BESARAN VEKTOR

Mata Kuliah Fisika Dasar,T.E D3,Universitas Riau

Fadhlan Ramadhan Alwinas

1907024826
Abstract

In addition to the principal and derivative quantities , physical quantities are divided into two other
groups namely vector and scalar quantities . Vector magnitude is a physical quantity that has magnitude
and direction. For example displacement, speed, acceleration and force. A scalar quantity is a physics
quantity that has only a large and no direction. For example mass, distance, time and volume. The
vector size is denoted by the letter on it, there are arrows or bold letters.

To calculate the resultant of a vector, you can use the parallelogram, polygon and analytic methods. Of
the three methods that are best used are analytic methods because the resultants described are more
clearly described on the x-axis and on the y-axis.

If there are three known vectors, the resultant of the first vector will be the same as the sum of the
other two vectors. The most important thing in this lab is to be precise and precise in determining the
angle of the vector, where the ring must be right in the middle.

1. preliminary

The magnitude in physics is divided into two, namely the

vector quantity and the scalar quantity . Magnitudes that only have values are called r scales , for
example mass, length, time, each time has a value, that is, 5 kg, 6 m, 7 minutes. Whereas the quantities
that have values and directions are called vector quantities for example velocity quantities, the forces of
which are 5 m / sec to the north, 6 Newton to the east. The vector size is denoted by the letter above,
there are arrows or letters in bold while the letter without bold is the value (large) of the vector. The
vector quantity symbol is the arrow where the length of the line segment indicates the vector value and
the arrow indicates the vector direction. In this case the vector resultant of the forces acting at a point
can be determined.

Resultant two vectors can be calculated with the following formula:

Resultant vector can be calculated through vector analysis by breaking down the vector into its
components. Vectors can be written in lower and uppercase letters, or with two letters as follows:

A vector is represented by an arrow (see figure 1), where the length of the arrow indicates the value or
magnitude of the vector and the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the vector

Picture 1.

Note:
Point A: is the vector starting
point Point B: is the vector direction
Length AB is the length or size of the vector.
Point multiplication is also called scale multiplication because it produces a scalar quantity. Cross
multiplication is also called vector multiplication because it produces a vector quantity. For example
there are two vectors, namely A and B. Scalar multiplication of vectors A and B is expressed by AB
(because the dot notation is used, this multiplication is called dot multiplication) . The vector
multiplication of A and B is represented by Ax B. Because x is used, this multiplication is called cross
multiplication.

In the use of vectors, two or more vectors can be added, subtracted, multiplied or divided. This activity
is called vector operations. Adding and subtracting vectors can be done in 2 (two) ways, namely:
1. Graphical methods such as the Polygon method, Parallelogram and Triangles
2. Analytical Methods, which describe the vectors that exist on the X-axis and Y-axis. The results of the
addition of vectors called the Resultant Vector (R)

1. Polygon Method.

Three vectors, i.e. vectors a, b and vector c. The vector consultant you can see in figure (2) where the
Resultant Vector (R) is R = a + b + c

(2) Resultant Vector (R)

2. How to parallelogram

Addition and subtraction of 2 vectors A and B which form each other at an angle α can be seen in the
following figure.

Figures (3) p and q

From figure (p) the sum of vectors A + B and figure (q) is a reduction of vectors A - B.
From figure (p): Addition of vector A + B produces resultant vector R
From image (q): Subtraction of vector A - B produces resultant vector R with different equation / sign (+)
and (-) sign.
(3).Analytical way
The addition / subtraction of vectors by analytical method is to add some of the vectors by first
describing the vectors against the X and Y axes, then the values are entered in the X and Y tables and
solved by the equation:
The equation of the vector component:
Fx = F cos α
Fy = F sin α

II.Research Methodology
2.1 Tools and Materials
The tools used include the style table used as a place to conduct experiments. Load that is used as a test
object or a style granting object. A protractor is used to measure the angle formed by the force. And
millimeter paper used to record / draw vector diagrams and angles formed.
2.1 Experiment Procedure
2.1.1 Data Collection Method
1. Determine the resultant with 3 methods

The table is prepared and the pulley is tested, whether it works smoothly or not. Loads are given in their
respective places with various values (mass). The table style ring is certain that it is located in the center
of the table by sliding the pulley and measuring the angle formed. Steps (2) and (3) are repeated with
different mass variations.
1. Determine the resultant vector of 3,4,5, and 6

2. Mass variation

Loads are given in their respective places with various values (mass). Ring table style is certainly located
in the middle of the table by sliding the pulley and measuring the angle formed. Steps (1) and (2) are
repeated with different mass load variations.
2. Angular variation
The angle of each vector is determined The force table ring is sure to be located in the middle of the
force table by giving mass at each end of the thread, and the mass at each end of the yarn is
weighed. Steps (1) and (2) are repeated with vector angle variations.
Results and Discussion
3.1 Analysis of measurement results
3.1.2 Determine the resultant vector with 3 methods
III.Results and Discussion
3.1 Analysis of measurement results
3.1.2 Determine the resultant vector with 3 methods
After conducting experiments using three methods, namely parallelogram method, polygon method,
analytical method, the data in the table below is obtained:
Table.3.1.1 Determines the resultant vector with 3 methods
Vector A Vector B
m (g) θ l (cm) m (g) θ l (cm)
50 40 2.5 80 102 4
Vector C Vector D
m (g) θ l (cm) m (g) θ l (cm)
100 218 5 150 310 7.5
Before determining the resultant with the three methods, the force on each vector is determined first
and the value of l (length) can also be found. From the data obtained it turns out that a small mass has a
small angle too and vice versa.

After the calculation is obtained in the resultant parallelogram method between A and B 1.125 N,
between C and D 1.773 N. So we get a total resultant of 2.806 N. In the analytic method the result is
0.775 N and the polygon method is obtained vector image.

3.2.2 Determine the resultant of two vectors

In experiments at this stage the results obtained in the following table

Table 3.2 .2 Determines the resultant of two vectors with variations in mass

no Vector A Vector B Vector C

m (g) θ m (g) θ m (g) Θ

1 100 30 50 261 80 170

2 100 281 100 143

3 150 279 130 121

From the above data, the resultant 1 B with C is obtained 0.94 N. The simultaneous 2 B with C is 0.72 N.
The simultaneous 3 B with C is 0.62 N. So it can be concluded that vector A will be the same as the sum
of the other two vectors.

3.2 Analysis of errata and error values

Based on the data obtained the resultant value used as the standard is 5 cm in 1 N. Among the three
methods used analytic methods are methods that approach the standard resultant. In the resultant of
the two vectors with mass variations also the values obtained are greater than 1N and some smaller
than 1 N. This is due to rounding of each different product.

1. Conclusion

Based on experiments that have been carried out, it was concluded that the vector was drawn with a
line and an arrow at one end. In determining the resultant vectors, it takes the force of each
vector. There are three ways to determine vector quantities, namely parallelogram, polygon and
analytic. Vector magnitude is a quantity that has a value and has a direction.

1. Thank-you note

With the completion of this journal, we would like to thank the people who helped us during the
practicum. First to the general coordinator of the basic physics laboratory. Next to the department
coordinator, and to the equipment coordinator. Especially to all praktikan who helped in the making of
this journal.
Reference

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via http://www.scribd.com/doc/80106161/LAPORAN-PERALAN-ANALISA-VECTOR , on
November 5, 2014 at 19:21 WIB.

3. Sear, Zemasky. 1993. Physics for Universities . Bandung: Bina Cipta.

4. 1997. Basic Physics Volume 1. Bandung: ITB.