TABLE OF CONTENTS

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CHAPTER 1: The Valuable Product

In this part of the paper, introduce the valuable material that you are planning to produce on a large-scale.
Describe the product (here are some examples of guide questions as to how you are going to describe it:
What does it look like? What is its texture? What does it taste? Is it viscous? What are the locations around
the world where this product is abundant?) Present either a descriptive paragraph or statistical data as to
how much of the product is produced in our society; the data on its production should at least cover the
information from the year 2014 until today. You can use graphs or tables to present these data. Use pictures
and other forms of graphics to show how this product looks like as well as its variants. Do citations as to
where you got your statistical data on the product’s demand, as well as the sources of your graphics.

Relevance of the Product in the Society

Explain in this section why this product is important in the society. Highlight the important
aspects/problems/issues that this product is able to address. Use proper referencing for any ideas that are
based from primary and/or secondary sources of information. You can use pictures and other forms of
graphics to support your explanations; use proper citations for any graphics that you may want to use.

History and Development of the Product

In this section, a detailed timeline of the product’s history and development should be presented. Prior to a
detailed description of the product’s history, a creative graphic timeline should be presented that summarizes
the important events that led to the development of the said product. An example of a creative graphic timeline
is shown below.
Use proper citation for all historical information that is presented in this section.
Figure 2. An example of a creative graphic timeline (obtained from visme.co)

Figure 1. History of ice cream graphic timeline example

CHAPTER 2: The Raw Material

Introduce the chosen raw material in this section. Similar to Chapter 1, part of the introduction should include
a detailed description of the raw material. Pictures as to show how the raw material looks like is encouraged
in this section. Again, proper citation of the figures and ideas from other sources must be done.

Statistical Data on Raw Material Availability

In this section, describe in detail the statistical data pertaining to the availability of the raw material chosen.
Graphs, tables, infographics and other means of presenting numerical data should be used. Along with the
presentation of these figures are the descriptions as well as the inferences that can be extracted from the
data available. The data presented will the basis for your stoichiometric calculations (Chapter 4). Presented
below as some examples as to how you are going to present the statistical data. Proper citation of these
information is necessary.

Figure 3. An example of an infographic that shows a particular statistical data (obtained from IRENA)
 Figure 4. A tabular approach in presenting statistical data

Figure 5. A graphical approach in showing raw material availability

Properties and Chemical Composition of the Raw Material

In this section, data on the properties and chemical composition of the raw material should be presented.
Include in this part the molecular formulas of these components and their corresponding molecular weights,
if available. This information will be used for the calculation of the necessary components needed to obtain
the desired product.

Some examples of presenting the chemical composition of the raw material:

Figure 6. An example of a table presenting the raw material's chemical composition

Figure 7. An example of a table presenting the raw material's chemical composition

CHAPTER 3: The Process

A detailed discussion of the processing steps to obtain the product should be presented in this part of the
concept paper.

The following guide questions should be the basis for this output
 What are the specific steps that are necessary to obtain the product?
 What happens in each of the processes involved?
 What are the important chemical reactions that take place in the formation of the product?
 How is the reaction done? Is heat needed to proceed with the reaction? Are catalysts needed to
hasten the reaction?

Together with the detailed explanation of the processing steps, a flow diagram of the processing steps should
be presented first. The diagram should consume a separate sheet of bond paper; it can be oriented either in
a portrait or a landscape layout. Shown below are some examples of a process flow diagram:

Figure 8. An example of a graphic process flow diagram

 Figure 9. An example of a simplified block flow diagram

The discussion of the important chemical reactions should be included in this chapter. A brief explanation
about the chemical equations involved in the processing steps should be included.

Figure 10. An example of a chemical reaction

CHAPTER 4: Stoichiometric Calculations

In this part of the concept paper, a detailed calculation of the needed reactants and obtained products should
be presented. The data presented on Chapter 2, particularly in the “Statistical Data on raw Material Availability”
should be the basis for the starting point of your calculations.
It is expected in this part of the paper that several VALID ASSUMPTIONS are to be done by the students
regarding the efficiency of the process, actual amounts to be reacted, and so on, in order to ensure that the
whole calculation procedure will be accomplished. Guidance by the teacher in establishing the necessary
assumptions is needed.
Here is an example as to how the detailed stoichiometric calculation should be made:
Chemical Reaction Involved: Steam Reforming

𝐶𝐻4 + 𝐻2 𝑂 → 3𝐻2 + 𝐶𝑂

Basis of Calculation: 381242.1144 kmol/year of hydrogen in steam reformer outlet

The amount of methane that is to be injected in the steam reformer was determined.

0.3509 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡

𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = (𝐻𝑦𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑔𝑒𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡) ∙
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡

0.3509 𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡

𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 381242.1144 ∙
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 133769.1629
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 16.04 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 133769.1629 ∙ = 2145986.4458
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

H O
For this case the molar ratio of water to methane  2  must be 2.5 in order to inhibit coke formation. With
 CH 4 
this, the amount of water injected to the steam reformer was determined.
 2.5 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐻2 𝑂
𝐻2 𝑂 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 133769.1629 ∙
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝐶𝐻4

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐻2 𝑂 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 334422.9074
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 18.02 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
𝐻2 𝑂 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 334422.9074 ∙ = 6024722.3145
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

The amount of methane exiting the steam reformer was determined. Since the steam reforming process
converted 95% of the methane injected, the remaining 5% will be the amount that was left unreacted.

𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 133769.1629 ∙ (0.05)

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙
𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 6688.4581
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 16.04 𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
𝐶𝐻4 𝑖𝑛 𝑆𝑅 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑙𝑒𝑡 = 6688.4581 ∙ = 107299.3223
𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟

Afterwards, present a summary of the values of all the calculated reactants and products in a table. Briefly
declare how much of the desired product is obtained from the set value of the raw material. Also calculate
the yield of the product obtained.
CHAPTER 5: The Process of Obtaining the Product: A Boon or Bane?

In this chapter, considerations other than the technical aspects of obtaining the product are discussed. This
chapter should highlight the social, political or economic advantages and disadvantages of obtaining the
said product. Citations on past or current news articles, magazines or any journals discussing some issues
on the production of the valuable material is highly encouraged. Proper referencing should be done in this
chapter. Infographics are highly appreciated.
SUMMARY

A summary of all the information from the five chapters, most especially the calculated values in Chapter 4
are to be highlighted in this section.
REFERENCES
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