous waste. And it looks as if the
Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act (RCRA) amendments of 1983, if en-
acted, also will alter hazardous-waste
handling and disposal procedures.
There is a corollary to this unfolding
liquid/solids separation scenario: Pro-
cess engineers will place a new empha-
sis on integrating changes to upstream
processing technology in order to mini-
mize disposal problems that often
accompany certain liquid/solids separa-
tion schemes. One final influence comes
from overseas separation technology,
which is moving into the U.S. market,
making the menu of choices of separa-
tion hardware broader than ever before.
Current Developments
This report prepared by
Guy Weismantel
Selection Help
At many companies, chemical engi-
neers are responsible for specifying and
selecting liquid/solids separation equip-
ment. From their standpoint there are
certain benifits to having a wide range of
choices available. Perhaps the most ob-
vious advantage is that the potpourri
probably contains a suitable piece of off-
the-shelf hardware to solve an engi-
neer's liquid/solids separation problem.
And more simplified tailor-made equip-
ment is available.
However, that wide diversity of suppli-
ers also can create a great deal of confu-
sion about manfuacturers' capabilities
and their product mix. CHEMICAL ENGI-
NEERING, therefore, has gathered data
intended to clear a path through the
equipment and supplies jungle with a
detailed guide of suppliers and their
products (pp. 67-75).
Equipment Selection
Now, more than ever before, the
choice of liquid/solids separation hard-
ware is integrated into total process eco-
nomics. For example, consider the case
where centrifuge A may do a job for $5
per pound and centrifuge B for $29 per
pound; an engineer may still choose B.
Why? Because in the real world, centri-
fuge A might require modification to
crystallization and pretreatment equip-
ment. Those added expenses may can-
cel the liquid/solids separation saving in
order to achieve overall process optimi-
zation. This is a case of one capital ex-
penditure, offsetting another capital
expenditiure with liquid/solids separa-
tion becoming a major factor in the over-
all analysis.
This is only half the story, however.
One also must consider the tradeoff be-
tween Capital and operating expenses.
In today's business climate it would be
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
naive to suggest that overall economics
are the determining factor in purchasing
separation (or any processing) equip-
ment. High interest rates and reduced
capital budgets have forced plant per-
sonnel into purchasing lower-priced
equipment, with full cognizance of much
higher operating costs. The latter, how-
ever, is an expense item that can pulí a
plant through this lean financial period.
But, companies making purchase deci-
sions based on "lowest equipment
price" may well be looking at retrofit or
replacement within the next two years to
offset increases in operating costs in-
curred during the lean money years of
1981-1983. Liquid/solids separation
equipment clearly is no exception to that
scenario.
Centrifuges
In some ways, the recent enonomic
downturn turned out to be a blessing for
most technology. Engineers who, during
prosperous times, face constant produc-
tion deadlines and operating problems,
had time to think. The result has been
product improvement.
Centrifuge technology illustrates nice-
ly such advances; in some cases it is a •
response to new process requirements.
Advances in the field of biotechnology,
for example, have been a shot in the arm
for liquid/solids separation schemes.
Many of the new enzymatic technologies
involve some type of liquid/solids mix-
ture. Because the process often requires
microspeparation capabilities, a whole
new interest in ultrafiltration and ultra-
centrifugation has appeared.
In the case of ultracentrifugation, there
are inherent features that are important
to biotechnology. Newly developed
equipment enhances fine-particle sepa-
ration and is ideal for liquid polishing ap-
plications.
47
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LEQUID
SOLIDS
Separation
Manufacturers have increased the
force ratings to a peripheral centrifugal
acceleration of more than 14,000 gravi-
ties, a 40% improvement over some
1970-vintage centrifuges. Such units are
well suited for harvesting in chemical
and pharmaceutical applications, where
industrial-scale hardware can separate
particles clown to 0.5 microns. That ca-
pability is leading to commercial opera-
tion of centrifuges in biotechnological
operations for production of enzymes,
vaccines, and genetically engineered
bacteria.
These units also have proved useful
for the food and beverage industry. Suc-
cessful operation in these applications
requires that processes adhere to the
Food and Drug Administration's Good
Manufacturing Practices. Older hard-
ware does not always meet the more rig-
orous regulatory demands for cleaning
and sanitization, which can require total
disassembly, plus cleaning and reas-
sembly—a maintenance requirement
that has been reduced to hours by the
latest innovations. Chemical engineers
in those industries require cogent analy-
sis to keep abreast of current and poten-
tial regulatory influences.
Manufacturers have responded by de- cations and to assure mechanical reli-
voting considerable design attention to ability in respect to torque, vibration, and
improvements in maintenance and turn- braking.
around time by easing toward in-place Along with maintenance and opera-
cleaning or facilitating quick dismantling tional improvements, advances also are
and clean-up. Some new models feature being made in materials of construction.
quick-release clamps that permit easy For instance, space-age resins have led
separation of top and bottom casings to coatings that greatly improve corro-
plus quick removal of internal parts, sion resistance. And, for erosion resis-
such as feed cone, basket, and dis- tance, tungsten carbide tiles and special
charge mechanisms. Thus, a two-man alloys are used to suit process require-
crew can dismantle and reassemble ments.
hardware using only an overhead crane Manufacturers also have developed
and standard shop tools. centrifuges with considerable process
Concurrently, equipment manufactur- flexibility, which maximizes on-line time
ers' reasearch and development is lead- so that one machine can now be used
ing to operational improvements, which where, in the past, two were required.
increases throughput. Manufacturers This has been accomplished by incorpo-
also have made energy-reduction con- rating a specially designed feed convey-
siderations integral in redesign criteria or that can introduce feed at various
for most new centrifuges. This is often points in the centrifuge, the idea being to
accomplished by modifying the belt or input heavy particles where the highest
di rect drives. centrifugal force is produced, thereby
For the most part, centrifuge manufac- reducing power consumption.
turera are sticking with standard OEM This power-saving feature, usually ap-
electrical motors. However, engineers plied to decanting-type centifuges, also
specifying separation equipment are be- leads to feed flexibility, so that the same
ginning to demand high-efficiency mo- centrifuge used for hard crystals, for in-
tors. They also are asking motor stance, also can be used on soft amor-
suppliers to guarantee electrical specifi- phous solids.

TYPE OF SEPARATION PROCESS VS PARTICLE REMOVAL RANGE

PRIMARY FACTOR
AFFECTING SEPARATION

1111111 1 11111111 1 1 1 11111

. CLOTH & FIBRE FILTERS
MICROFILTERS
SIZE ~MI MWEiggigli 111M11111111 ■ 1“11 ••1111111111M
ULTRAFILTRATION SCREENS STRAINERS
Jiii I 1111111 1 1 1 111111
GEL CHROMOTOGRAPHY
1 in 1 I 1 1
REVERSE OSMOSIS
DIFFUSIVITY ■ ailll MIIIIMIIIII•IIIIII =MIME
DIALYSIS
~II MIIIIIIMINIMIll ~~1111•11111•,11
ELECTRODIALYSIS
IONIC MIIIIIIMEMMEIMII MI•111111111•11
CHARGE ION EXCHANGE
1 1 I I I 1 111 I I I I I I II
VAPOR DISTILLATION/FREEZE CONCENTRATION
TEMP/PRESSURE ■ •••1111111•111 UMNIIMMI
~MMEIN•11
SOLUBILITY SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SURFACE FOAM & BUB LE FRACTIONATION
ACTIVITY
ULTRACENTRIFUGES

CENTRIFUGES
. 1 lx,,.. . ■
DENSITY LIQUID CYCLONES
i i 1 1 I I 1 I11 1 1
GRAVITY SEDIMENTATION
1 1 1 111111 1 1 1111111 I I 1
Angstroms 1 10 0 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 2
QQ
Millimicrons 10 -1 1.0 10 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6

Microns 10 -4 10' 3 10' 2 10 -1 1.0 10 10 2 10 3

10 "6 10 " 5 10 -4 10 " 3 10 ' 2 10 ' 1 1

O
Millimeters 10 -7
MICRON jo. 1 FINE COARSE
IONIC RANGE 0».i..« MACROMOLECULAR PARTICLE PARTICLE411— PARTICLE — p.-
RANGE o
RANGE RANGE RANGE o

49
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LIQUEED
M'UDS
separation
Similarly, centrifuge developments
permit separations even where the spe-
cific gravity of the two phases is nearly
equal. Typical applications requiring this
degree of performance include organic
colloids, biological sludges, and metal
hydroxides. And, in the case of corn
starch and similar fine crystalline and
granular solids, separation in the 2- to
100-micron particle size range is easily
attainable.
Of course, no account of centrifuga-
tion would be complete without some
discussion of pollution-control applica-
tions.
Municipal applications of centrifuges
primarly involve recovery of waste-treat-
ment sludge for energy generation. In-
dustrial uses include applications in
paper mill and food-processing wastes,
flue gas desulfurization sludges, and
plating wastes.
A centrifuge equipped with safety device to protect against solvent vapor explosions.
ee
' • N.,
e 114r 111-T
—
•
With the EPA gearing up to reduce the
volume of material going to landfills, cen-
trifuges that compete with filter media
and other filtering hardware (which re-
quire land disposal) will take on new im-
portance during the next 18 months.
Already, centrifuges have been engi-
neered that integrate chemical pretreat-
ment (such as flocculation) to ease
solids removal.
Centrifuge manufacturers, mean-
while, have pointedly addressed the
three most recognized disadvantages of
centrifuges:
• Abrasive wear
• High power requirements
• Noisy operation.
The abrasion problem can be particu-
larly acute in coal dewatering applica-
tions. However, some centrifuges are
fitted with abrasive-resistant coatings or
tiles. The latter are constructed of plas-
o
ma-deposited tungsten carbide and are
designed for easy removal and mainte-
nance.
Centrifuge
Basics
While the principies of centrifu-
gal operation remain unchanged,
the equipment itself has, and is,
continuing to change.
In the basic centrifuge, feed en-
ters a sealed cylinder that spins on
a horizontal or vertical axis. The
centrifugal action (orces the heavi-
er solids to the wall of the cylinder,
while the liquid, or centrate, forms
an inner layer, which is removed.
Equipment is designed for
batch or continuous operation, de-
pending on internal configuration
and design. However, in all cases
it is the gravitational force that ac-
celerates the separation of solid
from liquid.
In a typical continuous centri-
fuge, a cylindrical-conical solid
bowl shell is fitted with an internal
contoured scroll conveyor. The
scroll rotates at a small differential
speed to the bowl. The feed slurry
enters the machine through a
compartment in the hollow shaft of
the helical conveyor and dis-
charges into the pool maintained
in the machine. The centrifugal
force exerted, by the rotation con-
centrales the solids at the bowl
wall. The differential rotation of the
helical conveyor causes the solids
to be transported along the bowl
walls and up to a discharge port in
the bowl wall. The clarified liquid
at the pool surface overflows an
adjustable weir and exits at the
large diameter of the bowl.
In the chemical process indus-
tries (CPI) there is an infinite num-
ber of process conditions, and the
liquid/solids interface is affected
by the density, shape, and size of
the particles, as well as liquid vis-
cosity, rheology, and concentra-
tion. In some cases, the specific
gravities of slurry components are
véry close, and centrifugal force is
the only practical method of sepa-
ration, especially if chemical treat-
ment is not feasable—which often
continued on page 54
1
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

ILIQUI11:1
SOLIDS
beparation
continuad from paga 50
Filtration
Centrifuge Basics Filtration is one of the oldest chemical
engineering unit operations; however,
is the case in many food and fine filtration technology is continually evolv-
chemical operations. ing. Even today, improvements are tak-
Given these basic concepts, it is ing place that optimize first-generation
virtuaily possible to "tailor" the in- equipment, such as belt presses and
ternal configuration of a centrifuge pressure filters. And new hardware is
to handle a variety of sedimenta- under development to meet modern re-
tion, separation, and céntrate re- quirements for ultra-clean filtrate and
quirements. Production rates of cake.
1,000 gallons per minute are at- • BELT PRESSES—New concepts in
tainable, and models can be built belt presses combine gravity, pressure,
that are gas-tight, fume-tight, or or vacuum pressing steps to improve
pressure-tight. In fact, three- throughput. In today's equipment, even
phase separation can be accom- the size, shape, and weave of the belt
plished, which provides the most be optimized to assure maximum
process engineer a means of sep- productivity with minimum maintenance.
arating two phases of liquid of dif- For example, some monofilament yarns
ferent gravities while concurrently
deliquifying sedimented solids.
(used for belts) lead to increased
throughput when used on wastewater
sludges. At the other end of the spec-
trum, triple separation (oil, water, and
solids) is possible with wire belt presses.
In applications requiring chemical pre-
treatment, such as polymeric dewater-
ing, recent developments in belt design
and slurry compreslion techniques have
succeeded in reducing polymer costs,
which can easily run more than $5.00
per dry ton. Today's designs can result
in a 15% saving in pretreatment chemi-
cals alone—not counting maintenance
and operational savings.
In process filtration systems, used in
peroxide bleaching processes, new filter
designs result in significant chemical
savings over traditional presses.

To reduce power requirements, some

centrifuges now are equipped with a
counterweighted vibrating drive system
that directs all generated force into verti-
cal motion to effect the separation. Be-
cause material flow is a function of the
amplitude of the vibration and the bas-
ket's rotational speed, precise control
and regulation result. This kind of opera-
tion—combined with mechanical-design
changes to reduce friction and with
state-of-the-art electronics, eddy-current
brake control systems, and lighter
weight—reduces power consumption.
And combining some of these
changes with enhancements in drives
and differentials has reduced noise lev-
els to below 80 decibels in some cases.
Centrifuges also have proved to be
safer today. There are strategically locat-
ed automatic trips for shut-off; there is
even a newly patented centrifuge safety
device that protects operator and ma-
chine if solvent vapor explodes. This unit
has a specially designed channel, or
chimney, that is equipped with a rupture
diaphragm. The chimney routes the
force of the explosion in a direction that
minimizes the potential of operator inju-
ry. It can be installed on vertical- or hori-
zontal-axis basket centrifuges.
Filtration diaphragm pressing and air drying operations are performed automatically as separate steps
in new automatic pressure-filters.
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LIMUM <11.
SOLMS
3eparation
larly, savings occur when chemically
conditioned coal slurries are dewatered
with giant, belt filter presses. Capacity
can reach 40 dry tons per hour at hy-
draulic capacities of 400 gallons per
minute.
• CARTRIDGES—In the 1950s, car-
tridge filtration technology was in its in-
fancy. The filter elements themselves
were easily clogged, plant engineers
A decanter-type centrifuge removes sulfide from process streams in gas treatment plant
Filter cartridges come in a wide range of sizes and materials of construction.
56
were constantly "fighting" the equip-
ment to get it to work properly, and
clean-up was an expensive chore. To-
day, some 50 manufacturers make
some type of cartridge filter, and while
there are still recognized leaders in this
industry, a process engineer can literally
shop—cafeteria style—to fit cartridge to
process. Furthermore, empirical and de-
sign equations are now available to aid
o .
t• ceive close attention as CPI plants in-
.
1 tration cartridges, provide the base for
8 A driving force behind those develop-
in selection with the assistance of com-
puter software and various pilot equip-
ment.
Today's cartridges are of uniform
structure and cover a wide porosity
range for, on the one hand, direct filtra-
tion, polishing, and clarifying, and cold
sterilization and adsorption on the other.
Another new concept is pleated-style
cartridge elements that feature low pres-
sure drop, high solids holding capacity,
and extended surface area, thus improv-
ing flow rates and cycle life.
And when it comes to internal car-
tridge support, design engineers can
pick from a wide variety of core materials
to match corrosive conditions. Cores
now available range from plastics, such
as polypropylene, to various types of
stainless specialty steels. Regenerative
and cleanable cartridges, which will re-
crease their focus on solid-waste
reduction, also are available.
While there are notable differences in
cartridges, manufacturers are marketing
adaptors so that cartridges can be inter-
changed in various filter housings. This
may be desirable if a special filter medi-
um is needed to meet processing re-
quirements.
Technological advances in filter me-
dia continue to pour into the market-
place, and cartridge construction is
being adapted to utilize the new materi-
als. In one case, microsized glass or
glass-cellulose fibers are permanently
bound into an epoxy plastic. Tightly con-
trolled production procedures control
pore openings and tolerance so that the
pores progressively narrow to meet rat-
ed size. This can increase loading of par-
ticulates or biological contaminants
without causing significant pressure in-
creases.
• ULTRAFILTRATION—Cartridge tech-
nology advances have spilled over into
ultrafiltration, where standard car-
tridges, arranged in parallel with ultrafil-
several commercial systems.
ments has been the microelectronics in-
dustry, whose need for ultra-clean water
and solvents demands micro-liquid/
solids separation systems to remove or-
ganics and colloidal contaminants. For
example, one system (constructed en-
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LE Un}
LIDS
eparation
What is
Ultrafiltration?
Ultrafiltration is a process in
Membrane filtration system which a semipermeable mem-
removes pyrogen as well as bacteria, brane or other media is used to
viruses and endotoxin from water. separate a liquid/solids system
finto its component parts. Pressure
usually is applied to the feed mix-
ture to accomplish the separation,
and pore size usually dictates the
degree of separation. However,
physical, chemical, or electrical
means can be applied to enhance
the operation. Ultrafiltration is sim-
ilar to reverse osmosis in many re-
spects. The technique is an
alternative to centrifugation, evap-
oration, precipitation, or other unit
operations, whose use depends
upon the application.
Courtesy Dunron Co

tirely of fluoroplastics) combines a 0.2-

micron cartridge with a 0.006-micron
ultrafiltration cartridge to produce a final
filtrate that is virtually free of submicron
organics, silicas, iron, and haze formers.
A vertical pressure lease filter. The pharmaceutical and biotechno-
logical industries also have quickly
adopted ultrafiltration, including electri-
cal charge-modification processes that
enhance liquid/solids separation. This
technology combines electrokinetic ad-
sorption with mechanical sieving in
charge-modified filters to remove con-
taminants as small as pyrogens and vi-
ruses. Critical sterile-filtration cartridges
are now available.
Ultrafiltration is not limited to cartridge-
type separation. Membranes and mem-
brane systems are now available in
modular design in capacities ranging
from 2 to 200,000 gallons per day in
batch or continuous mode. Solid-state
electronics and controls can pinpoint
membrane failure, and a trouble spot
can be bypassed without halting produc-
tion. There are also membranes that
separate highly corrosive, solvating, and
abrasive feeds. Self-supporting hollow-
fiber membrane components enable to-
day's systems to withstand vigorous
cleaning.
Porous tubes are also available for ul-
trafiltration or microfiltration (see page
49) to perform the liquid/solids separa-
Circular strainer with rotating feed arm. tion process. This equipment can oper-

59
 SCREEN/SIFT/CLASSIFY
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

GUMP atmospheric Truly uniquely rotary, LIQUE11}

SOLIDS
horizontal — utilizes
100% of screen sur-
face. That means
higher thruput and
better efficiency.
Separation
GUMP pressure
Screener fits right into
ate at lower pressures and higher flux
rates compared to other systems. Micro-
metals to filtering cloth, which improves
operation and reduces maintenance.
pneumatic system with-I, filtration does not remove particles as These changes to the "internals" of the
out costly auxiliaries small as those removed by ultrafiltration, machine not only feature lighter weight
has same unique
motion and produc- but in high-turbidity streams or those and higher throughput, but also extend
tion benefits as atmos with high solids loading, microfiltration is intervals between major overhaul.
pherics. a competitive alternative, particularly in On the "outside" of the machine, the
process applications such as plating adoption of solid-state electronics im-
wastes and fermentation. proves automation and feed-forward
For cooling and wastewater treatment control at precise pressure differentials.
GUVIP vibratory applications, however, engineers might
also consider permanent media filtration Clarifiers
The versatile, eco- systems that effectively remove contami-
nomical way to sep- nante down to 0.45 microns. One such Clarifiers, often used in con-
arate wet or dry, filter employs continuous vortexing fine junction with flocculants (charged
heavy or light, fine chemicals that enhance settling
or coarse, hot or sand (200 mesh) to trap solids against
cold materials. the tank perimeter. The flow pattern and separation), come in a variety
through the unit prevents clogging, and of shapes, sizes, and models. The
the sand enhances solids removal by in- basic theory guiding their use is
creasing effective surface area. that gravity will act on suspended
• PRESSURE FILTERS--Important solids to accomplish settling. The
changes are taking place in disk, drum, driving force (besides floccula-

FEED VOLUMETRICALLY and leaf filters, too. There are even new
wrinkles in píate-and-frame and filter-
press operations and maintenance pro-
tion) is to increase the surface set-
tling area by means of design or
flow patterns. Other factors, such

GUMP dravers
Rotary pocket or ~IP'
cedures.
Now available are leaf filters that elimi-
nate the need for high-speed rotation,
augur conveyor types, which can lead to damaged leaves and
Gump Dravers deliver expensive maintenance. These are par-
a constant, regulated"' , ticularly well suited for highly viscous liq-
flowpder,
granular or flaked uids. New discharge modes are
materials. available for these kinds of filters, includ-
ing mechanical sealing features that
feed into screw presses or other dis-
charge devices. The resulting, enclosed
PACK/SETTLE/COMPACT operation is of great value to pharma-
ceutical operations and for handling
harmful chemicals.
For pressure filters, the technological
vibrox® and hardware improvements extend be-
Unique Vibra utilizes rocking/oscil- yond design and into their basic manu-
lating motion to fill containers
with the maximum weight
facture. For example, some filters leafs
are now laser-welded to improve
of powdered, granular,
flaked, crystalline or strength and durability. Also, continu-
blended materials. ously welded wire cloth eliminates leak-
age from filter leafs in industrial pressure
filters.
For filter presses that regularly experi-
do it with ence corrosive conditions, plates of
polypropylene or high-strength fiber-
as particle shape and size, con-
centration, density, and specific
gravity affect settling behavior.
With land at a premium in many
locations, the focus of recent
changes in clarifier design is to re-
duce space requirements (by vor-
texing, using sloped parallel
plates, cartridges, bed or cell de-
sign, fluid flow, weirs, placement
of feed and exit ports, etc.).
The result is that today's clari-
fiers occupy as little as one-eighth
the ground space as their prede-
cessors. While the chemical pro-
cess industries (CPI) have
accepted innovative clarification
technology, other industrial sec-
tors have been slow to adopt new
equipment.
Large civil and sanitary jobs of-
ten were based on cost-plus con-
tracts, tied to the amount of steel
erected and concrete poured, so
acceptance of new ideas could hit
an engineering company in the

GUMP
B. F. GUMP DIVISION BOX 1041, BJFFALO, N.Y. 14240
716 • 895-2100 TELEX: 9-1225
ÚWXNÓX FOOD & CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT COMPANY
One of the Whoe Consoldated Industries
OO Trademark of Blaw-Knox Food & Chemical Equipment
Company, B. F. Gump Division
Circle A-8 on Reader Service Card
60
glass reinforced plastic (FRP) have been
developed. In some cases, these offer
dramatic reductions in maintenance
costs, extended service life, less leak-
age, and lighter weight.
Complementary new construction ma-
terials include advances in bonding to
permanently attach expanded support
pocketbook. There was, and still
is, a tendency to design "big."
While this aspect of construction is
changing, company engineers
should carefully evaluaIe process
modifications to avoid purchase of
antiquated concepts.

VIBROSCREEN"
Circular Screen
Vlbratory Separators
18" to 100" in diameter. One
to five screen surfaces.
Accurate separations from
2" down to 400 mesh (37
microns). Bulletin VS-79
CENTRI-SIFTERTm
High Capacity
Centrifugal Sifters
Single and twin models for
powders or granular materi-
als. Totally enclosed sani-
tary design. Mesh openings
to 37 microns. Bulletin CS-82
"CROSS-FLO"SIEVE
High Capacity
Dewatering Screens
Continuous clarification of
industrial and municipal
wastes. Quick, manual deck
slope changes. Widths from
2 to 6 ft. in one-foot incre-
ments. Bulletin CF-79
"KASCADE"
Grizzly Feeder
Heavy duty vibratory feeder
with unique cascading
screen deck. Combines
feeding, screening and dis-
charge in a single unit. Sizes
from 600 x 2000 mm to 2000
x 6000 mm. Bulletin KG-80
RECTANGULAR
VIBRO-SCREEN
Heavy duty high capacity in-
clined and horizontal vibrat-
ing screens utilizing circu-
lar or linear motion for pro-
cessing, hot or cold. Screen
surfaces to 4 x 8 meters.
Bulletin RS-80
• Also, mechanical innovations to belt
Whatever your separation problem, Kason
has the most efficient equipment with the
highest degree of built-in dependability.
Product separation is our only business ..
that's why we do it best. jet our specialists
serve your needs.
We're
Creative!
For more facts, call or write
KASON CORPORATION
231 Johnson Avenue. Newark,
New Jersey 07108
Phone: 201-242-6767 Telex: 138-418
In Canada: Sepanator Engiñeering Ltd
Montreal and Toronto
Circle A 15 on Reader Service Card
-
62
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LII
LIDS
eparation
Microprocessors permit programmable
operation of functions like self-cleaning
backflush, automatic discharge, and
other features that promote continuous
filtration with minimum manpower and
limited worker exposure to hazardous
fluids.
One filter, originally developed for
nuclear wastes, can trap and remove
toxics by converting the liquid to a vapor.
By passing the vapor through a porous
ceramic and condensing, separation is
accomplished. This process is limited to
small-scale operations.
For large operations, engineers may
desire considerable automation. Auto-
matic pressure filters, similar in concept
to a filter press, are now designed to
combine continuous plate filtration,
washing, diaphragm pressing, and air
drying. These filtering systems can be
expensive, however, and alternatives,
such as evaporation plus drum drying,
might be pursued. The latter often is as-
sociated with solvent systems where re-
use is desirable or mandated for
economic or environmental reasons.
• OTHER FILTER DEVELOPMENTS-
Filter advances do not stop with pres-
sure or gravity units. Vacuum filters are
also being developed with advanced•
pneumatic controls coupled to microcir-
cuitry to optimize operations. For exam-
ple, it is now feasible to automatically
control filter-cake conditions on vacu-
um-belt filters over a wide range of feed
and wash rates.
filters reduce friction under high-pres-
sure or vacuum operating conditions,
which leads to lower energy and mainte-
nance requirements. The targets of
those cost-reduction efforts are longer
cycle times, extended equipment life
and reduction of waste-disposal volume.
For that reason, proprietary cleaning
processes that can restore filter media to
"like-new" conditions are making their
bow to the industry. And membrane and
materials research and development, of-
ten based on quick-release plastics,
such as polytetrafluoroethylene, are un-
der field tests, which hopefully will lead
to a reduction in the amount of mineral-
assisted filtration. It is safe to say that to-
tal substitution will not occur anytime
soon.
Problems to Solve
Just as process technology can de-
mand the use of specific separation
equipment, so, too, can government
regulations. One example of regulation
fathering liquid/solids equipment de-
mands is the Public Utilities Regulatory
Policy Act (PURPA).
The act notably affects the pulp and
paper industry, which is a large steam
and electrical energy consumer. Paper
and pulp plants often generate large
amounts of very wet, cellulosic wastes.
Some belt-pressed waste is used in boil-
ers, but in many cases there is still a
sludge excess and a disposal prob-
lem—and cost for disposal can run more
than $3.00 per ton.
The sludge is difficult to burn because
it is so wet, yet PURPA allows compa-
nies to use those wastes to create power
that utilities must, in turn, buy for their
grid. One solution is dewatering and /or
thickening, combined with controlled
stoker and boiler operation.
But there are other alternatives from
which project engíneers can choose.
For instance, equipment under field test,
such as reactive thickeners and quasi-
filters that act as thickeners (by doubling
the surface area of a normal plate filter)
are two new possibilities. Should fiber
dewatering begin in the mostly liquid
state, modified static-dissolved-air-flota-
tion aerators are now capable of liquid/
solids seperation. This film-centrifugal
action permits decantate to collect in the
bottom of the modified aerator where it
can be drawn off by simple gravity flow.
One additional feature is pollution con- Whe
trol, or, more specifically, biological oxy-
gen demand (BOD) reduction, which is
accomplished during the process.
call
For Fabr
New equipment, however, is not the shapes a
only answer to a solid waste separation attach me
problem. Improved efficiencies and de-
For Wire
sign modifications are also available on
we can w
"traditional" equipment, such as the
as PVC. V
screw press and the V-press. In fact, annual nE
such improvements in screen assem- warehou5.
blies may be retrofitted to existing ma-
For Immt
chines to provide savings in operating
and maintenance costs without equip-
Thousanc
specificat
ment replacement. fine and fi
Overall, those responsible for specify- very quid,
ing liquid/solids separation hardware
must now consider the total process And more
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LaUED
SOLIDS
Separation
flowsheet to optimize the use of pretreat-
ment chemicals, pretreatment process-
es (aging, crystallization, dewatering
and thickening, precipitation, and refrig-
Strainers, and Such
In-line strainers generally fall
into two catagories: Y-strainers
and T, or basket, strainers. They
are generally considered off-the-
shelf items and are available in
most standard pipe sizes, in vari-
ous materials of construction, and
with a wide variety of internal
screening elements. Particle size
removal varíes with the porosity of
the element.
In some cases, an in-line strain-
er is used to protect downstream
equipment. For example, paint
ground in a ball mili will pass
through a strainer to prevent pas-
sage of balls that would enter the
product pipeline and damage
transfer pumps.
Strainers with more limited
openings in the screening element
are used to remove smaller partic-
ulates from the process stream,
down to 10 microns or less. Typi-
cally, this could include unreacted
resins, dirt, rust, or other material.
In this capacity, strainers act as
precursors to other processing
equipment (nozzles,filters, etc.)
In-line strainers are cleaned by
removing or replacing the internal
element or by using a blowdown
valve. Dual strainers are used
when continuous operation is re-
quired.
The Author
Mr. Weismantel is president of Weis-
mantel International, a chemical engi-
neering consulting firm specializing in
market research for the chemical and
petrochemical industries. He is also in-
volved in special projects involving pol-
lution control, process equipment
Can you
<es cha nge
:creen:
in one
eration), and other liquid/solids separa-
tion techniques (clarifiers, concen-
minute
trators, decanters, digestors, dryers,
evaporators, hydrocyclones). on your
Not all strainers are in-line. Oth-
se atora
er separators vary in design and
capacity depending on the appli-
cation, and may include vibratory
or other features.
Turning specifically to screen,
wire mesh, and perforated metal,
it is increasingly clear that few pro-
cess engineers have devoted
enough attention to the theory and
design parameters that should ac-
company their selection and
specification. process engineers
usually assume that this hardware
has received adequate attention
when included as part of the origi-
nal equipment. Sometimes that
assumption is questionabie.
Few fabrication engineers are
process oriented, and few pro-
cess engineers delve into the síze,
shape, and configuration of perfo-
rated metals or screens to under-
stand how minute changes might
improve throughput. Yet this high-
ly specialized area can result in in-
cremental (2 to 4%) changes in
productivity that, in continuous
With LIQUATEX® you can.
chemical operations, can amount
LIQUATEX Separators utilize a unique pat-
to six-figure savings annually. As
ented clamp handle design for positive lock-
a start, chemical engineers may ing between sections of the machine. These
refer to the Designers, Specifiers Quick-Release clamps hold the screen
and Buyers Handbook available frame in place, but enable you to remove it in
from the Industrial Perforators As- only seconds! From the moment a new
sociation, 710 North Plankinton screen frame is ready to install, LIQUATEX
Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53201. can be reassembled in less than a minute.
Another advantage—no tools are required.
Thus operators can change screens entirely
by hand, without calling in maintenance
personnel...reducing your downtime and
your costs!
Make LIQUATEX your first choice in sepa-
rators. Ask your ROTEX man about a free
demonstration at your site on your materials.
ROTEX INC., 1222 Knowlton St., Cincinnati,
design, and energy recovery. He has Ohio 45223.
For name of your nearest ROTEX repre-
worked for the consulting firm DeWitt &
sentative, call TOLL-FREE 1-800-243-8160.
Co. of Houston and has been a regional (In Connecticut 1-800-842-0225)
editor for Chemical Engineering maga-
zine. Mr. Weismantel, the author of more
than 100 technical anides, is the Editor-
in-Chief of the Paint Handbook. ROTEX INC.
Circle A 18 on Reader Service Card
-
65
 A CHEMICAL ENGINE.. SPECIAL AOVERTISMC SECT1ON

1, 111 1 III) 11.*■■ '.

-'' lkip ,.. 3•
Sepanation
.= z,
. . ...,
.=
- „,-§ o •1- g
Manufacturers' Directory .
-
ro -
.,
"3
§ e'
c.,
„.. .1
. a, TI
. != — E,
:
,
. ea.
yrr 'S
12 ,„ .1
.. E a- „.., —I C
The following table lists manufacturers of liquid/solids/separation
1.- w .,..,..? 1=
9.s Z. .
,:. o "--. LU
:..9 .
,,, .2 .i s ,,1- ;2 75
products. More information can be obtained from Advertisers in this ol E,
;..».
r”." 1 izz- CÓ Ir 111 , r¿ 2- C2. ET,
section by circling the appropriate reader service number. z o= á 1 1 7.- ''' Qo . . El '" :IL
'O c1.1 co . — — — .— ' = 4.,
, cc v7 C.) 5 U i U. U. 15 c.,) al
-
0- ANI5 0 4)
AARON EQUIP. CO ., Areco Inc. Schiller Park, IL 60176
•
ABCOR INC., Wilmington, MA 01887
• •
ACS INDUSTRIES INC., Houston, TX 77053
•
R. P. ADAMS Co., Buffalo, NY 14240 A-35 • • •
AERODYNE DEV. CORP., Alfa-Dyne Inc., Cleveland, OH 44139 A-36 •
AITKEN PRODUCTS, INC., Houston, TX 77017
•
•
ALBANY INT'L, Engineered Systems Div., Glens Falls, NY 12801
• •
ALFA-LAVAL, Fort Lee, NJ 07024 A 37 •
AMERICAN FELT & FILTER, Newburgh, NY 12550 • •
AMETEK, Plymouth Products Div., Sheboygan, WI 53081 • •
AMETEK, Process Equip. Div., El Cajon, CA 92022 • • •
AMF CUNO, General Filter Prods. Div., Meriden, CT 06450 • • •
AMF CUNO, Microfitration Prods. Div., Meriden, CT 06450
A-38 •
A-38 • • • •
ANDALE CORP., Landsdale, PA 19446
•
ANDERSON 2000 INC, Peachtree City, GA 30269
• • •
AQUEA-AEROBIC SYSTEMS INC., Rockford, IL 61130
•
AQUA MEDIA, Sunnyvale, CA 94086
•
ARROW PNEUMATICS INC., Fluid Power Div., Broadview, IL 60153 • • • • • •
ARROW TANK CO. INC.,Buffalo, NY 14215
•
ARTISAN INDUSTRIES INC., Waltham, MA 02254 A-39 • •
ARUS-ANDRITZ, Arlington, TX 76016
•
ASHBROOK SIMON HARTLEY, Houston, TX 77093
•
ASHWORTH BROTHERS INC., Winchester, VA 22601
•
ATM CORP., Sonic Sifter Div., West Allis, WI 53214
•
BAKER PERKINS, Saginaw, MI 48601 •
BALTIMORE AIR COIL CO., INC., Baltimore, MD 21227 •
BARNSTEAD CO., Div. of Sybron, Boston, MA 02132
BARRETT CENTRIFUGALS INC, Worchester, MA 01613 •
BARRETT HAENTJENS & CO., Hazleton, PA 18201 •
BAYLESS INDUSTRIES, Flemington, Ni 08822
BELLEVILLE WIRE CLOTH CO., Bellevilie, NJ 07109 • •
BEPEX CORP - RIETZ Div., Santa, Rosa, CA 95402 • •
BERINGER CO. INC., Marblehead, MA 01945 •
BIRD MACHINE CO. INC., South Walpole, MA 02071 A-40 • •
BLACK CLAWSON, Shartle-Pandia Div., Middletown, OH 45042 •
BLAW-KNOX, Food & Equip. Co., B.F. Gump Div. White Cons. Inc., Buffalo, NY 14240 A-47 •
BLAW-KNOX, Food & Equip. Co., Buflovak Div. White Cons. Inc., Buffalo, NY 14240 •
BOCK, Toledo, OH 43611 • •
BOFORS WOBEL CHEMATUR, Greensboro, NC 27401 •
BRUNSWICK TECHNETICS, Filterite, Timonium, MD 21093 A-41 •
BRUNSWICK CORP., Fluid Dynamics, Deland, Fl 32720
• • •
BUCKBEE-MEARS, St. Paul, MN 55101 A-42 •
BUFFALO WIRE WORKS CO. INC, Buffalo, NY 14240
•
CAMBRIDGE WIRE CLOTH CO., Cambridge, MD 21613 A-43 • • •
CAMA INDUSTRIES, Fairfield, NJ 07006
•
CARPCO INDUSTRIES, Jacksonville, FI 32206
CARRIER VIBRATING EQUIPMENT INC., Towsville, KY 40233
• •
CARTER-DAY CO., Minneapolis, MN 55432
•
RALPH B. CARTER CO., Hackensack, NJ 07602
• •
FRED S. CARVER CO. INC., Menomopee Falls, WI 53051
• • •
C-E BAUER, Springfield, OH 45501
• • •
C-E NATCO, Tulsa, OK 74101
•
C-E TYLER, Mentor, OH 44060
•
CELLULO CO., Cranford, NJ 07016
•
CENTRICS INC., Northvale, NJ 07647
• •
CHEMFLOW CORPORATION, West Patterson, NJ 07424
• •
CHEMAPAC, Woodburg, NY 11797
•
CHEMWORKS INC., Dover, NJ 07801
•
CHERRY-BURRELL, A-M-V Chemetron Process Equip.Div., Louisville, KY 40232
•
CLARKSON CONTROLS & EQUIPMENT CO., Detroit, MI 48239 • •
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEEFUNG SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

Pretreatmen t C he m ica ls
I , i 11,11 II)

Sep a rators, Wire Mesh

.5Y.'r;

Sep arat ion Eq uip men t

,

''.1 1 ' i 1

Filter Aids &Med ia

Filte r Bag s &Cloth

Stra iners, Sc ree ns,

Ot her So lid/ Liq uid

&Perfora te d Pla te
Advert ise r Rea der
Se rvice Nu m he r

Filte r Equ ipme nt

Separation

& Eq uip men t

Centrifuges

C larifiers
CLAUDE LAVAL CORPORATION, Lakos Separator Div., Fresno, CA 93727 • • •
CLEVELANDWIRE CLOTH, Cleveland, OH 44105 •
CLINTON CENTRIFUGE INC., GCI Inc., Hatbore, PA •
CLOW CORP., Waste Treatment Div., Florence, KY 41042 • •
COILHOUSE PNEUMATICS, Midddlesex, NJ 08846 •
COMMERICAL FILTERS, Lebanon, IN 46052 A-44 • • • • •
CONCENTRATION SPECIALISTS INC., Andover, MA 01810 •
CONSLER CORP., Honeoye Falls, NY 14472 • • •
CONTINENTAL CONTROL & EQUIPMENT CO., Jamesburg, NJ 08831 • • • •
DEMCO INC., Div. of Cooper Industries, Oklahoma City, OK 73143 •
CORNING GLASS WORKS, Corning Process Systems, Corning, NY 14831 • • •
CPC ENGINEERING CORP., Div. of Signal Co., Sturbridge, MA 01566 •
CRANE CO., Cochrane Environmental Systems, King of Prussia, PA 19406 • • • • • •
CROLL-REYNOLDS ENGINEERING CO. INC., Trumbull, CT 06611 • • •
CRYSTAL FLUID FILTER CO., Woodside, NY 1377 • •
CUSTOM SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS INC., Whippany, NJ 07981 • •
DAVCO, Davco Industries Inc., Thomasville, GA 31792 • •
DDS RO-DIVISION (DE DANSKE SUKKERFABRIKKER), Nakskov, Denmark DK-4900 •
DEDERT CORPORATION, Olympia Fields, IL 60461 • • •
DELTA POLLUTION CONTROL INC., Issaquah, Washington 98027 •
DENVER EQUIPMENT, Div. of Joy Mfg., Colorado Springs, CO 80901 • •
DIAMOND MFG. CO ., Sub. Diamond Cons. Ind. Inc., West Wyoming, PA 18644 • •
DORR-OLIVER, Stamford, CT 06904 A-45 • • • • • •
DOLLINGER CORPORATION, Rochester, NY 14692 • •
DOVER CORP., OPW Div., Cincinnati, OH 45240 •
DOVER CORP, Ronningen-Petter Div., Portaqe, MI • • •
DOW FABRICATED PRODUCTS, Midland, MI 48640 •
DRAVO, Recovery Systems, Piitsburqh, PA 15225 •
DUPPS CORP., Germantown, OH 45327 •
DURIRON CO. INC., Durco Filtration Systems Div., Dayton, OH 45401 A-46 • •
EAGLE IRON WORKS, Des Moines, IA 50304 • •
EAGLE PICHER INDUSTRIES INC., Mineral Div., Cincinnati, OH 45202 •
EIMCO, Molded Products Co., Salt Lake City, UT 84110 •
EIMCO, Process Equipment Co., Salt Lake City, UT 84110 • • • •
ELLIS & WATTS, Dynamics Corp. of Arrier., Cincinnati, OH 45244 • •
ENDUSTRA FILTER MFG., Schererville, IN 46375 • •
ENVIRO-OLEAR CO. INC. Div. of Amstar Corp., Somerville, N.J. 08876 • •
ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS CORP., Baltimore, MD 21203 • • •
ERIEZ MAGNETICS, Erie, PA 16514 • •
FACET ENTERPRISES INC., Industrial Filler Products Div., Tulsa, OK 74150 •
FERGUSON PERFORATING & WIRE CO. INC., Providence, RI 02905 • •
FERRO CORP., Refractories Div., East Rochester, NY 14445 • •
FILTER SPECIALISTS INC., Michigan City, IN 46360 • • • • •
FILTERITE CORP. TECHNETICS, Brunswick Corp., Timonium, MD 21093 A-41 •
FILTRATEC CORP. OF AMERICA, East Gereenwich, RI 02818
FILTRATION EQUIPMENT CO., Greenville, SC 29607 •
FILTRATION SCIENCES CORP., Eaton Diheman Div., Mt. Holly Springs, PA 17065 •
FINITE FILTER CO. INC., Oxford, MI 48051 • • • •
FLAKT INC., Enviromental Systems Div., Knoxville, TN 37901 • • •
FLANDERS FILTERS INC., Washington, NC 27889 •
FLUID FILTRATION SYSTEMS, Div. of Marley Co., El Monte, CA 91732 • •
FLUID SYSTEMS OF UOP, Div. of Signal Corp., San Diego, CA 92131 •
FMC CORP, Lansdale, PA 19446 • • •
FORSBERGS INC., Thief River Falls, MI 56701 • •
S.G. FRANTZ CO. INC., Trenton, NJ 08606 •
GALA INDUSTRIES, INC., South Charleston, WV 25309 • •
GASTON COUNTY DYEING MACHINE CO., Stanley, NC 28164 • •
GELMAN SCIENCES INC., Ann Arbor, MI 48106 • •
GENERAL FILTER CO., Ames, IA 50010 • • •
C. GOODMAN & CO., Paterson, NJ 07501 • •
W. L. GORE & ASSOC. INC., Elkton, MD 21921 • •
GOUGH ECON INC., Charlotte, NC 28266 •

69
 1
♦ GREMIGAL ENGINEERING SRECMI.OVERTiSMG SEGTiOM

Pretre atme nt Che m ic a ls

Sep arators, Wire Mes h

Separation Eq u ip me nt
1 ,4 111 I)

Filter Aids &Media

Filter Bag s & C loth

Stra iners, Sc reens,

I j,

Othe r Solid/ Liqu id

&Pe rforatedPlate
Adve rtiser Reade r

Filter Eq u ip ment
Se rvice Nu mbe r
:

-,* ration

&Equ ipmen t
Ce ntrifuges

Cla rifiers
GRAVER CO. Water Div., Union, NJ 07060 • • •
GREAT WESTERN MFG. CO INC., Leavenworth, KS 66048 • •
GREEN BAY FOUNDRY & MACHINE WORKS, Green Bay, WI 54306 • • • • •
GREFCO, INC., Torrance, CA 90509 •
HARMSCO INDUSTRIAL FILTERS, North Palm Beach, FL 33408 •
HARSHAW, Filtrol Partnership, Cleveland, OH 44106 •
HAYWARD INDUSTRIAL, PRODUCTS, Elizabeth, NJ 07207 •
HEINKEL IND. CENTRIFUGES, G. Brimmekump & Co., Stamford, CT 06092 •
HEIST ENGINEERING, Wilmington, NC 28405 •
HENDRICK SCREEN CO., Owensboro, KY 42301 • • • •
HEYL & PATTERSON, INC. Pittsburge, PA 15230 • • • •
HILLIARD CORP., Elmira, NY 14902 • •
HOESCH INDUSTRIES INC Wharton, NJ 07885 • •
S. HOWES CO. INC., Silver Creek, NY 14136 •
HUMBOLDT WEDAG, Div. of Deutz Corp., Atlanta(Norcross), GA 30092 • •
HYCOR CORP. Lake Bluff, IL 60044 • •
HYTREX, Div. of Osmonics Inc., Minnetonka, MN 55343 • •
HYDROMATION CO., Livonia, MI 48150 • • •
ICI AMERICAS, INC Wilmington, DE 19897 •
IDREX INC., Frankfort, IL 60423 •
ILLINOIS WATER TREATMENT CO., Rockford, IL 61105 • •
INDUSTRIAL FABRICS CORP., Minneapolis, MI 52428 • • •
INDUSTRIAL FELTER & PUMP MFG. CO ., Cicero, IL 60650 • • •
INDUSTRIAL MAGNETICS INC., Troy, MI 48084 • •
INDUSTRIAL WASTES INTERNATIONAL, Leakwood, KS 66206 • •
INFILCO DEGREMONT INC., Richmond, VA 23229 • • • •
INGERSOLL RAND CO Nashua, NH 03061 • • • •
JWI INC., Holland, MI 49423 • •
JAYGO INC., Mahwah, NJ 07430 •
JEFFREY MFG., Div. of Dresser Ind., Greenville, SC 29602 • • •
JOHNSON DIV. OF UOP., Div. of Signal Corp., St. Paul, MI 55164 • • •
KASON CORP, Newark, NJ 07108 A - 48 •
KENNECOTT CORP., Carforundum Filters Div., Lebanon, IN 46052 • •
KENNECOTT CORP., Eldon Products Div., Avondale, PA 19311 •
KINERGY CORP., Louisville, KY 40218 • •
KEYSTONE SENECA WIRE CLOTH CO., Hanover, PA 17331 • • •
KING MANUFACTURING CO., Cincinnati , OH 45223 •
KOCH ENGINEERING CO., Fairfield, NJ 07006 • •
KOMBNE-SANDERSON ENGINEERING, Peapack, NJ 07977 •
KOPPERS CO. Sprout Waldren Div., Muncy, PA 11776 • •
KRAUSS MAFFEI CORP., Wichita, KS 67277 • • •
KREBS, Menlo Park. CA 94025 •
KROFTA ENG. CORP., Lenox, MA 01240 •
LAKESIDE EQUIP. CORP., Bartlett, IL 60103 • • •
LAMPORTS FILTER MEDIA, INC Cleveland OH 44114 •
LAROX INC., Columbia, MD 21045 •
LA WATER TREATMENT CORP., City of Industry, CA 91749 • • • •
LUDLOW-SAYLER, Div. of Lukins General Industries, St. Louis, MO 63114 • •
MACI CORP., So El Monte, CA 91733 •
MACK IRON WORKS CO., Sandusky, OH 44870 •
MAGNETIC PRODUCTS INC., Walled Lake, MI 48088 •
MANVILLE FILTRATION & MINERALS, Denver, CO 80217 •
MASS TRANSFER, INC., Houston, TX 77040 •
MATESON CHEMICAL CORP., Philadelphia, PA 19125 •
MEMBRANA, INC., Pleasanton, CA 94566 • • •
MEMTEX CORP., Waburn, MA 01801 • •
METAL-KATCHER CO., Louisville, KY 40299 •
METAL-CLADDING, INC., Weplate Div., North Tonawanda, NY 14120 •
MET-PRO CORP., Systems Div., Hatfield, PA 19440 •
MET-PRO, Harleysville, PA 19438 • • • •
MICHIGAN DYNAMICS INC., Garden City, MI 48135 • • •
 Pretreatmen t C he m ica ls
Sep arators, Wire Mes h

Separation Eq u ip me nt
• ...1, ENGINE.. SPECIAL •DVERLISING SECTIOH

Filter Aids & Me d ia

Filter Bag s & Clot h

Stra iners, Sc ree ns,

Other Solid/ Liq u id

&Pe rtorated Plate
Advertiser Reader
1 414. ' 1 II II ) ..1:::..‘1

Filter Eq u ip ment
1

Service Numbe r
'

--, t'i l). .1:1

& Equipme nt
'

Ce ntrifuges
parution

sin ii!JE 10
-

MICRON INDUSTRIES, Toledo, OH 43606 •

MIDWESTERN INDUSTRIES, Massillon, OH 44646 •
MIKRO PUL CORP., Div. of US Filter Corp., Summit, NJ 07901 •
MILLIPORE, Bedford, MA 07130 •
MODERN FILTERS, INC., Joliet, IL 60436 • •
MONARCH MFG. WORKS INC., Philadelphia, PA 19134 •
MONLAN CORP., Div. of Kalcon, Lebanon, IN 46052 • • • • • • •
MOTT METALLURGICAL CORP., Farmington, CT 06032 A 49 •
MUELLER STEAM SPECIALTY, Lumberton, NC •
MULTI-FAB INC., Harrison, NJ 07029 • •
NORTH AMERICAN-HERCULES, Div. of Multi-Metal, Tappan, NY 19083 • • •
MUNDT PERFORATIONS INC., Greening Donald, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ 07080 •
NALCO CHEM. CO. Oak Brook, IL 60521 •
NATIONAL FILTER MEDIA CORP., Hamden, CT 06514 • •
NATIONAL PERFORATING CORP., Clinton, MA 01510 •
NATIONAL STANDARD CO., Corbin, NY 40701 •
NATIONAL TECHNICAL SERVICES, Corvallis, OR 97333 • • • • •
NEPTUNE MICROFLOC, Div. of Signal Corp., Corvallis, OR 97339 • • • • •
NETZSCH INC., Elton, PA 19341-1393 •
NEWARK WIRE CLOTH, Newark, NJ 07104 • •
NEW BRUNSWICK SCIENTIFIC, Edison, NJ 08818 • •
NORDIFA AB, Halmstad, Sweden •
NOWATA FILTRTATION, Div. of NMW, Inc., Nowata, OK 74048 • •
NUCLYSORE CORP., Pleasanton, CA 94566 • •
WM. W. NUGENT & CO., Skokie, IL 60076 • • •
OKIE PROCESS EQUIPMENT INC., Hamburg, NY 14075 •
ORANGE RESEARCH INC., Milford, CT 06460 •
P & S FILTRATION, Skaneateles Falls, NY 13153 • •
PALL CORP, Process Filtration Group, Cortland, NY 13045 • • •
PALL CORP., Ultrafine Filtration Group, Glen Cove, NY 11542 • • • • • •
PALLELEX PRODUCTS INC., Putnam, CT 06260 • • • •
PARKER HANNIFIN CORP., Metamora, OH 43540 • • •
PARSON CORP., Fort Lauderdale, FL 33340 • • •
PATTERSON INDUSTRIES, INC., East Liverpool, OH 43920 •
PENN SEPARATOR CORP., Brookville, PA 15825 • •
PENNSYLVANIA GLASS SAND CORP., Pittsburgh, PA 15237 • • •
PERRIN, Ajax, Ontario, Canada L1S2G7 • •
PERRY EQUIPMENT CO. (PECO), Mineral Welles, TX 76067-0640 A 50 •
PHASEX, Nashua, NH 03060 •
PLAST-O-MATIC VALVES, INC., Totowa, NJ 07512 •
POLYSCIENCE CORP., Niles, IL 60648 • •
PRATER INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, Chicago, IL 60650 •
PROCESS EFFICIENCY PROD. INC., Los Angeles, CA 90039 • •
PURE-AIRE, Sullair, Atlanta, GA 30341
R & B FILTRATION SYSTEMS, Div. of Konus Systems, Marietta, GA 30067 •
RAMCO, INC San Pedro, CA 90733-0550 •
EDW RENNEBURG & SONS, Baltimore, MD 21224 •
RENOLD INC., Westfield, NY 14787 •
REXNORD, INC., Envirex Inc., Div. of, Waukesha, WI 53186 •
REXNORD, INC., T. J. Gundlach, Belleville, IL 62222 •
ROBATEL, INC., Pittsfield, MA 01201 •
ROLOCK CORP., Fairfield, CT 06430 •
ROMICON INC., Woburn, MA 01801 • • •
RONNIGIN PETTER DIV., Dover Corp Portage, MI 49081 A-51 •
RON-VIK INC., Minneapolis, MI 55416 • • •
ROSEDALE PRODUCTS, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 • • •
ROSEMUND INC., Charlotte, NC 28028 • •
ROTEX INC., Cincinnati, OH 45223 A-52 •
BOYAL WIRE PRODUCTS, Norfh Royalton, OH 44133 •
R-P & C VALVE, Div. of White Cons. Ind., Fairview, PA 16415 •
SANBORN ASSOC. INC Wrentham, MASS 02093 •
 Claritie rs
A ONDA., ENGNEEAING SPECIAL •DVEATONG SEC,.

I I k%). 1 j II II) . ,11,1

'1 V' llip IV

&Equ ipmen t
Separuion
t

Pretrea tmen t Che m ic a ls

' - - -

Sepa ra tors, Wire Mes h

Sep ara t ion Eq u ip me nt

Filter Aids & Med ia

Filter Bag s &Clo th

Stra iners, Screens,

Adve rt iser Reader

& Pe rtora ted Plate

Other Solidniq u id
Service Nu mbe r

Filter Eq uipmen t
Cen trifuges
SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS, Div. of Amicon Corp., Danvers, MA 01923 • • •
SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS INC., State College, PA 16801 •
SEPARMATIC FILTER CO., Div. of SEC Corp., Milwaukee, WI 53218 •
SERCK BAKER INC Huntington Beach, CA 92649 • •
SERFILCO LTD, Glenview, IL 60025 • • • • • •
SHAMOKIN FILLER CO. INC., Shamokin, PA 18974 •
SHARPLES - STOKES, Div. of Penn Walt Corp., Warminster, PA 18974 A-53 • •
SOUTHERN METAL PROCESSING CO. Oxford, AL •
SNC INC., Controls Southeast, Charlotte, NC •
SPARKLER FILTERS INC., Conroe, TX 77305 •
D.R. SPERRY & CO North Aurora, IL 60542 • •
SPRAYING SYSTEMS CO., Wheaton, IL 60188 •
STAR SYSTEMS FILTRATION DIV., Timmonsville, SC 29161 A-54 • • • •
STRAIGHT LINE FILTERS, INC„ Wilmington, DE 19899 •
STRAINERS, INC., Houston, TX 77041 •
SUMMIT FILTER CORP., Summit, NJ 07901 •
SUPERPRESSURE, INC. Silver Spring, MD 20910 •
SWECO, INC., Los Angeles, CA 90051 • •
SWEDE FILTER SYSTEMS SFS, Miami Lakes, FL 33014 • • • • •
TAMFELT OY, Tampere 10, Finland SF-33101 •
TATE TEMCO INC. Baltimore, MD 21227 •
TECHNICAL FABRICATORS INC., Piscataway, NJ 08854 • • •
TEMA INC., Cincinnati, OH 45242 A-55 • •
TETKO INC., Elmsford, NY 10523 • •
HR TEXTRON, Pacoima, CA 91331 •
TLB CORP, Newington, CT 06111 • • • •
TSK/TSUKI SHIMA KIKAI CO.,LTD., Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan •
UNIQUE WIRE WEAVING CO. INC., Hillside, NJ 07205 • • • •
VELCON FILTERS INC., San Jose, CA 95112 •
VIKING PUMP, Div. of Houdaille Ind. Inc., Cedar Falls, IA 50613 •
VILTER MFG. CORP., Milwaukee, WI 53207 • •
VORTI-SIV, Salem, OH 44460 • •
WAYNE PRODUCTS INC., Wayne, PA 19087 •
WAYNE WIRE CLOTH PRODUCTS, INC., Kalkaska, MI 49646 • • •
WEAMCO, Tulsa, OK 74157 • •
WELLS PRODUCTS CORP., Roscoe, IL 61073 • • • •
WEMCO, Sacramento, CA 95852 • •
WESTERN STATES MACHINE CORP., Hamilton, OH 45012 • •
WESTVACO, Chemical Div., Covington, VA 24426 •
WHATMAN, INC., Clifton, NJ 07014 • •
WIEGARD EVAPORATORS INC., Columbia, MD 21045 • •
WINSTON MANUFACTURING CORP., Longview, TX 75608 •
WITCO CHEMICAL, New York, NY 10022 A-55 •
ZURN INDUSTRIES, Fluid Handling Div., Erie, PA 16501 •
ZURN INDUSTRIES, Permutit Co., Inc., Paramus, NJ 07652 • • •
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

1,91109111:1
SULIDS
Separation
COMPANY BRIEFS
The following section provides informa- their products and services, circle the
tion on individual companies that manu- number at the end of the writeup on the
facturer liquid/solids separation equip- special section reader service card at
ment. For more detailed information on the end of the section.

R.P. Adams side to inside. Filtrate passes through

Filter Systems and Strainers
Quality construction, design simplic-
ity, and flexible operating rates are fea-
tures of the new Adams Uni-Matic filter
system—a modular, tubular filter with in-
terchangeable cartridges that can effi-
ciently handle capacities from 25 to 600
gallons per minute. The new unit can be
ordered in a variety of construction ma-
terials from carbon steel to specialty
stainless steels and alloys to fit process
conditions. Linings—for example, rub-
ber, lead, or fiberglass—are also avail-
able.
Controls for this new unit are based on
solid-state technology for reliability and
dependability. Filtration capabilities in
the range of 10 to 1,500 microns are
possible, depending on the characteris-
tics and specifications of the filter ele-
ment (cartridge). These are available in
porous ceramic, carbon, metal, or wo-
ven fabric.
Uni-Matic joins a large family of Ad-
ams products that include the compa-
ny's automatic water strainer for cooling
towers. By removing solids as small as
0.005 inch, the strainer, which features
automatic backwash, virtually eliminates
clogging and downtime.
For information, contact R.P. Adams
Co., 225 East Park Dr., Buffalo, NY
14240.
Circle No. A35
perforations in the inner cylinder; liquid
passes to the center, where it is si-
phoned away. Operation commences
with the rubber bladder dilated against
the outer casing. A slurry charge enters
and fills the central core, whereupon a
hydraulic fluid (usually water, to mini-
mize contamination) enters between the
outer case and the bladder. The bladder
expands inward, and filtration com-
mences. This continues until all liquid
drains away.
A filter cake forms on the inner cylin-
der, which is lowered (about 12 inches)
so that an air blast can knock off the
cake. The inner cylinder then returns to
its starting position, and the cycle starts
again.
A number of chemical process indus-
tries have opted for the HPTFP based on
increased production per man-hour
(versus alternatives), low maintenance
and downtime, and energy savings due
to elimination or reduction of thermal
drying. Cake solids can run as high as
70 to 90% in plants that make or process
clays, calcium carbonate, stearates,
coal, iron oxide, phosphates, lead com-
pounds, polymer wastes, starches, talc,
and titanium dioxide. The unit works
equally well in pollution control systems.
For information, contact Alfa-Dyne
Inc., 29085 Solon Rd., Cleveland, OH
44139.
Circle No. A36
more than 14,000 gravities, making it
ideal for fine-particle separation and liq-
uid polishing applications. It separates,
compacts, and periodically ejects fine
solids. It is fully automatic for continuous
operation. Since it uses no filter aid, it
can be used for separations where the
solids are the valuable product. As com-
pared with a precoat filter, the AX215
saves money by eliminating the costs of
filter aid and its disposal, as well as by
reducing product loss.
The AX215 is well suited for liquid pol-
ishing and , fine-particle harvesting in
chemical and pharmaceutical applica-
tions. A number of units of the predeces-
sor AX213 model, the first industrial-
scale centrifuge capable of separating
particles down to submicron size (as
small as 0.5 microns), are in successful
operation on biotechnology applications
such as vaccines, enzymes, and geneti-
cally engineered bacteria in the United
States and abroad. Other applications
include insulin, fine chemicals, and bev-
erages such as wine and beer.
For information, contact Alfa-Laval,
2115 Linwood Ave., Fort Lee, NJ 07024.
Circle No. A37

Alfa-Dyne Inc. Alfa-Laval, Inc.

Tube Filter Press
High-pressure filtration (2,000 psig)
has become a reality with the develop-
ment of a unique tube filter press whose
product is a hard, dry, dust-free cake.
Manufactured in North America by Alfa-
Dyne Inc., the high-pressure tube filter
press (HPTFP) consists of three concen-
tric cylinders: an outer hydraulic casing,
an elastomeric membrane (bladder),
and an inner cylinder (filter candle) cov-
ered with filter felt and cloth.
Filtration is accomplished from out-
Biotech Separator
Alfa-Laval, noted for its continuous ad-
vances in separation technology, has in-
troduced its new AX215 centrifugal
separator, which has important advan-
tages in biotechnology, pharmaceutical,
chemical, and beverage applications.
Compared to previous units, the new
equipment features a larger bowl with
more intermediate disks, giving a 27%
higher capacity and 44% greater solids
holding space. The AX215 develops a
peripheral centrifugal acceleration of
AMF Cuno
Microfilters and New Cartridges
A company that holds grandfather
rights in cartridge and filter technology is
AMF Cuno, a recognized leader in this
industry. However, the company is con-
tinuing to reach for higher standards and
to develop innovative products. In the
past year five major additions have been
added to the product line, including new
disposable and cleanable cartridges
and housings. These developments in-
clude coatable, lineable, and removable

76
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECiAL ADVER"PSNG SFCTION

LIQUID
M'UDS
Alfa-Dyne's
3eparation
TUBE FILTER PRESS
housings, new cartridge materiais (acry-
lic/melamine units), and zeta-potential
filters and membranes.
AMF Cuno is pioneering zeta-potential
penen moler cake solías
filter development, which is based on a
charge-modification process. The tech-
nology combines electrokinetic adsorp-
tion with mechanical sieving to set new
standards in filtration efficiencies. Just
AUTOMATICALLY
four years ago, the company introduced • SAVES ENERGY IN /
Zetapor TM, the first charge-modified THE DRYING PROCESS
membrane (CMM), and recentiy they re- • REMOVES TWICE THE
vealed a CMM "matrix"' that proves to MOISTURE AS
have greater efficiencies and additional COMPETITIVE UNITS
microfiltration applications.
• MAINTAINS CONSIST-
The principie of zeta-potential filtration
ENT MOISTURE
is based on filter media having a positive CONTENT
charge in a solution. Virtually all contami-
nants exhibit a negative charge in solu- • INCREASES
tion, so that a charged media matrix PRODUCTION PER
electrokinetically adsorbs particulates MAN-HOUR
that are too small for removal by me- • REDUCES MAINTE-
chanical straining. NANCE — DECREASES
In summary, AMF Cuna continues to DOWN TIME
make standard filter cartridges and • RUNS RELIABLY
housings for process applications, pollu- YEAR AFTER YEAR
tion control, water treatment, and liquid-
/solids separation. In addition, the zeta
products are available to meet the strict High solid content cake is shown being separated
requirements of biotechnology and of automatically from the filter cylinder at the end of a
drug and food industries in accordance cycle on the Alfa-Dyne Tube Press.
with FDA regulations.
One cartridge, the ER Grade, is the High solid cake product is automatically separated from the filter at the end
of each cycle. For many products cake solids content regularly runs as high as
most efficient membrane filter cartridge
70 to 80 per cent. The Alfa-Dyne Tube Press – is ideal for chemicals, coal,
ever offered to the eiectronics industry. It foodstuffs, minerals, ceramics, plastics, resins, cement, dyestuffs, waste and
is specifically designed for critica) high- sanitary applications.
purity water filtration and is tested and
fiushed before shipment with 18-meg- • DECREASES COST
• INCREASES PRODUCTION
ohm-cm water.
• IMPROVES PRODUCT
For information, contact AMF Cuno,
400 Research Pkwy., Meriden, CT In fact, with a combination of the Alfa-Dyne Tube
06450. Press and Enton`" dryer, your product can
be reduced from a slurry to the exact moisture
Circle No. A38
content desired — at one-third less energy than
ever before!
Artisan Industries Inc. Seeing is believing. Alfa-Dyne's pilot plant
Continuous Filtration permits your engineers to test your products in

1 Alfa-Dyne, Inc.
advance to establish cycle time, optimum
The Artisan Continuous Filter (ACF) moisture content, product texture and pressures
for the processing industry can minimize required. Pressures up to 1,500 psi are possible.
or reduce many of the costiy operations Cali or write today for a demonstration.
associated with filtration and post-filtra- Watch Alfa-Dyne's Tube Press work
tion hardware. Typically, the ACF unit re- ... and work ... and work, reliably,
quires less operator attention, and- consistently, economically. You'll believe!
because it is a different kind of filtering
device—eliminates the manual opera-
tions of cake removal and transfer and
the labor required for cleaning and filter-
cloth repiacement.
ACF employs a newly patented and
unique operating principie of filtration of
the slurry particuiates themseives. The 29085 SOLON RD, CLEVELAND, OHIO 44139.216/248-8212
filter is a truiy continuous liquid /solids
Circle A 24 on Reader Service Card
-

77
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LEM1113
SOLIDS
Separation
separator, since the feed slurry rate is
flow-controlled and the filtrate and solids
are removed in a steady-state operating
mode. The thickened cake flows (ex-
trudes) out of the machine through a
modulated, air-operated diaphragm-
type control valve.
The filter is totally enclosed, operating
at pressures up to 300 psig under
steady-state conditions. Filtrates are
sparkling clear and contain as little as
0.5 ppm suspended solids. Typical ap-
plications are for chemical recovery, pol-
lution control, mineral processing,
pigment manufacture, pesticides manu-
facture, hydroxides, pharmaceuticals,
specialty chemicals, dyes, polymers,
and other inorganics and petrochemi-
cals. Filter efficiencies vary depending
on the materials handled, but, as an ex-
ample, clay slurries of 30% solids leave
the unit as a thick, 68% solids paste. Pi-
lot-plant models are available for testing.
Artisan also manufactures dynamic
thickeners and liquid/liquid extraction
units for use in CPI applications.
For information, contact Artisan Indus-
tries, 73 Pond St., Waltham, MA 02154.
Circle No. A39
Bird Machine Company, Inc.
Separator Specialists
Whether for filters or centrifuges, Bird
has extensive liquid/solids separation
experience. Backed by a support staff in
the manufacturing plant and by technical
service in the field, the company offers a
broad range of repair facilities, an exten-
sive parts inventory, and an R&D center
where pilot tests can be run on filters and
centrifuges prior to purchase.
The company builds a variety of sepa-
ration equipment that includes rotary
vacuum filters, pusher centrifuges, hori-
zontal vacuum filters, tilting-pan vacuum
filters, continuous horizontal centrifuges,
and other liquid/solids separation
equipment.
Bird engineers stress service and so-
lutions to liquid/solids separation prob-
lems and concentrate on building
equipment that is reliable yet competi-
tively priced.
The company supplies separation
equipment to a number of the chemical
process industries for use in both organ-
ic and inorganic processing, as well as
for production of minerals and municipal
applications.

Four filtration mistakes

Filtration mistakes waste millions of dollars every year.They even one-micron filters because they think finer is better. But
may be wasting money in your plant right now. Here are four that's not always true. If they realized that one-micron filtration
common mistakes to avoid. typically costs about eight times as much as 20-micron filtra-
tion, they'd probably stop overfiltering—and quit overspending.
1. Buying more filter
‘t than you need.
Many people make
2. Using the wrong kind of filter.
Choosing a filter media can be
the m istake of confusing.There are wound
cfyn
S Pe g fiv e, fiber medias, pleated medias,
three, or cleanable metallics and

0 40,0
411.010
resin-bonded fibers—to
name a few. Each
has strengths and
weaknesses, and

411:011 010000100, each may solve

your problem. But
the wrong choice
can triple your costs.
A filtration specialist (like your
Filterite supplier) can guide
you to the most cost-effective
solution.

78
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LE
Bird horizontal vacuum filters have nu-
merous applications in petrochemi-
cals—for example, dyestuffs and related
color chemicals, pigments, and pharma-
ceuticals. Advanced design features
minimize the need for operator supervi-
sion and permit continuous multistage
countercurrent washing. Units can be
hooded or completely enclosed for use
with hazardous materials. Modular con-
struction can accommodate virtually un-
limited length.
For information, contact Bird Machine
Company, Inc., Neponset St., South
Walpole, MA 02071.
Circle No. A40
Brunswick Technetics
Filterite
Cartridge Filters
Filterite, Fluid Dynamics and Mem-
brane-Filter Products, the Filtration Sys-
tems Group of Brunswick Technetics, is
-
LIDS
eparation
the world's largest manufacturer ,and
distributor of cartridge filters. The prod-
uct line, also the most extensive in the
world, consists of:
• Wound-fiber filter cartridges, 0.5 to
200 microns nominal.
• Resin-bonded filter cartridges, 5 to
200 microns nominal.
• Pleated fibrous-media filter cartridges,
0.2 to 50 microns nominal.
• Absolute-rated membrane filter car-
tridges, 0.1 to 0.45 microns absolute.
• Cleanable and back-flushable metallic
filter cartridges, 3 to 200 microns nomi-
nal.
• A complete line of standard and engi-
neered housings for every cartridge fil-
tration requirement.
Each cartridge is manufactured by
Brunswick with proprietary media. The
superiority of the proprietary media, con-
sistent overall quality, and a wide range
of media and configurations are unique
offerings that provide customers with
optimum, cost-effective solutions to fil-
tration problems.
For information, contact Brunswick
Technetics Filtration Systems, 2033
Greenspring Dr., Timonium, MD 21093.
Circle No. A41
Buckbee-Mears
Sieves and Perforated Metal
Accurate particle sizing is made pos-
sible when sieves and perforated metal
are manufactured to close tolerances
and specified thickness. These features
are available using stainless steel perfo-
rated plate manufactured by Buckbee-
Mears, now an operation of Interconics,
a unit of BMC Industries. The company's
Micro-Mesh TM sieves guarantee separa-
tion down to 5 microns for special appli-
cations.

(And how to avoid them)

3. Changing filters 4. Buying from a supplier
too soon —or too late. with a limited line.
When should you change A salesman with a limited line
filters? Many people use a must sell you what he has-
fixed schedule. They end up which may not be what you
replacing them before- need. And chances are, he
or after—it's necessary. won't have the expertise to
Filters should be changed provide prompt, sound
when the pressure advice. Moral: work with a
drop across the specialist who carnes a
cartridge builds to broad line.You won't
a certain level- regret it.
35 psid in most
cases. If you install
pressure gauges
next to each filter, r ho Want more information on how to filter
you'll never have better and save money, too? Write or call
CartMge
to guess. Filtraon for a free 24 page copy of the Cartridge
Guide
Filtration Guide, Filterite, 2033 Greenspring
Drive, Timonium, MD 21093.
Tel: 301 252-0800 TLX: 87-670

Filterite cartridges and housings are part of a fulano of filtration products. Other products and
services are offered through Fluid Dynamics Membrane Filler Products and Wintec—all part
of the Filtration Systems Business of Brunswick Technetic,s. For more information call
1-800-F1LTERS; in Illinois call 1-800-572-3337
© Copyright 1983 Brunswick Corporation
:1:111: Ez1V1
TECHNETICS
ron
FILTERfTE
Circle A 25 on Reader Service Card
-

79
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LICITAD
SOLIDS
Separation
Buckbee-Mears all-stainless Micro-Etch TM plate also pro-
vides membrane support for catalysts and tower internals,
and acts as part of filtration systems that require assured par-
ticle removal to obtain quality control. This includes the manu-
facture of textiles as part of the pre-spinneret system, filter
systems for electronic fluids, and hi-tech chemical purifica-
tion. Micro-Etch screen is available with conical holes that
clean easily by backflushing. This can be an important feature
in solids recovery that includes the use of precipitates and
filter aids.
For information, contact Interconics/Buckbee-Mears Op-
eration, 245 East 6th St., 6th floor, St. Paul, MN 55101.
Circle No. A42
Cambridge Wire Cloth
Continuous-Welded Wire Cloth
An advanced manufacturing technique is now part of the
production operations at Cambridge Wire Cloth Co. Called
Continuweld TM , it is a continuously welded fabrication tech-
nique for filter leaf. Leaf construction is adaptable to fit most
standard filter units, and contains no sealers or other prod-
ucts to contaminate the filtrate. The filter leaf is made leak-
proof by continuously welding the wire cloth to a solid bar
frame.
The smooth surface provided by the solid bar frame facili-
tates cake discharge. Continuweld provides strength and
long life under rugged operating conditions and is easily re-
conditioned by removing the outer wire cloth and welding
new cloth to the frame.
In addition to filter leaves,
Cambridge fabricates wire-cloth
parts in any shape or size, in any
metal or alloy, tailored to fit pro-
cess needs in new or replace-
ment capacities. Special em-
phasis is placed on proper
design -and precise construction
to ensure long and satisfactory
service. Cambridge's complete
fabrication department is backed
by engineering and design facili-
ties. A wide range of specifica-
tions and materials are available to meet specific operating
requirements such as retention, rigidity, corrosion resistance,
and changeability. Square-opening wire cloth ranges from 1
inch by 1 inch to 500 mesh. Oblong and twilled weaves are
also available, as well as a complete line of woven-wire ultra-
fine meshes down to 5-micron retention.
Wire-cloth fabricated parts include all types of replacement
filter leaves for standard industrial pressure filters. Cam-
bridge will submit recommendations and designs to meet
customer requirements at no obligation.

Our tough For information, contact Cambridge

Wire Cloth, Company, P.O. Box 399,
Cambridge, MD 21613.
new filter housings Circle No. A43

are nothing special. Commercial Filters

AMF Cuno Type CP Cartridge Filter Housings
for corrosive conditions. Standard and in stock.
Get the rugged housing your environ-
ment demands without going through
the expense and long delivery time of a
special design.
❑ 200 and 300 PSI nominally rated
housings with 1/8" corrosion allowance
(higher ratings at lower or "0" allowance)
❑ Flow rates up to 1000 GPM
❑ SAE516 GR70 carbon steel
❑ ASME Code construction and certifiable
A wide range of housings and filters are
available to meet your needs. For more
information, contact AMF Cuno General
Filter Products Division,
400 Research Parkway,
Meriden, CT 06450.
In CT, (203) 237-5541.
Other areas, (800) 243-6894. Cuno
Circle A 26 on Reader Service Card
-
Inventory and Stocking Program
Anticipating renewed growth and re-
covery in the CPI, Commercial Filters is in
the process of instituting a novel MRP/IM
(materials requirement planning/inven-
tory management) program for 1984.
The concept is based on a stocking pro-
gram that matches the company's filter
cartridge and standard filter vessel in-
ventaries to announced plans and pro-
jects (plus the replacement market) in 1
the CPI. The stocking program is de-
ti
signed for quick turnaround of customer
orders and to provide backup inventory c
of the commonly used filter media, car- n
tridges, and vessels. a
At the center of the MRP/IM program tc
is the broad and versatile line of Fulflo TM o
depthcarigs.T evalbin
various materials of construction to fit a
process and corrosion conditions. This
includes cotton, rayon, polypropylene, d
acetate fiber, FRP, and glass fiber. di
The stock of Fulflo filter vessels, stan- el
dard multicartridge vessels, and bag ves- th
sels is being aligned to offer the CPI and ar

80
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LIQUED
SOLIDS
Separation
other industries a variety of options.
The company is also engaged in making custom-engi-
neered or special vessels for high temperatures and flow-
rates and for pressure ratings up to 3,000 psi.
For information, contact Commercial Filters, P.O. Box
1300, Lebanon, IN 46052.
Circle No. A44
Dorr-Oliver
Dorr-Oliver has earned a worldwide reputation for its tech-
nical expertise as a producer of quality products for treating
solids suspended in liquids or gases. The company's
strength lies in producing state-of-the-art equipment and sys-
tems and in providing solutions to problems involving fluid/
particle dynamics for the process industries.
In addition, the company's process engineers are avail-
able to help customers choose the proper equipment to solve
particular problems.
For about 80 years, Dorr-Oliver has been recognized as an
innovator with a broad line of products designed to solve li-
quid/solids separation problems. Dorr-Oliver equipment is
capable of thickening, dewatering, or clarifying solid materi-
als removed from liquid or gases.
Filtration
The Dorr-Oliver rotary drum filter has been the standard-
setter in the process industries ever since 1907, when E.L.
Oliver developed the first successful vacuum filter, which
was used in the processing of gold slimes.
Today there's a Dorr-Oliver vacuum filter available to meet
any dewatering requirement. The filter line includes rotary
drum, precoat belt, disk, pan, and plastic-construction filters.
Each filter is designed to do the most energy-saving and effi-
cient job of dewatering. Dorr-Oliverialso offers several types
of pressure filters.
Dorr-Oliver filters are being used in several process indus-
tries. For example, the metallurgical disk filter dewaters taco-
nite and coal. Plastic filters handle corrosive liquors. Vacuum
filters are used as pulp and bleach washers. The Dorrco filter
is being used effectively for dewatering and washing sand/
slime mixtures containing a segregating fraction.
Thickeners
Ever since J.V.N. Dorr invented the continuous-process
thickener at the turn of the century, Dorr-Oliver has been rec-
ognized as the world leader in sedimentation process tech-
nology, offering a broad range of thickening equipment and
accessories. The range is from a 5-foot-diameter pilot model
to a 500-foot-diameter Superthickener operating at torques
of 4 million foot-pounds.
Dorr-Oliver thickeners are designed to meet the service
and reliability demands of specific applications.
For example, thickeners designed for the metallurgical in-
dustries for processing tailings are constructed for heavy-
duty performance. The unusually high underflow densities
encountered in this service require maximum strength
throughout the thickener—from drivehead gearing to rake
arms and rake lifting devices.
Ultrafiltration
Dorr-Oliver has been a pioneer in ultrafiltration, a practical,
cost-effective technology for making molecular separations.
Ultrafiltration is a process in which a semipermeable mem-
brane filter separates the components of liquid/solids mix-
tures according to size. It is being used advantageously in
such applications as low- or high-volume concentration and
purification of proteins, interferon, antibodies, hormones,
and enzymes; clarification of viral suspensions and purifica-
tion of viruses for vaccines; pyrogen removal from glucose,
amino acids, and parenterals in aqueous mixtures; and fer-
mentation-broth clarification before and alter fermentation.
Ultrafiltration is a viable alternative to more-conventional
liquid/solids techniques. Since it is a closed system and op-
erates on relatively little energy, it is cost-effective and more
efficient in many ways.
Dorr-Oliver's IOPOR system is economical to operate,
easy to maintain, and simple to inspect for membrane re-
placement. IOPOR is the only system that allows nondestruc-
tive inspection of individual membrane elements. Any trouble
can be spotted easily and bypassed without shutting down
the line. Since the system is modular, it can be custom-engi-
neered to a specific process application. The modular design
ensures easy and economical expansion.
sliouroNa FoRAN
Ain~rr• Ittm=)?
loe tun,i-to
Many of you want the dependability, quality fabrication
and greater corrosion-resistance of our píate & frame
Stars coupled with labor-saving automation. Can we
do it? It depends on the application. Often, we can!
You'il need to start with a new four-port square Star
with two washings ports. (Our Stars are available in
12 7/8" to 48" square sizes. Keep in mind our Stars have
over four times the flow rates of most cast filters!)
Please write, TWX, or, call us. Our ingenious engineers
will advise you.
FROM T.W141.1MA TO 38" SOUARES ig
1 GPM TO 2 000 GPM
SEE C
THO
CATA1R
OR SER
FOR
CATALOG
AND
PRICES
TODAY!
800-845-5381
® sc: 803-346-3101
ftar LTRATION
TWX: 810-680-2531
(STAR SYS FLR)
SmS FIDIVISIO N
(FORMERLY STAR TANK 8 FILTER CORP.)
Timmonsville, South Carolina 29161
■■•
gou'ff tiwk. gota Pucity elote yeat bougkt a Siwil
• 1 1711Z1.W01218..~.2.1.7s •
."1.&-•~32MSM M.T.L.. 5711;
Circle A 27 on Reader Service Card
-
81
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LIQUED
SOLIDS
The system may be totally automat-
ed—in-place cleaning, flow-ratio con-
trol, and solids concentration
monitoring. Automation offers many
benefits, including reduced labor costs
and assured consistency of product irre-
eparation
spective of changes in flow volumes dur-
ing processing.
Electrofilter
The Dorr-Oliver electrofilter, a newly
developed product, is designed to effe-
ciently dewater dispersed slurries of ul-
trafine particles. Since it involves
"dispersed-phase" dewatering, no floc-
culants are required. Filter cakes are
about 50% drier than those obtained by
mechanical dewatering methods. In ad-
dition, the electrofilter uses anywhere
from 3 to 10% of the energy required for
thermal drying.
Use of the electrofilter will result in
many user benefits, such as high-solids
cakes, high rates of throughput, energy
savings, crysta.1-clear filtrate, no-floccu-
lants-required process flexibility, modu-

lligh lar design, and ready adaptability to

microprocessor control.
The electrofilter is a ruggedly built,
low-maintenance machine. Operation of

efficiency the system is completely automated. Al-

though the process technology is so-
phisticated, the mechanization is simple,
flexible, and dependable.

liquid Cake collection from the anodes in-

volves two simple steps: removing the
anode from the bath, and harvesting the
anode cake. This operation is micro-

backwash processor-controlled.
Biological Systems
Dorr-Oliver offers a family of three effi-
cient biological systems offering high

filter volumetric efficiencies, alI recently de-

veloped.
The Oxitron System is a compact aer-
obic wastewater treatment process that
utilizes a hydraulically fluidized bed of
media on which a fixed film of microbial
filter areas growth occurs. The principal applica-
tions for the Oxitron System are for car-
available from
bonaceous biological oxygen demand
one to 353 sq. ft. (BOD) removal, nitrification, and denitri-
fication of municipal and industrial
wastewaters.
The Mott PHP (Pneumatic Hydro- The system is designed for the follow-
Pulse) filter system for solids/liquid ing industries: municipal wastewater
separation uses permanent, porous metal filter media. treatment, iron and steel, organic chemi-
It does away with expensive replacement cartridges. cals, synthetic fuels, pulp and paper, pe-
Unique filter pore structure and low approach velocity of troleum refining, and textiles.
the process liquid prevent intrusion of particles into The Anitron System is a highly efficient
the media. Typical flow rates per square foot range from wastewater treatment process that also
0.25 GPM (.03 FPM) for heavily loaded catalyst retention utilizes a hydraulically fluidized bed of
applications and 0.5 GPM (.06 FPM) for polishing beer, media on which a fixed film of microbial
up to 2 GPM (.26 FPM) for solvent cleaning. Send for growth occurs. It is best suited for high-
Data Sheet 8200 and put Mott backwash filters to work strength biodegradable industrial waste-
for you. waters containing 3,000 to 15,000 mg
per liter chemical oxygen demand
mott (COD).
METALLURGICAL CORPORATION
The MARS (Membrane Anaerobic
Farmington Industrial Park, Farmington. CT 06032 (203) 677-7311
System) anaerobic wastewater treat-
For narre of your Mott representa ment process utilizes a suspended-
call toll - free: 800-243-8160 (In Conn. 800-842-0225). growth reactor coupled with IOPOR
ultrafiltration membrane modules.
Circle A - 28 on Reader Service Card
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LIQUID
SOLIDS
Separation
It is generally suited for ultra-high-strength biodegrad- allowing for the highest quality, sanitary conditions. It uses
able industrial wastewaters containing greater than 15,000 low heat and therefore allows little distortion or hardening of
mg per liter COD. Reduction in COD is accompanied by con- the outer bar. By "cold-working" the outer bar, the screen is
version of organic carbon to methane gas. stretched and becomes a drum-tight fíat surface. The main
The following industries will find MARS an effective sys- advantages of the laser-welded leaf are:
tem: cheese and other food industries, including grain pro- • An absolute seal at the outer edge provides leakproof con-
cessing; brewing and distilling; pulp and paper; pharma- struction while the filter is in service.
ceuticals; and organic chemicals. • Greater flow and cleaning characteristics result from en-
larged drainage area of the leaf and nozzle.
Centrifuges • More rapid precoating and a lower amount of residuals is
The Dorr-Oliver Merco TM Disc Nozzle Centrifuge, a nozzle-
achieved by using a 16-mesh intermediate screen between
bowl disk-type machine, is designed for high-speed opera- the perforated plate and the surface screen.
tion and requires minimum floor space. It is available in • Less distortion and no cracking of the cake or bypass of
several sizes and models with capacities from 1 to 700 gpm. solids during filtration is ensured by the fíat surface screen.
The Merco Double Overflow, for example, is designed for • Tabs, welded to the outer bar, hold the leaf in place.
processing three phases—solids and two immiscible Iiquids.
It is capable of continous separation and has internal recycle For information, contact The Duriron Company, Inc., 9542
for improved concentration and clarification. Pharmaceutical Hardpan Rd., Angola, NY 14006.
manufacturers use this centrifuge to extract and separate Circle No. A46
antibiotic materials from mycelium broths.
The MercoBowl TM decanter centrifuge is a high-speed,
continuous, solid-bowl machind used for dewatering where a
well-drained cake is important. It is also used to classify very
fine mica flakes for use in preparation of cosmetics.
The MercoBowl has found wide acceptance in food and
IAA A
chemical plants, oil refineries, pulp and paper milis, minerals,
minerals recovery, and industrial waste treatment.
In addition, Dorr-Oliver offers the Mercone TM screening z Ne1.0" MeNAr FEMOVES
centrifuge, which combines the features of a centrifuge and a
screen. The Mercone differs from conventional dewatering
COLOR,TASTE OPOt
methods dueto the use of high centrifugal force to overcome
the capillary attraction of the mother liquor to the crystals.
Fozoc ~es f000tfttar®!
For information, contact Dorr-Oliver, Havemeyer Lane, 3 Wheeee! Here's a new concept
Stamford, CT 06904. in filtration plus adsorption! An
Circle No. A45 approved, dry-formed compo-
. , site, non-woven filter media
made with activated carbon,
Carbon Comet is already a favo-
The Duriron Co., Inc. rite of many of our customers. Some won't use any-
innovations in Press and -Plates thing else! This media with muscle performs brilliantly
in plate & frame filter presses, especially our Stars. It
Durco Filtration Systems Division of Duriron is now offering scrubs out colors, odors, bad tastes, even nasty free
a versatile Quadra Press TM filter and polypropylene (PP) re- fatty acids and other solids and particles. It polishes
Iiquids so they sparkle and shine.
placement plates. The new filter press makes it easier and
If you want some test samples, contact us.
less expensive for a wide segment of industry to meet pro-
cess and environmental requirements in liquid/solids sepa-
ration. Sturdily built for ease of operation, ease of cleaning, FROM t-4,111.2. TO 36" SOUAR ES
1 GPM TO 2,000 GPM
and quick turnaround, the Quadra Press filter is ideal for
SEE OUR
waste treatment, dye extraction, vegetable oil processing, THOMCAT
CATALOG
precious metals recovery, completion fluids, and many more OR SEND
liquid/solids separation applications. Available in sizes from FOR
CATALOG
630 mm to 1,500 mm, the Quadra Press provides efficient AND
PRICES
filtration that is virtually maintenance-free. TODAY!
To provide superior corrosion resistance and high perfor-
mance, the filters are furnished with Durco PP elements avail-
able in four basic designs, the choice being determined by
ft4 8
800-845-5381
SC: 803-346-3101
TWX: 810-680-2531
your specific application. The PP plates are designed for use (STAR SYS FLR)
in old and new presses and easily retrofit most U.S. and for- FILTRATION
eign-made filters. 0(tentY
1 DIVISION
)FORMERLY STAR TAN& & FILTER CORP.)
Durco has also developed a laser-welded filter leaf. The
Timmonsville, South Carolina 29161
laser process provides a rigid, tight leaf of stainless steel con-
struction that can withstand distortion and separation while 195Pro,..,9r
2W7.:•2=1. 7715
Circle A-29 on Reader Service Card
83
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LIQUID
SOLIDS
Separation
B.F. Gump Division, Blaw-Knox Co.
Vibrator Screener/Separator
For economical, high-performance vibratory screening,
B.F. Gump's CV series can deliver optimum throughput with
minimum 'blinding and extended screen life.
Both the 30-inch and 48-inch screeners utilize eccentric
weights on the upper and lower ends of a heavy-duty motor
shaft to induce a vibratory action on the screen. Angular ad-
justments can control the speed and pattern of the material
passing across the screen in order to achieve maximum
throughput. There are no belts or pulleys. Installation is sim-
ple, because the unit is compact and no vibration is transmit-
ted to the floor.
For information, contact B.F. Gump, Box 1041, Buffalo, NY
14240.
Circle No. A47
Kason Corporation
Non-Blinding Cross-Flow Sieve
Kason Corporation is introducing a new, patented-profile
wire sieve that delivers higher capacities than were previous-
ly possible. It features an adjustable sloped screening deck
preceded by an acceleration/orientation ramp to control
feed velocity and to orient solids so as to attain maximum
deliquification. The unit is particularly well suited to pulp and
paper and other fibrous applications.
The unit has several unique features. For example, it has a
narrower screen profile, and it utilizes the "Coanda" effect to
enhance liquid removal.
For information, contact Kason Corporation, 231 Johnson
Ave., Newark, NJ 07108.
Circle No. A48
Mott Metallurgical Corporation
Hydropulse Filters
New versions of the company's pneumatic hydropulse fil-
ters are now available that combine pulsation and inertia ef-
fects to attain removal efficiencies down to 1 ppm or less for
particulates as small as 0.5 micron. The latest developments
are multi-mode units that combine hydropulsation and inertia
with barrier filtration to stabilize cake thickness and enhance
solids removal.
The new equipment includes fluid-handling modifications

n
s

which filtration svstem ís right for you? a

n

d
Adams has the answer! ci
There's a lot to consider ..service conditions, flow V\
capacity, reliability and efficiency just for starters. With C
a wide range of pressure filters and almost 50 years of
experience, Adams can recommend the right filtration

a>
system for your application. Turn to Adams for the
solution to your filtration needs.
N,

l R. P. ADAIVIS
c o ivi PANY, INC
207 EAST PARK DRIVE
du
an
BUFFALO, N.Y.14240
tur

co
we
Uni-Matic
Filt
Modular Filters LFH and IWF Liquid Filters ppJ
Modules of three Pre-coat filtration to 1 micron or 1
single tube filters WJR Single Tube bare tube to 25 micron. Up to tha
can be combined Liquid Filters 5,000 G.P.M. capacity for inle
to handle up to For small applications chemical process, municipal
potable water, steam boiler
Caí
600 G.P.M. For as low as 10 G.P.M. The
most liquids, variety of construction condensate and ultra-clean sun
elements that materials and filter ele- process water applications. a a tc
provide from 10 ments available makes Units can be provided for pun
to 1,500 micron the WJR adaptable to manual operation or with a T
filtration are many different programmable controller for 300
available. applications. automatic operation.
tem
Circle A - 30 on Reader Service Card filtra

84
irrp
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

LIQUED
M'UDS
Separation
that permit cake collection on the interior of a tube or filter screen rather than by centrifugal separation.
cartridge. Key innovation is in the addition of a fluid recircula- For information, contact Ronningen-Petter, 9151 Shaver
tion loop that leads to concentration of the liquid stream while Rd., Portage, MI 49081.
constantly adding dilute feed. Circle No. A51
For information, contact Mott Metallurgical Corporation,
Farmington Industrial Park, Farmington, CT 06032.
Circle No. A49 Rotex, Inc.
Perry Equipment Corp. Ball Mesh Cleaning
Full-Flow Filters and Elements The bouncing-ball-mesh cleaning system, a proven meth-
od used on Rotex screeners for years, is now available on the
Perry Equipment Corporation (PECO) manufactures more
company's line of Liquatex TM liquid/solids separators to con-
than 450 different filter elements to solve a wide variety of
trol screen blinding.
filtration problems. These are used as part of the company's
The ball-mesh cleaning method utilizes a system of resil-
own lube-oil and process filtration systems or as replacement
ient bouncing balls confined in pockets beneath the screen
cartridges where high filtration efficiency is required.
surface. The vibration of the machine in operation causes
PECO's most popular elements are: Filler Tex (a blend of
these balls to bounce continuously against the underside of
cotton and acrylic with wood excelsior that is rolled and lami-
the screen surface, keeping the screen surface alive and pre-
nated), molded fiberglass (a mixture of glass fiber and phe-
venting screen blinding.
nolic resin), pleated paper (specially treated with silicone and For information, contact Rotex, Inc., 1267 Knowlton St.,
resins and used for fine filtration service), and wire screen
Cincinnati, OH 45223.
(stainless, Monel, or Inconel). :They also manufacture units of
Circle No. A52
sisal and Fuller's earth.
These filter elements are designed to fit not only PECO fil-
ters, but those of other major filter manufacturers as well.
PECO produces filter vessels and other hardware that „.„,........,:i.,,,,,,,,..........
..............„
meets ASME specifications and codes. All equipment is
stress-tested using modern electronics. A computer gener-
ates graphic stress-contour plots for evaluation by engi-
NEILY MONA eNcs
~R. Alv mr-ss!
neers.
The company has an ongoing R&D program to ensure that
design innovations are quickly included in standard and spe-
cial products.
For information, contact PECO, P.O. Box 640, Mineral
Fgoc ~ afoost- frat2
Wow! Never was using filter aid so
simple! Now, after years of re-
!

Wells, TX 76067. search, Easy Earth is here in sheets

Circle No. A50 and circles to slip between plates
& frames of your filter presses.
Time-consuming mixing of slurries
Ronningen-Petter E and pre-coating may be completely eliminated by this
very efficient, approved media which offers amazing
New Concept for High-Solids retention of DE. Contact us and we'll send you test
samples. We don't know what all it can do for you, but
Ronningen-Petter, a division of Dover Corporation, is intro- for starters it can remove sedimentation, haze and
ducing a totally new filter design for use on processing liquids slime, make hot oils sparkle and clarify cloudy liquids.
and slurries. It is called the CycloSpray_ Filter, and it fea- Wow!
tures two major innovations in filtration technology.
FROM tu)'¿Idkkil TO 36” SOUARES
First, as the filter removes contaminants from the liquid, it 1 GPM TO 2,000 GPM
continuously removes those contaminants from the media as SEE OUR
well. The continuous cleaning action permits the CycloSpray THOMCAT
CATALOG
Filter to clarify liquids with a solids content as high as 2,000 OR SEND
FOR
ppm. CATALOG
AND
The second development used in the CycloSpray Filter is PRICES
that is operates in a totally pressurized environment—from TODAY ,

inlet, to outlet, to solids discharge. That means the filtrate and

concentrated solids exit the unit at virtually the same pres- 800-845-5381
SC 803-346-3101
sure as the feed enters. And because the CycloSpray Filler is
a totally pressurized unit, there is no need for additional
pumps and tanks.
ftar FILTRATION
e TWX:810 680 2531
(STAR SYS FLR)
- -

The CycloSpray Filter is capable of handling flows up to flY~1% DIVISION

(FORMERLY STAR TANN 8 FILTER CORP.)
300 gpm with a maximum line pressure of 125 psi. Maximum Timmonsville, South Carolina 29161
temperature is 200°F. The CycloSpray Filter provides 100%
filtration of liquids, because the solids are removed by a Mid.......
T"'"ZELWOryr•1117 ~2:11351"1- 071575"
—

Circle A-31 on Reader Service Card

85
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LIQUIEY
SOLIDS
Separation
Sharples-Stokes Div.
S u per-D-Canter
When you are considering using centrifugal force to solve
a liquid/solids separation problem, Sharples-Stokes be-
comes a supermarket. The company manufactures every ba-
sic type of centrifuge, and custom units as well. Applications
assistance is available from the company's customer service
laboratory, which performs complete tests on samples pro-
vided by the customer.
One of the newest product lines is the horizontal Super-D-
CanterTM , used for clarifying, dewatering, concentrating,
classifying, and washing.
The Super-D-Canter is designed for continuous and con-
trolleb removal of solids from slurries and suspensions under
a variety of conditions up to 150 psi and 700°F. To handle this
wide range of capabilities, the functions of sedimentation,
separation, and draining are combined to various degrees,
and internal configurations are engineered to suit each user's
special requirements.
The machines deliver high gravity forces (in excess of
3,000 g) to effect separation in a variety of industries. The
machines can handle any pumpable slurry, and even over-
Micro-Klean Il® cartridge features:
❑ Exclusive "graded density" fiber construc-
tion stops large particles on the outer portion
of the cartridge and smaller ones towards the
center for maximum dirt-holding capacity.
II 17 annular grooves expand surface
collection area by 50% for longer cartridge
life and lower filtration costs.
I I Hard, uniform, porous structure provides
more consistent filtration efficiency, while
resisting channeling, rupture and distortion.
Get the most out of contaminated liquids and gasses.
Circle A-32 on Reader Service Card
86
loading wjll not normally affect operation. The Super-D-Can-
ter uses sintered tungsten-carbide tiles on internal conveyors
to avoid wear and reduce maintenance. Units can be thor-
oughly cleaned in place without dismantling, to eliminate
costly downtime.
Super-D-Canter centrifuges use conventional solid-bowl
design, continuóus-screen bowls, and solid-bowl continuous
discharge (both horizontal and vertical). The latter can han-
dle capacities of 40,000 pounds of solids per hour and 300
gallons per minute of liquid.
For information, contact Sharples-Stokes Division of Penn-
walt Corp., 955 Mears Rd., Warrninster, PA 18974.
Circle No. A53
Star Systems
Filter Media
If you're using filter aid—diatomaceous earth—in plate-
and-frame filtration processes to remove sedimentation,
slimes, and/or hazes from liquids, pre-coating may not be
necessary anymore. That's because of a recently developed
filter media of diatomaceous earth and cellulose fibers.
Called Easy EarthTM , the new product is suitable for all types
of plate-and-frame filters.
New formulation. With the addition of our
melamine-acrylic formulation, the Micro-
Klean II product line offers full coverage in
the 1 µ to 125R applications range. Available
grooved and non-grooved, in standard 9 3/4" or
10" increments for 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-high lengths.
Contad AMF Cuna -General Filter Products
Division, 400 Research Parkway,
Meriden, CT 06450. Call Ext. 832
or 786 at either 1-800-243-6894, AM F
or (203) 237-5541 in CT. Cuno
 A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

lonUED
M'UDS
Separation
Star Systems, the 80-year-old manufacturer of fabricated
plate-and-trame filter presses that makes Easy Earth, has
worked on the development for the past 20 years. Its success
involves novel technology that deposits the filter aid in a sheet
that can entrap particles as small as 0.5 micron while main-
taining a good flowrate. Easy Earth has a high surface area
and can eliminate the purchasing, storing, and time-consum-
ing use of loose, voluminous diatomaceous earth. It also
eliminates the problem of uneven pre-coating, and in some
applications filter aid use can drop to nil.
The worm rotates slightly faster than the basket through
use of an exclusive cyclogear transmission. The complete
machine is driven by one motor, and no high-speed hydraulic
reciprocating mechanism is required.
When Conturbex centrifuges are used with Tema dewater-
ing screens, the complementary system can, in same cases,
eliminate the need for thermal drying.
Tema, Inc. is a leader in mechanically actuated, vibrating,
dewatering devices that are designed for optimum liquid/
solids separation without vacuum. Their filter-screen unit is
ideal for low-cost liquids removal for both chemical and min-
eral applications, including fine coal from minus 28 to plus
100 mesh. This new filter screen is so effective that in many
applications solids are nearly drip-free upon exit, with mois-
ture content as low as 15% for coal and 10% for sand and
other minerals. In the case of coal producers, the new dewa-
tering unit can operate at 30 tons per hour capacity, offering a
drastic reduction in thermal drying costs. It will dry sand at a
rate of 100 tons per hour.
For information, contact Tema, Inc., 11584 Goldcoast Dr.,
Cincinnati, OH 45242.
Circle No. A55

...unrir-~awrnzürr,ww...wmii-~,...~:~ -n,
.,"wnr1

*dr® ~FORMS si
LINPE12- MESStIRE
ivaes-off~--60earutt-
"Filtration's faster and more efficient for us with less
pressure on the filter, so we usually operate our 24"
While Easy Earth is an important addition to the Star prod- Stars at 75 to 80 psi," a customer said. "But," he con-
uct line, the company is also continuing to make improve- fided, "sometimes we go to more than 90 pounds
ments to its extensive line of plate-and-frame filters. One of pressure..."
the latest hardware improvements is the new manual plate- "Your Stars were fabricated for up to 75 psi!" we in-
shifter mechanism adapted for Star's 30-inch-square plate- terrupted. "You can special order a..."
and-frame filter press. It will become standard on all large "Wait! I'm praising you for the way you built our 24"
Star square filters. This practical plate-shifter makes it very round machines," he explained patiently. "Stars can
take higher pressures better than any other plate &
easy for one person to handle the 1 1 / 2-inch-wide sludge
frame filter can. The others just fall apart. l've seen
frames and the heavy solid stainless steel plates, which 15
it.
weigh about 400 pounds each, so that the filter can be re-
"Wow! Can we quote you in a high pressure ad?"
dressed and operated single-handed.
For information, contact Star Systems, 101 Kershaw St., FROM 1.(0141.110. TO 36" SOUARES
Timmonsville, SC 29161. 1 GPM TO 2,000 GPM
Circle No. A54 SEE OUR
THOMCAT
CATALOG
OR SEND
FOR
Tema, Inc. CATALOG
AND
Centrifuges and Dewatering Screens PRICES
TODAY!
The built-in reliability of Terna Conturbex Tm centrifuges
leads to their widespread use in the CPI. The screen-basket-
800-845-5381
eta SC: 803-346-3101
/spiral-worm model provides trouble-free operation in a vari- TWX: 810 - 680 - 2531
(STAR SYS FLR)
ety of applications. It is preferred by most CPI users because 1 .91

it has high liquid/solids separation efficiencies and low main- FILTRATION

19/11141MW DIVISION
tenance costs, and it is virtually free of vibration. Compared '

(FORMERO STAR TANK 8 FILTER CORP .)

1909
to other centrifuges, it also has a lower initial price. Timmonsville, South Carolina 29161
The heart of the machine lies in the conical screen basket,
the spiral worm, and the product wash arrangement. il:«1 7111ELWaCra~.1"=1~ 77511
Circle A-33 on Reader Service Card
86 A

Micro-Etch
screens
burr-free aperatures
as small as .006-in.
Micro-Etch stainless steel screens from
Buckbee-Mears are produced using a
photo etching process that allows for
precise control of hole size, shape and
location. Controlled tapering means
efficient filtering and simple backflush
cleaning. Hole size selection is from .006
to .024-inch. Micro-etch screens are
burr-free, uniform, with excellent hole
size accuracy. The planar surface
minimizes entrapment.
Applications for these screens include
food processing, industrial and chemical
straining, water purification, and support
of sub-micron filter media. BMC can
also supply secondary assembly to
customer specifications. Write or call
(612) 228-6400.
A UNIT OF BMC INDUSTRIES, INC.
Buckbee-Mears Operation
245 East 6th Street
St. Paul, MN 55101
612/228-6400 Telex 29-7080
Circle A-34 on Reader Service Card
86 B
A CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
LECtUM *
SOLIDS
Separation
Witco Chemical Corp.
Filter Aids
Engineers in the CPI are turning increasingly to diatoma-
ceous-earth filtration processes to remove solids from liquids
too difficult to filter by other commercial filtration methods. At
the same time, they are cutting the costs of filtration by utiliz-
ing the versatility of diatomite.
Solids smaller than one micron, at flowrates in the range of
0.5 to 3 gallons per minute per square foot of filter surface,
can be effectively removed from a wide variety of liquids by
using diatomite.
A primary consideration facing engineers is to select the
filtration technique best suited to their processes. Two meth-
ods are available: pressure filtration, and vacuum filtration.
Pressure filtration—The customary diatomite pressure-fil-
tration process consists of four important steps:
• Formation of a firm precoat cake.
• Use of the correct amount and kind of body feed (admix or
dosing) in the unfiltered liquor to obtain the optimum filter-
cycle length.
• Separation of spent filter cake from the septum prior to the
next filtration cycle.
• Sufficient time to precoat. By knowing the flowrate and the
volume of precoat liquor, the precoat time may be calculated
precisely. Two passes of the precoat slurry through the sep-
tum are required to deposit all of the filter aid completely dur-
ing cake formation.
Vacuum filtration—Kenite filter aids and rotary-vacuum
precoat filters (RVPF) are widely used in many operatións to
clarify difficult-to-filter liquids and high-blinding, slimy, com-
prensible solids. RVPF simultaneously provides high flow-
rates not possible with any other filtration technique.
The two basic steps in the RVPF operation are:
• Formation of a precoat, which should be achieved quickly,
uniformly, and without cracks.
• Filtration, to achieve desired flowrate and clarity over long,
economical filtration cycles.
Kenite PC (precoat) filter aids have been designed specifi-
cally to apply a filter cake to wire screens or other filter septa
having openings too large to bridge with a standard diatomite
filter aid.
The technical service staff of Witco's Inorganic Specialties
division is in constant contact with people in the industry,
helping to solve filtration problems. In the field, Witco techni-
cians work closely with plant and production managers-
surveying plant operations, offering technical advice, and of-
ten making suggestions for increasing production without
adding new equipment.
Backing up this expertise are laboratory facilities at the
Quincy, Wash., plant site, as well as similar facilities at Wit-
co's Corporate Technical Center and its other research and
testing laboratories.
Witco holds technical seminars concerning such topics as
bulk shipment and handling of diatomite.
For information, contact Witco Chemical Corp., 277 Park
Ave., New York, NY 10017.
Circle No. A56