Mark Jomelle O.

Natividad

EE-4E

Statement of Problem
1. Energy Saving but Insufficient Illumination

Energy saving is the energy saved under the same average illumination, which is
not just the average illumination on the ground! The light intensity of the space
has a very good forecast for the vehicles coming in the distance, to prevent traffic
accidents from happening! But the LED street lights installed in China are
sacrificing illumination to achieve energy saving.

2. Heat Dissipation of Streetlights

When street lamps are used outdoors, they must be waterproof and dustproof, so
the lamps must be sealed. After sealing, the temperature of water vapor in the
lamps must exceed 100 degrees under extreme weather conditions. The LED
street lamps will continue to work in such a hot environment if the heat
dissipation is not done well. Lamps and lanterns are extremely vulnerable to
breakage or severe light decay.

3. Cost of Materials

LED lights are energy saving type of lighting but it is more expensive compared
other types of bulbs like the incandescent lights but in terms of durability there is
no doubt that the LED will last longer. Not only the LED have a high price tag, the
other materials’ price is also a bit high like the sensors or the photo-conductive
cells and the microcontroller.
 Significance of the Study

This project of Automatic street lights is a cost effective, practical, Eco-friendly and the
safest way to save energy. It clearly tackles the two problems that world is facing today,
saving of energy and also disposal of incandescent lamps, very efficiently. And it helps us
to get rid of today's world problems of manual switching and most importantly, primary
cost and maintenance can be decreased easily. The LED consumes less energy with cool-
white light emission and has a better life than high energy consuming lamps. With these
efficient reasons, this presented work has more advantages which can overcome the
present limitations. Keep in mind that these long-term benefits; the starting cost would
never be a problem because the return time of investment is very less. This system can
be easily implemented in street lights, smart cities, home automation, agriculture field
monitoring, timely automated lights, parking lights of hospitals, malls, airport,
universities and industries etc.
 Definition of Terms
LED or Light-emitting diode - is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an
electric current passes through it.

LDR or Light dependent resistor - is a component that has a (variable) resistance that
changes with the light intensity that falls upon it. This allows them to be used in light
sensing circuits.

Microcontroller - It contains an integrated processor, memory (a small amount of RAM,

program memory, or both), and programmable input/output peripherals, which are
used to interact with things connected to the chip.

Arduino - is an open-source hardware and software company, project and user

community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and
microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense
and control both physically and digitally.

Sensor - A device which gives an output by detecting the changes in quantities or events
can be defined as a sensor. Generally, sensors produce anelectrical signal or optical
output signal corresponding to the changes in the inputs.