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ides weather components, the time of casting, difference of concrete and air
temperatures and moisture condition of the concrete surface influence the
rate of evaporation of water from freshly placed concrete surfaces. For the
specimens cast in the morning, noon or early afternoon time and kept in
open air, the maximum rate of evaporation exceeded the limiting value of
1.0 kg/m2/hr, from view point of susceptibility to plastic shrinkage
cracking. In the case of specimens cast in the noon and afternoon time the
maximum rate of evaporation generally occurred in the first hour after
casting when a layer of bleed water was available on the surface. However,
in the case of specimens cast in the morning time, the maximum rate of
evaporation occurred at noon time, 3–5 hours after casting, when the
concrete had partly set and had no free moisture available on the surface.
The study further shows that the shading of specimens to protect them
from solar radiation lowered the rate of evaporation by 50 per cent or more
of the respective rate for the specimen kept in open air. Based on the results
of the study, the paper discusses the specifications for hot-weather
concreting and the limitations of the graphical method used for estimating
the rate of evaporation.