Wellness Massage LM 1 - 4

K to 12 Basic Education Program
TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION
HOME ECONOMICS
Wellness Massage
LEARNER’S MATERIALS
GRADE 10
DRAFT
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Introduction
Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) is one of the nomenclature in

the implementation of the K to 12 Basic Education Program (BEP) composed of
four components; namely, Agri-Fishery Arts, Home Economics, Industrial Arts and
Information and Communication Technology. In this module, the focus is on Home
Economics course – Wellness Massage
In this course, varied and relevant activities and opportunities are provided to
demonstrate your understanding of concepts and core competencies as prescribed
in TESDA Training Regulation in Wellness Massage and provides quality service to
target clients. This will also be a venue for you to assess yourself and identify aspects
of business that you need to strengthen and safeguard before you take the plunge into
the world of work.
Now that the workforce is far behind in equating the number of available jobs,
the Department of Education is revitalizing its resources to lead the young minds and
to prepare them skillfully as future Wellness Massage provider, instead. It is in honing
the skills that learners can assure to have an edge of surviving the daily needs of
DRAFT
oneself and of others. It seeks to provide students with the knowledge, skills, and
motivation in the field of Wellness Massage
This module is specifically crafted to focus on the different activities that will
assess your level in terms of skills and knowledge that you are expected to demonstrate
after going through this learning materials. Learning procedures are divided into
different sections - What to Know, What to Process, What to Reflect and Understand,
and What to Transfer. Go over with the suggested tasks and accomplish them to
practice developing a sustainable program, prioritizing needs and building vision.
So, explore and experience the K to 12 TLE modules and be a step closer to
being a successful Wellness Massage specialist!
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Content Standard Performance Standard
The learner demonstrates The learner independently

understanding the skills and demonstrates competencies in
knowledge required to consult with Wellness Massage.
client/s and select and sequence
a range of wellness massage
techniques as a program.
Objectives:
1. Discuss the relevance of the course.
2. Explain the basic concepts in wellness massage.
3. Strengthen ones PECs to undertake the course on wellness

massage.
DRAFT
4. Explore on opportunities for wellness massage as a career.
5. Select a business idea based on the criteria and techniques set

in wellness massage.
6. Develop a product/service in Wellness Massage.
Program Requirements
In this level, the students are already familiar with their chosen field of
specialization in TLE which is the Wellness Massage. Their skills are useful when they
will undergo on-the-job training program much would be required for them to be at
wellness salons. The learners will be well equipped with the knowledge and skill and
also will motivate them to instill their minds and encourage the learners to be trained
and become an entrepreneur later applying the quality-delivery – price process in
putting up a business.
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Learning Episodes
Lesson 1emphasizes planning the wellness program of the clients. The history
of massage during the early century is also discussed in here and the preparation that
should be done before a client is given treatment such as the health condition .This
will also help the massage therapist to know what kind of treatment he/she will give to
the clients.
Lesson 2 provides pre-service to wellness massage. This also concentrates on

how clients be given attention to their needs. This also identifies the vital information
of the clients
The application of wellness massage techniques are being discussed in Lesson

3. Thus advising or giving post services to clients are also included.
Providing post-advises and services to clients are given attention in

Lesson 4. After care services and rebooking also are being stress out. Materials,
supplies and equipment are also to be considered here.
What is this module all about?
This module is self-instructional in nature. This is presented into different

lessons, each on a specific topic with related approach. The activities are modified to
adapt your needs and are within your capability. This also provides interesting activities
DRAFT
to perform and help achieve the objectives in each lesson by developing the desired
competencies.
You can utilize this module through your exploratory and creative hands. Each
lesson comes as a series of competencies leading to National Certificate Level (NC
II) which covers the development of your knowledge, skills and attitude required in
Wellness Massage.
It is hoped that you will enjoy and learn from this module. The specific
objectives are reflected at the first part. Read these carefully. They also serve as your
guide on how you will be tested or evaluated.
To maximize learning, follow the directions carefully. Provide yourself with the
correct implements and materials needed. Feel free to ask your teacher for guidance if
directions are not clear to you. At the end of each lesson, you will be ready to take the
self-test given. Perform what is being asked and submit it to your teacher for checking.
You are given enough time to finish one lesson. If self check has not been answered
correctly, go back to your lesson, review and answer again the self check until you got
the correct answer.
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This module has 4 lessons. Each lesson has the following:
• Content Standard
• Performance Standard
• Introduction
• Learning Competencies/Objectives
• Pre Test
• What to KNOW?
• What to PROCESS?
• What to REFLECT or UNDERSTAND?
• What to TRANSFER?
• Summative Assessment
• Summary/Synthesis/Feedback
• Glossary of Terms
• References
How to Use the Module
DRAFT
Here are some reminders for you as you use the modules. Be sure to take note
of them.
1. A diagnostic test precedes the activities in the module. Prepare materials where
you can accomplish the tests in each learning episode. Complete test first before you
go through the activities to determine how much you know about the lessons in the
module and identifies the areas you ought to learn more. Your teacher will assist you
to check and to analyze your score in relation to your learning needs.
2. Each module has a sequence of activities. It contains integrative and relevant

information guided with prescribed competencies. Go over with each activity carefully.
If you encounter difficulties, do not hesitate to consult your teacher for assistance. DO
NOT skip any topic. REMEMBER that each activity is a preparation for the rest of the
preceding activities.
3. For every lesson / learning outcomes an enhancement activity followed to help

enrich the knowledge and skills you have gained.
4. When you have successfully finished all the tasks in the module, answer the
Post Test to be given by your teacher. Your score will be analyzed and will be used by
your teacher for the computation of your grade.
5. Upon finishing the whole module, you will be receiving your Certificate of
Completion (COC). On the other hand, if you fail to finish any activities thereof, you
need to go through the module again and finish it to get your COC.
6. Lastly, handle the module with utmost care. Always keep the module clean and
free from any torn page.
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LEARNING GOALS AND TARGETS
As you go through this module, you will be able to assess yourself with the
characteristics and competencies of a successful massage specialist.
You may now set your learning goals and target so that you will be guided
accordingly as you go through this module.
Provide an honest answer on each item below.
My goals at the end of this module are…

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
DRAFT
My targets to achieve my goals are…..
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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Diagnostic Assessment
I. Multiple-Choice.
Direction: Choose the letter that best describes the statement. Write the
answers on your quiz notebook.
1. Some massage therapists focus on the shifts in awareness and

psychological insight that can be brought about with massage.
A. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage

B. Pampering
C. Sports Massage
D. Relaxation/stress/ stress reduction.
2. Modern massage techniques have evolved mainly from a system

developed by a Swedish physiologist called Per Henrik Ling (1776–1839).
A. ‘effleurage’,
B. ‘petrissage’,
DRAFT
C. ‘vibration’,
D. ‘ventilation
3. The part of personal information form which indicate whether massage will
be helpful to this client and will influence the type of massage to be given,
A. Past Personal Information

B. Past Medical History
C. Present Medical History
D. Present Personal Information
4. This refers to the type of massage treatment that might be found in some spa and
hair salons.

B. Pampering
C. Sports Massage
D. Relaxation/stress/ stress reduction
5. As early as 3000 BC, the _____nationalities practiced massage to cure ailments

and improve general health?
A. Chinese
B. Japanese
C. Vietnamese
D. Swedish
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6. Around 500 BC the Greek physician _____ used massage with oils and herbs to
treat medical conditions and diseases.
A. Herodicus
B. Abacus
C. Hepartacus
D. Eherodicus
7. This is the most widely used form of massage used for relaxation.
A. body massage
B. stone massage
C. sports massage
D. pregnancy massage
8. Implies exchange of messages by human being.
A. Communication Process
B. Communication Problem
C. Communication Standards
D. Miscommunication
DRAFT
9. As the communication process continues, it becomes a communication
_______.
A. cycle
B. stroke
C. routine
D. requirement
10. Human communication consist of
A. 93% body language while only 7% of communication consists

of words themselves.
B. 95% body language while only 5% of communication consists of words
themselves
C. 90% body language while only 10% of communication consists of words
themselves
D. 80% body language while only 20% of communication consists of words
themselves
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11.Client consultation is being done by whom?
A. doctor
B. dentist
C. specialist
D. therapist
12. Do not make false claims for treatments, but explain the benefits _____.
A. fairly
B. practically
C. reasonably
D. realistically
13. Before picking up a phone you should discontinue to ______.
A. breathe
B.eat chewing gum
DRAFT
C. talk
D. smile
14. Type of massage wherein the hand is placed over the area and vibrated either
up and down or from side to side. The action produces vibrations in the underlying
tissue.
A. Vibration
B. Pounding
C. Frictions
D. Cupping
15. The type of massage strokes in which pressure is applied to the tissues.
A. Vibration
B. Knead
C. Beating
D. Petrissage
16.Massage strokes that skims the surface of the tissues.
A. Vibration
B. Effleurage
C. Beating
D. Petrissage
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17. A manipulation technique that lifts the muscle away from the bone and moves it
from side to side in a rocking manner.

A. Vibration
B. Effleurage
C. Muscle rolling
D. Petrissage
18. Massage strokes where the hands strike the tissues.
A. Vibration
B. Effleurage
C. Taponement
D. Petrissage
19. _______ helps eliminate the toxins from the body.
A. juice
B. tea
C. water
D. wine
DRAFT
20. Kind of food that helps the body to concentrate on healing.
A. light healthy meal

B. heavy healthy meal
C. more vegetables
D. juicy fruits
21.This should be avoided for about 24 hours before performing aftercare services.
A. alcohol
B. exercise
C. too much eating
D. drinking plenty of water
22. After treatment you will usually feel
A. startle
B. creepy
C. canny
D. relaxed
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23. The most common body reactions in the aftercare services.
A. aching/soreness of muscles
B. heightened emotional state
C. tiredness
D. dizzy
24. A word which means anything that can cause harm.
A. Risk
B. Danger
C. Hazard
D. Warning
25. Safest substance found in spa salon
A. Oil
B. Disinfectant
C. Powders
D. Water
26. In the 5’s methodology Seiketsu is the Japanese term for ________.
DRAFT
A. standardize
B. self-discipline
C. sort
D. sweep
27. The translated English word for seiri is ________.
A. sort
B. sweep
C. self-discipline
D. systematize
28. This can be done as an introduction to massage for clients who may not come in
for an office massage, or can be a continuing form of stress reduction therapy
when done on a regular basis, as in the office setting
A. Chair Massage
B. Pampering
C. Chiropractic adjunct
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29. Different origin of the word massage are the following except one,
A. mass
B. mass’h
C. masser
D. massege

30. This details will enable you to contact the client quickly should you need to
cancel or change an appointment or for any other reason.
A. personal records
B. doctors records
C. physical records
D. school records
II. TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if false.
_______31. Drink plenty of water to hydrate & flush toxins.
_______32. You may feel a little light headed after the hot stone massage &
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body massage aftercare
_______33. Home care advice is very beneficial for the client, as it involves
them in the treatment and encourages them to take control of their
condition.
_______34. Immediate bathing should be avoided, at least 6 hrs. after the

service is being advised.
_______35. Aftercare products may include but is not limited herbal products
and body oils.
_______36. Eat light, easy to digest meals
_______37. For the tense, overworked client she may be advised to reduce
workload, that s/he makes time to rest, takes a relaxing bath and
goes to bed early.
_______38. Deep breathing exercises are helpful to everyone as they increase
the intake of oxygen and the elimination of carbon dioxide.
_______39. After any massage, spa or holistic treatment, try to rest and relax
for the rest of the day, if not, for a few hours at least.
_______40. Making the clients feel welcome and at home with a friendly
“Hello is a nice gesture or strategy used in rebooking clients.
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III. Fill in the blanks
Direction: Choose your answer from the box below and write it on the space provided.
41. _______ is the chance, great or small that someone will be harmed by the
hazard.
42. _______ is technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you covered while
you’re getting a massage.
43. An ______ is a region of the body in which nerves arteries, or vein lay close to
the body’s surface.
44. The time to gather and exchange information with the client is called _____.
45. _______refers to standards and conducts of behaviour of an individual or
professional group.
46. __________refers to the type of massage treatment that might be found in some
spa and hair salons.
47. Massage is thought to increase _____ which is desirable in many conditions.
48. _________ is the name of a workplace organization method that uses a list of
five Japanese words.
DRAFT
49. To gain the _____ of clients and establish an excellent reputation,
50. A customer first impression of your practice is formed during their first ____ of
contact over the phone or in person
draping endangerment site risk ethics pampering
blood flow 5’s methodology consultation confidence
interpersonal communication
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Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)
Content Standards Performance Standards
The learner demonstrates The learner independently creates a plan

understanding of one’s PECs in of action that strengthens/ further develops
Wellness Massage. his/her PECs in Wellness Massage.
Introduction
In this module you will learn more about entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial
competencies related to Wellness Massage. You will have a first-hand experience
in educational activities leading to personal assessment of your entrepreneurial
competencies and assessment of entrepreneurial competencies of a successful
Wellness Massage within your province. You will also have some activities to align
your competencies with the competencies of successful practitioners. Moreover, this
module is designed to stimulate your mind to think about entrepreneurship, its role in
the business community in particular and to the economic and social development in
DRAFT
general.
Now, to start with this module, let us first understand entrepreneurs and
entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurs are people with skills and capabilities to see and evaluate
business opportunities. They are individuals that can strategically identify products
or services needed by the community and they deliver these at the right time and the
right place.
Entrepreneurs are agent of economic change; they organize, manage and

assume risks of a business. Some of the good qualities of an entrepreneur are
opportunity seeker, risk taker, goal setter, excellent planner, a confident problem
solver, hardworking, persistent and a committed worker.
Entrepreneurship on the other hand is not just a simple business activity. It is a

strategic process of innovation and new venture creation.
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Basically, entrepreneurship is both an art and science of converting business ideas
into marketable products or services to improve the quality of living.
Now that you have a little background knowledge about entrepreneur and
entrepreneurship, can you now walk through in assessing your Personal Entrepreneurial
Competencies (PECs)? Always remember that “Successful entrepreneurs continuously
develop and improve their PECs.”
To begin with, let us first try to find out the competencies you will master after
finishing this module.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
-- Identify areas for improvement, development and growth;

-- Align your PECs according to your business/career choice; and
-- Create a plan of action that ensures success in your business/career
choice
DRAFT
Now that you have an idea about the enabling knowledge and skill that you
will develop/achieve and master, try to take the first challenge in this module -- the pre
assessment.
PRE ASSESSMENT
As part of your initial activity, you will be challenged to dig deeper your
knowledge and previous experiences on the topic. Try to diagnose/assess what you
already know about personal entrepreneurial competencies by answering the Task 1.
Task 1: Matching Type
Direction: Match the entrepreneurial competencies in column A with their

meaning in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided
before
A B
____1. Creative a. make a wise decision towards the set
objectives
____2. Profit Oriented b. strategic thinking and setting of goals
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____3. Discipline c. trust in one’s ability
____4. Decision Making d. adoptable to change
____5. People Skill e. innovative to have edge over other competitors
____6. Planner f. solid dedication
____7. Self-confidence g. skillful in record keeping
____8. Hardworking h. always stick to the plan
____9. Ability to accept change i. working diligently
____10. Committed j effective and efficient communication
and relation to people
k. always looking for income
Task 2: Guide Questions
Direction: The following are guide questions which encapsulate the entire
module. Write your answers on your assignment notebook, then share these
to class.
DRAFT
A. Explain why entrepreneurial are activities important to social development
and progress of the economy.
B. What entrepreneurial activities do you know and capable of doing which
are related to Wellness Massage?
C. Given the opportunity to own a business that relates with Wellness
Massage, are you confident to manage it? Explain your answer.
D. What do you think are the most important competencies you must
possess in order to be a successful in running your chosen business?
E. Name successful entrepreneurs from your province whose business is
related to Wellness Massage. Be able to share to the class their PECs that
made them successful.
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LEARNING GOALS AND TARGET
After reading and understanding the objectives of this module and

having gone through pre-assessment and answering the guide questions, you
will be asked to set your own personal goals. These goals will trigger you to
further achieve the ultimate objective of this module. In the end, these goals
would motivate you to learn more about PECs.
Goals and Learning Ultimate

Targets Activities Goal
Figure 1: Strategic process to achieve the objectives of this module
READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

After setting your own personal goals and targets to achieve the objectives
of this module, check first your inherent knowledge of PECs. Try to answer the
following guide questions with the help of your classmates.
DRAFT
Task 3: Group Activity
Direction: Answer the following guide questions on a separate sheet of

paper. Share your answer to the class.
1. Explain the importance of assessing one’s PECs before engaging in a

particular entrepreneurial activity.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_____________________.
2. Are there other strategies or approaches where you can assess your
PECs? Explain how these would become more useful in selecting a
viable business venture.
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________.
3. What are the desirable personal characteristics, attributes, lifestyles,
skills and traits of a prospective entrepreneur? Why do you think these
are important?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_____________________.
4. Why is there a need to assess one’s PECs in terms of characteristics,

attributes, lifestyles, skills and traits before starting a particular business?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
DRAFT
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_____________________.
5. What is the significance of evaluating PECs of a successful entrepreneur?

What helpful insights can you draw from this activity?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_____________________.
How was your experience in answering the guide questions with your
classmates? Were you able to benefit from them? What were the insights you
have realized?
Now, this time you’re going to study the different topics that will enrich
your knowledge of PECs. Read carefully all the important details about the
succeeding topic.
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Know
Assessment of Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and

skills vis-à-vis a practicing entrepreneur/employee in a province.
The entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics

that should be possessed by an individual in order to perform entrepreneurial
functions effectively. In this module, you will learn some of the most important
characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits of a successful entrepreneur
in order to be successful in a chosen career.
Below are few important characteristics/traits/attributes of a good

entrepreneur:
• Hardworking: One of the important characteristics of a good

entrepreneur is hardworking. This means habitually working
diligently for a long period of hours. Hardworking people keep
DRAFT
on improving their performance to produce good products and or
provide good services.
• Self-confident: Entrepreneurs have confidence in one’s ability and

own judgment. They exhibit self-confidence in order to cope with all
the risks of operating their own business.
• Discipline: Successful entrepreneurs always stick on the plan and

fight the temptation to do what is unimportant.
• Committed: A good entrepreneur accepts full responsibility of

everything in his/her business. He/she gives full commitment and
solid dedication to make the business successful.
• Ability to accept change: Nothing is permanent but change.

Change occurs frequently. When you own a business, you should
cope-up and thrive on changes. Capitalize on positive changes to
make your business grow.
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• Creative: An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to
stay in the business and in order to have an edge over the other
competitors.
• Has the Initiative: An entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must

put yourself in a position where you personally are responsible for
the failure or success of your business.
• Profit-Oriented: You enter into the world of business to generate

profit or additional income. This shall become your bread and
butter and for your family as well. Therefore, you must see to it the
business can generate income.
Listed below are the important skills of a successful entrepreneur.
• Planner: Planning is a strategic thinking and setting of goals to

achieve objectives by carefully maximizing on all the available
resources. A good entrepreneur develops and applies step-by-step
plans to realize goals. A good entrepreneur knows that planning is
an effective skill only when combined with action.
DRAFT
• People Skills: Is a skill which is very important in order to be
successful in any kind of business. People skills refer to an effective
and efficient communication and relation to people working in and
out of your business. In day-to-day business transactions, you need
to deal with people. A well- developed people skills can spell out the
difference between success and failure of the business.
• Decision Making: Successful entrepreneurs have the ability to

think quickly and make a wise decision towards the pre-determined
set objectives. No one can deny that the ability to make decision
is an important skill that an entrepreneur should possess. Sound
decision should spring out from given facts/information and should
be towards the pre-determined objectives.
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Process
In order to firm up what you have learned and to have a better appreciation
of the different entrepreneurial competencies, try to read the PECs checklist
presented below, and then answer the same.
Task 4: PECs Checklist

Directions: Using the PECs Checklist, assess yourself by indicating a check
(/) mark in either strengths and/or development areas column. Interpret the
results by counting the total number of check marks in each of the columns.
After accomplishing the checklist, form a group and share your insights and
experiences why you come up with that personal assessment.
Table 1: PECS Checklist
Personal Assessment in terms of:

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies of Development
Strength
an Entrepreneur Areas
DRAFT
Hardworking - Working diligently
Self-confident - Confidence in one’s
ability
Discipline - Always stick to the plan
Committed - Solid dedication
Ability to accept change - Adoptable to
change
Creative - Innovative to have edge over
other competitors
Profit-oriented - Always looking for
income
Planner - Strategic thinking and setting of
goals
People Skill - effective and efficient
communication and relation to people
Decision Making - make a wise decision
towards the set objectives
TOTAL
Interpretation/Insights:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
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Reflect and Understand
How was your experience in discovering your strengths and the areas
to be developed? Did you gain valuable experience in exchanging insights with
your classmates? To learn more and deepen your understanding of PECs, do
the Task 5 below.
Task 5: Interview
Interview a successful Massage Therapist or entrepreneur in your
province whose type of business is related with Wellness Massage. Focus
your interview on PECs and other business-related attributes that help them
become successful. Analyze the result of the interview and reflect on the
similarities and/or differences. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Sample Interview Guide

Name of Proprietor/Practitioner: ___________________________________
Age: _____________Number of Years in Business: ____________________
Business Name: _______________________________________________
DRAFT
Business Address: ______________________________________________
1. What are your preparations before you engaged in this type

business/job?
2. What are your special skills/characteristics that are related with
your business/job?
3. How did you solve business-related problems during the early
years of your business operation?
4. Did you follow the tips from a successful businessman/practitioner
before you engaged in your business?
5. What are your best business practices that you can share with
aspiring students?
6. What are the salient characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and
traits that made you successful in your business/job?
Note: Cull the needed information from the interview to supply answer/s
to Row 1 in the table below. Meanwhile, fill out the second row with your
PECs.
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Personal
Entrepreneurial Characteristics Attributes Lifestyles Skills Traits
Competencies
Successful
Entrepreneur in
the province
My PECs
Using the information on the table above, analyze and reflect on the
similarities and differences in your answers. Put your reflection on the
table below. Write your conclusion on the space provided below.
Personal
Entrepreneurial
Competencies DRAFT Similarities Differences
Characteristics
Attributes
Lifestyles
Skills
Traits
Conclusion:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________ .
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Transfer
After performing the activities on the importance of PECs, let’s determine

how much you have learned. Perform the Task 6 to determine how well you
have understood the lesson.
Task 6: Preparation of a Plan of Action
Directions: Using the table below and the information generated from Task 5
(Interview), prepare an action plan that indicates how you would align
your PECs to the PECs of the successful entrepreneur Wellness
Massage in your province.
Objective Area Activities Strategies Time Expected

Frame Outcome
To align my Characteristics
PECs with
the PECs of
DRAFT
a successful
entrepreneur
Skills
in
Caregiving.
Attribute
Traits
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Task 7: Essential Questions
Direction: Read and study the following questions below. You may use a
separate sheet of paper or your notebook to write your answers.
1. Why is there a need to compare and align your PECs with the PECs of
a successful entrepreneur?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.
2. How does your action plan help sustain your strong PECs and/or address
your development areas?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
DRAFT
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.
3. What plan of action would you do to address your development areas?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________.
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ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)
Content Standards Performance Standards
The learner demonstrates The learner independently creates
understanding of environment and a business vicinity map reflective
market in Wellness Massage in of potential market in Wellness
one’s province. Massage in a province.
Introduction
People who aspire to start a business need to explore the economic,
cultural and social conditions prevailing in the area. Needs and wants of the
people in a certain area that are not met may be considered as business
opportunities. Identifying the needs of the community, its resources, available
raw materials, skills, and appropriate technology can help a new entrepreneur
in seizing a business opportunity.
To be successful in any kind of business venture, potential entrepreneurs

should always look closely at the environment and market. They should always
be watchful on the existing opportunities and constraints. The opportunities
in the business environment are those factors that provide possibilities for a
DRAFT
business to expand and make more profits. Constraints, on the other hand
are those factors that limit the ability to grow, hence reduces the chance of
generating profit. One of the best ways to evaluate the opportunities and
constraints is to conduct (Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats)
SWOT Analysis.
SWOT analysis is a managerial tool to assess the environment. This

gathers important information, which in turn is used in strategic planning.
Strengths and Weaknesses are internal in an organization. Basically they relate
to resources owned by organization, things that you have control over and as
well as the extent of its marketing.

Opportunities and Threats exist in the external environment. Opportunities
relate to the market, to the development of new technologies, and external
factors such as government policies, climate, trends. Threats relate to what the
competition is doing as well as legal and other constraints.
26
Now that you have read some of the important considerations to look
into to be successful in any business, you are now ready to explore more about
the environment and market.
To begin with, let’s first try to find out the competencies that you will
master after finishing this module.
OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
- Identify what is of “Value” to the customer;
- Identify the customer to sell to;
- Explain what makes a product unique and competitive;
- Apply creativity and innovative techniques to develop marketable
product; and
- Employ a Unique Selling Proposition (USP) to the product/service.
Now that you have an idea about the things you will learn, try to take the
first challenge in this module-- the pre assessment.
PRE ASSESSMENT
DRAFT
Task I: Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. This is generated by examining what goods and services are sold

outside by the community.
A. Business Creation C. Business Concept
B. Business Pricing D. Business Idea

2. A process of making a new product to be sold to the customers.
A. Product Analysis C. Product
Development
B. Product Conceptualization D. Product
Implementation

3. These are luxuries, advantages and desires that every individual
considers beyond necessary.
A. Wants C. Requirements
B. Desires D. Needs
27
4. This is the factor or consideration presented by a seller as the reason that
one product or service is different from and better than that of the competition.
A. Unique Selling Plan C. Unique Pricing
Policy
B. Unique Selling Proposition D. Finding Value-
Added
5. In this stage the needs of the target market are identified, review and
evaluated.
A. Concept Development C. Project Development
B. Economic Analysis D. Refine Specification
6. This is the introduction of new idea to make the product and services
more attractive and saleable to the target customers.
A. New Idea C. Product
Development
B. Creativity D. Innovation
7. A managerial tool used to assess the environment to gather important

information used for strategic planning.
DRAFT
A. Environmental Scanning C. WOTS Analysis
B. SWOT Analysis D. Survey Analysis
8. A marketing practice of creating name, symbol or designs that

identifies and differentiate a product from the other products.
A. Product Naming C. Branding
B. Unique Selling Proposition D. Tagline
9. This is a meaningful and unforgettable statement that captures the

essence of your brand.
A. Product Naming C. Branding
B. Unique Selling Proposition D. Tagline
10. These are the things that people cannot live without.
C. Wants C. Requirements
D. Desires D. Needs
28
Task 2: Guide Questions:
Direction: Read and study the guide questions below. You may use a
separate sheet of paper to write your responses to the guide
questions.
How does one determine the product or services to be produced and/or to
be offered/delivered to the target customers?
1. How does one select an entrepreneurial activity?
2. When can one say that a certain product has a “value”?
3. Is innovation and creativity to your product/services important? Explain.
4. How can one effectively respond to the needs of the target customer?
5. Express from the viewpoint of business owner the importance of scanning
the environment and market in generating business idea.
6. Using self-assessment, explain your level of confidence in formulating a
business idea.
7.
DRAFT
LEARNING GOALS AND TARGET
After reading and understanding the objectives of this module and

having gone through pre-assessment and answering the guide questions, you
will be asked to set your own personal goals. These goals will trigger you to
further achieve the ultimate objective of this module. In the end, these goals
would motivate you to learn more about Environment and Market.
Figure 2: Strategic process to reach the objectives of this module
READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

After setting your own personal goals and targets to achieve the objectives
of this module, you will have the opportunity to read and learn more about
environment and market. You too, will also be given a chance to do practical
exercises and activities to deepen your understanding of the topic.
29
Know
Product Development
When we talk of product development, we are referring to a process of
making a new product to be sold by a business or enterprise to its customers.
The product development may involve modification of an existing product
or its presentation, or formulation of an entirely new product that satisfies a
newly defined customer’s needs and/or want and/or a market place.
The term development in this module refers collectively to the entire
process of identifying a market opportunity, creating a product to appeal to the
identified market, and finally, testing, modifying and refining the product until
this will be ready for production. This product can be any item to be sold to
the consumers.
There are basic, yet vital questions that you can ask yourself about.
When you shall find acceptable answers to these, you may now say that you
are ready to develop a product/service.
1. For whom are the product/services aimed at?
DRAFT
2. What benefit will the customers expect from it?
3. How will the product differ from the existing brand? Or from their
competitor?
Likewise, needs and wants of the people within the area should also
be taken into big consideration. Everyone has his or her own needs and
wants. However, people have different concepts of needs and wants. Needs
in business are important things that every individual cannot do without in a
society. These include:
1. Basic commodities for consumption
2. Clothing and other personal belongings,
3. Shelter, sanitation and health
4. Education
Basic needs are essential to every individual so he/she may be able
to live with dignity and pride in the community of people. These needs can
obviously help you generate business ideas and subsequently to product
development.
Wants are desires, luxury and extravagance that signify wealth and
an expensive way of living. Wants or desires are considered above all the
basic necessities of life. Some examples are the eagerness or the passion
of every individual which are non- basic needs like; fashion accessories,
shoes, clothes, travelling around the world, eating in an exclusive restaurant;
watching movies, concerts, plays, having luxurious cars, wearing expensive
jewelry, perfume, living in impressive homes, and others.
30
Needs and wants of people are the basic indicators of the kind of
business that you may engage into because it can serve as the measure of
your success. Some other good points that you might consider in business
undertakings are the kind of people, their needs, wants, lifestyle, culture and
tradition, and social orientation that they belong.
To summarize, product development entirely depends to the needs
and wants of the customers. Another important issue to deal with is the key
concepts of developing a product. The succeeding topic shall enlighten you
about the procedure in coming up with a product.
Concepts of Developing a Product
Concept development is very critical phase in the development of a

product. From this stage, the needs of the target market are identified and
competitive products are reviewed before the product specifications are
defined. The product concept is selected along with an economic analysis
to come up with an outline of how a product is being developed. Below is a
figure that shows the stages of concept development of a product.
DRAFT
Figure 3: Concept Development
The process of product development follows the following steps:

A. Identify Customer Needs - Using a survey form, interviews,
researches, focus group discussions, and observations an entrepreneur can
easily
31
identify customers’ needs and wants. In this stage, the information that can
be possibly gathered here are product specifications (performance, taste,
size, color, shape, life span of the product, etc.). This stage is very important
because this would determine the product to be produced or provided.
B. Establish Target Specifications - Based on customers’ needs and reviews

of competitive products, you may now establish target specifications of
the prospective new product and/or services. Target specifications are
essentially a wish-list.
C. Analyze Competitive Products - It is imperative to analyze existing

competitive products to provide important information in establishing
product/services specifications. Other products may exhibit successful
design attributes that should be emulated or improved upon in the new
product/service.
D. Generate Product Concepts - After having gone through with the previous
processes, you may now develop a number of product concepts to illustrate
what types of product/service are both technically feasible and would best
meets the requirements of the target specifications.
DRAFT
E. Select a Product Concept - Through the process of evaluation between
attributes, a final concept is selected. After the final selection, additional
market research can be applied to obtain feedback from certain key
customers.
F. Refine Product Specifications - In this stage, product/service

specifications are refined on the basis of input from the foregoing activities.
Final specifications are the result of extensive study, expected service life,
projected selling price and among others are being considered in this stage.
G. Perform Economic Analysis - Throughout the process of product

development, it is very important to always review and estimate the
economic implications regarding development expenses, manufacturing
costs, and selling price of the product/services to be offered/provided.
32
A. Plan the Remaining Development Project - In this final stage of concept
development, you may prepare a detailed development plan which
includes a list of activities, the necessary resources and expenses, and a
development schedule with milestones for tracking progress.
Finding Value
People buy for a reason, there should be something in your product/services
that would give consumers a good reason to go back and buy for more.
There must be something that has to make you the best option for your target
customers; otherwise they have no reason to buy what you’re selling. This
implies further, that you offer something to your customers that they will make
them value or treasure your product/services.
The value that you incorporate to your product is called value proposition.
Value proposition is “a believable collection of the most persuasive reasons
people should notice you and take the action you’re asking for.” Value is
created by fulfilling deep desires and solving deep problems. This is what gets
the people moving, what gets spending for your product/service.
Innovation
DRAFT
Innovation is the introduction of something new in your product/services.
This may be a new idea, a new method or a device. If you want to increase
your sales and profit you must innovate. Some of the possible innovations
in your products are change of packaging, improve taste, color, size, shape
and perhaps price. Some of the possible innovations in providing services are
application of new improved methods, additional featured services and possibly
freebees.
33
Unique Selling Proposition (USP)
Unique Selling Proposition is the factor or consideration presented by a

seller as the reason that one product or service is different from and better than
that of the competition. Before you can begin to sell your product or service
to your target customers, you have to sell yourself on it. This is especially
important when your product or service is similar to those around you.
USP would require careful analysis of other businesses’ ads and
marketing messages. If you analyze what they say or what they sell, not just
their product or service characteristics, you can learn a great deal about how
companies distinguish themselves from competitors.
Here’s how to discover your USP and use it to increase your sales and
profit:
• Use empathy: Put yourself in the shoes of your customers. Always

focus on the needs of the target customers and forget falling in love with
your own product or services. Always remember, you are making this
product or providing for the target customers to eventually to increase
sales and earn profit and not making this product or services for yourself.
DRAFT
Essential question such as what could make them come back again and
again and ignore competition? Most possible answers will be focused
on the quality, availability, convenience, cleanliness, reliability, and
friendliness.
• Identify what motivates your customers. It is very important for you

to understand and find out what drives and motivates your customers
to buy your product/service. Make some efforts to find out, analyze and
utilize the information what motivates the customers in their decisions to
purchase the product/services.
• Discover the actual and genuine reasons why customers buy your
product instead of a competitor’s. Information is very important in
decision making. A competitive entrepreneur always improve their
products/services to provide satisfaction and of course retention of
customers. As your business grows, you should always consider the
process of asking your customers important information and question
that you can use to improve your product/services.
34
Process
In order to firm up your understanding about the topic previously

presented, you will be tasked to form a group and conduct an interview with a
successful entrepreneur/practitioner. You have to document this interview and
present this to the whole class for reflection and appreciation.
Task 3: Interview
Direction: Select a successful entrepreneur/practitioner. Conduct an interview

by utilizing the sets of questions below. Document the interview
and present this to the class.
1. How did you identify your customers?
2. What were your considerations in selecting your customers?
DRAFT
3. Explain how your product/services become unique to other product/s.
4. Did you consult somebody before you engage in this business? Cite
sample insights that you gained from the consultation.
5. What were your preparations before you started the actual business?
6. What creative and innovative techniques did you adopt to your product/
services? What was the effect of the innovative techniques to the sales and
profits of your business?
7. What strategy did you consider to have a unique selling proposition to

your product/service?
35
Task 4: Video Viewing
In order to deepen your understanding of the lesson, perform the

following tasks:
1. Browse the internet on topics related to:

a. Customers’ needs and wants;
b. Techniques in identifying customers’ needs and wants;
c. Creativity/innovations in products and services;
d. Unique selling proposition; and
e. Product development.
2. Prepare a short narrative report about the aforementioned topics. You
may highlight the “aspect” that intensifies your knowledge of product
development.
Transfer
DRAFT
Task 5: Product Conceptualization
Direction: Using the figures below develop your own concept for your
product/services.
36
Know
Generating Ideas for Business

The process of developing/generating business idea is not a simple
process. Some people just come to a bunch of business ideas, but some
really are without ideas. There are two problems that arise; first is the
excessive generation of ideas and that can make forever to remain dreaming
stage and second is when they don’t have ideas and want to become
entrepreneurs.
The most optimal way is to have a systematic approach in generating
and selecting business idea that will be transferred in real business. Here are
some basic yet very important considerations you may use to generate possible
ideas for business:
1. Examine the existing goods and services. Are you satisfied with the
product? What do other people who use the product say about it? How
can it be improved? There are many ways of improving a product from the
DRAFT
way it is made to the way it is packed and sold? You can also improve the
materials used in crafting the product. In addition, you introduce new ways
of using the product, making it more useful and adaptable to the customers’
many needs. When you are improving the product or enhancing it, you are
doing an innovation. You can also do an invention by introducing an entirely
new product to replace the old one.
Business ideas may also be generated by examining what goods and

services are sold outside by the community. Very often, these products are
sold in a form that can still be enhanced or improved.
2. Examine the present and future needs. Look and listen to what the
customers, institution, and communities are missing in terms of goods and
services. Sometimes, these needs are already obvious and felt at the
moment. Other needs are not that obvious because they can only be
felt in the future, in the event of certain developments in the community.
For example, a province will have its electrification facility in the next six
months. Only by that time will the entrepreneur could think of electrically-
powered or generated business such as photo copier, computer service,
digital printing, etc.
37
3. Examine how the needs are being satisfied. Needs for the products
and services are referred to as market demand. To satisfy these needs
is to supply the products and services that meet the demands of the
market. The term market refers to whoever will use or buy the products or
service, and these may be people or institutions such as other businesses,
establishments, organizations, or government agencies.
There is a very good business opportunity when there is absolutely no
supply to a pressing market demand.
Businesses or industries in the locality also have needs for goods and
services. Their needs for raw materials, maintenance, and other services
such as selling and distribution are good sources of ideas for business.
4. Examine the available resources around you. Observe what materials

or skills are available in abundance in your area. A business can be started
out of available raw materials by selling them in raw form and by processing
and manufacturing them into finished products. For example, in a copra-
producing town, there will be many coconut husks and shells available as
“waste” products. These can be collected and made into coco rags/doormat
and charcoal bricks and sold profitably outside the community.
A group of people in your neighborhood may have some special skills that
DRAFT
can be harnessed for business. For example, women in the Mountain Province
possess loom weaving skills that have been passed on from one generation to
the next generation. Some communities there set up weaving businesses to
produce blankets, as well as decorative items and various souvenir items for
sale to tourists and lowland communities.
Business ideas can come from your own skills. The work and experience
you may have in agricultural arts, industrial arts, home economics, and ICT
classes will provide you with business opportunities to acquire the needed skills
which will earn for you extra income, should you decide to engage in income-
generating activities. With your skills, you may also tinker around with various
things in your spare time. Many products were invented this way.
38
5. Read magazines, news articles, and other publications on new
products and techniques or advances in technology. You can pick up
new business ideas from Newsweek, Reader’s Digest, Business Magazines,
“Go Negosyo”, KAB materials, Small-Industry Journal. The Internet serves
as a library where you may browse and surf on possible businesses. It will
also guide you on how to put the right product in the right place, at the right
price, at the right time.
Listing of possible businesses to set up in an area may also be available
from banks or local non-government organizations.
Key concepts of selecting a Business Idea

Once you have embarked on identifying the business opportunities,
you will eventually see that there are many possibilities that are available for
you. It is very unlikely that you will have enough resources to pursue all of
them at once. Which one will you choose?
You have to select the most promising one from among hundreds and
one ideas. It will be good to do this in stages. In the first stage, you screen your
ideas to narrow them down to about five choices. In the next stage, trim down
the five choices to two options. In the final stage, choose between the two and
DRAFT
decide which business idea worth pursuing.
In screening your ideas, examine each one in terms of the following
factors:
1. How much capital is needed to put up the business?
2. How big is the demand for the product? Do many people need this
product and will continue to need it for a long time?
3. How is the demand met? Who are processing the products to meet
the need (competition or demand)? How much of the need is now
being met (supply)?
4. Do you have the background and experience needed to run this
particular business?
5. Will the business be legal, not going against any existing or
foreseeable government regulation?
6. Is the business in line with your interest and expertise?
39
Your answers to these questions will be helpful in screening which ones
from among your many ideas are worth examining further and worth pursuing.
Branding
Branding is a marketing practice of creating name, symbol or designs

that identifies and differentiates product/services from other products/services.
It is also a promise to your customers. It tells them what they can expect from
your product/ services and it differentiate your offerings from other competitors.
Your brand is derived from who you are, who you want to be and who people
perceive you to be.
Branding is one of the most important aspects of any business. An
effective brand strategy gives you a major edge in increasingly competitive
markets
The features of a good product brand are as follows:
- Delivers the message clearly
- Confirms your credibility
- Connects your target prospects emotionally
- Motivates the buyer
DRAFT
- Concretizes user loyalty
Here are some simple tips to publicize your brand.

.
• Develop a tagline. Write a meaningful unforgettable, and easy to
remember statement that captures the essence of your brand.
• Get a great logo. Create a logo suitable to your business and

consistent with your tagline and place it everywhere.
• Write down your brand messaging. Select key messages you want

to communicate about your brand.
• Be true to your brand. Deliver your brand promise.
• Be consistent. Be reliable and consistent every time.
40
Process
In generating business idea, you should first identify what type of

business is suited to your business idea. You should analyze and scan the
potential environment, study the marketing practices and strategies of your
competitors, analyze the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and the
Threats in your environment to ensure that the products/goods and services
you are planning to offer will be patronized within the easy reach by your target
markets/consumers.
Bear in mind these simple rules for successful SWOT analysis.
• Be realistic about the strengths and weaknesses of your business when
conducting SWOT analysis.
• SWOT analysis should distinguish between where your business is today,

and where it could be in the future.
• SWOT should always be specific. Avoid any grey areas.
• Always apply SWOT in relation to your competition i.e. better than or
DRAFT
worse than your competition.
• Keep your SWOT short and simple. Avoid complexity and over analysis
• SWOT is subjective.
Task 6: SWOT Analysis
Direction: In generating a business idea, environmental scanning is very
important. Utilize the SWOT analysis table below to list up all your observations.
Consider the strategies below to select the best business idea.
Strength (S) Weaknesses (W)
- -
- -
Opportunities (O) Threats (T)
- -
- -
Strategize:
• SW – Utilize the strengths to overcome the weakness
• OS - Capitalize on the opportunities and strengths to eliminate the
weakness
• ST – Maximize on your strengths to eliminate the external threats
41
• OT – Take advantage of the available opportunities to eliminate the
external threats.
Strategies/Activities:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________
Analysis:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________
My Best Business Idea:
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
DRAFT
In order to deepen your understanding of the topics previously discussed,

you will be asked to perform the following activities:
Task 7: Extra Readings and Video Viewing

Reading books and watching videos have been considered as one
of the most effective educational activities that help learners deepen their
understanding of certain topic. In this particular circumstance, you will be asked
to conduct an extra readings and video viewings on the following topics.
A. Steps in selecting business idea
B. Criteria of a viable business idea
C. Benefits of a good brand
D. Ways on developing a brand
After successfully performing the assigned task, make a narrative report

about this and share it to the class.
42
Task 9: Making my own Logo
Direction: Generate a clear appealing product brand with logo and tagline.
DRAFT
43
QUARTER 1
PLAN THE WELLNESS PROGRAM OF CLIENTS
Overview
What does it mean to focus on wellness?
Even during the ancient times, people were aware on curing ailments.
Massage was introduced and found in the caves. Wall drawings
and paintings show people massaging each other. A mixture of artefacts also
found which contain traces of fats and oils mixed with herbs. These indicate that
lubricants may have been used, perhaps for healing, soothing or beautifying
purposes.
Nowadays, the traces of these curing ailments are very visible
to us. Different massage techniques are now being practiced. The essence of
enhancing the life style of everyone is to protect ones physical well-being and
to improve his ability in coping up stressors.
DRAFT
Frequently, these are simple techniques that most people just don’t give
attention to. How many times we said or heard others say, “I don’t have time
to exercise” or “I don’t have time to relax?” Thus, a very important contributor
to wellness is attitude: a thought process that influences the way a person
approaches dealing with life.
This motivated most of the health professionals focus on treating these
ailments and several wellness programs are being implemented in offices,
hotels and even schools respectively. Also, wellness massage parlors are now
sprouting anywhere. Their focus is to encourage everyone to kick unhealthy
habits as well as to develop a sustainable plan to maintain their health and
wellness. This also helps to take preventive measures to control illnesses and
unhealthy behavior in an attempt to manage the cost of health care, reduce
absenteeism and improve morale.
Having thought of busy schedule now is the time to plan your wellness
program!
44
Pre-Test 1
A. Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your
choice in your quiz notebook.
1. This refers to the type of massage treatment commonly in some spa and
hair salons.
B. Pampering
C. Sports Massage
D. Relaxation/ stress reduction
2. As early as 3000 BC, who among the nationalities practiced massage to

cure ailments and improve general health.
A. Chinese
B. Japanese
C. Vietnamese
D. Swedish
DRAFT
3. The Greek physician who used massage with oils and herbs to treat
medical conditions and diseases.
A. Herodicus
B. Abacus
C. Hepartacus
D. Eherodicus
4. The most widely used form of massage used for relaxation.

A. body massage
B. stone massage
C. sports massage
D. pregnancy massage
5. A rapidly growing field encompasses athletic training massage, and

massage designed to help an athlete prepare for competition and
recover from competing.
B. Pampering
C. Sports Massage
45
6. The lymphatic drainage system removes excess
A. fats
B. fluid
C. water
D. sweat from all over the body, returning it into the bloodstream
7. This can be done as an introduction to massage for clients who may

not come in for an office massage, or can be a continuing form of stress-
reduction therapy when done on a regular basis, as in the office setting
A. Chair Massage
B. Pampering
8. This detail will enable you to contact the client quickly should you need to
cancel or change an appointment or for any other reason.
A. personal records
B. doctors records
C, physical records
D. school records
A. Chair Massage
B. Pampering
DRAFT
9. The type of massage used for stress reduction.

B. Pampering
C. Sports Massage
D. Relaxation/ stress reduction.
46
11. Per Henrik Ling developed a system of passive and active exercises
known as ‘Swedish Remedial Gymnastics’ and also a system of
massage movements. Ling used the terms, except one (1)
A. ‘effleurage’
B. ‘petrissage’
C. ‘vibration’
D. ventilation
12. This details will indicate whether massage will be helpful to this client
and will influence the type of massage to be given,
A. Past Personal Information
B. Past Medical History
C. Present Medical History
D. Present Personal Information
13. Massage that releases the chronic patterns of tension in the body.
A. deep tissue massage
B. stone massage
C. sports massage
D. hand massage
A. mass
B. mass’h
C. masser
DRAFT
D. massege
15. These details indicate whether massage would be suitable for the client.
A. Massage Analysis
B. Arabic Analysis
C. Therapeutic Analysis
D. Psychological Analysis

16. All are included in the five elements of balance except
A. water
B. metal
C. earth
D. air
47
17. Which statement is true?
A. metal controls wood
B. earth controls fire
C. fire controls wood
D. wood controls metal
18. _______details that will enable to contact the client quickly.

A. massage analysis
B. personal details
C. contra-indication
D. other information
19. A kind massage that uses heated stones during the treatment
A. deep tissue massage
B. sports massage
C. relexology
D. stone massage
DRAFT
20. The following programs can be offered in a massage salon except.
A. pedicure
B. manicure
C. weight management
D. face surgery
Got perfect?
CONGRATULATIONS! You may now proceed to the next topic.
Not perfect?
Go over your previous topic and review the content.
48
Know
History and Development
Massage in Ancient Times
The earliest evidence of massage being used is found in the cave

paintings of ancient cave dwellers. These wall drawings and paintings show
people massaging each other. Various artifacts also found contain traces of
DRAFT
fats and oils mixed with herbs. These indicate that lubricants may have been
used, perhaps for healing, soothing or beautifying purposes.
As early as 3000 BC, the Chinese practised massage to cure ailments

and improve general health. Records of this can be found in the British
Museum. Ancient Chinese books record lists of massage movements with
descriptions of their technique. One of these books, The Cong Fau of Tao-
Tse, also contains lists of exercises and massage used to improve general
health and well-being. The Chinese found that pressure techniques were very
effective on specific points and they developed special techniques called amma
(see Figure 1). This was the beginning of the development of acupressure and
acupuncture.
49
Fig.1 Ancient Chinese acupuncture and massage study figure, showing
treatment points.
DRAFT
Fig. 2 This ancient Persian document shows bathing and massage in a

Turkish bath.
50
These massage techniques spread to Japan, where they were further
developed. The Japanese used similar pressure techniques on specific points,
which they called tsubo. This form of massage has been practised over the
centuries; it has recently regained recognition and popularity and is now known
as shiatsu. Many therapists have studied these techniques, which they combine
with other forms of treatment for the benefit of their clients.
Records show that the Hindus practised massage as part of their
hygiene routines. A sacred book called the Ayur-Veda (The Art of Life), which
was written around 1800 BC, describes how shampooing and rubbing were
used to reduce fatigue and promote well-being and cleanliness.
The Egyptians and Persians used massage for cosmetic as well as
therapeutic effects (see Figure 2). They mixed fats, oils, herbs and resins for
care of the skin and beautifying the body and face. Pots and jars containing
these creams have been found in Egyptian tombs. Cleopatra is said to have
bathed in milk and then to have been massaged with aromatic oils and creams
by her handmaidens.
The practice of massage spread from the east into Europe, where it was
well established by 500 BC.
Massage in Classical Greece and Rome
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The Greeks believed in the cultivation of a healthy mind and body,
which is similar to the ‘holistic approach’ practised by many people today.
Rituals of bathing, massage, exercise or dancing were practised by men and
women. They encouraged the pursuit of physical fitness and organised regular
sporting, gymnastic and athletic competitions. Massage was used before
events to improve performance and after events to relieve fatigue and aid
recovery. Gladiators and soldiers were massaged before battle to give vigour
and promote fitness and health, and afterwards to aid recovery, healing and
relaxation. Homer writes in the poem The Odyssey of Greek soldiers being
rubbed with oils and annointed by beautiful women to aid their recovery and
regain strength on return from battle.
Around 500 BC the Greek physician Herodicus used massage with oils and
herbs to treat medical conditions and diseases. Hippocrates, who is now
thought of as the father of medicine, was a pupil of Herodicus. He began to
study the effects of massage on his patients. He concluded and recorded
that ‘hard rubbing binds, soft rubbing loosens, much rubbing causes parts to
waste but moderate rubbing makes them grow’. Hippocrates also concluded
that it was more beneficial to apply pressure in an upward direction, i.e.
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towards the heart, as we practise today. In Hippocrates’ day, the function
of the heart and the circulation of the blood were not known. It is therefore
remarkable that he reached this conclusion only by observing the effect on the
tissues of different strokes. With our knowledge of the heart and circulating
blood we understand why pressure upwards is more beneficial: the condition
of the tissues improves because deoxygenated blood and waste products are
removed quickly as massage speeds up blood and lymph flow. Even without
the benefit of this knowledge, Hippocrates taught his pupils that massage
movements should be performed with pressure upwards to promote healing.
The Romans followed similar routines to the Greeks. They practised
bathing, exercise and massage for health and social relaxation. Large private
and public baths were built. These included water baths and steam rooms,
gymnasium and massage areas. The baths were maintained at different
temperatures and progress was made from cold to hot baths. Wealthy
Romans would use these daily for cleansing, exercising, relaxing and socialising.
Servants were always in attendance, with oils and creams to massage their
masters when required. The Romans built similar baths in the countries that
were conquered by their armies. Many such baths were built after the Roman
conquest of Britain in 55 BC, and their ruins can be seen in
Britain today in towns and cities such as Bath, Caerleon and St Albans.
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Massage techniques recorded from those times include manipulations known
as squeezing, pinching or pummelling. They relate to the petrissage and
percussion movements used today.
The Dark Ages to the Renaissance

Little is known about massage or health and beauty practices throughout
the Dark and Middle Ages, i.e. from the decline of the Roman Empire around
500 AD until the Middle Ages around 1400 AD. Few records remain from those
days of wars, strict religions, superstition and persecution. Little value was
placed on education, the arts, physical health and fitness.
Following this period came the Renaissance (rebirth) in 1450 AD.
Interest in the arts and sciences flourished and there was renewed interest
in health practices. Once again we see massage advocated and practised for
therapeutic purposes.
In the sixteenth century, the French surgeon Ambroise Paré (1517–90)
promoted and developed the use of massage. He was the personal physician
to four French kings. He is reputed to have successfully treated Mary Queen
of Scots with massage. Paré graded massage into gentle, medium and
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vigorous. We use similar categories today, namely soothing or relaxing,
general, and stimulating. Many other physicians copied his methods and
massage was established medically.
The Development of Modern Massage Techniques
Modern massage techniques have evolved mainly from a system

developed by a Swedish physiologist called Per Henrik Ling (1776–1839).
He developed a system of passive and active exercises known as ‘Swedish
Remedial Gymnastics’ and also a system of massage movements. Ling used
the terms ‘effleurage’, ‘petrissage’, ‘vibration’, ‘friction’, ‘rolling’ and ‘slapping’.
Most of these terms are still used today, but some changes and modifications
have been made in the groupings and names of manipulations.
Dr Johann Mezgner (1839–1909), a Dutch physician, developed
massage for use in rehabilitation and used it successfully to treat many diseases
and disorders. He adapted massage techniques in the light of his knowledge
of anatomy and physiology. His theories, based on sound scientific principles,
became accepted as medical practice and gained him many followers,
particularly in Germany and America.
The work of Ling and Mezgner established massage as an effective
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therapeutic treatment. Techniques were taught in medical schools and the
beneficial effects became widely recognised and accepted in the medical field.
In England, the eminent surgeon John Grosvenor (1742–1823) used massage
to treat joints. He recommended massage for the treatment of
rheumatism, gout and stiffness of joints.
Nurses were encouraged to train and use massage for the treatment of
patients, under the guidance of doctors. In 1894 a group of women founded
the Society of Trained Masseuses. Rules and regulations for training and
examinations for qualifying were established. These women raised standards
and fought to establish massage therapy as a reputable profession.
Twentieth-Century Developments
During the First World War the demand for massage to treat the injured grew
and many more massage therapists were trained. Membership of the Society
of Trained Masseuses grew and in 1920 it amalgamated with the Institute
of Massage and Remedial Exercise. In recognition of the valuable work
contributed by its members during the war, a Royal Charter was granted and
the title was changed to the Chartered Society of Massage
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and Medical Gymnastics. The title was changed again in 1943 and
became the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. In 1964 its members became
state registered. This protected and gave status to those qualified therapists
who were practising in clinics and hospitals, and made it impossible for those
without a recognised qualification to practise in hospitals.
With the development of alternative electrical-based treatments, the
use of massage to treat medical conditions declined. There was rapid growth
in electrotherapy and eventually massage ceased to be part of physiotherapy
training. It became little used as a therapeutic treatment in hospitals. There was,
however, a continuing demand for massage in clinics, health farms, fitness and
leisure centres.
In 1966 the City and Guilds of London Institute explored the possibility
of establishing a course in beauty therapy to include massage. This course
would provide thorough training, background knowledge and a recognised
professional qualification that ensured a high standard of practice. In 1968 the
first full-time course was offered in colleges of further education. The British
Association of Beauty Therapists and Cosmetologists, the International Health
and Beauty Council and other organisations also developed courses and
offered certificates and diplomas. The growth in complementary medicine and
the holistic approach to health has increased the demands for well-qualified
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practitioners, not only in massage but also in aromatherapy, reflexology,
shiatsu etc. Courses are now validated by the Health and Beauty Therapy
Training Board and therapists must meet the criteria of the National Council of
Vocational Qualifications.
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Enhancement Activity
Time Travel:
Let’s create a general history of massage using the given timeline.
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55
Let ‘s read more about...
Health Concepts of Massage

Massage therapist are trained to focus on the fact that the body is an
integrated organism and that in order to treat a person effectively, we must
look at the whole picture. This includes not only the physical symptoms but
also the way other factors such as lifestyle, diet, and activity level relate back
to the changes we are seeing in the body. When deciding how to treat a client,
therapists must focus on restoring balance to the system. Gathering as much
information as possible about the client so we can see how the body has
changed its function and work to correct the system.
Harmony of the Three Faculties (Mind, Body, Emotion)
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The International Spa Association (ISPA) Education Committee

developed the 10 Elements of the Spa Experience image shown. Their
goal was “to help define the elusive and ever changing nature of the spa
experience” and to “create a foundation, a common language, and career
path for the emerging spa professional.” Many concepts, important to the
practice of spa, emerge from the ISPA’s dialog around the 10 Elements
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image. The most important perhaps is the idea of integration. Everything is
connected. Feeling beautiful, feeling joyous, feeling healthy, and feeling
energetic are signs of a balanced life. A balanced life requires both reflection
and action. Spas provide a space where clients can experience each element
represented in the image and reflect on its presence or absence in their lives.
Movement and touch is an appreciation of beauty. It is also our connection
to the environment, cultural expression, social contribution, the healing quality
of water, and nourishment both of the body and the soul are the essential
concepts on which spa is founded. The spa experience can be life changing.
Far from being just a luxury, spa therapy represents the bold first step toward a
better form of health care. Its future is in the hands of those dedicated therapists
and visionary spa owners who have the ability to provide a space where clients
can experience balance and celebrate life while receiving exceptional care.
Balance of Five Elements (Wood, Fire, Water, Metal, Earth)
Thousands of years ago, people lived in a very close and interactive way
with Nature. They were affected by seasonal changes and weather much
more than we are today. Day in and day out the patterns of the seasons were
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observed and interactions between the elements were understood. If there
was a drought, there would be fire. Too much rain would bring flooding and
dampness. Springtime brought activity and planting ; winter was a time to rest
and reflect.
In China, this observation of the season and elements was also applied
to our bodies and used as a way to heal illness and understand health. This
tradition views the world as being made up of Five elements.
These five elements (also known as the Five Phases) are: Wood, Fire,
Earth, Metal and Water. Each element has many associated qualities. Each
element also has a season, color, taste and Yin/Yang Organ Meridian pair that
reflect some of those qualities.
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DRAFT
The Control Cycle balances the Creation Cycle by inhibiting or suppressing
the energy of the elements connected by lines to make a five pointed star.
• METAL controls WOOD by cutting it
• WOOD controls Earth by holding it in place with roots.
• EARTH controls WATER by containing and absorbing it
• WATER controls FIRE by extinguishing it.
• FIRE controls METAL be melting it.
Identifying the Vital Information of the Client
I. PERSONAL DETAILS - These details will enable you to contact the
client quickly should you need to cancel or change an appointment
or for any other reason. They will also enable you to seek advice
from his/her doctor should this be necessary.
• Name
• Address
• Date of birth
• Status
• Home and work telephone numbers
• Occupation
• Doctor’s name, address and telephone number
• Vital signs/ BP Temperature
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II. MASSAGE ANALYSIS - These details will again highlight contra-indications
that will indicate whether massage would be suitable for the client. They will
also provide information regarding the client’s previous experience of massage.
Did he/she find it beneficial; are there any preferences, likes and dislikes that
should be recorded?
• contra-indications
• has client received massage in the past?
• how long ago?
III. OTHER INFORMATION - This information will help you to formulate the
best treatment plan to meet the needs of the client. The plan should then
be fully explained to the client; he/she must be given the opportunity to ask
questions and given full answers to allay any concerns or fears. The long
term objective, the cost and timing must be agreed and a consent form
signed by the client reasons for requesting massage expectations from the
treatment any concerns or worries
• number of sessions
• did client benefit from the massage?
• reasons for requesting massage
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CLIENT’S DATA REPORT SAMPLE:
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Health History
1. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY - These details will enable you to establish

the client’s state of health; the likelihood of any contra-indications as
a result of past illnesses; whether particular care must be taken over
certain areas and whether medical referral is necessary. If the client
suffers from a condition that is an absolute contra-indication (see page
115 on), then massage must not be given.
• surgical operations
• pregnancies
• serious illness
2. PRESENT MEDICAL HISTORY - These details will indicate whether

massage will be helpful to this client and will influence the type of massage
to be given, e.g. if the client is stressed then a relaxing massage will
be the choice. If there is pain and stiffness then the massage will be
adapted to meet these needs.
• Medication
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• general health
• current treatments
• identification of stress: work, home or other sources
Let’s Try
Knowing your body and health condition would be a great help for a
massage therapist to know what kind of treatment he/she will apply to you.
Below are the lists of health conditions. Put a check in the column on the
health conditions that you have.
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CONTRA-INDICATION
Understanding contra-indications
Massage must always be given to bring about improvement, either of
specific conditions, or the general well-being of each client. Clients should
always feel that the treatment is beneficial and helping them to achieve their
desired results. Massage should never be given if there is any risk of harming
the client or making any condition worse.
The effects of massage may be harmful in certain circumstances. The
following explanations will help you to understand why massage should not be
carried out if certain conditions are present. There are dangers associated with
the following:
1. Cardio-vascular problems
Massage is thought to increase blood flow, which is desirable in many
conditions, but can be dangerous in others.
2. Lymphatic drainage
The lymphatic system removes excess fluid from all over the body,
returning it into the bloodstream. Because massage increases
lymphatic flow, the rate in which these toxic substances are carried and
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spread around the body is increased. Be particularly aware if the client
has swollen or painful lymph glands; do not massage, and seek
medical advice.
3. Skin contact and friction
As the hands move over the client’s skin, any bacterial, viral or fungal
infections can be spread over the skin to a non-infected area or onto the
therapist’s hands. Infections may be transmitted from client to therapist
or from therapist to client in this way.
4. The healing process
Any injury or damage to the tissues or fractures of bones must be allowed
to heal completely before massage is given to the area. If massage is
given before healing is complete, there is a danger of further damage to
the tissues and delaying the healing process.
5. Pins and plates
If massage is performed over an area where pins and plates have been
inserted to stabilise bones and joints, there is a danger of their becoming
loose, and also, through the pressure of massage over any protruding
parts, there is a danger of damaging the surrounding soft tissues.
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6. Allergic reactions
The oil or cream etc. used as the massage medium may cause an allergic
reaction in some clients. This will produce an excessive erythema: the
area becoming very red and hot or a rash may appear. Remove the
medium immediately and wash in warm water.
7. Fragile skin
There is always a danger of breaking down fragile, thin skin, causing
open wounds. Particular care must be taken with diabetics and anyone
on steroid treatments as the skin may be fragile and healing may be
slow. Plenty of lubrication and light pressure only must be used.
8. Infections
It is common sense to avoid touching anything infectious such as
athlete’s foot, eczema and also to treat someone if they have a contagious
disease such as chicken fox.
9. Inflammation
Deep massage worsens any type of inflammation, whether an inflamed
injury, irritable bowels, or an inflamed arthritic joint,. Indications of
inflammation include heat, pain or discomfort, swelling, and redness.
Light, gentle stroking, however, may offer some relief and comfort.
Treat undiagnosed inflammation under the skin (any unusual lump or
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bump) with caution. It may indicate a cyst that might burst or, more
worryingly, a cancerous growth.
10. Cancer
One school of thought postulates that massage can spread cancer
through the lymphatic system. While this remains unproven and there is
much evidence to dispute the theory, it is a good idea to obtain permission
from a doctor before massaging people with cancer.
11. Pregnancy and Full Stomach
During the first three months of pregnancy, do not massage with any
pressure on the abdomen and lower back, this is the most common
time period for miscarriage, and massage can stimulate contractions.
During the two or three days of menstruation, massage on the
abdomen and lower back may make bleeding heavier, check your
partners preference before giving a massage. Avoid massaging if
someone has just eaten, as the massage could make them feel
nauseated
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Guess the word. This game is also called “The charade” where the
students will get the chance to remember the lesson in a fun way.
Mechanics:
1. Group the students into two (2).
2. Write down the different contra indications on a piece of paper and place it
on a “Bowl of words”
3. Ask the group to assign somebody who will act out the contra indications
written on a piece of paper which he/she earlier picked on a “bowl of words”.
4. The remaining members of each team will get the chance to say their
guess in 1 minute time.
5. If the group have not given the correct answer, the contender of other
group get the chance to guess the word.
6. The group who got 3 correct answers will be announced as the winner.
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How to create Inter/Intra Personal Relationship
Information Gathering is important for the following reasons to
establish inter/intra personal relationship:
• Establishes a rapport with the client and put her/him at ease
• Develops mutual trust and gain the client’s confidence
• Gains information on the client’s past and present state of mental and
physical health
• Identify the client’s needs and expectations of the treatment
• Establishes the most appropriate form of treatment and to discuss and
agree this with the client
• Explains the treatment fully to the client, including the procedure, expected
effects,
• Answers queries and questions related to the treatment and to allay
doubts and fears.
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What are 5’s Methodology
It is important to consider safety measures in the workplace. It is not the

result of cleaning up once a week or even once a day. it is the result of keeping
the workplace cleaned-up all the time. It is an essential factor in a good safety
program, promoting safety, health production and morale.
Besides preventing accidents and injuries, good housekeeping saves

space, time and materials. When a workplace is clean, orderly, and free of
obstruction, work can get done safely and properly. Workers feel better, think
better, do better work, and increase the quantity and quality of work.
Japanese companies innovated a productivity philosophy called “5S,”

which stands for five Japanese words that refer to a methodology not only for
cleaning, but for business. The 5S methodology is all about eliminating waste,
speeding up daily tasks, and improving the quality of the workplace. You can
use the 5S methodology to help you organize your tasks at the end of every
working day.
1. Shitsuke (Self –Discipline) – this process involves extensive training for
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workers to perform their duties for proper practices and policies in their
workplace.
2. Seiri (Sort) – This is a process for identifying whether certain items are
needed, and those that are needed are immediately discarded to use
space effectively.
3. Seiso (sweep) – this is a process for keeping everything in the workplace
clean. Always keep equipments in full working order so that it can be used
at anytime.
4. Seiton (systemize) – this is a process for sorting tools and parts in an
order that facilitates their use.
5. Seiketsu (standardize) – this is a process for maintaining the seiri,
seiton, and seiso conditions in an effort to prevent every possible problem
from occurring. It is also a process for keeping your workplace clean by
classifying everything and eliminating unnecessary items.
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Wellness massage services and products
Massage theory and techniques are sometimes taught in isolation,

especially in the early portions of a massage training program. Students focus
on one skill at a time and then put them all together into an organized whole.
Alternately, you may have completed your massage training program so that
you can focus on specialization in spa therapies. In either case, it is helpful to
preview the big picture to better understand where and how different skills are
used during a wellness massage session—the type of massage session often
offered at spas.
The public seeks wellness massage to decrease stress, promote

relaxation, support the body’s natural restorative mechanisms, and have an
enjoyable experience that leaves the body feeling refreshed and revitalized.
Wellness massage is also used to reduce temporary pain from overexertion
caused by activities such as weekend athletics or by unusual work stress.
This type of massage is generally viewed as a healthy activity to promote a
balanced, functional life and is regularly promoted at spas, wellness centres,
private practices, and massage clinics.
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Some of the Services that may be offered in a wellness massage
Body Massage
1. Acupressure – A method of maintaining health, treating disease and

alleviating pain by applying pressure or massaging certain points on the
body surfaces. According to history , some 5000 years ago the Chinese
discover that soldiers who were wounded with arrows recovered from
chronic illnesses. Later on by rubbing pointed stones on various parts of the
body they were able to discover the acupuncture/ acupressure points.
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Fig. 1 Acupressure point Fig.2 Acupressure point Fig. 3 Acupressure
area of forehead, temples nape and back. point area of the
and nose. shoulder.
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2. Reflexology massage – science of body manipulation where in a
positive response is affected and brings back the body to normal by
using thumb and fingers.
• Manual therapy which makes use of the reflex points of the body
found foot and hand.
• Science deals with the principle that there are reflex areas in
the foot and hand that corresponds to all the glands, organs and
other parts of the body.
3. Swedish Massage (Our basic stress relief massage)
This is the most widely used form of massage used for relaxation.
Swedish affects the more superficial layers of muscles and connective
tissue. An example of techniques used is long strokes that stimulate
circulation.
4. Deep Tissue
A Deep tissue massage releases the chronic patterns of tension in the
body. It uses slow strokes and deep pressure with the use of fingers,
thumbs or elbows on contracted areas, either following or going across
the grain of muscles, tendons and fascia. It can be used for specific work
or full-body.
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5. Stone Massage
The addition of heated stones to a massage brings another level of
relaxation to major muscle groups and enables the therapist to work at
a deeper level. The stones can either be placed on the body or used as
an extension of the therapist’s hands.
6. Sports Massage
For the athlete, sports massage techniques are utilized at all stages:
pre-event, post-event, during training and to expedite rehabilitation after
injury. This involves compression and a variety of stretching techniques.
7. Pregnancy Massage
Massage can relieve fatigue, enhance sleep and calm an active baby.
Depending upon where you are in the pregnancy the therapist may
utilize reflexology, Swedish massage or very light shiatsu.
Let’s try this:
Activity 1: Minute Paper
Directions: Recall and describe in one sentence the following massage
services that may be offered in a wellness massage.
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Types of Massage
The seven (7) categories described below pretty much cover the field of
massage at the present moment. Each of these types of massage attracts its
own type of client, and requires its own set of skills on the part of the practitioner.
67
1. Relaxation/stress reduction. The most common kind of massage,
relaxation or stress reduction massage includes the types of treatments
common in resorts, spas, private offices and client’s homes. This category
would also include wellness massage, or preventive health massage.
2. Sports massage. This rapidly growing field encompasses athletic

training massage, and massage designed to help an athlete prepare for
competition and recover from competing.
3. Medical massage. Working by prescription, or in a hospital, or in a

physical therapist’s office, the medical massage therapist works with
pathologies, pain or recovery from injury. Medical massage can also be
adapted to a non-medical clientele, and practiced in a home setting.
4. Chiropractic adjunct. Working in chiropractors’ offices is becoming more

and more common, especially on the West coast. Some practitioners
operate relatively independently from the chiropractor, with a cross-
referral agreement. Others work by prescription of the chiropractor,
working on specific parts of the body that the chiropractor designates.
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5. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage. Some massage
therapists focus on the shifts in awareness and psychological insight
that can be brought about with massage. These therapists often work
by referral from psychotherapists. They often combine another form of
bodywork with massage.
6. Pampering. Probably a branch of relaxation massage, pampering refers

to the type of treatment that might be found in some spa and hair salons.
This treatment is usually thought of as more of a beautification treatment
than a health treatment, and might include salt glows, loofa rubs, and
light Swedish massage.
7. Chair massage. Massage or shiatsu done with clothing on, client

seated, in any location. This can be done as an introduction to massage
for clients who may not come in for an office massage , or can be a
continuing form of stress-reduction therapy when done on a regular
basis, as in the office setting.
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Let’s put into practice...
Get a partner and perform the following procedure.

1. Press the point area of the forehead. (refer to Fig.1 ) (refer to pp.
66, Fig. 1)
2. Release.
3. Place your thumbs on point 1 and with a downward sliding
stroke, massage the forehead for 8 seconds starting from the
center point (pt.1) going to the point area of the temples (pts. 2
and 3).
4. Repeat the procedure for 3 times
Note: This simple massage can relieve headache
Activity 2. Identification: Supply the answer for the following number.
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__________1. The most common kind of massage, relaxation or stress
reduction massage.
__________2. A kind of massage which works with pathologies, pain or
recovery from injury.
__________3. A massage designed to help an athlete prepare for a
competition and recover competing.
__________4. A massage that refers to the type of treatment that might
be found in some spa and hair salons.
__________5. Massage done with clothing on, client seated in any
location.
Variations of Wellness Massage Programs

In the industry of wellness Massage, report shows that 80% of spas have
introduced special packages targeted at diverse client groups, including men,
couples, teens, families, athletes, and seniors.
In Day spas (spa that offers a full range of treatments) services are
delivered à la carte or in packages and mainly focuses on beauty and/or
wellness.
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Sample Programs
a. Massage
b. Body Treatments
c. Hydrotherapy Treatment
d. Aesthetic Services
e. Weight Management
f. Yoga or Meditation
g. Hair Care
h. Manicures
i. Pedicures.
Consultation about health, diet, relationships, exercise goals could also be an

option
Client’s Need Assessment

In Roman times, the local spa was a focal point of the community and
enjoyed by all social classes. This is still the case in some parts of Europe
where spas are a part of the mainstream health care system. Although the
American spa industry encourages the idea that spa is for everyone and should
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be a regular part of a healthy lifestyle, there is still a bias in the social status of
individuals that attend spas. In the 1960s and the 1970s, the average American
spa client was most likely to be wealthy, female, and overweight. Her goals for
visiting the spa probably included weight loss, exercise, and pampering in the
form of beauty treatments.
The ISPA Spa-Goer Survey for 2003
showed that the primary spa client was
still female (87%) but has a middle to
upper middle class income ($72,200
annual household income). The number
Men of men attending spas is growing
Women
rapidly, and men currently comprise
29% of the market.
70
Post Test 1
. IDENTIFICATION.
Direction: Identify the essential term or phrase that best describes the statement
Write your answers in your quiz notebook.
______1. Refers to the type of massage treatment that might be found in some
______2. Practiced massage to cure ailments and improve general health
during early as 3000 BC,
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______3. The Greek physician who used massage oils and herbs to treat
medical conditions and diseases around 500 BC.
______4. The most widely used form of massage used for relaxation.
______5.The most rapidly growing field encompasses athletic training

massage, and massage designed to help an athlete prepare for
competition and recover from competing.
______6. This system which removes excess of fluids sweat from all over the
body, returning it into the bloodstream
______7. This can be done as an introduction to massage for clients who
may not come in for an office massage, or can be a continuing
form of stress-reduction therapy when done on a regular basis,
as in the office setting.
______8. These details will enable you to contact the client quickly should
you need to cancel or change an appointment or for any other
reason.
______9. This is the most common kind of massage, relaxation or stress
reduction massage includes the types of treatments common in
resorts, spas, private offices and client’s homes.
______10. A massage therapist which focus on the shifts in
awareness and psychological insight that can be brought
about with massage.
71
______11. Modern massage techniques have evolved mainly from a system
developed by a Swedish physiologist called Per Henrik Ling (1776–
1839).
______12. These details will indicate whether massage will be helpful to this
client and will influence the type of massage to be given.
______13. A massage that releases the chronic patterns of

tension in the body.
______14. What is the origin of the word massage?
______15. These details indicate whether massage would be suitable for the
client.
16-30 Complete the evaluation sheet.

Objective Identify the acupressure point area of the forehead, nose,
nape and back.
Title: Basic Acupressure Massage
Procedure: Write down the process on how to relieve headache by using
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acupressure massage. (16-19)
16.
17.
18.
19.
20-24. Draw the acupressure point area of the forehead and nose.
25-27. Draw the acupressure point area of the nape and back
Classification of massage 28. ______________
29-30. Remarks/ Evaluation
Date: __________________
Learner’s signature: _____________________
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QUARTER 2
Provide Pre-Service to Wellness Massage
Overview
In a most comprehensive fashion, major developments in the therapeutic

massage and bodywork profession have recently been brought to the forefront.
In this module, wellness services are described as those that specifically
promote health and wellbeing, (including the dimensions of wellness: physical,
intellectual, emotional/psychological, social, spiritual, occupational and
environmental) rather than diagnose and treat illness.
This could be via healthy lifestyles, psychosocial interventions for

individuals, families or groups. This might include a combination of smoking
cessation, weight management, alcohol brief interventions, physical activity
pathways, health trainers, social prescribing / referral, psychological well being
interventions, e.g. mindfulness and stress management.
DRAFT
There are a number of theories on the nature of wellness and a recent
review for counsellors has found the following commonalities between authors
in their interpretations:
Wellness is more than an absence of disease; it has several underlying

factors or dimensions that interact in a complex, integrated and synergistic
fashion - thus no one dimension operates independently; it is partially dependent
on personal responsibility requiring a balance between the dimensions and a
movement along a continuum towards optimal functioning.
Thus “wellness is conceptualized as a synergistic and multidimensional

construct that is represented on a continuum, not as an end state”. This proposed
holistic model includes seven integrated dimensions: physical, intellectual,
emotional, social, spiritual, occupational and environmental.
Wellness services that facilitate true community engagement can build on

what individuals themselves identify as supporting them to improve wellbeing.
It recognizes people as contributing to their own health and wellbeing and not
purely as receivers of costly services/interventions and also recognizes the
skills and experience of non-clinical staff and volunteers in supporting health
improvement.
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Lifestyle services providing health trainers and food workers can also be cost-
effective by saving costs on staff budgets releasing more costly professionals
to perform strategic and clinical duties. As lifestyle factors are interconnected,
providing an integrated holistic lifestyle person-centered service is potentially
more cost-effective, by aligning services thus reducing duplication of service
support structures, including buildings and staff. Wellness services to families
or groups could be more cost effective than one to one services as well as the
integrated, co-location of health and social care teams.
This learner material is updated with new standards and requirements

which provide the student with a comprehensive introduction to massage and
will also be of value to those already practicing in this field. The broad-based
information provided will guide the therapist towards safe and effective practice.
For those wanting to progress further, additional information explaining some
advanced massage techniques and the techniques of passive movements has
been included, together with the rationale for their use.
DRAFT
Pre Test 2
I. Complete the statement by writing the correct word or phrase.
Choose the best answer from the box below.
1. The most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to ____.
2. The _____ is a very important part of the treatment – sufficient time must
be allowed so that it is not rushed.
3 Look ______ – be clean, neat and tidy.
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4. A _____ provides support to people to live well, by addressing the factors
that influence their health and well-being.
5. One of the best practice in dealing with clients is to _____ and politely to
everyone. Do not use improper language.
6. Always practice the _____ standards of personal and salon hygiene
7. Communication is _____ when managers are surrounded with a pool of
information which is sometimes misinterpreted by the clients.
8. It is the standards and conduct of behavior of an individual or professional
group.
9. Consider the _____ in which you answer or speak on the telephone. Be

competent, helpful and pleasant..
10. _____ is any message which is against their values is not accepted.
11. Do your utmost to deliver the most effective treatment ____ to the needs
of the client.
12. In booking clients you should prepare a ____________.

13. To gain the _____ of clients and establish an excellent reputation.
DRAFT
14. A customer first impression of your practice is formed during their first
_______ of contact over the phone or in person.
15. The exchange of feelings and attitude in the communication process is
known as ____.
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II. MULTIPLE-CHOICE:
Direction: Read and analyze the statement carefully. Choose the answer
that best describes the statement. Write the letter on the space
provided.
_____16. A pleasant tone of voice in a telephone conversation.
A. shout
B. speak clearly
C. speak in a very low
D. speak very soft
____ 17. Create a friendly working relationship with ________.

A. colleagues
B. manager
C. clients
D. all
_____ 18 Do not make false claims for treatments, but explain the benefits.
A. fairly
B. reasonably
C. practically
DRAFT
D. realistically.
_____19. Before picking up the receiver, ______ any other conversation.

A. continue
B. halt
C. discontinue
D. disregard
_____ 20. It is defined as simply the exchange of messages by human

being.
B. Communication Standards
C. Communication Problem
D. miscommunication
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_____ 21. Be prepared with ________ when you answer the phone.
A..tissue paper
B. calendar
C. information form
D. pen and message slip
_____22. As the communication process continues, it becomes a
communication
A. cycle
B. stroke
C. routine
D. requirement
_____ 23. It is often said that human communication consist of

A. 93% body language while only 7% of communication consists
of words themselves.
B. 95% body language while only 5% of communication consists
of words themselves
C. 90% body language while only 10% of communication
consists of words themselves
D. 80% body language while only 20% of communication
DRAFT
_____ 24. Smile and the world Smiles With

A. Us
B. Others
C. You
D. All
_____ 25. For the consultation the client should be seated comfortably, with
the
A. doctor
B. dentist
C. specialist
D. therapist
26-30 Answer the question on a paragraph form.

In your own words define “Ethics” and how are you going to use this in
your business?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
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Know
Ethics refers to the standards and conduct of behavior of an individual

or professional group. Massage therapists must undergo a course of reputable
training to enable them to acquire the understanding and skills necessary to
carry out safe and effective treatment. In addition, they must consider their
standard of behavior in relation to colleagues, clients and the general public.
A high standard of professional conduct will gain the confidence of clients
and establish an excellent reputation, which is the basis for success. Abide by
the following code of practices:
1. Look professional. Be clean, neat and tidy.

2. Be punctual. Keep appointments, do not cancel at the last minute.
Always be on time for work.
3. Be discreet and refrain from gossip. Remember that clients often
confide personal problems during consultation. These facts and all
DRAFT
personal details must be treated with the utmost confidentiality. Do not
repeat information or gossip to colleagues or others.
4. Be loyal to your employer and colleagues. Create a friendly working
relationship with all.
5. Be honest and reliable . This will gain the trust of others and establish a
high reputation.
6. Do not make false claims for treatments. Explain the benefits fairly. Be
honest when advertising.
7. Speak correctly and politely to everyone. Do not use improper
language. Consider the manner in which you answer or speak on the
telephone. Be competent, helpful and pleasant.
8. Be polite and courteous at all times. There will be difficult clients to
deal with – learn to handle tricky situations with tact and diplomacy.
9. Know and abide by legal requirements and local authority by-laws,
rules and regulations for conducting your business.
10. Keep up to date with new theories, techniques and treatments.
11. Attend courses on a regular basis and keep in touch with other
professionals in your field.
12. Always practice the highest standards of personal and salon hygiene.
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Professional Conduct, Ethics and Preparation
Do your utmost to deliver the most effective treatment suited to the needs
of the client. Organize yourself and your business to ensure a smooth-running,
efficient service for the benefit of all concerned.
Communication Process
It is defined as simply the exchange of messages
by human beings. It is the transmission of ideas from the
sender to the receiver through channels. Communication is
not complete if there is no feedback or response from the
receiver back to the sender.
Segments in the Communication Process

The exchange of feelings and attitude in the communication process is
known as interpersonal communication.
- As the communication process continues, it becomes a communication
cycle.
DRAFT
Communication Barriers
1. Perceptual and language differences. Any message which is against their

values is not accepted. A same event may be taken differently by different
individuals. Perception is generally how each individual interprets the world
around him. All generally want to receive messages which are significant to
them.
2. Information Overload. Managers are surrounded with a pool of information.
It is essential to control this information flow else the information is likely to be
misinterpreted or forgotten or overlooked. As a result communication is less
effective.
3. Intention. At times we just not listen, but only hear. For example, a traveler
may not pay attention to one “NO PARKING” sign, but if such sign is put all over
the city, he no longer listen to it.
4. Time Pressures. Often in organization the targets have to be achieved
within a specified period of time, the failure of which has adverse consequences.
In a haste to meet deadlines, the formal channels of communication are
shortened or messages are partially given, i.e. not completely transferred. Thus
sufficient time should be given for effective communication.
5. Distraction/Noise. Communication is also affected a lot by noise to distractions.
Physical distractions are also there such as, poor lighting, uncomfortable sitting,
unhygienic room also affects communication in a meeting
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6. Emotions. While he takes differently if the communicator is happy and
jovial, in that case the message is interpreted to be good and interesting.
Emotional state at a time also affects communication. If the receiver feels that
communicator is angry he interprets that the information being sent is very
bad
TELEPHONE ETIQUETTE
Communication is an important part of our daily lives. Technology has
changed a lot of things, and the advent of telephone and mobile has meant
that we put across our ideas and thoughts without making an eye contact with
others.
Get ready for it..

• Sit up and smile
DRAFT
• Speak clearly and distinctly in a pleasant tone of voice.
• If the caller has reached the wrong person and/or department, be
courteous. Sometimes they have been transferred multiple times with a
simple question.
The Greeting
• A bright, cheerful greeting will lift most people’s spirits and set the
proper tone for the call
• Speak clearly and at a conversational pace; softly audible
• Do not mumble or race through the greeting. This can give the
impression that you do not have time for the caller.
• Thank you for calling Mr. X, my name is Joanne, How may I help you
today?
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Words and Phrases That Keep Callers Cool
Hello! I’m sorry to keep you waiting.

Good morning! Thank you for waiting.
Please, It was nice talking with you.
I’m very sorry. Thank you for coming in (for calling).
Excuse me, It’s been a pleasure to serve you.
You’re welcome. I’d be happy to do that for you.
May I help you? We appreciate your business.
Taking Messages
• Be prepared with pen and message slip when you answer the phone
• When taking messages be sure to ask for:
- Caller’s name (Ask the caller to correct spelling)
- Caller’s phone number and/or extension including code
number
• Repeat the message to the caller
• Be sure to fill in the date, time and your initials
• Place the message slip in the called party’s inbox or in a conspicuous
place in their office such as their chair.
DRAFT
• Do not forget that you can transfer them to voicemail instead of taking a
paper message, but do not forget to ask, “Would you like me to transfer
you to ____? Do not assume that the caller would rather go to voicemail.
Always ask first.
•
Why is it important?
• A customer ‘s first impression of your practice is formed during the first

few seconds of contact over the phone or in person.
• More than 80% of your first time customers call before coming into your
practice
• It is often said that human communication consist of 93% body language
… while only 7% of communication consists of words themselves.
• Whether answering the phone or making phone calls, using the proper
etiquette is a must in order to maintain a certain level of professionalism.
• Proper etiquette leaves callers with a favorable impression of you, your
department and the practice in general.
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How to End Conversation Gracefully
There are several ways that you can end a long phone call without making
up a story sounding dismissive. Leave the conversation open. Promise to finish
your conversation at another time. Tell the person how much you’ve enjoyed
speaking with him/her. As long as you are honest and polite with other person,
you should not have any problem ending a call or moving on to something else.
DRAFT
It’s time to act now!
This enhancement activity aims the student to have an overview of things

that may likely to happen during a phone conversation.
Let the student choose his/her partner and demonstrate the proper ways on
taking up phone calls. Use the checklist box for refere
Use the following pointers in observing the proper way of doing the activity.
Answer the following questions with Yes or No.
1. Get ready for it.
a. Does the student sit up straight and smiled?
b. Does he/she speak with a clear and with pleasant voice?
c. Does the students offered help to the caller like answering the
caller’s concern?
d. Does he/she refer the caller to the right person after knowing that
caller reached the wrong person?
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e. Is he/she ready with a pen and paper just in case the caller would
leave messages?
f. Does he/she get the correct information given by the caller?
Smile and the world Smiles With You

There are many characteristics that come across the phone:
Body Language
- Pleasantness
- Informative
- Courteousness
- Responsiveness
Sincerity-
- Confidence
- Rate of Speech
- Smile
Good Listener
- Recall ability
- Attentiveness
Greeting
- Vocal tone
DRAFT
Friendliness
- Articulate
- Attitude
- Helpfulness
Posture
- Demeanor
-
Three Myths about Callers
1. Callers try to make things difficult.

No they don’t, even if sometimes they do spell their name
two different ways. The Callers may not always be prepared to talk
to you. They may never call your department before. They may
not know what information they need to have handy. You need to
dialogue with them. The experience should be enjoyable for both of you.

2. Callers like to complain.
Of course there are chronic complainers- those who think
everything is overpriced and that they never get good service. And
you must provide them a courteous and professional service no m a t t e r
how difficult it might be. But most callers do not like to complain, in fact they
go out of their way to avoid it. Take time seriously when they do have
problems. Be attentive and respectful.
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3. Callers expect the impossible.
What seems like an impossible request maybe due to the c a l l e r ’ s

ignorance about a situation? Offer brief explanations when p o s s i b l e
and don’t assume the caller knows everything you do. You may say,
I’m sorry we have no more appointments on that day. We have a
limited number of appointment time set aside for that type of service.
Callers may not always be pleased but at least they will know the
limitations you must work with.
Remember most of your practice’s callers are satisfied. But those
callers don’t call. And since maybe with the unhappy minority, you
can get a lopsided view of what callers think and feel. Keep callers in
perspective!
DRAFT
Listening Skills
Listening is the ability to accurately receive and interpret messages i n
the communication process. Listening is key to all effective communication,
without the ability to listen effectively messages are easily misunderstood –
communication breaks down and the sender of the message can easily
become frustrated or irritated.
Listening is so important that many top employers provide listening skills

training for their employees. This is not surprising when you consider that
good listening skills can lead to: better customer satisfaction, greater
productivity with fewer mistakes, increased sharing of information that in
turn can lead to more creative and innovative work.
Many successful leaders and entrepreneurs credit their success to
effective listening skills. Richard Branson frequently quotes listening as one of
the main factors behind the success of Virgin. Effective listening is a skill that
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underpins all positive human relationships, spend some time thinking about and
developing your listening skills – they are the building blocks of success.
Good listening skills also have benefits in our personal lives, i ncluding:
greater number of friends and social networks, improved self-esteem and
confidence, higher grades at school and in academic work and even better
health and general well-being. Studies have shown that, speaking raises blood
pressure, listening brings it down.
“Listening is Not the Same as Hearing”

Hearing refers to the sounds that you hear, whereas listening requires
more than that: it requires focus. Listening means paying attention not only
to the story, but how it is told, the use of language and voice, and how the other
person uses his or her body. In other words, it means being aware of both
verbal and non-verbal messages. Your ability to listen effectively depends on
the degree to which you perceive and understand these messages.
DRAFT
“If we were supposed to talk more than we listen, we
would have two tongues and one ear.”
Mark Twain.
The 10 Principles of Listening

A good listener will listen not only to what is being said, but also to
what is left unsaid or only partially said. Effective listening involves observing
body language and noticing inconsistencies between verbal and non-verbal
messages.
1. Stop Talking
Don’t talk, listen. When somebody else is talking listen to what they
are saying, do not interrupt, talk over them or finish their sentences for
them. Stop, just listen. When the other person has finished talking you may
need to clarify to ensure you have received their message accurately.
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2. Prepare Yourself to Listen
Relax. Focus on the speaker. Put other things out of mind. The
human mind is easily distracted by other thoughts – what is for lunch, what
time do I need to leave to catch my train, is it going to rain – try to put other
thoughts out of mind and concentrate on the messages that are being
communicated.
3. Put the Speaker at Ease
Help the speaker to feel free to speak. Remember their needs and
concerns. Nod or use other gestures or words to encourage them to continue.
Maintain eye contact but do not stare – show you are listening and understanding
what is being said.
4. Remove Distractions
Focus on what is being said: do not doodle, shuffle papers, look out the
window, pick your fingernails or similar. Avoid unnecessary interruptions. These
behavior disrupt the listening process and send messages to the speaker that
you are bored or distracted.
5. Empathize
DRAFT
Try to understand the other person’s point of view. Look at issues from
their perspective. Let go of preconceived ideas. By having an open mind we can
more fully empathize with the speaker. If the speaker says something that
you disagree with then wait and construct an argument to counter what is said
but keep an open mind to the views and opinions of others.
6. Be Patient
A pause, even a long pause, does not necessarily mean that the
speaker has finished. Be patient and let the speaker continue in their own
time. Sometimes it takes time to formulate what to say and how to say it. Never
interrupt or finish a sentence for someone.
7. Avoid Personal Prejudice

Try to be impartial. Do not become irritated and do not let the
person’s habits or mannerisms distract you from what they are really
saying. Everybody has a different way of speaking: some people are for
example more nervous or shy than others, some have regional accents
or make excessive arm movements; some people like to pace whilst
talking; and others like to sit still. Focus on what is being said and try to
ignore styles of delivery.
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8. Listen to the Tone
Volume and tone both add to what someone is saying. A good speaker
will use both volume and tone to their advantage to keep an audience
attentive; everybody will use pitch, tone and volume of voice in certain
situations – let these help you to understand the emphasis of what is being
said.
9. Listen for Ideas – Not Just Words
You need to get the whole picture, not just isolated bits and pieces.
Maybe one of the most difficult aspects of listening is the ability to link together
pieces of information to reveal the ideas of others. With proper concentration,
letting go of distractions, and focus becomes easier.
10. Wait and Watch for Non-Verbal Communication

Gestures, facial expressions, and eye-movements can all be
important. We do not just listen with our ears but also with our eyes –
watch and pick up the additional information being transmitted via non-verbal
communication.
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
DRAFT
Activity 1: Enumerate the 10 Principles of Listening
4. 9.
5. 10.
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HOW TO BOOK CLIENTS
Got a vendor fair to go to?
Do not waste the time and money just getting a few more names o n
your email list. You really don’t need more names. You need customers!
Using this simple technique, you can use the same 2-3 hours to get actual
confirmed appointments!
Here’s how to get customers to book right there on your table.
STEP 1: Prepare appointment cards (do this exactly). Each card

represents an appointment slot with
Your Name _______________________________

Your Concern _____________________________
Your Email _______________________________
Your Phone ______________________________
DRAFT
Your Chosen Appointment Timeslot ___________
Print out fifteen of these “information collection forms” for people to fill
out. At the bottom of each information collection form
(where it says “Your Chosen Appointment
Timeslot”), use a pen to write a date and time
that corresponds to what you have already
written on one of your business cards.
The
For instance, if you wrote “June 12th at 3PM” on one of business card
your business cards – then you should also write “June 12th will be for your
at 3PM” at the bottom of one of your forms.
Repeat this procedure on all your forms until you have customer’s
one to match each business card. records. The
Now, using a paperclip, clip the paired cards and the information
forms together so that you have 15 matching sets form will be for
your copy.
STEP 2: Prepare the Collection Box
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Find or make an attractive, professional looking bag or box with an opening
on the top. This will serve as your appointment collection box.
STEP 3: Prepare the Instructions

Cut and paste the following into Word. Adjust the wording as needed
to suit your own business and special offering.Make it eye-catching. Print it
out.
STEP 4: Getting the Appointments
Set up all your brochures and fliers on the tabletop as usual. But
you should also dedicate about 1/3rd of the table space to laying out the
appointment cards in an attractive grid-like pattern. Put the instructions and
the collection box just behind the appointment cards, so that everything is
clearly visible. When the prospect comes to your booth and says, “What’s
this?”, use the following script (tailored to your own business)…
Enhancement Activity: Study and practice with your partner:

YOU: ”My name’s Tracy, I do Thai massages for muscle pain and stress
relief. I have had really amazing results especially with all kinds of pain and
DRAFT
stress conditions.”
CUSTOMER: ”Oh that sounds great … I have X, Y, Z Condition”
YOU: ”Well, I’m sure I could help you with that. Tell you what. I’m actually
running a special exhibition-day offer – you can get a free 30-minute massage
just for coming by. Here – pick a time-slot that works for you. Fill out your
information on the form, and drop it in the box. Then keep the business card
for your records. I’ll send you an email to confirm the appointment. Does that
work?”
CUSTOMER:”Wow, free thing! I love free things!”

At the end of the event, you will probably have somewhere between 5 and 15
brand new prospective customer appointments!
Now, Isn’t that better than going home with a slightly bigger email list?
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Client Consultation
Initial Consultation
The consultation is a very important
part of the treatment – sufficient time must be
allowed so that it is not rushed. This is the
time to gather and exchange information. The
initial consultation will be the longest and
provide detailed information, which must be
accurately recorded on a treatment card.
This must be filed in a safe and accessible place and used each time the
client attends for treatment. Before subsequent treatments, a brief
consultation is usually sufficient to establish the effects and outcomes of
the previous treatments and whether any changes are to be made or further
action is to be taken
For the consultation the client should be seated comfortably, with the
therapist positioned along side or opposite. The environment should feel warm
and private.
Detailed consultation is important for the following reasons:
1. to introduce yourself and get to know the client
DRAFT
2. to establish a rapport with the client and put her/him at ease
3. to develop mutual trust and gain the client’s confidence
4. to gain information on the client’s past and present state of mental and
physical health
5. to identify any contra-indications
6. to gain insight into the client’s lifestyle, responsibilities, work environment,
leisure activities etc
7. to identify the client’s needs and expectations of the treatment
8. to establish the most appropriate form of treatment and to discuss and
9. to explain the treatment fully to the client, including the procedure,
expected effects, timing and frequency
10. to agree a treatment plan, the timing and cost with the client so that s/
he fully understands the financial commitment, and obtain a signed
consent form
11. to answer queries and questions related to the treatment and to allay
doubts and fears.
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The information gathered will provide a baseline from which the appropriate
treatment is planned, the effectiveness of the treatment can be judged and any
necessary changes or adjustments made.
It is recommended that you give away a free appointment. Almost nobody

signs up for an expensive service. People go for freebies. You should market
accordingly.
List down the importance of detailed consultation
DRAFT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Essential Information
The following personal, medical and environmental factors should be
recorded on the consultation card:
A. PERSONAL DETAILS
- Status
- Name
- Address
- Date of birth
- Home and work telephone numbers
- Occupation
- Doctor’s name, address and telephone number
These details will enable you to contact the client quickly should you
need to cancel or change an appointment or for any other reason. They will
also enable you to seek advice from his/her doctor should this be necessary.
B. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY
- surgical operations
- pregnancies
- serious illness
These details will enable you to establish the client’s state of health; the
DRAFT
likelihood of any contra-indications as a result of past illnesses; whether
particular care must be taken over certain areas and whether medical referral
is necessary. If the client suffers from a condition that is an absolute contra-
indication (see page 115 on), then massage must not be given.
C. PRESENT MEDICAL HISTORY
- medication
- general health
- current treatments
- identification of stress: work, home or other sources
These details will indicate whether massage will be helpful to this client
and will influence the type of massage to be given, e.g. if the client is stressed
then a relaxing massage will be the choice. If there is pain and stiffness then
the massage will be adapted to meet these needs.
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D. MASSAGE ANALYSIS
- contra-indications
- has client received massage in the past?
- how long ago?
- number of sessions
- did client benefit from the massage?
- reasons for requesting massage

These details will again highlight contra-indications that will indicate
whether massage would be suitable for the client. They will also provide
information regarding the client’s previous experience of massage. Did she/
he find it beneficial, are there any preferences, likes and dislikes that should be
recorded?
E. EXAMINATION
- Posture
- height
- weight
F. SKIN CONDITIONS
- skin type: smooth/supple; dry/flaky;
DRAFT
- loose/stretched
- stretch marks
. - areas of hard fat/cellulite
- areas of soft fat
- general muscle tone
- bony protuberances
- fluid retention
- disfiguration or distortion of surface anatomy
- other factors that may affect massage
These details will enable you to select the appropriate massage

and massage medium to be used for the client, e.g. clients with dry flaky
skin will require a suitably lubricating medium; thin creepy skin and bony
protuberances will require lighter manipulations. They will also indicate the
depth and adaptations necessary to suit the client, e.g. hard fat can take more
pressure than soft fat, but areas of cellulite can be painful if pressure is too
great.
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Well-tone clients often prefer a brisker, deeper massage than clients with poor
muscle tone. Details of posture, height and weight must be recorded at
the beginning of the treatment and compared throughout the course.
OTHER INFORMATION
- reasons for requesting massage
- expectations from the treatment
- any concerns or worries
This information will help you to formulate the best treatment plan t o
meet the needs of the client. The plan should then be fully explained to
the client; s/he must be given the opportunity to ask questions and given full
answers to allay any concerns or fears. The long term objective, the cost and
timing must be agreed and a consent form signed by the client.
WELLNESS SERVICE STANDARDS

A Wellness Service provides support to people to live well, by addressing
the factors that influence their health and well-being and building their capacity
to be independent, resilient and maintain good health for themselves and
those around them.
DRAFT
These standards provide a benchmark for the provision of a Wellness
Service.
A. Improving Outcomes
1. The Service measures the achievement of outcomes in relation to:
* Population health, well-being and inequalities
* Customer defined health & well-being
* Cost effectiveness
2. The Service has been developed following consultation with the public on
their needs and preferences for delivery and assets for healthy living.
3. An equity audit has been undertaken to ensure that services are t a r g e t e d
at and accessed by those in greatest need.
4. Services are provided and tailored to particular excluded groups or those
facing multiple challenges e.g. people with severe and enduring m e n t a l
health conditions.
5. The service supports broader skills and capacity building for health
and well-being, beyond individual risk factor management, to enable
independence and resilience in individuals, families and communities to
live well and care for themselves.
6. The service builds the role, skills and knowledge of all practitioners to
affect the health and well-being of individuals, families and communities, so
that every patient/ client contacts is a health promoting opportunity
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Post Test 2
TEST
I. LOOP A WORD
Direction: Read and analyze the statement carefully and loop the word that
corresponds to your answer.
group.
DRAFT
1. The standards and conduct of behavior of an individual or professional
2. The most basic and powerful way to connect to another person

3. Always practice the highest standards of personal and salon hygiene
4. A very important part of the treatment – sufficient time must be allowed so
that it is not rushed.
5. It should be considered in which you answer or speak on the telephone. Be
competent, helpful and pleasant.
6. The exchange of feelings and attitude in the communication process
7. Being clean, neat and tidy is looking __
8. Provides support to people to live well, by addressing the factors that
influence their health and well-being.
9. One of the best practice in dealing with clients is to _____ and politely to
everyone. Do not use improper language.
10. Less effective when managers are surrounded with a pool of information
which is sometimes misinterpreted by the clients.
95
Test II. II. MULTIPLE CHOICE:
Read and analyze the statement carefully. Choose the nearest answer and
write the letter on the space provided.
_____ 11. For the consultation the client should be seated comfortably, with
the positioned along side or opposite. The environment should feel warm
and private
A. doctor B. dentist C. specialist D. therapist .
_____ 12. It is often said that human communication consist of

A. 93% body language while only 7% of communication consists of
words themselves.
B. 95% body language while only 5% of communication consists of
words themselves
C. 90% body language while only 10% of communication
D. 80% body language while only 20% of communication consists of
words themselves
_____13. Do not make false claims for treatments, but explain the benefits
______. Be honest when advertising.
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A. fairly C. reasonably
B. practically D. realistically.

_____ 14. Before picking up the receiver, __________ conversation or
activity such as eating chewing gum, typing etc. that may be heard
by the calling party.
A. continue C. halt
B. discontinue D. disregard
_____ 15. It is defines as simply the exchange of messages by human
beings,
B. Communication Standards
C. Communication Problem
D. miscommunication
_____ 16. Be prepared with _______ when you answer the

phone
A. tissue paper
B. calendar
C. information form
D. pen and message slip
_____ 17. As the communication process continues, it becomes a

communication
A. cycle B. stroke C. routine D. requirement
96
_____ 18. Smile and the world Smiles With
A. Us B. Others C. You D. All
_____ 19. A pleasant tone of voice in a telephone conversation

A. Shout C. Speak in a very low
B. Speak clearly D. Speak very soft and distinctly in
____ 20. Create a friendly working relationship with

A. colleagues C. clients
B. manager D. all
III. Enumeration
Direction: Supply the answer.
5’s Methodology in Japanese words
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
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Types of Massage
29.
30
97
QUARTER 3
WELLNESS MASSAGE TECHNIQUES
Overview
Demonstration of acquired knowledge and skills is the main target in

the succeeding topics. Alongside of the discussions are the precautionary
measures focusing on the hygienic and safety practices in performing the
wellness massage. Step-by-step instructions to be assisted by video clippings
of different techniques are provided.
As a learner, you will be exposed to the different needs of clients. Thus,
policies and other procedures in handling clients are highlighted. In the end,
skilled and confident wellness massage practitioners shall be expected to see
in you!
So explore and enjoy the rest of the suggested activities ahead!
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Pre Test 3
Test I. Multiple Choice

1. What do you call the type of drape used to protect the client hair?
a. Facial drape b. Gluteal drape c. Breast drape d. Turban drape
2. a. Risk b. Danger c. Hazard d. Warning
98
is the very common precautionary measure we oftentimes read in labels of
any supplies used in cleaning or disinfecting.
3. Safest substance found in spa salon is known as the _______.

a. Oil b. Disinfectant c. Powders d. Water
4. What is the technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you covered
while getting a massage?
a. Draping b. Massage c. Cupping d. Hygiene
5. What do you call the massage stroke wherein the hands skim over the
surface of the skin?
a. Effleurage b. Percussion c. Petrissage d. Vibration
6. What massage stroke wherein the hand is placed and vibrated over the
target area is called as _____.
a. Vibration b. Pounding c. Frictions d. Cupping
7. A kind of massage stroke that uses pressure to the tissues.
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a. Vibration b. Knead c. Beating d. Petrissage
8. What is the regular time duration for back massage?

a. 20 mins b. 5 minutes c. 7 minutes d. 6 minutes
9. What is the kind of manipulation that pinches and moves the muscle from
side to side in a rocking manner?
a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. Muscle rolling d. Petrissage
10. The massage stroke where the hands strike the target area is known as
______. a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. Taponement d. Petrissage
Test II. True or False:

Direction: Write the word TRUE on the remarks column if massage
is appropriate with the stated condition and FALSE if it is
inappropriate. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this task.
99
Conditions TRUE FALSE
1 Blood clots
2 Bleeding
3 Fever
4 Fracture
5 Heart disease
6 Infectious disease
7 Kidney or liver disease
8 Pregnancy-induced diabetes
9 Severe cold
10 Menstrual Period
Test III. Matching Type

Direction: Match Column A with Column by identifying the pictures below.
Write the letter of the answer.
Column A Column B

1. face towel a
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2. thermometer b.
3. basin c.

4. sphygmomanometer d.
5. sanitizer e.
f .
100
1-5. Write a five-sentence paragraph describing the phrase “Wellness
Massage”. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this task.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Rubric:
Clarity and Accuracy of Concept: (3 pts)

Grammar Composition (2 pts.)
Total 5 pts
Let’s try this. Open-Ended Statement
Directions: Complete the open-ended statements below
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with your perception, opinion on the concepts
on wellness massage. (10 points)
Topic: Wellness Massage

Before, I thought that___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
But now, ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
I can ________________________________________________________
Rubric for grading:
Concept: (5pts)
Articulation (5 pts.)
Total 10 pts
101
Let’s Begin
Observe Health and Safety Procedures in Wellness Massage.
Health and Safety Procedures in Wellness Massage

All health care practitioners must follow all public health and safety
regulations to ensure the protection and well-being of each patient.
Massage therapists are no exception. Client welfare is the foundation of
an ethical and professional practice for the massage practitioner.
Creating and defending a secure environment for our clients to
receive treatment ultimately is based on the practitioners’ routines in the
clinic, office or spa. These healthy habits prevent accidents from taking
place.
Can you still recall?
Direction: Find the 5’s methodology (in english word) inside the puzzle.
Once you find it, loop the word and write the answers on the opposite
of each Japanese word. (2 points each).
a
s
s
v
t
d
a
b
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n
n
d
w
a
e
r
r
d
s d
i z
x
e
v
s
y
d
t
d n b c f d t y u s d o p S
S h j k b n d m e r w c d w
o d g s y s t e m a t i z e
r a w f g d y t j n m q o e
t j k t l p c b v n d s w p
f e r t y g f j i o l j b n
s e l f d i s c i p l i n e
1. Shitsuke _______________ 4.Seiton___________________

2. Seiri __________________ 5.Seiketsu __________________
3. Seiso _________________
102
Review these guidelines to guarantee the safety of your clients:
• Adhere to a schedule for the cleaning and maintenance of your office,

tools and equipment.
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• Consistently wash hands thoroughly between clients and prior to resuming
treatment.
• Wash all linens in soap and hot water. Store and transport them in a
sanitary manner.
• Always thoroughly sterilize table, headrest, equipment and other tools
between clients.
• Know all local ordinances and health department regulations regarding the
type of clinic you operate or work in.
A general maintenance and cleaning schedule must be adhered to
in the treatment room, bathroom and all waiting and admittance areas. The
bathroom must be easily accessible and consistently stocked. Hand washing is
the simplest, most effective way to prevent transmission of any diseases. Prior
to resuming patient care, hands should be washed after using the toilet and
after touching eyes, nose, ears or mouth. Keep fingernails neatly trimmed and
remove all jewelry. Always apply soap to wet hands, wash for 10 to 15 seconds,
scrubbing webs, palms and fingertips, from the wrists to the elbows.
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Moreover, avoid reusing any towel or sheet that has come into contact
with a client. Linens must be washed in hot water and stored properly in a
labeled cabinet with closed doors. All dirty linens must be put into a separate
linen basket for washing. A consistent order in sanitation procedures before
admitting your next client will prevent accidents from occurring. Avoid cross-
contamination during treatment by always using a new or sterilized applicator
wand for all application of lotion and creams.
A major preventative action we can take to protect any transfer of disease

is the sterilization of all table surfaces, especially the headrest. The table and
headrest should be wiped down with a germicidal wash, as should any tool
or lotion bottle. There should be sufficient and reasonable space for clients
to change and to get on and off the table safely. Always make sure the table,
chairs and other equipment are in good condition. This includes all emergency
and safety equipment, such as fire extinguishers and clearly marked exits.
Additionally, check out the neighborhood in which you are planning to open
your office for good lighting and adequate space for all treatment procedures.
The location of a therapeutic office should be in a pleasant area where clients
can feel free from harms way. Make sure the parking lot is accessible and well-
lit so that clients can get in and out safely.
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Furthermore, local ordinances and health department regulations
regarding the type of clinic you operate can be attained through the city and
should be referenced. Know how to accommodate the elderly and disabled
persons. They may require your assistance getting on and off the table, as well
as special accessibility to the restroom. Be aware of emergency procedures for
your building, including how to use the nearest fire extinguisher.
Overall, the way your clinic runs and looks is proof of your concern for
your clients and ultimately leaves a lasting impression on each person you
treat. A first impression cannot be repeated. Maintain all health and safety
guidelines taught in training and incorporate them with state and local laws to
keep your clients safe.
RELEVANT LAWS, WORKPLACE POLICIES and PROCEDURES

Health and safety is about preventing any person sustaining injury, being
harmed in any way or becoming ill at work. It involves following correct, safe
procedures and taking every possible precaution to protect everyone in the
workplace. Health and safety laws and regulations apply to everyone whether
they are employers, managers, employees, self-employed, full- or part-time,
paid or unpaid workers. Health and safety issues refer to hazards and risks in
the workplace and how to eliminate them.
104
Republic Act 8423
TRADITIONAL & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ACT OF 1997
An act creating the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health

Care (PITAHC) to accelerate the development of traditional and alternative
health care in the Philippines, providing for a Traditional and Alternative Health
Care Development fund and for other purposes
Section 3b : To promote and advocate the use of traditional, alternative,

preventive, and curative health care modalities that have been proven
safe, effective, cost effective and consistent with government standards
on medical practice.
Section 3c: To develop and coordinate skills training courses for various
forms of traditional and alternative health care modalities.
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974
This is the main legislation covering health and safety in the workplace;
other safety regulations and codes of practice come under this main Act. This
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Act states that employers/managers have a legal duty to ensure, so far as is
reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of all persons at work,
i.e. all employees and other persons on the premises, such as contractors and
clients.
The Health and Safety Executive provides information and publications

on all aspects of Health and safety regulations, implementing directives from
the European
Commission that used to be known as the six pack. These cover a wide
range of health, safety and welfare issues.
Those relevant to the therapist are dealt with in this text. The Act of 1974
and the new regulations mean that employers must, by law, provide a safe
working environment for all members of the workforce, including those with
disabilities and other persons using their premises.
105
THE THERAPIST’S ROLE IN MAINTAINING HEALTH AND SAFETY IN
THEIR PLACE OF WORK
The employer/manager is responsible for the management and control

of health, safety and welfare issues, which will ensure a safe environment for
all persons working in or attending the salon/clinic. However, all therapists at
work also have a duty under the Act.
Employees are required to:
• Take reasonable care to avoid harm to themselves or to others by their

behaviour or working practices cooperate with and help employers/
managers to meet the statutory requirements refrain from misusing
or interfering with anything provided to protect the health, safety and
welfare of all persons as required by the Act.
• To comply with these requirements you must: not put yourself or others
at risk by your actions abide by salon rules and regulations know who is
responsible for what in the salon and to whom you should report problems
always adopt good working practices and follow correct procedures.
• Be alert to any hazard that may pose a risk to yourself or to others and
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promptly take the appropriate action to minimise or eliminate the risk. If
you are unable to, or unsure of how to deal quickly with a hazard, then
you must report the situation to someone else immediately. Seek advice
from a supervisor or someone qualified to deal with the situation
• Be competent in selecting appropriate treatments and in administering
them correctly and safely to the clients.
• Follow the correct technique for all treatments, understand the effects,
and be alert to contra-indications and contra-actions.
• Adopt high professional standards of dress and appearance.
• Maintain the highest standards of personal and salon hygiene.
• Report faulty equipment to the person responsible for dealing with these
issues
• Do not ignore any hazard or risk; make sure that corrective action is
taken.
• Keep a record of client and report any problems that you have identified
and cured.
• Inform your supervisor and colleagues and be prepared to discuss
issues of health and safety with all other workers, as shared knowledge
makes for a safer working environment.
106
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ABOUT BODY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Endangerment site:
An endangerment site is a region of the body in which nerves, arteries,
or veins lay close to the body’s surface. These areas are not well protected by
muscle or connective tissue, and have the potentially to be damaged. Deep
pressure either sustained or through friction, would be contraindicated for the
vessels and nerves in these areas. These areas may contain bony projections
that are fragile and may be broken. Massage therapists should exercise extreme
caution when working in or close to these endangerment areas.
A medical error in execution may occur when a massage therapist or
body worker does not exhibit extreme caution when working in one or more of
these areas and injury results from treatment.
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107
(Redraw)
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Endangerment Sites of the Face and Neck
• Anterior Triangle of the Neck . The anterior triangle of the neck

consists of the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
muscle, the inferior border of the mandible and the trachea. It
contains the jugular vein, the carotid artery, and the vagus nerve, which
are located deep to the SCM.
108
• Posterior Triangle of the Neck. The posterior triangle of the neck
consists of the posterior border of the SCM, the superior border of the
clavicle, and the anterior border of the upper trapezius muscle. This
area contains the brachio-cephalic artery and vein superior the clavicle,
the sub-cephalic vein, and the nerves of the brachial plexus.
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(redraw)
• Posterior to the Mandible. The area posterior to the mandible
contains the facial artery and nerve, and the styloid process of the
temporal bone. The styloid process is a very delicate bone that can be
broken from extreme pressure.
(redraw)
109
• Sternal Notch and Anterior Throat. The area of the sternal notch
and anterior throat consists of the medial heads of the right and left
clavicle, and their attachment at the superior edge of the sternum. This
area contains the vagus nerve, and nerves and vessels to the thyroid
gland.
(redraw)
• Axillary Triangle of the Under Arm. The axillary triangle of the under
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arm consists of the anterior edge of the pectoralis major, the posterior
edge of the latissimus dorsi, the superior head and medial shaft of the
humerus, the upper ribs and the medial aspect of the serratus anterior.
This area contains the nerves of the distal brachial plexus, and the
brachial artery, the axillary nerve, vein, and artery, and the cephalic
vein.
(redraw)
• Deltoid-Pectoral Triangle. The deltoid-pectoral Triangle is a narrow

area between the medial aspect of pectoralis major, the lateral aspect
of the anterior deltoid, and the superior border of the clavicle. This
area contains the cephalic vein.
110
Endangerment Sites of the Elbow
• Medial Elbow. The area between the medial epicondyle of the

humerus and olecranon process of the ulna. This area contains the
ulnar nerve.
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• Lateral Elbow. The area between the lateral epicondyle of the
humerus and the olecranon process of the ulna. This area contains
the radial nerve.
111
Endangerment Sites of the Abdomen
• Umbilicus Area. The umbilicus area, to either side, contains the

descending aorta and the abdominal aorta.
• Dorsal Body Area, 12 th Rib. The dorsal area in the region of the 12

th rib, is located over the kidneys, in the lower back.
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Endangerment Sites of the Lower Extremity
• Femoral (Inguinal ) Triangle. The femoral or inguinal triangle consists

of the lateral aspect of the sartorius muscle, the superior aspect of the
inguinal ligament, and the medial aspect of adductor longus muscle.
This area contains the femoral nerve, the femoral artery and vein, the
great saphenous vein, external iliac artery, and the inguinal lymph
nodes.
112
Sciatic Notch. The sciatic notch is located in the area in which the
sciatic nerve passes out of the pelvis through the greater sciatic
foramen, under the pirformis muscle.
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• Popliteal Fossa. The popliteal fossa is a diamond-shaped area at
the posterior knee. The superior area consists of the lateral tendon
of the biceps femoris, and the medial tendons of the semitendinosus,
semimembranosus and the sartorius muscles. The inferior area
consists of the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle. This area
contains the popliteal artery and vein and the tibial and common
peroneal nerves.
113
• Deep Calf. The deep calf region of the lower extremity can be located
between the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle. This area
contains the posterior tibial artery and vein.
Tarsal Tunnel. The tarsal tunnel is located in a groove on the medial
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aspect of the calcaneus and inferior to and posterior to the medial
malleolous. This area contains the posterior artery and vein, deep to
the flexor retinaculum.
114
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS WHEN DEALING WITH HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES
The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Act 2002 (COSHH)

requires employers to control exposure to hazardous substances to prevent
ill health. It protects everyone in the workplace from exposure to hazardous
substances.
Hazardous substances found in the salon include:

• cleaning agents
• disinfectants
• massage products – oils, creams, lotions and talcum powder
• powders or dust
• micro-organisms, i.e. bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa
• parasites
• ozone.
Hazardous substances can enter the body via many routes, for
example:
➛ broken or damaged skin
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➛ eyes and ears
➛ nose and mouth
➛ hair follicles.
Substances hazardous to health may cause the following:

• skin burn
• skin allergic reaction such as dermatitis
• skin irritation
• irritation of nasal passages and lungs or allergies to products,
especially fine
• powder or dust, resulting in the development of asthma
• breathing difficulties
• nausea and vomiting if swallowed
• eye damage.
115
COSHH requires the following to control exposure to hazardous
substances to prevent ill health.
Assess the risk from exposure to hazardous substances to anyone using

your workplace. You will need to examine all the substances
stored and used in your salon and identify the ones that could
cause damage or injury.
Decide what precautions need to be taken. Check the manufacturers’

advice on use, storage and disposal. Read the label carefully.
Consider whether the substance can enter the body or damage
any part of the body. Take action to protect employees and others.
Consider the use of gloves, masks and other protective clothing.
Ensure that your control systems are in place and effective.
Control or reduce the exposure to hazardous substances. Consider the

use of other, safer, products. Store all products safely and label
them clearly to reduce any errors in handling. Wear gloves when
handling cleaning agents. Take care when handling and using
fine powders such as talc; avoid releasing the fine particles into
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the air and avoid inhaling any powders; also protect your client.
Ensure that control measures are in place and regularly monitored for
effectiveness. Keep records of all control measures and any tests
or problems arising. These records should be kept for at least five
years.
Prepare procedures to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies.

Immediate steps must be taken to minimise the harmful effects
and damage. These procedures should be clearly written and
placed in a prominent and accessible place.
Train and supervise all staff. Ensure that all employees understand the
risks from all the hazardous substances they have to deal with.
Inform them of the rules and regulations for using, storing and
transporting or disposing of hazardous substances.
Ensure that all employees understand the importance of reporting

any problems or shortcomings when dealing with hazardous
substances.
116
The following are precautions and responsibilities when dealing with
hazardous substances.
1. Consider any hazardous substances in your workplace. For the therapist

these will include any fine powders such as face powder or talcum powder,
oils, creams or lotions, cleaning agents, sterilising agents, micro-organisms,
blood.
2. Read the labels and manufacturers’ instructions on all the products that
you use. Manufacturers are required by law to state the dangers and issue
guidelines on storage, use and disposal.
3. Ensure that products are clearly labelled and stored correctly and safely.
4. Ensure that the highest standards of hygiene are implemented to prevent
cross-infection(this is dealt with later in the chapter).
5. Avoid blood contamination. Cover any broken skin with a plaster and
wear gloves.
6. Ensure the safe disposal of ‘sharps’ into a ‘sharps box’ and dispose of in
accordance with the correct procedure.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS WHEN USING ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
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The following are precautions and responsibilities when using electrical
equipment.
• Annual testing of electrical equipment is required by law.

• Ensure that people using electrical equipment are trained and
competent to do so.
• Follow the correct procedures when using electrical equipment.
• Purchase equipment from a reputable dealer who will provide an after-
sales service.
• Ensure that all equipment is regularly maintained and in a safe
condition for use.
• Examine leads and cables regularly to ensure that they are without
splits or breaks that may expose bare wires.
• Use proper connectors to join wire and flexes; do not use insulating
tape.
• Examine all connections making sure that they are secure.
• Ensure that the cable is firmly clamped into the plug to make certain
that the wires, particularly the earth wire, cannot be pulled out of the
terminal.
• Do not overload the circuit by using multiple adaptors. If you find others
overloading the circuit, explain to them that this is dangerous practice.
• Plug the machine into a near and accessible identified socket so that it
can be switched off or disconnected easily in an emergency.
117
• Keep electrical equipment away from water; do not touch any electrical
part with wet hands.
• Ensure that flexes and cables do not trail over the working area: fix
them along the wall.
• Examine all equipment regularly, especially portable machines, as they
are subjected to wear and tear.
• Remove faulty equipment from the working area and label clearly
‘FAULTY DO NOT USE’ and inform others that it is faulty.
• Keep a dated record of when checks were carried out, including all
findings and maintenance.
Multiple Choice.
Direction: Read and analyze each statement carefully. Choose the nearest
answer and write the letters before the number. Justify your answer. 2 points
each.
1. Plug the machine into a near and accessible identified socket so that,
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a. it can be switched off or disconnected easily in an emergency.
b. It will lessen your time from walking from time to time if you want
to unplug it
c. You can sleep anytime you want and confident that it is safe
d. It is easy for you to just reach out if you want to unplug it.
Justify:
2. Follow the correct procedures when using electrical equipment, a. to avoid

accident
b. to show your expertise
c. to boost your capacity to operate the equipment
d. to play safely
Justify ____________________________________________
118
3. Ensure that people using electrical equipment are trained and competent to
do so
 They can easily be hired abroad
 They can operate the equipment without reading the
procedure
 They can prove that they are trained operators
 Keep safe in using the equipment
Justify: _________________________________________
4. Training and supervision to all staff will

 Ensure that all employees understand the risks from all
the hazardous substances they have to deal with.
 Inform them of the rules and regulations for using, storing
and transporting or disposing of hazardous substances.
 They can be easily be accepted in their field of training to
other salon
 Keep your salon clean and orderly
Justify: _____________________________________________
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5. Prepare procedures to deal with accidents, incidents and emergencies.
Immediate steps must be taken to minimize the harmful effects and damage.
These procedures should be
 clearly written and placed in a prominent and accessible
place.
a. clearly written and placed inside the cabinet
 clearly written and placed at the back door
a. clearly written and placed on the table

Justify: __________________________________________
APPLICATION OF PROPER DRAPING
Perform the Proper application of Draping

Draping is the technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you
covered while you’re getting a massage.
Draping allows you to be totally nude under the sheet or towel and still
feel safe, warm, and unexposed.
Using draping, the massage therapist only works on the part of the body
that is exposed -- your back, one arm or one leg, for instance. The rest of the
body is covered.
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Draping Methods
1. Posterior Leg - To undrape the posterior leg, gather the drape at the
greater trochanter and
at the ankle. Fold the
bottom end of the drape
at an angle across
the opposite leg while
holding the drape at the
greater trochanter as
a pivot point. With the
lower, grab the fold of the
drape and tuck it under
the opposite thigh. Fold
the top section of the
drape across the back,
leaving the gluteals exposed. With practice, this draping can be accomplished
in three moves and provides a clean line for the application of spa
products from the toes to the top of the posterior superior iliac spine
(PSIS).
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Anterior Leg- To undrape the anterior leg, gather the drape at the anterior superior
iliac spine (ASIS) and at the ankle. Fold the bottom section of the drape at an angle
across the opposite leg using the upper hand to hold the drape at the ASIS as a pivot
point. With the lower hand, grab the fold of the drape and tuck it under the opposite
thigh. Fold the top section of the drape across the belly, leaving the ASIS exposed.
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Breast Drape - Align the top edge of the main drape with the bottom edge
of a hand towel or pillowcase. As the main drape is
pulled down, the hand towel or pillowcase becomes
a breast drape and takes its place.
4. Anterior Pelvic
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Drape - After the
breast drape is in
place, continue to pull
the main drape down
until the abdominal
muscles are
uncovered. Align the fold of the main drape with the bottom edge of a hand
towel or pillow case. As the main drape is pulled down, the hand towel or
pillow case will become a pelvic drape. Tuck the bottom section of the pelvic
drape between the legs leaving a safe distance between the tucking hand
and the genitals.
121
5. Turban Drape - This
type of drape protects
the client’s hair from spa
products and prevents
heat loss during a
treatment. Put a bath
towel on the table
before the treatment.
Bring the bath towel up
over the client’s head to
cover the forehead or
the eyes.
Using the hand as a wedge on each side of the drape, bring the side portions
around the neck and tuck them into the top of the body drape.
6. Gluteal Drape - Uncover

the back and fold the drape
down to the gluteal cleft.
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Grasp the folded edge of
the main drape and the
bottom edge of the hand
towel or pillow case. As the
main drape is pulled down
to expose the gluteals,
the hand towel or pillow case replaces it. Tuck the bottom of the gluteal
drape between the legs, leaving a safe distance between the tucking hand
and the genitals. Fold the edges of the gluteal drape to create clean lines
for product application.
*Illustration: Spa Body Works pp. 98-99
122
7. Side-Lying Drape - Because spa products are applied to the clients while
they are in a side-lying position, this drape is different than it would be for
a massage. It is important to ask clients to wear disposable undergarments
to preserve their modesty. The sheet is kept over the client until he or she is
moved into the side-lying position. Undrape the client’s upper body ( females
should either wear a disposable bra or hold a towel over their breasts) and
place a bath towel across the client’s hip. Grasp the folded edge of the main
drape and the bottom edge of the bath towel. As the main drape is pulled
down to expose the gluteals, the bath towel will replace it, and the sheet is
removed completely.
DRAFT
Activity 1. Return Demonstration
Direction: Group yourselves into groups with 10 members Perform the
following draping methods in groups.
123
SCORING RUBRICS FOR CLASS DEMONSTRATION
Criteria Percentage
Proper. 50 %
Proper application of the use of cleaning solutions and 30 %

materials
Appropriate and effective selection of cleaning tools 20 %
and materials
TOTAL 100 %
Draping is the technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you

covered while you’re getting a massage.
Draping allows you to be totally nude under the sheet or towel and still
feel safe, warm, and unexposed.
DRAFT
Using draping, the massage therapist only works on the part of the body
that is exposed -- your back, one arm or one leg, for instance. The rest of the
body is covered.
Let’s Do it!
APPLICATION OF PROPER DRAPING
This is your chance for you to show off your skills, technique and
talents in each of the required procedures you have spent in practices then
ultimately mastering. This practicum requires groundwork to assure that you
are adequately prepared and organized.
124
Suggestions for draping:
1. Use mannequin as your model

2. Use kiddie cape rather than a regular sized cape, because they are easier
to manipulate. They fit more securely around the mannequin’s neck and will
not hang over your work area this allowing you maximum movement while
working on your mannequin
3. Divide the class into groups with 10 members.
4. Prepare the Packing List for draping such as:
a. clean towels
b. clean folded cape (plastic, cloth or comb-out)
c. neck strips
d. clips to secure outer towel
e. antiseptic hand wipes, spray bottle of alcohol or alcohol gel
Group # 1: Posterior Leg

Group # 2: Anterior Leg
Group # 3: Breast Drape
DRAFT
Group # 4: Anterior Pelvic Drape
Group # 5 Turban Drape
Group # 6: Gluteal Drape
Group # 7: Side-Lying Drap
Group performance will be evaluated using the scoring rubrics below:
125
PREPARATION of WELLNESS MASSAGE PRODUCTS, FURNISHINGS,
and PARAPHERNALIA
Let’s try this!

ACTIVITY 1. Knowing the Center
Direction: Study the picture below. Find as many equipment, paraphernalia
and materials that can be found in a Wellness Massage Center. Use your quiz
notebook to accomplish this task.
DRAFT
WORKING ENVIRONMENT/ SPA ROOM
1. Room should be peaceful and quiet and calm.
2. Room should be warm, well ventilated and draught free
3. Lightning is subdued.
4. Use fragrance, potpourri or vase of flowers.
5. Play soft relaxing music.
6. Use clean towels or blanket to cover cushion to support legs and
neck
7. Massage table, mattress must be firm on the floor.
126
ACCESSORIES/ TOOLS/ EQUIPMENT
Tools Picture/Illustration Description/Function
1. Thermometer an instrument for

determining temperature
an instrument for
listening to the sounds
made within the body,
2. Stethoscope
typically consisting
of a hollow disc that
transmits the sound
through hollow tubes to
earpieces.
DRAFT
3. Sphygmomanometer
an instrument, often
attached to an
inflatable air-bladder
cuff and used with
a stethoscope, for
measuring blood
pressure in an artery.
Digital
Sphygmomanometer
127
4. Massage Bed
is used by massage
therapists to position
the client to receive a
massage.
L = 1.8M x W = 0.8M x H
= 0.7 M
a place in which a
5. Shower Room
person bathes under
a spray of water.
6. Lounging chair
DRAFT gives comfort to the
client while waiting for
their massage.
128
Optional Furniture and Picture/Illustration Description/Function
Equipment for a Spa.
is a device that plays
discs produced under both
the DVD-Video and DVD-
CD/DVD Player
Audio technical standards,
two different and
incompatible standards.
Some DVD players will
also play audio CDs. DVD
players are connected to
a television to watch the
Television Set DVD content, which could
be a movie, a recorded TV
show, or other content.
Overhead Projector
DRAFT
Allow massage chair
compare review arms
Message belt hang at sides, dumbbell in
each hand. Now, increase
arms upward, like plane
wings, keeping them
almost straight
soothing head massager

with music,” which uses “a
combination of patented
air pressure technology,
head massage vibration massage,
magnetic therapy, gentle
heat and soothing music”
to do whatever it is a good
head massage does
129
SUPPLIES AND Picture/Illustration Description/Function
MATERIALS
This is used to cover

Bath Towels the body while doing the
massage
This is used to wipe and

Face towel/hand towel cover the body
Bed Sheets
DRAFT This is used to cover the
massage bed
Short/disposable To be wear by the clients

during the massage
undergarment
Used to rub all

Short/disposable throughout the body
undergarment during the massage
130
Oil This is also applied to the
clients body
Used to put water, warm or

Basins
cold
Pillow Used by the client while

lying down
DRAFT
Alcohol (Ethyl)/ This is being rubbed by the
Sanitizer massage therapist before
starting massage
Plants/ Herbs/ oils/ Are applied to the clients.

essences Depends what essence
is being requested by the
clients.
131
DRAFT
Activity 2. Investigate or Interview
Direction: Visit a Wellness Massage Center. Then, Interview an

owner/ employee of a wellness massage spa. Ask equipments,
materials and supplies other than those mentioned in the
previous discussion. Include the function of each item. Be
ready to present your output in class. Write your answers in
your notebook.
Equipments/Materials/Supplies Function/Uses
132
Rubrics for Evaluation: (30 points)
Item 25 15 10 Score
Has additional Lack one Lack two

equipment equipment or more
Tools
aside from used. equipment,
what has been
discussed
.
Has additional Lack one or Lack three or
Materials materials two materials more materials
aside from being used being
what has been
discussed
Has additional Lack one or Lack three or

Supplies supplies aside two supplies more materials
from what being used being
DRAFT
has been
discussed
PREPARING CLIENT for WELLNESS MASSAGE SESSION
Before starting your massage, require your customer to complete a

short health history. This will help you tailor a needed specific massage. You
will briefly discuss what your customer are looking for in the session and how
that may be achieved.
Once in the massage room, you will exit, allowing time and privacy so
for the customer undress to his/her level of comfort. Give a clean sheet and
blanket in which the customer will cover himself/herself with and lay on the
massage area. You will knock and enter to begin the session.
Customer massage time is his/hers. Whether you want to talk or relax by
getting lost in the soft music, follow as requested. Keep in mind, communication
is key to a great massage. If your customer needs lighter or more intense
pressure, ask so it can be adjusted to find one that will meet the expectation.
During your session, the body the customer will remain covered with the sheet
except for the part that is being massaged.
133
At the conclusion of the massage, you will exit the room to allow you to
change into your clothes.
After the massage, it is important to tell the customer to drink water to
hydrate the body and help flush out the toxins that have been released.
http://www.missouristate.edu/recreation/Wellness/169420.htm
The following are some pointers on what to do.

1. The greeting - As the client walks through the door, you or the
receptionist should be on hand with a warm greeting. Step out from
behind the reception desk to shake the client’s hand and smile while
making eye contact.
2. The tour - Escort the client into the treatment area. Point out where
the bathroom is located and any amenities such as the steam room or
sauna the client might use on his or her next visit. Let the client know if
a shower is available before or after the massage. Show the client into
the treatment room and explain where to undress and hang clothing.
It’s a good idea to remind clients to remove jewellery before the session
DRAFT
because lubricants can cause jewellery to look tarnished and delicate
pieces may be damaged during massage strokes. Use a small dish to
hold personal items so that jewellery is not lost or forgotten.
3. The Interview - The client interview does not need to be a complex

process, but each of the items we preview here should be discussed to
ensure the safety of both client and therapist.
4. Transition to Massage - Before you leave the treatment room, show

the client the massage table and explain the position you would like the
client to take on the table after undressing. Because clients may feel very
nervous about how much clothing they need to remove, it’s important to
reassure them. You might say something like this: “Undress to your level
of comfort. Some clients choose to remove all of their clothing and this
is fine, and others prefer to leave on some of their underclothing, which
is also fi ne. You will always be draped during the session, and I will only
undrape the area where I am working. This is to keep you warm but
also to preserve modesty.” This is also a good time to check if the client
needs to use the restroom before undressing. Unless the client needs
assistance getting on the massage table, leave the room while the client
undresses. Because some clients feel nervous that the therapist may
walk back in while they are partially undressed, it helps to say that you
will knock and wait to hear they are ready before you enter.
134
5. Prepare Yourself for the Massage - Usually, clients need no more than
5 minutes to undress and situate themselves on the massage table. Use
this time to warm up your hands and to ground and center your energy
for the session. Use the restroom if you need to and wash your hands
carefully directly before returning to the treatment room.
DEMONSTRATING HYGIENE PRACTICES in PRE-WELLNESS
Let’s try this:

Directions: Fill out this survey form to evaluate how far you have gone with
the lesson.
( _________________________________________ )
T o p i c / L e s s on
Name of Student : __________________ Date : _____________

Year and Section ___________________ Teacher: __________________
DRAFT
After the lesson / activity/ discussion on ________, I have learned that:
1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
But I’m a little bit confused about:

1. ______________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________
I still want to learn more on:

1. ______________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________
3.__________________________________________________________
135
After the lesson / activity / discussion, I feel ______________ because of the
following reasons:
1. _________________________________________________________
2. _________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
PERSONAL HYGIENE PRACTICES

Massage therapists are required by health standards and professional ethics
to provide a clean environment for clients that ensures they don’t pick up any
diseases while they are at a spa or massage clinic.
On the side of the therapist the following must be observed to ensure proper
hygiene practice.
a. A daily bath or shower should be taken to maintain cleanliness of the skin,

hair and nails, and to remove stale sweat odours.
DRAFT
b. An antiperspirant should be used to prevent excessive sweating and the
odor of sour sweat.
c. Hair should be clean and neat; it should be kept short or tied back from the
face. Hair must never fall forward around the therapist’s face and shoulders
or touch the client.
d. Nails must be well manicured and kept short; nails should not protrude
above the fleshy part of the finger tip. Massage movements cannot be correctly
performed if the nails are long, and long nails may harbour dirt or bacteria. Nail
enamel should not be worn as some clients may be sensitive to the product and
an allergic reaction may result.
e. Hands must be well cared for; they must be smooth and warm for massage.
Therapists should protect the hands with rubber gloves when doing chores. A
good-quality hand lotion should be used night and morning. Gloves should be
worn in cold weather.
f. Therapists should not massage with cuts or abrasions on the hands.
136
g. Jewellery should be removed or kept to a minimum of wedding ring and small
ear studs. Rings, bracelets and watches can harbour micro-organisms or
can injure the client if dragged on the skin. Long earrings and necklaces
may jangle, producing a noise that is disturbing to the client.
h. Underwear and tights should be changed daily and washed in hot soapy
water.
i. White, short-sleeved overalls should be crisp, well laundered and changed

frequently (e.g. every other day). The style should allow free unrestricted
movement of the arms during massage.
j. Feet should be well cared for and washed and dried thoroughly once a day,
using foot powder if necessary.
k. A clean pair of tights should be worn each day; support tights will help prevent
tired legs and varicose veins. Well-fitting low-heeled or flat shoes without holes
or peep toes will protect the feet and avoid pressure points.
DRAFT
l. Working uniform should not be worn out of the salon. Outdoor clothing worn
to work should be changed in a cloakroom to prevent micro-organisms being
brought into the salon.
m. Therapists suffering from colds and infections should not treat clients if
possible, but the wearing of a surgical mask will greatly reduce the risk of
cross-infection.
n. Therapists must wash their hands before touching a client and after cleaning
the feet prior to the massage.
137
Activity 2:
True or False: Write T if the statement is and F if false.
_____1. Working uniform can be worn out of the salon.
_____2. Underwear and tights should be changed daily and washed in hot
soapy water.
_____3. Wedding ring and small ear studs can be worn during the massage.
_____4. A daily bath or shower should be taken to maintain cleanliness of the
skin, hair and nails, and to remove stale sweat odours
_____5. Therapists must wash their hands before touching a client and after
cleaning the feet prior to the massage
PRE-WELLNESS MASSAGE PROCEDURE
Let’s try this:
Activity 1.
Directions: Write five sentences answering each question written inside the
box. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this task.
massage procedure? DRAFT

What do I know about pre-wellness What are the three best things I
learned today about pre-wellness
massage procedure?
What do I still want to learn about

massage ?
138
Let’s Begin:
For many treatments, caring hands are all you need to get started. For
others, sheets, blankets, pillows, towels and massage oils, lotions or creams
help you make the most of your massage time.
The goal of a massage is for both giver and receiver to feel good, so
while working, keep your body, mind and soul relax.
Preparations before the actual massage services
1. Preparation of client
• Speak to the client in a polite and friendly manner.
• Maintain client privacy at all times.
• Take the client’s outdoor clothes or show her/him where to hang
them.
• Show the client the treatment area and shower room.
• Ask the client to undress and give her/him a robe or towel to wear.
• Ask the client to remove all jewellery and place it in a bag for safe
keeping.
DRAFT
• Instruct the client how to use the shower.
• Bring the client back to the treatment area.
• Carry out a client consultation and discuss the treatment. As
previously explained, the first consultation will be the longest but a
short consultation should take place before every treatment.
• Explain fully and ask if the client has any queries. Allow time for the
client to discuss problems and ask questions, and answer these
fully.
• If the client has long hair, ask her/him to tie it up, or provide a
protective cover.
2. Psychological preparation of the therapist

Preparing the mind enhances concentration and co-ordination
and contributes to expertise and effectiveness of the massage.
• Develop a calm, tranquil but positive attitude. It is important to feel

secure, confident and relaxed yourself as this is transmitted to the
client both by your attitude and through your hands.
139
• Develop co-ordination between mind and body. The hands and body must
move as a whole – think of your foot position, posture, arm/hand positions,
speed, pressure and rhythm. Remember that massage is a skill that must
be learned and requires constant practice to perform it well. It is very similar
to learning to play a musical instrument.
• Develop sensory awareness, i.e. the ability to sense and visualise structures
through the hands. Through the sensory receptors in the hands you learn to
identify bony points, degrees of tone or tension in muscles, and variations
found on different tissues and different clients. This ability only comes
through practice and the experience of treating a variety of different types
of client, e.g. young, old, thin, obese, well toned, poorly toned, tense or
relaxed.
• Learn to synchronise speed, rhythm and depth so that these remain

consistent throughout the treatment. These will vary depending on the effects
required (see page 174). Maximum effectiveness of the treatment will occur
only if these factors are co-ordinated.
3. Preparation of working area
DRAFT
Ensure that the working area affords the client total privacy to change
and receive treatment without being overlooked by others.
a. The area may be a curtained section in a large salon, an individual walled

cubicle or a small massage room.
b. The therapist should ensure there is enough space to walk around the
bed and work from all sides, and that there is room for a trolley with
commodities, and a stool.
c. The area should be warm, well-ventilated and draught free.
d. It should be quiet, peaceful and free from distracting noise. Soft relaxing
music may be played, but check with the client – some clients prefer to
be quiet.
e. The lighting should be soft and diffuse, not directed above the client and
shining into her/his face.
f. The colour scheme should be pale but warming, using pastel rather than
harsh bold colours.
g. The area must be spotlessly clean and tidy.
h. Items required during the massage must be neatly arranged on the trolley
shelf and protected with clean paper tissue or a small sheet.
i. A plentiful supply of clean laundered towels and linen should be to hand.
140
j. Extra pillows, small support pillows or rolled towels should also be to hand.
k. Shower and toilet facilities for the client’s use should be accessible and
regularly cleaned.
l. A hand basin or sink should be available for the therapist to wash her/his
hands.
m. Disposable towels or hot air dryers should be used to dry the hands.
These must all be scrupulously clean.
n. A lined bin should be to hand for disposal of waste.
4. Preparation of massage couch

a. Cover the entire surface with a towelling or cotton sheet – the fitted
types are best as they stay neat and tidy.
b. Next cover this with a large bath towel or cotton sheet. This must
be removed and boil-washed after each client and a clean one re-
applied. Many salons and colleges use disposable paper sheets (bed
roll) to save on the laundry – these are quite acceptable, but they can
tear and crumple during the massage and may interfere with some
movements.
DRAFT
c. Use one or two pillows for the head. Cover these with pillow slips and
then a towel.
d. Fold two large towels and place them at the foot of the bed. These
will be used to cover the client.
e. Place extra pillows, large and small, and a rolled towel on the trolley
for use if extra support is required during the massage.
5. Preparation of trolley or table

The following items should be laid out on the top shelf of the trolley:
a) a bottle of cologne – for cleaning the skin if the client has not taken
a shower
b) a bottle of surgical spirit – to clean the feet
c) a good quality oil, lotion or cream – used as a medium for the
massage
d) talcum powder or corn starch – these powders may be used instead

of oil or cream as a massage medium. They work well for very
hairy clients.
e) a bowl containing tissues and balls of cotton wool
f ) a bowl for placing the client’s jewellery is sometimes used, but it is
much safer to ask the client to place jewellery in her/his bag and
place this under the couch.
141
Let’s Do it!
Group demonstration on the preparations to be done before the

actual massage services
Divide the class into five groups. Ask each group to demonstrate the
following activities:
Group # 1: Preparation of client
Group # 2: Psychological preparation of the therapist
Group # 3: Preparation of working area
Group # 4 Preparation of massage couch
Group # 5: Preparation of trolley or table
Direction:
Let the teacher

DRAFT
Performance of the group will be evaluated using the scoring rubrics below:
Level
Achieved
OVER ALL EVALUATION
PERFORMANCE LEVELS
10 - Can perform this skill without

assess your supervision and with initiative and
performance adaptability to problem situations.
in the following 7 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily
critical task and without assistance or supervision.
performance 5 - Can perform this skill satisfactorily
criteria. but requires some assistance and/or
supervision.
3- Can perform parts of this skill

satisfactorily, but requires considerable
assistance and/or supervision.
Instructor will initial level achieved.
142
Activity 1. Short Quiz
Direction: Put a check (√) mark if the statement is correct and a
Cross (X) mark if incorrect. Write your answer on a quiz
notebook.
_____1. A lined bin should be to hand for disposal of waste.

_____2. Cover the entire surface with a towelling or cotton sheet – the fitted
types are best as they stay neat and tidy.
_____3. The therapist should ensure there is enough space to walk around the
bed and work from all sides, and that there is room for a trolley with
commodities, and a stool.
_____4. Talcum powder or corn starch may be used instead of oil or cream as
a massage medium. They work well for very hairy clients.
_____5. Shower and toilet facilities for the client’s use should be accessible
and regularly cleaned.
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR WELLNESS MASSAGE
SESSION
Things sometimes are left undone when employees are unclear who is
responsible for carrying out certain activities. Who hasn’t heard the excuses
DRAFT
such as “It’s not my job. I thought so-and-so was supposed to do that. That’s our
responsibility”. And the worst is when no one bother to take the responsibility.
Well explained job descriptions can make people work with ease and
confidence especially when dealing with clients. This reduces the chances of
errors, keeps employees focused, takes pride, and does work professionally.
1. Staff Appearance - All spas should have a clear policy that describes
the acceptable dress code and physical appearance for staff
members. Many spas prohibit certain items of clothing, such as tank
tops, jeans, cut-off shorts, flip flops or mini-skirts. Management may
also request that staff members wear clothing that follows current
fashion trends. Some spas may issue staff uniforms to eliminate
issues or institute a dress code that calls for all employees to wear
the same color clothing. Female staff members may be required to
wear makeup and have their hair pulled back.
143
2. Telephone Procedure - All spa staff members must answer
telephones in a courteous, friendly manner. Most spas require that
phone calls be answered in a certain number of rings, so customers
are not kept waiting. They may also have an office greeting that
staff members are required to say when answering the phone. Staff
is usually instructed not to place calls on hold without asking for
the caller’s permission or keep customers on hold for longer than
a minute. Before hanging up a call, staff members must repeat
pertinent information, such as the scheduled appointment date, time
and service.
3. Client Consultation - During consultations, spa employees should
learn exactly what clients hope to get out of a spa treatment. They
must read the client’s record prior to the consultation to see what
previous services have been performed. Spa staff should then
discuss details that are pertinent to the specific service, such as the
client’s skin or hair type, if they are prone to allergic reactions or if
they have physical conditions that might be aggravated by certain
types of massage. Spa employees should then explain the client’s
options and help her make an informed decision about what treatment
she should have performed. Once a service has been chosen, the
DRAFT
procedure should be explained to the client in detail so she knows
what to expect.
4. Service Procedures - Each service provided by the spa should have

an established procedure when administered to clients. Guidelines
vary based on the specific treatment. Manicure and pedicure
workers must be sure to sterilize all equipment. Aestheticians must
monitor clients to ensure that they are not having an allergic reaction.
Massage therapists must make sure that clients are comfortable with
the manner in which they are draped by towels or sheets.
5. Housekeeping Procedures - One of the most critical aspects of a

spa’s standard operating procedures is their housekeeping policy.
Clients will be turned off by dirty, unsanitary conditions, and the spa
may face health code violations as well. Laundry must be done on
a daily basis so there is a plentiful stock of clean towels and sheets
in service areas and changing rooms. Floors should be swept
throughout the day and mopped at the close of business each night.
Carpeting should be vacuumed as well. Trash must be thrown out
throughout the day, and any hazardous materials must be disposed
of immediately. In addition, spa equipment and supplies must be
sanitized after use on each client.
144
Activity 1. Concept Mapping

Direction: Discuss with your group mates and choose a certain area to draft
Standard Operating Procedure using Concept Mapping. Be ready
for a class presentation. Use the pattern to construct your idea.
DRAFT
Rubrics for Evaluation:
Area Presentation Very Good Good Needs

(15) (10) Improvement
(5)
145
Hygiene and Infection Control Practices
Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences
Regulations 1985 (RIDDOR)
• By law the following incidents must be reported:
• deaths
• Major injuries or poisonings
• Any accident where the person injured is away from work for more
than three days
• Injuries where members of the public are taken to hospital
• Diseases contracted at work
• Dangerous occurrences that did not result in reportable injury but might
have done.
Tasks to Ensure a Clean, Sanitary, and Safe Facility
END OF BUSINESS DAY

1. Wash all bowls, implements, application brushes, trays, and other
equipment with hot, soapy water and wipe with a disinfectant before
storing them in closed containers.
2. Wash cloth products such as massage sheets, blankets, robes, slippers,
DRAFT
hand towels, bath towels, and shower mats in hot water with detergent
and dry using heat before storing in a closed container.
3. Deep clean and disinfect bathrooms.
4. Clean floors, clean and disinfect items in the reception area, clean any
beverage service items, clean common areas, and disinfect items such
as handrails and doorknobs.
5. Empty and disinfect trash bins.
WEEKLY
1. Clean windows, window frames, and window ledges.

2. Deep clean the reception area and wipe down chairs, the beverage
service, magazines, and decorative side tables.
3. Wipe down shelving used to hold retail items and dust retail items.
4. Dust light fixtures, picture frames, the music system, shelving, and
decorative items in the treatment room.
5. Organize CDs, storage cabinets, and supplies.
6. Check smoke detectors to ensure they are in good working order.
7. Check and replace light bulbs both inside and outside the facility.
8. Water and dust plants.
146
Activity 1:
Direction: Group the following task in its specific time table. Write the letter
on the table below. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this
task.
a. Check smoke detectors to ensure they are in good working order.

b. Deep clean and disinfect bathrooms.
c. Disinfect the lubricant container or bottles used to hold spa product.
d. Organize CDs, storage cabinets, and supplies.
e. Change bath mats and towels if shower or tub has been used.
f. Deep clean the reception area and wipe down chairs, the beverage
service, magazines, and decorative side tables.
j. Open doors and windows to ventilate room.
h. If a hydrotherapy tub or foot basin with jets has been used, the jets
must be flushed with bleach or the manufacturer’s recommended cleaner
and dried.
i. Wash cloth products such as massage sheets, blankets, robes,
DRAFT
slippers, hand towels, bath towels, and shower mats in hot water with
detergent and dry using heat before storing in a closed container.
j. Clean floors, clean and disinfect items in the reception area, clean any
beverage service items, clean common areas, and disinfect items such
as handrails and doorknobs.
End of Business Day Weekly
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5. 5.
6. 6.
147
PERFORM SELF-ASSESSMENT FOR WELLNESS MASSAGE SESSION
The consultation is a very important part of the treatment.
Sufficient time must be allowed so that it is not rushed. This is the time to
gather and exchange information. The initial consultation will be the longest
and provide detailed information, which must be accurately recorded on a
treatment card. This must be filed in a safe and accessible place and used
each time the client attends for treatment. Before subsequent treatments, a
brief consultation is usually sufficient to establish the effects and outcomes of
the previous treatments and whether any changes are to be made or further
action is to be taken.
IMPORTANT:
Before the massage, get client’s body
temperature and blood pressure.
METHODS OF SCANNING
Importance of doing detailed consultation prior to massage
• to introduce yourself and get to know the client
DRAFT
• to establish a rapport with the client and put her/him at ease
• to develop mutual trust and gain the client’s confidence
• to gain information on the client’s past and present state of mental and
physical health
• to identify any contra-indications
• to gain insight into the client’s lifestyle, responsibilities, work environment,
leisure activities etc
• to identify the client’s needs and expectations of the treatment
• to establish the most appropriate form of treatment and to discuss and
• to explain the treatment fully to the client, including the procedure,
expected effects, timing and frequency
Activity 1.
Direction: Create a simple Client’s Information Sheet.
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Rubrics for Evaluation:
25% 15% 10%
A. Communication Skills
B. Self Confidence
C. Establishing Rapport
D. Clients Response to
information asked
PERFORM WELLNESS MASSAGE TECHNIQUES

Let’s try...
Activity 1. TV Presentation
Direction: View this download presentation through your television set
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jTIIFhFi-o). Write a five-sentence-
DRAFT
reaction about the documentary you have just watched. Use the following
guide questions. Use your activity notebook to accomplish this task.
Let’s start...
TAWAS: Traditional Alternative/Asian Wellness Analytic System
Our ancestors are well-known when it comes to wellness massage.
TAWAS is a Filipino Traditional spiritual diagnostic system used by Hilot in
determining the cause of illness of the patient.
Now-a-days, PJHA re-develop TAWAS as Hilot modality in determining
illness through Traditional Alternative/Asian Wellness Analytic System.
What is Hilot?
Hilot Wellness Modern Tawas consist of the following:
a. Palpation of hot and cold syndrome (Pagkapa) - Hilot Pakapa is done
with the palm at surface of the hand palpating the body surface of the patient
in determining balance of hot and cold.
b. Palpation of skin tissues/ and stiff muscles (Pagsasalat) - Hilot Pasalat
uses tips of the fingers in determining stiffness and knotting of muscles and
tissues. The objective of this procedure is to palpate parts of the body for
presence of lumps, protuberances, swelling, and inflammation usually with
pain.
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Massage Pressure Areas
Learning the basics
You don’t need to be a massage therapist to give a massage.
You can use simple touch techniques to help heal and soothe your friends and
loved ones – and even yourself and relieve pain, to give pleasure or simply to
express love.
Basic Massage Pressure Areas
Hands
DRAFT
The body has lines of energy that end in specific zones in your hand
Interpretation:
Zone 1 – connects to the head and neck
Zone 2 – links with the chest and lungs
Zone 3 – corresponds to the organs above
Zone 4 – links to the digestive tract and the area
below the navel.
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DRAFT
http://karmajello.com/postcont/2013/06/Reflexology-FOOT1.jpg
Interpretation
Zone 1 – link with the head and neck and the ball of the foot
Zone 2 – links to the chest and shoulders.
Zone 3 – connects to the organs beneath the ribs but above
the navel
Zone 4 – corresponds to the lower abdomen and pelvis
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Face
http://lifepositive.com/Body/Health/images/right-diagnosis1.jpg
DRAFT
http://reikimasterthailand.com/images/12-meridians.jpg
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Activity 1. Practice
Ask a partner to press the following pressure points as instructed by the
DRAFT
Rubrics for Scoring:
PERFORM THE PRE-MASSAGE OPERATION THROUGH HANDS AND

FINGERS
Effects of Massage Strokes

When massage techniques are applied to the body, they can affect it
through two different response pathways. Mechanical responses to
techniques occur as a direct result of the manipulation of the tissues
from components such as pressure, range of motion, and the pushing,
pulling, lifting, compressing, and twisting of the tissue.
Changes to the body as a result of these effects include increased

circulation to the area, changes in fluid movement, increased pliability of
the tissue, and reduction of adhesions.
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The other type of response is called a reflexive response and is the
result of changes directed through the nervous system. When the nerves in the
area are stimulated, they create a response either locally or systemically.
Examples of reflexive responses include the reduction of blood pressure
through the increased diameter of blood vessels, the decreased arousal of
the sympathetic nervous system, and changes in hormone levels. While these
responses are discussed separately, they are closely related and often occur
simultaneously.
THE FOUR MAIN GROUPS OF MASSAGE STROKES

Effleurage
Petrissage
Percussion or Taponement
Vibrations

1. Effleurage: where the hands skim over the surface of the tissues
-The word ‘effleurage’ comes from the French verb effleurer, which
means ‘to skim over’.
There are two manipulations within this group:
• effleurage
DRAFT
• stroking.
• Differences between effleurage and stroking
EFFLEURAGE Stroking
• Effleurage must always • Stroking may be performed
follow the direction of in any direction. The
venous return back to the pressure during effleurage
heart and the direction of may be light, moderate or
lymphatic drainage towards heavy, but always increases
the nearest group of at the end of the stroke
lymphatic nodes towards the lymphatic
nodes. The pressure of
stroking is selected at the
commencement and is
maintained throughout. It also
may be light, moderate or
heavy pressure depending on
the type of massage given.
• When performing • When performing stroking, the
effleurage, hand contact hands may maintain contact
is maintained during or may lift off the part on
the return of the stroke, return.
although little pressure is
applied.
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maintained throughout. It also may
be light, moderate or heavy pressure
depending on the type of massage
given.
• When performing effleurage, • When performing stroking,

hand contact is maintained during the hands may maintain
the return of the stroke, although contact or may lift off the part
little pressure is applied. on return.
Effleurage Technique
1. Ensure that the client is
warm and comfortable.
2. Take up a walk standing
position with the outside
foot forward: make sure you
can reach all parts.
3. Remember to bend the
front knee as the movement
DRAFT
progresses and use body
weight to apply pressure
(pressure must not be
applied through the arms
and shoulders alone). Keep
your back straight.
4. Ensure that your hands are
warm, relaxed and supple –
they must mould and adapt
to the body contours.
5. The hands must move in the direction of venous return back to the
heart, beginning distally and working proximally.
6. The strokes must be directed towards, and end at, a group of
lymphatic nodes wherever possible.
7. The pressure should increase slightly at the end of the stroke.
8. The hands maintain contact on the return of stroke but apply little
pressure.
9. The movement must be smooth and rhythmical, with continuous
flow and even pressure.
10. The whole of the palmar surface of the hand, fingers and thumb
should maintain contact with the body in a relaxed manner. (Do not
extend, abduct or link the thumbs, and do not spread the fingers
out, as these habits will give uneven pressure.)
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11. The hands usually work together with even pressure and rhythm.
However, the hands may be used alternately when care must be taken
to maintain an even pressure under each hand and to synchronise
the flow and rhythm.
12. On small areas, one hand may work while the other supports the
tissues. On very small areas such as the face, fingers or toes, the
thumbs only may be used in a sweeping action.
StrokeTechnique
1. The therapist’s stance depends
on the direction of movement –
walk standing (one foot in front
of the other) if working top to
bottom, stride standing (feet
apart) if working from side to
side.
2. The hands must be warm,
relaxed and supple; they may
mould and adapt to the contours
of the body but this is not always
DRAFT
so.
3. The wrists must be very flexible
and loose.
4. The movement can be performed
in any direction.
5. The pressure is selected at
the commencement of the stroke and maintained throughout the stroke.
This pressure may be light to moderate for a relaxing massage, or firm
and heavy for a vigorous massage.
6. The movements must be rhythmical with continuous flow. The hands
may or may not be lifted off the part at the end of the stroke.
7. The whole of the palmar surface of the hand, fingers and thumb may
remain in contact with the part, or the fingers only may be used.
8. The hands usually work alternately, one hand commencing a stroke as
the other reaches the end.
9. The hands may work in opposite directions if working across the back,
one beginning on the right side, the other on the left side, then crossing
the back. Stroking is frequently performed from the nape of the neck to
the base of the spine, or transversely across the abdomen, back or
thigh.
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AREA FOR MANIPULATION
A. Head - use pinching, sliding and pressed release manipulation

- pinching – is to squeeze between your thumb and finger often in a
painful way
- sliding -
- pressed release -
• Shoulder – use figure of eight tech-kneading or gliding

• Forearm – use sliding and thumb walking
• Hand – use press release, slide and rotate
B. Back Area
Procedure in Massaging back area

Step 1: Starting on the back use a smooth stroking movement “gliding”
downwards with thumb on either side of the spine ( do not press the bones
– outside them) and then take the hands to the sde and glide back up the
shoulders
Step 2 : From kneeling position at your partner’s side use the whole of your
DRAFT
hand and a smooth stroking movement to pull up steadily. One hand at a time
working all the way up and down one side of partners back few time then repeat
to other side.
Step 3: Squeeze the muscles form one hand to the others, to knead the muscles
of the back of the shoulder and release deep selected muscles tension, make
sure you knead generously, rather than using pinching movement, repeat to
the other side.
Step 4: Stretch the back using forearm to glide in differ direction, try to keep
a constant, steady pressure. lift off the arm when they reach the neck and
buttocks. Return to the centre of the back and repeat a few times.
C. Leg Area
Procedure in massage the leg area

Step 1: moving down to the lower extremities – foot area, press the muscles of
the scalp then protect the tendon area.
Step 2: Do not put over pressure on the area behind the knee, but glide over
knead the back of the thigh, then stroke all the way up leg handover hand,
always moving in an upward directing repeat on leg.
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D. Foot Area
Procedure in massaging the foot area.
Step 1. . Use the stroke of press on release, rotate and slide, repeat
these movement to the other side of the foot
After Care – end of Manipulation

Use the mild warm-up, massage for the ending manipulation, sliding
from the back of shoulder up to the buttock then up to the channel of leg and
foot.
Activity1. Get your pair and perform the following manipulation. Use the
rating below:
Time Duration 25%
Pressure
Effect
DRAFT 25%
50%
1. Petrissage
‘Petrissage’ - comes from the French verb pétrir meaning ‘to knead’.
There are five manipulations in this group, but some can be further
subdivided:
1. kneading
2. wringing
3. picking up
4. skin and muscle rolling
5. frictions.
All the manipulations in this group apply pressure to the tissues, but
each manipulation differs in technique. The true kneading manipulations
apply pressure to the tissue and move them over underlying bone in a circular
movement. However, other manipulations have evolved where the tissues
are lifted away from the bone, squeezed and then released. Some of the
manipulations in this group are quite difficult to perform and much practice is
needed to perfect them.
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1.1 Kneading
There are many forms of kneading. The terminology used for each one will tell
you what should be done, so study them carefully.
1.a Palmar kneading: this is kneading with the palmar surface of the hand.
There are different forms of palmar kneading.
1.b Digital kneading: this is kneading with the digits (i.e. the fingers) – index,
middle and ring fingers are usually used.
1.c Thumb kneading: this is kneading with the thumbs.
1.d Ulnar border kneading: this is kneading with the ulnar border of the hand
(ulnar bone or little finger side).
DRAFT
Activity1. Get your pair and perform the following manipulation. Use the
rating below:
Time Duration 25%
Pressure 25%
Effect 50%
2.2 Wringing
Wringing is a manipulation where the tissues are lifted away from the
bone, and pushed and wrung from side to side as the hands move up and
down. It must not be used on over-stretched muscles or those with poor tone.
159
Technique
1. The stance is usually stride standing.
2. The hands must be warm, relaxed and supple.
3. The tissues are grasped in the palm of the hand and held between the
fingers and thumb (taking care not to pinch).
4. The tissues are lifted away from the bone. The tissues are moved
diagonally from side to side by pushing the fingers of one hand towards
the thumb of the opposite hand.
5. Keeping the tissues in the palm and lifted away from the bone, the
hands move up and down along the length of the part, pushing the
flesh from side to side. Do not pinch with the thumbs and fingers of the
same hand.
6. The hands work up and down until the area is well covered and return
to starting point.
2.3 Picking Up
Picking up is also a manipulation where the tissues are lifted away
from the bone, squeezed and released. It may be performed with one hand or
with both hands. It must not be used on stretched muscles or those with poor
tone.
DRAFT
2.3a. Single-handed picking up: technique
This method is performed with one hand grasping the muscle.
1. The stance is walk standing.
2. Spread the thumb away from the fingers, i.e. abduct the thumb.
3. Place the thumb on one side of the muscle or group and the fingers
together on the other side.
4. Grasp and lift the muscle in the palm of the hand, squeezing with the
thumb and fingers (do not pinch).
5. Release the muscle and move the hand forward, pushing upward with
the palm and web of the abducted thumb. Slight flexion and extension
of the wrist accompanies this movement.
6. The hand moves upwards in this manner, picking up, squeezing,
releasing and moving on.
7. The hand may work up and down, or it may work up and slide back
down.
8. Use the other hand to support the tissues.
160
2.4 Skin rolling
This manipulation presses and rolls the skin and subcutaneous tissues
against underlying
bone.
Technique
1. The stance is stride standing.
2. Place the hands flat over the area with the
3. thumbs abducted.
4. Lift and push the flesh with the fingers towards the thumbs.
5. Roll this flesh, using the thumbs moving across towards the fingers.
6. Move smoothly onto a lower area and then work back.
2.5 Muscle Rolling

This manipulation lifts the muscle away from the bone and moves it
Technique
2. Place the thumbs nail to nail in a straight line on one side of the muscle
DRAFT
and place the fingers over the other side.
3. Grasp and lift the muscle away from the bone.
4. Push the muscle with the thumbs towards the fingers, which give
slightly as the muscle moves.
5. Push the muscle back towards the thumbs, using the fingers in the
same way.
6. Push the muscle backwards and forwards, applying pressure into the
muscle and using a rocking action.
7. Move along the muscle by sliding the hands.
2. 6 Frictions
These are very localised manipulations performed with the fingers or
thumb. They may be applied transversely across muscle fibres or in a circular
movement. They are deep movements performed with much pressure.
The pressure may be selected at the commencement and kept constant
throughout, as is usual with transverse frictions, or the pressure may get
progressively deeper, as with circular frictions. The pressure must, however,
be completely released before moving on to a new area. Frictions are
performed on dry skin, free of oil or talcum powder, so that the fingers move
the skin and do not slip over it.
Remember these are specialised movements, used when localised
depth and pressure is required. They should not be confused with digital or
thumb kneading, which applies constant upward pressure using a circular
movement.
161
Fast stroking is also sometimes referred to as brisk friction because
the hands do apply friction to the area, but this covers a large area and is not
localised
2.6a Circular Frictions

These are small circular movements performed by the fingers or
thumb.
Technique
1. The stance is usually walk standing.
2. Select and examine the small localised area where frictions are
required.
3. Stroke it gently with the sweeping thumb or palm.
4. Use the thumb or the fingers: the middle finger is usually used to
reinforce the index and ring fingers.
5. Do not hyper-extend any joints when applying pressure, as this will
strain and damage the joints. Keep the fingers straight.
6. Circular frictions are performed in small circles, moving deeper and
deeper into the tissues to a maximum depth, then released. Repeat
three to four times over the same spot and then move to another area
DRAFT
as required.
7. The fingers or thumb must not slide or rub over the surface of the skin,
but the superficial tissues must move with the fingers over the deeper
ones.
8. Areas requiring frictions may be tender and care must be taken not to
cause unnecessary pain through excessive pressure.
9. Effleurage or stroke the area frequently between friction manipulations
and at the end of the treatment.
3. Percussion or tapotement: where the hands strike the tissues
There are four manipulations in this group, named according to the

position of the hands and the way in which they strike the part:
1. Hacking
2. Cupping
3. Beating
4. Pounding
162
3.1. Hacking - This manipulation uses the ulnar border of the hand
and the little finger, ring and middle fingers to strike the tissues in a light,
springy, brisk manner. The forearm must alternately pronate and supinate to
allow the fingers to strike the part. The hands strike alternately.
Technique
1. The stance should be stride standing, with the feet a good distance
apart and the knees relaxed or bent, keeping the back straight.
2. Place the hands together with the fingers straight as in prayer, thumbs
against chest.
3. Take the elbows away from the sides, i.e. abduct the shoulder joint.
The wrists will now be extended at an 80–90° angle.
4. Place the arms parallel and just above the part to be worked on.
5. Supinate and pronate the forearm so that the little fingers strike the
part lightly and then lift away.
6. Practise this action until the arms roll easily.
7. Now practise the whole procedure. Part the hands and strike the part
alternately(remember to keep the elbows out and wrists extended).
8. Relax or slightly flex the fingers and, keeping the same action, strike
the part alternately with the ulnar border of the little, ring and middle
DRAFT
fingers.
9. Strike lightly, briskly and rhythmically with alternate hands.
10. Work up and down or across an area – cover thoroughly.
11. The hands may also diverge – the heels of the hand stay close but the
fingers diverge forming a ‘\/’ shape. This is useful over the upper fibres
of the trapezius, below the nape of the neck.
3.2 Cupping
Cupping (also known as clapping) is performed using the cupped
hands to strike the part alternately. The movements are light and brisk,
producing a hollow sound.
Technique
1. The stance is stride standing, as for hacking.
2. Make a hollow shape with the hand by flexing the metacarpo-phalangeal
joints (knuckle joints). Keep the thumb in contact with the index finger.
3. Straighten the elbows – they may flex and extend slightly with the
movement.
4. Place the hands on the part.
5. Flex and extend the wrist as the hands lift up and down alternately; keep
the wrists loose and flexible.
163
6. Strike the part lightly and briskly with the fingers, part of the palm and heel
of the hand.
7. The hands should clap the area, making a hollow sound. Avoid a slapping
noise, which will occur if the hands are too flat. This will sting and be
uncomfortable for the client.
8. Work up and down or across the area. Cover it thoroughly four to six times
until an erythema is produced.
3.3 Beating
This is a heavier percussion movement that is useful on very large
heavy areas of adipose tissue, particularly over the buttocks and thighs. The
manipulation is performed by striking the area with a loosely clenched fist.
The back of the fingers and heel of the hands strike the part as the hands
alternately drop heavily onto the area.
Technique
2. Loosely clench the fingers; keep the thumb against the hand.
DRAFT
3. Straighten the elbows.
4. Place the loosely clenched hands on the part so that the back of the
fingers and heel of the hand lie in contact with the part.
5. Extend and flex the wrist and lift the arms slightly so that the hands fall
alternately and heavily on the part.
6. Work up and down or across the area and ensure that you cover it
thoroughly four to six times.
7. The movement should be brisk and rhythmical. The pressure can vary
from light to heavy, depending on the required outcome and the type
of tissue being worked on. Well-toned bulky muscles or a depth of
adipose tissue (fat) will be suitable for heavier pressure.
8. It is usual to work with both hands striking the part alternately, but it is
possible over small or awkward areas to use one hand only, supporting
the tissues with the other.
3.4Pounding
This, again, is a heavy percussion movement, performed by the ulnar

border (little finger side) of the loosely clenched fist. The side of the hands
strikes the part alternately.
164
Technique
2. Loosely clench the fingers.
3. Place the ulnar border of the hands on the part, with one hand slightly
in front of the other.
4. Lift the front hand and strike behind the back hand as the back hand
lifts off the part.
5. Continue to circle the hands over each other, striking the part
alternately with each hand.
6. The movement should be brisk and rhythmical. The pressure can vary
from light to heavy, depending on the desired effect and density of
tissue.
7. Cover the area thoroughly four to six times, or until the desired
erythema reaction is achieved.
Activity 2: Demonstration
Student will find a partner and perform effleurage. Ask you partner to
DRAFT
give you his rating.
Time Duration 25%
Pressure 25%
Effect 50%
5.Vibrations
There are two manipulations in this group: shaking and vibration. Both
produce vibrations or tremors within the tissues. Shaking is a much bigger,
coarser movement and produces shaking of the muscle, while vibrations are
fine movements that merely produce a tremor.
5.1 Vibration
This manipulation is usually performed with one hand. However, on large

areas both hands can be used. The hand is placed over the area and vibrated
either up and down or from side to side. The action produces vibrations in the
underlying tissue.
165
Activity 1: Demonstration
Student will find a partner and perform effleurage. Ask you partner to
give you his rating.
Time Duration 25%
Pressure 25%
Effect 50%
Customized Amount of Pressure Applied
Manipulations should be selected to suit the client and personal

preference or expertise. There are, however, basic rules and guidelines.
DRAFT
• Comfort: massage must always be comfortable. It must not hurt or injure the
client, even the vigorous and stimulating techniques.
• Direction: pressure must be applied in the direction of venous drainage

towards the heart and the direction of lymphatic drainage to the nearest
lymphatic nodes. (Do not pull back what you have pushed along as this is
counter-productive.)
• Order: begin with effleurage, follow with applicable petrissage manipulations

then percussion if suitable, and complete with effleurage. Effleurage and
stroking may be interspersed among any of the other manipulations.
• Continuity: massage should be continuous – the transition between strokes

should be barely perceptible. The hands should not be lifted off the area once
treatment has commenced until that area is completed. Move smoothly from
one stroke to another.
• Speed: this must be selected according to the type of massage required –

slow for relaxing, moderate for a general massage, and faster for a vigorous,
stimulating massage.
166
• Depth: this must be selected according to the type of massage, as described
– moderate depth for a relaxing and general massage, deeper for a vigorous
massage. Depth must also be adjusted to suit the client and the desired
outcome of the treatment. For example, young, fit clients will take greater
depth than older clients; well-toned clients will take greater depth than those
with loose, flabby muscles or thin clients; obese clients or those with specific
areas of hard adipose tissue will require greater depth. Those accustomed
to massage generally prefer a deeper massage than new nervous clients.
(Always ask the client if manipulations are too deep or not deep enough.)
• Rhythm: this must be consistent regardless of the type of client. The rhythm
is selected at the beginning of the massage and maintained throughout,
e.g. slow rhythm for a relaxing massage, moderate for a general, and a
faster rhythm for a vigorous massage.
• Stance: protect yourself from strain and injury by adopting the correct posture.
There are two standing positions used in massage:
a) walk standing (i.e. with one foot in front of the other) is used when
massaging up and down the length of the body
b) stride standing (i.e. with the feet apart) is used when working across
DRAFT
the body. Always keep the back straight and the shoulders relaxed.
c) Allow the knees to bend when necessary to apply body weight and
to reach all areas. Increased depth and pressure must come from
body weight transmitted through the arms, but not by pushing with
the arms. Use a slight swaying body movement to achieve this. Keep
the feet apart – this improves balance and provides stability, as it
gives a wider base.
• Concentration: maintain your concentration throughout the massage.

Although massage movements become semi-automatic as expertise
develops, it is still important to concentrate fully on the task in hand.
Continuity and rhythm will suffer if there is a lapse in concentration, and this
is transmitted to the client.
• Coverage: cover the whole area thoroughly. Do not neglect small areas as
this will result in uneven coverage.
167
Duration of Application of Pressure
The timing of a body massage is usually one hour but may be
longer. The order of covering the body is usually:
➛ right leg 7 minutes
➛ left leg 7 minutes
➛ left arm 5 minutes
➛ right arm 5 minutes
➛ décolleté 5 minutes
➛ abdomen 5 minutes
➛ back of legs 6 minutes
➛ back 20 minutes
Activity 1.Multiple-Choice
1. The hand is placed over the area and vibrated either up and down or from
DRAFT
side to side. The action produces vibrations in the underlying tissue.
2. This massage strokes apply pressure to the tissues.
a. Vibration b. Knead c. beating d. Petrissage
3. Massage strokes that skims the surface of the tissues.
a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. beating d. Petrissage
4. This manipulation lifts the muscle away from the bone and moves it from
side to side in a rocking manner.
Activity 2. Pair Activity

Direction: Work in pairs - one will play at a client/customer and the other
will be the therapist. Demonstrate all massage manipulations at various
speeds, depths and rhythms. Change roles after performing. Rate one
another using the checklist below. After the task, submit the checklist to your
teacher the interpretation.
168
M a s s a g e Time Duration Pressure Effect
Manipulations 25% 25% 50%
Effleurage
Taponement
Petrissage
Vibration
OBSERVE POLICIES AND STANDARDS OF THE WORKPLACE.
Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations Applicable to the Massage/

Beauty Therapist
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992
This regulation covers health, safety and welfare in the workplace.
DRAFT
Workplace means any place where people are employed or are self
employed; it includes the outdoor areas such as paths, etc
Health issues under this Act include:

A) ADEQUATE VENTILATION
Premises must be well ventilated, removing stale air and drawing in fresh
clean air without draughts.
B) COMFORTABLE WORKING TEMPERATURE

It is difficult to select the temperature to suit everybody: around 16°C is
recommended. The temperature should be comfortable for working but the
client will usually be inactive and may feel cold; make sure that s/he is also
warm enough.
C) ADEQUATE LIGHTING
Lighting must be adequate to enable people to work and move around
safely. It should be suitable for the treatment in progress; low soft lighting is
desirable for some massage routines.
D) CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE

Premises must be cleaned regularly to the highest standard. Floors, walls
and ceilings together with furniture and fittings should be washed and
disinfected where possible. All towels and sheets used should be boil-
washed after each client. Hygiene is discussed later in this chapter.
169
E) WASTE
Waste must be stored in suitable, covered bins and disposed of in
accordance with regulations. Disposable needles must be placed in a
‘sharps box’ for collection.
F) ADEQUATE SPACE FOR WORKING

Cubicles containing a couch, trolley, chair, stools and waste bin should be
large enough for the therapist and client to move around in easily. There
should be adequate space for all staff to move around easily in the salon
without having to negotiate obstacles.
G) MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT
Everything in the workplace, the equipment and systems, should be
maintained in efficient working order. If a fault occurs in any machine or
other equipment, it must be taken out of use immediately. It must be clearly
labelled ‘FAULTY, OUT OF USE’ and stored away from the working area.
The fault must be reported and the appropriate action taken to repair it.
H) FLOORS AND TRAFFIC ROUTES

a. Floors should be sound and even, with a non-slippery surface and
DRAFT
must be kept free of obstacles. Any spillages such as water, oil, powder
etc, should be wiped up immediately because they will make the floor
slippery, which may result in someone slipping and falling.
b. Doors should be wide enough for easy access and exit; stairs should be
sound and well lit. A handrail should be provided on at least one side of
the stairs.
I) FALLS AND FALLING OBJECTS
a. Every effort must be made to prevent anyone falling on the premises.
b. Sound, even, non-slip floors will help. Leads should not trail across the
floor but should lie along the wall; stools and bins should be stored under
couches; other equipment must not be left around but must be stored
correctly.
c. Every effort must be made to prevent objects falling and injuring people.
Storage shelves must be checked regularly and examined for any
damage that may weaken them.
d. Objects should be stored and stacked safely in such a way that they
are not likely to fall. Shelves should not be overloaded and should have
maximum load notices.
170
J) WINDOWS
These should be clean and open easily. Ensure that people cannot walk
into them if they are open.
K) SANITARY CONVENIENCES
Toilets and washing facilities should be available to all persons. These
rooms should be clean (cleaned and disinfected regularly), well lit and
ventilated. There should be hot and cold running water, soap (preferably in
a dispenser), and drying facilities such as paper towels or dry air machines
(to prevent the spread of micro-organisms).
L) DRINKING WATER
An adequate supply of fresh drinking water must be provided, either direct
mains water, a chilled water dispenser or bottled water.
M) CHANGING ROOMS
These rooms must be clean, suitable and secure, where outer garments
can be removed and uniforms put on. Changing rooms are also desirable
for clients although the cubicles too may be used if privacy for the user can
be ensured.
DRAFT
N) FACILITIES FOR RESTING AND EATING
Food and drink should not be consumed in the treatment cubicles or in the
salon. A clean room should be allocated for eating. Adequate comfortable
chairs should be provided as well as a table or tables on which to place food
and drink.
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Activity 1: Visit a Massage Parlor nearest to your place and make an interview
if these policies and standards of the workplace on Health, Safety Regulations
are being observed. Rate all these according to
POLICIES 15 10 5
A. ADEQUATE VENTILATION
B. COMFORTABLE WORKING TEMPERATURE
C. ADEQUATE LIGHTING
D. CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE
E. WASTE
F. ADEQUATE SPACE FOR WORKING
G. MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT
H. FLOORS AND TRAFFIC ROUTES
I. FALLS AND FALLING OBJECTS
J. WINDOWS
K. SANITARY CONVENIENCES
DRAFT
L. DRINKING WATER
M. CHANGING ROOMS
N. FACILITIES FOR RESTING AND EATING
ASSIST CLIENTS SATISFACTORY RESPONSE
Client Responses
Assessing your client’s satisfaction with all aspects of the Wellness
Massage services, you provide valuable input to guide modifications and
improvement in service delivery. The tool specifically develops for this growing
sector/industry provides some background on why it is important to collect client
satisfaction feedback. Furthermore, this tool discusses the timing, frequency,
and options for data collection. Additionally, the tool describes how to analyze
and use client satisfaction results to plan improvements in client services.
172
Why Conduct Client Satisfaction Assessments?
Conducting client satisfaction activities can help you to:

 Identify opportunities for service improvements;
 Identify what clients want as opposed to what you or your staff think they
want; and
 Provide feedback to service delivery staff, management, and others about
program effectiveness.
Steps in the Process

In order to carryout successful client satisfaction activities, the following
steps should be completed:
1. Decide what you want to look at and learn. Research shows there are six
basic areas of the most concern to clients. Those areas are: Amenities;
People Skills; Environment; Medical Expertise; Affordability and Systems.
2. Choose which method you want to use to collect information from clients
about their satisfaction with your services.
3. Select who will be involved in collecting information from clients and prepare
them for that role.
DRAFT
4. Interpret the data you obtain from clients so you can use it to improve
services.
5. Share the results with staff and get them involved in planning improvements.
http://www.familypact.org/Files/Provider/Provider%20
Resources/Quality%20Improvement%20Tools/2011-0927_
ClientSatisfactionQIToolandSampleSurveys_508.pdf
173
Activity. Assess Your Skill
Direction: Look 2 clients and conduct Client Satisfaction Assessments.
They will rate your performance using the scale below.
Name: __________________________ Gender:________

Age: ___________
5 4 3 2 1
1. Massage therapist appearance
a. The therapist wear clean garment
b. Therapist has short hair or neatly tied
c. Has short nails
2. Communication
a. Instructions are being given from time to time
b. My queries were all answered well
DRAFT
3. Preparing clients for body massage
a. A short interview was carried out
b. A short orientation was done
4. Massage technique
a. I feel secure during the session.
b. use of oils and other essences were used

c. Pressure in every strokes suits to my need
Over all Rating _______________
174
Post Test 3
Test I. Multiple Choice

1. What do you call the type of drape used to protect the client hair?
a. Facial drape b. Gluteal drape c. Breast drape d. Turban drape
2. a. Risk b. Danger c. Hazard d. Warning

is the very common precautionary measure we oftentimes read in labels of
any supplies used in cleaning or disinfecting.
3. Safest substance found in spa salon is known as the _______.

4. What is the technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you covered
while getting a massage?
a. Draping b. Massage c. Cupping d. Hygiene
DRAFT
5. What do you call the massage stroke wherein the hands skim over the
surface of the skin?
a. Effleurage b. Percussion c. Petrissage d. Vibration
6. What massage stroke wherein the hand is placed and vibrated over the
target area is called as _____.
7. A kind of massage stroke that uses pressure to the tissues.

a. Vibration b. Knead c. Beating d. Petrissage
8. What is the regular time duration for back massage?

a. 20 mins b. 5 minutes c. 7 minutes d. 6 minutes
9. What is the kind of manipulation that pinches and moves the muscle from
side to side in a rocking manner?
10. The massage stroke where the hands strike the target area is known as
______. a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. Taponement d. Petrissage
175
Test II. True or False:
Direction: Write the word TRUE on the remarks column if massage
is appropriate with the stated condition and FALSE if it is
inappropriate. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this task.
Conditions TRUE FALSE

1 Blood clots
2 Bleeding
3 Fever
4 Fracture
5 Heart disease
6 Infectious disease
7 Kidney or liver disease
8 Pregnancy-induced diabetes
9 Severe cold
DRAFT
10 Menstrual Period
Test III. Matching Type
Direction: Match Column A with Column by identifying the pictures below.
Write the letter of the answer.
Column A Column B

1. face towel a
2. thermometer b.
3. basin c.

4. sphygmomanometer d.
5. sanitizer e.
f.
176
1-5. Write a five-sentence paragraph describing the phrase “Wellness
Massage”. Use your quiz notebook to accomplish this task.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Rubric:
Clarity and Accuracy of Concept: (3 pts)

Grammar Composition (2 pts.)
Total 5 pts
Let’s try this. Open-Ended Statement
DRAFT
Directions: Complete the open-ended statements below with your perception,
opinion on the concepts on wellness massage. (10 points)
Topic: Wellness Massage

Before, I thought that___________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
But now, ____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
I can ________________________________________________________
Rubric for grading:

Concept: (5pts)
Articulation (5 pts.)
Total 10 pts
177
QUARTER 4
POST-ADVICE AND POST POST-SERVICES TO CLIENTS
Overview
One feels relax and take pleasure every after treatment. But some mild
reactions such as muscle pains, tiredness, dizziness is being experienced by
the client due to toxins released from the body. So, it is very important to
have some follow up or after care body massage. Balanced diet is one to be
considered also.
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to advise
on post wellness services. In this part, introducing products and services should
also be given. Keeping the client informed about all the possible treatments
and products available within your salon is vitally important. Not only is it
enlightening for the client, allowing her to make informed choices, but it is also
essential if your business is to survive in a very competitive market.
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to advise
on post wellness services.
Pretest: 4
DRAFT
Multiple Choice: Read the statement carefully. Choose the best answer and
write it in your answer sheets.
1. The ______helps eliminate the toxins from the body.

a. juice b. tea c. water d. wine, helps eliminate the
toxins from the body.
2. A person must maintain a ______

a light healthy meal
b heavy healthy meal
c more vegetables
d juicy fruits
3. If possible avoid __________ before performing aftercare services.

a. alcohol
b. exercise
c. too much eating
d. drinking plenty of water for about 24 hours
178
4. After treatment has been given to a client, he/she feels
a. startle b. creepy c. canny d. relaxed
5. The most common body reactions in the aftercare services,
a. aching/soreness of muscles,
b. tiredness,
c. heightened emotional state
d. dizzy
6. The backbone of any successful business is customer service and

meeting clients’ needs and expectations in terms of
a. both product use and beauty therapy services
b. products services
c. beauty therapy services
d. supplies
7. In preparation of a room to be used in services, which is more

appropriate?
a. warm, well-ventilated area
b. a quiet area, away from distracting noise
c. low and diffused lighting
DRAFT
d. a spotlessly clean environment
8. What is the best after care products to be advised to clients?

a. Pre-blended aromatic plant oils
b. Exfoliates
c. Herbal teas and beverages
d. Mud/clays
9. It helps to increase the intake of oxygen and the elimination of carbon

dioxide
a. Deep breathing exercises
b. Weights
c. Dancing .
d. travelling are helpful to everyone as they
10. One of the after care services given to client is,
a. eatingt a light healthy meal
b. taking variety of soups
c. eating more fruits
d. drinking litres of water so the body can concentrate on healing.
179
II. TRUE or FALSE.
Direction: Read and analyze carefully the statements. Write the word TRUE
if it is correct and FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers in your quiz
notebook.
_______1. Making the clients feel welcome and at home with a friendly “Hello
is a nice gesture or strategy used in rebooking clients
workload, that s/he makes time to rest, takes a relaxing bath and goes
to bed early
and body oils.
DRAFT
______ 8. Home care advice is very beneficial for the client, as it involves
condition.
_______10. Drink plenty of water to hydrate & flush toxins
II. IDENTIFICATION: Write your answer on the space provided each number.
_____________1. It means being free from tension and anxiety.

_____________2. It involves visualizing pleasantly, suiting situations.
_____________3. It allows the client short time to settle and let go of tension.
_____________4. It is a technique used which means pull the feet up hard
and let go.
_____________5.It is a term used to push the feet down hard and let go.
180
III. Classify the following massage product if supplies , tools and
equipment. Write A if supplies and B if tools and equipment
_______1. massage oil
______ 2. shiatsu foot warmer
______ 3. food supplement
______4. neck and shoulder massager
______5. massage cream
DRAFT
PERFORM AFTERCARE SERVICES
Massage After Care Advice
1. Drink plenty of water or herbal teas to help eliminate the toxins
from the body.
2. Cut down on drinks containing caffeine so the body can begin to
heal
3. Eat a light healthy meal so the body can concentrate on healing
4. Rest as much as possible
5. If possible avoid alcohol for about 24 hours.
6. If aroma therapy oils were used, trey to avoid a bath/shower for
the 2 hours

After treatment you will usually feel relaxed and enjoy the benefits of
the treatment. Occasionally though, you may experience a reaction from the
treatment, however these are mainly due to the toxins being released from the
body, as the body is rebalancing and cleansing itself.
More common reactions can include: aching/soreness of muscles,
tiredness ,heightened emotional state. Less common reactions can include
: headache, dizziness or nausea. Excessive urination, increase in bowel
movements. Irritation, skin changes, fatigue, hyperactivity, change of appetite.
181
Hot Stone Massage & Body Massage Aftercare
You may feel a little light headed

Drink plenty of water to hydrate & flush toxins
Eat light, easy to digest meals
Drink herbal teas or fresh juice
Avoid alcohol, caffeine and cola
Avoid heat and direct sunlight
Take time out for relaxation
Reschedule for 4-6 weeks time
1. Identify products and services

1. Products - May include but are not limited to:
1.1 Pre-blended aromatic plant oils
1.2 Exfoliates
1.3 Herbal teas and beverages
1.4 Mud/clays
DRAFT
1.5 Herbal baths and poultices
1.6 Minerals (alum, incense, etc.)

2. Services - May include but are not limited to:
2.1. Herbal baths and scrubs
2.2. Body Services
2.3. Wellness and relaxation techniques
2.4. Exercise programs
2.5. Diet and nutrition programs
2.6. Detoxification programs
3. Aftercare products - May include but is not limited to:

3.1 Herbal products
3.2 Body oils
4. Aftercare services - Must include but are not limited to:
4.1 Rest period after service
4.2 Immediate bathing should be avoided (at least 6 hrs.
after the service)
4.3 Offering warm tea
182
❖ Home advice ❖
Home care advice is very beneficial for the client, as it involves them in
the treatment and encourages them to take control of their condition. It also
provides linkage between one treatment and the next. The advice given will
obviously depend on the client’s need and condition, e.g. the overweight client
or a client with cellulite will need dietary advice. For the tense, overworked
client you may suggest that s/he tries to reduce her/his workload, that s/he
makes time to rest, takes a relaxing bath and goes to bed early.
You may also teach relaxation techniques and advise her/him to practice
these at home. Those with poor posture can be taught corrective exercises.
Deep breathing exercises are helpful to everyone as they increase the intake of
oxygen and the elimination of carbon dioxide. These techniques are explained
in the following text

❖ Diet ❖
Advice to clients
It is important that clients are made aware of the factors that are
thought to contribute to the build-up of fat and cellulite. They should be
encouraged to follow a self-help, daily regime that will increase the efficiency
of the treatment.
DRAFT
The following home advice should be given:
A. Eat a well-balanced diet:

Include all the nutrients necessary for health such as:
- a little fat
- proteins
- carbohydrates
- vitamins
- minerals
- water and fiber
- eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables (5 portions/
day are recommended)
- do not overcook vegetables
- eat oily fish such as herring, trout, mackerel and
salmon/
- eat whole meal foods such as whole meal bread,
pasta, rice, cereals, pulses, beans, nuts and
seeds
- reduce intake of saturated fat found in butter, dairy
products and red meat
- reduce intake of sugar and salt
- reduce intake of alcohol – 7 to 14 units per week only
- drink around 3 liters of water per day
183
B. Relaxation
Relaxation means being free from tension and anxiety, which are
normally caused by the stresses of life, which upset the body balance. It is
impossible to remove all the stressors in life and a certain amount of stress is
desirable as it can produce feelings of thrill and excitement. The ability to relax
is extremely important as it combats stress and reduces its harmful effects such
as fatigue, lethargy, illness and psychological problems.
Clients who lead very busy lives or are coping with worries or dealing
with unhappy situations may find it very difficult to relax. Advising them and
showing them ways of reducing stress and promoting relaxation can form
an important part of treatment. Once they have recognized the difference
between the tense state and the relaxed state they can continue to practice at
home.
C. Preparation
The first consideration is to prepare the room or cubicle and create the
right conditions to promote the relaxation response. These will be the same
conditions required as those for massage treatment, namely:
➛ a warm, well-ventilated area
➛ a quiet area, away from distracting noise
DRAFT
➛ low and diffused lighting
➛ a spotlessly clean environment
➛ soothing décor in pastel colours
➛ a comfortable couch or mattress on the floor
➛ clean linen and towels for every client; these to be boil-
washed after each use
➛ light blankets for additional warmth
➛ very soft, slow-moving music may be played if the client
dislikes absolute quiet.
D. Relaxation Techniques
There are many techniques that may be used to encourage the client to
relax. They may be combined for maximum effect.
The relaxation response involves the client’s response to a quiet soothing

environment: total concentration on a particular object while trying to let go of
all tension. This is sometimes sufficient to promote the relaxed state and can
be practiced anywhere.
Visualization or imagining involves visualizing pleasantly soothing

situations conducive to relaxation, e.g. lying on a beach, looking at a tranquil
scene etc.

184
Progressive relaxation aims to develop an awareness of the difference between
feelings of tension and relaxation. Contraction followed by relaxation of all the
muscle groups is performed, working around the body. This is a very effective
method of promoting relaxation.
Progressive Relaxation Technique
The client should lie on a mattress and be fully supported. The
client may choose to lie on the back, in the recovery position or half lying if the
client has difficulty in lying flat. The client must be well supported using plenty
of pillows under the head, knees or as required. Allow the client a short time
to settle and let go of tension. During this time encourage her/him to breathe
deeply and let go as s/he breathes out.
The technique is then practiced as follows, beginning with the feet and
repeating each movement three times:
• Pull the feet up hard (dorsi-flexion), and let go
• Push the feet down hard (plantar flexion), and let go
• Push the knees down hard against the floor, and let go
• Push the leg down hard against the floor, and let go
• Tighten the buttock muscles hard, and let go
• Pull the abdominal muscles in hard, and let go
DRAFT
Massage and Holistic Aftercare
After any massage, spa or holistic treatment, please follow our

aftercare advice.
• Try to rest and relax for the remainder of the day, if not, for a few hours
at least.
• You may feel relaxed and sleepy after your treatment. Take care if you
are driving or working.
• Keep warm as massage and relaxation treatments can make you feel
more sensitive to the cold.
• Drink plenty of water after your treatment to rehydrate your body, reduce
fatigue and to help eliminate toxins from your body.
• Avoid alcohol and minimize tea and coffee, try to stick with water and/
or herbal teas.
• Try to avoid eating a heavy meal, eat light for the rest of the day to
allow your body to concentrate on the natural healing and encourage
detoxification.
185
Hot Stone Massage & Body Massage Aftercare
You may feel a little light headed

Drink plenty of water to hydrate & flush toxins
Eat light, easy to digest meals
Drink herbal teas or fresh juice
Avoid alcohol, caffeine and cola
Avoid heat and direct sunlight
Take time out for relaxation
Reschedule for 4-6 weeks time
Once Leaving the Salon
• Try to relax and take it easy for the rest of the day – if you can and feel
the need to, nap.
• Drink plenty of water for 24 hours after your massage as your lymph
nodes, which have been stimulated, are removing toxins from the body. Your
urine might be much darker than usual – this is due to the toxins leaving your
body
DRAFT
• Avoid heat treatments (hot baths / showers, body wraps, saunas,
sunbeds) for 24 hours.
• Avoid alcohol, smoking, caffeine and fizzy drinks as they can dehydrate
your body and add more toxins to your body. This would reverse the effects
of the massage, since the massage is in-turn aiding the body in removing the
accumulation of toxins.
• Avoid eating a heavy and especially spicy meal so your body can focus
on natural healing and detoxifying itself.
• Healing Reactions’ may take place after your massage and are
completely normal-showing that the massage is working well and your body is
responding to the treatment. Indications of this may result in the following:
• Fatigued or tired (although this could be a sign of deep relaxation,
especially if you are usually always on the go)
• Increased sweating, thirst or urination
• Irritable or energised
• Heightened emotions (low or high)
• Runny, stuffy or blocked nose
• ound sleeping and vivid dreams
186
Maintaining your Results
Massages are recommended often, especially due to the fast-paced and

stressful lives that we are living. To maintain the results, you can try the
following:
• Take a warm bath once a week – this will help to loosen up your
muscles.
• Relax and distress – listen to music, burn some essential oils, etc.
• Find time to exercise (especially strength training) and stretch (yoga is
excellent).
• Exfoliate and moisturize your body regularly.
• Stand up and walk around and stretch – especially if sitting a long time
at a desk and / or on the computer.
• Throughout the day, massage your shoulders, and other areas that feel
stiff.
• Sit in a correct position and you might want to raise your legs a bit.
Popularity: 2% [?]
- See more at: http://myskinandco.com/before-and-after-care-advice-for-the-

massage-client#sthash.rbSJHfG6.dpuf

DRAFT Rebooking a Client
Rebooking a client to create a relationship is the key to a successful

practice.
To do this, I allow an extra 30 minutes per client. We name goals,

notechanges since the last session, and become clear what brought the client
into my studio each visit. Having all of this information prior to working allows
me to check in with progress, determine my course of action, and follow up.
From there, I am able to create future goals that complement the client’s goal
that session. For example, if my client came in with sciatic pain, I can discuss
the importance of growing support for the pelvis through other areas of the
body, as well as explaining the relationships of the participating muscles. By
outlining what we might accomplish by addressing those areas, the client
knows I am interested in her personal wellness. People seeking relief in
the body do so because they are in need of change. When I suggest my
strategy of change for the client, the client often returns (Heather Corwin.
Altadena, California).
187
Strategies Used in Rebooking Clients
1. Making them feel welcome and at home with a friendly “Hello, so
good to see you” as they arrived, as well as “I really appreciate you
being here,” as they were leaving.
2. Asking them to set future appointments before leaving the office.

(Always assuming they wanted to return).
3. Providing effective, quality massage therapy sessions.
4. Timely service, including not shorting their time (an hour in my office
meant 60 or more minutes).
5. Being diplomatic.
6. Fresh, clean linens and lotions.
7. Letting clients know we really cared about them.
DRAFT
8. Keeping talk to a minimum; learning to listen.
9. A refreshing, warm, cheerful atmosphere
10. Reasonable fees.
188
DRAFT
189
Wellness Massage Tools and Equipment
Tools and Equipment Illustrations Descriptions
electric foot massager
massage sticks
Shiatsu foot warmer

DRAFT
single thumb servers
massage
Spiky Massage Balls
190
Hydro-therapy foot
massager
Neck & Shoulder

Massager
Deep-kneading Shiatsu
massager
Bon Vital massage Bon vital uses science

lotion, crèmes, gels and innovation to create
DRAFT
and oils products that are not only
wellness for the skin,
but also good for the
environment, ensuring a
better world for all of us to
TouchPointe live in. Stop by to get your
Centre, (distributor) massage supplies and
save yourself the shipping
charges. If we do not
have what you are looking
for from Bon Vital we are
delighted to order it for you
skin treatments
Pharmagel offers a new
generation of specialized
skin treatments that are
191
customizable based
on your skin type.
Using a formulation
of pharmaceutical
grade ingredients, a
special collection of
natural herbs, vitamins,
and botanicals
Phamagel products are
remarkably effective
and have immediate
and lasting results.
WELLNESS MASSAGE PRODUCT SUPPLIES
Massage soothes the body and soul. You can intensify these effects
by choosing the right massage product. Different skin types require different
media.
MASSAGE
LOTIONS
DRAFT Paraffin – better than its reputation
massage lotions are based on
pharmaceutical white oil, also
called liquid paraffin. It does not
penetrate the skin and ensures
long lasting gliding effects and
optimal conditions during massage,
while guaranteeing the best skin
Massage Lotion Urea for

extremely dry skin and problem
WELLNESS skin Massage Lotion Alkaline to
MASSAGE support the acid-alkali balance
Massage Lotion Q 10, which also
LOTIONS
prevents premature skin aging
and oxidative stress. In this way,
every massage becomes a feel-
good experience.
192
DRAFT
http://schupp.eu/en/Produkte/Physiotherapie/
PraeparateFuerPhysikalischeTherapie/Massagemittel.php
193
DRAFT
194
How to Promote Additional Products or Services to Clients
The backbone of any successful business is customer service and

meeting clients’ needs and expectations in terms of both product use and
beauty therapy services. Keeping the client informed about all the possible
treatments and products available within your salon is vitally important. Not
only is it enlightening for the client, allowing her to make informed choices, but
it is also essential if your business is to survive in a very competitive market.

Good Communication to introduce products and services

Spotting opportunities for offering clients additional products or services
is easy if you are receptive and have your ears and eyes open. Very often they
will ask. Either they have heard about a treatment from another client, or they
see something going on that they want to know more about. A special day or
occasion will trigger extra interest.
If the client does not ask directly, it could be she is shy about asking, or
does not know you offer a certain treatment. Tell her all about it – and use the
current treatment to start the discussion. The consultation always provides a
good opening to talk through alternative options to the client’s normal treatments,
DRAFT
.
2. Giving accurate information

Do try to be as accurate as you can when giving information. Not only is
your professional reputation at stake, but you also have a legal obligation not
to give any false or misleading information to the client. As a consumer, your
client has legal rights to protect her, and you, or your salon, will be liable for
prosecution if found to be in breach of the law. Not only that, you will lose your
clients very quickly if they have no faith in the information you are giving them,
and if the products you recommend are unsuitable for their needs.
3. Salon and legal requirements

Underpinning all the product knowledge and treatment skills you have to
pass onto your clients are the legal aspects of promotion, selling and client and
consumer rights.
195
4. Timing your discussion
It is important to give the client the time to ask questions, so choose
an appropriate moment to discuss her queries. During a treatment is fine if it
is one where you can maintain a conversation and have lots of eye contact. A
manicure, pedicure or waxing is ideal for this, as the client is awake, upright and
alert. Talking during a facial will detract from the quality of the treatment and all
relaxation properties will be lost. Do not pick moments when the client is
distracted, i.e. when she is trying to get dressed or pay for her treatment. Where
possible, keep the question and answer session quiet and confidential –
not everyone in the salon should hear about her future bikini wax! It
is important to hold the client’s attention and focus entirely on her questions.
This will give her the confidence of knowing that your suggestions really are
in her best interests.
 Provide post-advice and post-services to clients

- Identify products and services and their benefits and comparative advantage*
- Explain, maintain and convey products and services to clients and other staff
members*
- Apply comparisons on competitors’ products and services*
- Recommend specialized products and services*
DRAFT
- Monitor client according to workplace policies and procedures*
- Perform aftercare services in accordance with client’s wellness program,
workplace policies and procedures *
- Administer service
Once Leaving the Salon
• Try to relax and take it easy for the rest of the day – if you can and feel
the need to, nap.
• Drink plenty of water for 24 hours after your massage as your lymph
nodes, which have been stimulated, are removing toxins from the body.
Your urine might be much darker than usual – this is due to the toxins
leaving your body.
• Avoid heat treatments (hot baths / showers, body wraps, saunas, sun
beds) for 24 hours.
• Avoid alcohol, smoking, caffeine and fizzy drinks as they can dehydrate
your body and add more toxins to your body. This would reverse the
effects of the massage, since the massage is in-turn aiding the body
in removing the accumulation of toxins. Avoid eating a heavy and
especially spicy meal so your body can focus on natural healing and
detoxifying itself.
196
• ‘Healing Reactions’ may take place after your massage and are
completely normal-showing that the massage is working well and your
body is responding to the treatment. Indications of this may result in
the following:
 Fatigued or tired (although this could be a sign of deep relaxation,
especially if you are usually always on the go)
 Increased sweating, thirst or urination
 Irritable or energised
 Heightened emotions (low or high)
 Runny, stuffy or blocked nose
 Sound sleeping and vivid dreams
Maintaining your Results

Massages are recommended often, especially due to the fast-paced
and stressful lives that we are living. To maintain the results, you can try the
following:
• Take a warm bath once a week – this will help to loosen up your muscles.
• Relax and distress – listen to music, burn some essential oils, etc.
• Find time to exercise (especially strength training) and stretch (yoga is
excellent).
DRAFT
• Exfoliate and moisturize your body regularly.
• Stand up and walk around and stretch – especially if sitting a long time at a
desk and / or on the computer.
• Throughout the day, massage your shoulders, and other areas that feel stiff.
• Sit in a correct position and you might want to raise your legs a bit.
Activity. Salon Planning

Direction: Plan a spa salon as your own business. Be able to illustrate all
the necessary requirement and be ready for advertisement.
Make use of this sample format.
______________________
Name of Business (should be unique , not existing)
_______________________
Type of Business (Sole/ Partnership/ Corporate)
List down the services to be offered and its corresponding fee.

Services Amount
____________________ ________
____________________ ________
____________________ ________
____________________ ________
____________________ ________
____________________ ________
• Note: Try to make your plan convincing and appealing
• You may also consider giving discounts for a certain period
197
Post Test 4
Multiple Choice: Read the statement carefully. Choose the best answer and
write it in your answer sheets.
1. The ______helps eliminate the toxins from the body.
a. juice b. tea c. water d. wine, helps eliminate the
toxins from the body.
2. A person must maintain a ______
a light healthy meal
b heavy healthy meal
c more vegetables
d juicy fruits
3. If possible avoid __________ before performing aftercare services.

a. alcohol
b. exercise
c. too much eating
d. drinking plenty of water for about 24 hours

a. startle
DRAFT
4. After treatment has been given to a client, he/she feels
b. creepy c. canny
a. aching/soreness of muscles,
b. tiredness,
d. relaxed

c. heightened emotional state

d. dizzy
6. The backbone of any successful business is customer service and meeting

clients’ needs and expectations in terms of
a. both product use and beauty therapy services
b. products services
c. beauty therapy services
d. supplies
7. In preparation of a room to be used in services, which is more appropriate?

a. warm, well-ventilated area
b. a quiet area, away from distracting noise
c. low and diffused lighting
d. a spotlessly clean environment
198
8. What is the best after care products to be advised to clients?
a. Pre-blended aromatic plant oils
b. Exfoliates
c. Herbal teas and beverages
d. Mud/clays
9. .It helps to increase the intake of oxygen and the elimination of carbon
dioxide
a. Deep breathing exercises
b. Weights
c. Dancing .
d. travelling are helpful to everyone as they
10. One of the after care services given to client is,
a. eatingt a light healthy meal
b. taking variety of soups
c. eating more fruits
DRAFT
d. drinking litres of water so the body can concentrate on healing.
II. TRUE or FALSE.

Direction: Read and analyze carefully the statements. Write the word TRUE
if it is correct and FALSE if it is wrong. Write your answers in your quiz
notebook.
_______1. Making the clients feel welcome and at home with a friendly “Hello
is a nice gesture or strategy used in rebooking clients
to bed early
and body oils.
199
______ 8. Home care advice is very beneficial for the client, as it involves
condition.
II. IDENTIFICATION: Write your answer on the space provided each number.
_____________1. It means being free from tension and anxiety.

_____________2. It involves visualizing pleasantly, suiting situations.
_____________3. It allows the client short time to settle and let go of tension.
_____________4. It is a technique used which means pull the feet up hard
and let go.
_____________5.It is a term used to push the feet down hard and let go.
III. Classify the following massage product if supplies , tools and

equipment. Write A if supplies and B if tools and equipment
_______1. massage oil
______ 2. shiatsu foot warmer
DRAFT
______ 3. food supplement
______4. neck and shoulder massager
______5. massage cream
SUMMATIVE TEST
I.TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if false.

_______3. Home care advice is very beneficial for the client, as it involves
condition.
and body oils.
to bed early.
200
_______10. Making the clients feel welcome and at home with a friendly
“Hello is a nice gesture or strategy used in rebooking clients.
I. Multiple Choice. Read each questions carefully. Encircle the letter

of your choice.

a. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage
b. Pampering
c. Sports Massage
d. Relaxation/stress/ stress reduction.
2. Modern massage techniques have evolved mainly from a

system developed by a Swedish physiologist called Per Henrik Ling
DRAFT
(1776– 1839). He developed a system of passive and active exercises
known as ‘Swedish Remedial Gymnastics’ and also a system of
massage movements. Ling used the terms, except one (1)
a. ‘effleurage’,
b. ‘petrissage’,
c. ‘vibration’,
d ‘ventilation
3. These details will indicate whether massage will be helpful to this client
and will influence the type of massage to be given,
a. Past Personal Information
b. Past Medical History
c. Present Medical History
d. Present Personal Information
4. This refers to the type of massage treatment that might be found in some
a. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage
b. Pampering
c. Sports Massage
d. Relaxation/stress/ stress reduction
201
5. As early as 3000 BC, the
a. Chinese
b. Japanese
c. Vietnamese
d. Swedish
practiced massage to cure ailments and improve general health
6. Around 500 BC the Greek physician

a. Herodicus
b. Abacus
c. Hepartacus
d. Eherodicus used massage with oils and herbs to treat medical
conditions and diseases.
7. This is the most widely used form of massage used for relaxation.
a. body massage
b. stone massage
c. sports massage
d. pregnancy massage
DRAFT
8. It is defines as simply the exchange of messages by human beings,
a. Communication Process b. Communication Standards
c. Communication Problem d. miscommunication
9. As the communication process continues, it becomes a

communication
A. cycle B. stroke C.routine D. requirement
10. It is often said that human communication consist of
A. 93% body language while only 7% of communication consists of

words themselves.
B. 95% body language while only 5% of communication consists of

words themselves

C. 90% body language while only 10% of communication consists of
words themselves

D. 80% body language while only 20% of communication consists of
words themselves
202
11. For the consultation the client should be seated comfortably, with the
A. doctor B. dentist C. specialist D. therapist
positioned along side or opposite. The environment should feel warm
and private.
12. Do not make false claims for treatments, but explain the benefits
A. fairly B. reasonably
C. practically D. realistically.
Be honest when advertising.
13. Before picking up the receiver, _______ or activity such as eating

chewing gum, typing etc. that may be heard by the calling party.
A. continue B. halt
C. discontinue D. disregard any other conversation
14. The hand is placed over the area and vibrated either up and down or
from side to side. The action produces vibrations in the underlying
tissue.
DRAFT
15. This massage strokes apply pressure to the tissues.
a. Vibration b. Knead c. beating d. Petrissage
16. Massage strokes that skims the surface of the tissues.

a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. beating d. Petrissage
17.This manipulation lifts the muscle away from the bone and moves it
18. Massage strokes where the hands strike the tissues.

a. Vibration b. Effleurage c. Taponement d. Petrissage
19. _____ helps eliminate the toxins from the body.

a) juice b) tea c) water d) wine
203
21. . Eat _____so the body can concentrate on healing
a) light healthy meal c) more vegetables
b) heavy healthy meal d) juicy fruits
22. If possible avoid ____________ water for about 24 hours before

performing aftercare services.
a) alcohol b)exercise c) too much eating d) drinking plenty of 22.
23. After treatment you will usually feel

a) startle b) creepy c) canny d) relaxed

a) aching/soreness of muscles, c) heightened emotional state
b) tiredness, d) dizzy
25. Massage was introduced and found in the _______________.

a. harbor b. caves c. mountains d. forest
26. Safest substance found in spa salon


DRAFT
27. In the %’s methodology Seiketsu is the Japanese term for
a. standardize
b. self-discipline
c. seiri - sort
d. sweep
28. The translated English word for seiri is ________.

a. sort b. sweep c. self-discipline d. systematize
29. This can be done as an introduction to massage for clients who may not
come in for an office massage, or can be a continuing form of stress-
reduction therapy when done on a regular basis, as in the office setting
a. Chair Massage
b. Pampering
c. Chiropractic adjunct
d. Relaxation/stress/ stress reduction
204
a. mass
b. mass’h
c. masser
d. massege
31. This details will enable you to contact the client quickly should you
need to cancel or change an appointment or for any other reason.
a. personal details
b. doctors record
c. physical records
d. school records
III. Fill in the blanks. Choose your answer from the box and write it in the
space provided.
32._______ is the chance, great or small that someone will e harmed by the
hazard.
33._______ is technique of using a large towel or sheet to keep you covered
DRAFT
while you’re getting a massage.
34.An ______ is a region of the body in which nerves arteries, or vein lay close
to the body’s surface.
35.The time to gather and exchange information with the client is called
________________.
36.__________refers to standards and conducts of behaviour of an individual

or professional group.
37.__________refers to the type of massage treatment that might be found in

some spa and hair salons.
38.Massage is thought to increase _____ which is desirable in many conditions
39._________ is the name of a workplace organization method that uses a list

of five Japanese words.
40.To gain the _____ of clients and establish an excellent reputation,

41. A customer first impression of your practice is formed during their first ____
of contact over the phone or in person.
205
draping endangerment site risk ethics pampering
blood flow 5’s methodology consultation confidence
interpersonal communication
SYNTHESIS
One of the roles of teachers is to recognize in developing health behaviours of

learners. We certainly know that much of the health habits later in life can be
traced back to the things that children learned in school.
This module aims to assist teachers and prepare learners in focusing on certain
topics relevant in their health being. This is organized in four Lessons showing
the holistic concept of wellness massage which include the following:
Planning a wellness massage program give emphasis on the history of massage

which are visible nowadays. How these massage discoveries came and plays
DRAFT
a very relevant practices in the modern world has to do with the information,
understanding and the skills required has to do with its effectiveness.
In providing pre-service to wellness massage has to do with how behavior is

being promoted which is very essential how an individual live a healthy life and
promote quality of life both the clients and the therapist. As what we believe,
wellness is more than an absence of diseases. These services one can give to
the family and community as a whole will build a healthy being. The application
of the different techniques in massage is a challenge that everyone should
experience.
The surroundings that directly affect health and safety to clients should also be
considered. Part of this module also elaborates on the massage techniques
and some Health Acts for the therapist to understand and practice, so with the
careful techniques to be applied to clients is the most important.
And in performing after care services, care should be done. Giving advices
with what to be and how it should be maintained is another concern of both the
therapist and clients.
206
Glossary:
Communication Process is simply the exchange of messages by human
beings. It is the transmission of ideas from the sender to the receiver through
channels. Communication is not complete if there is no feedback or response
from the receiver back to the sender.
Consultation- is a very important part of the treatment – sufficient time must
be allowed so that it is not rushed. This is the time to gather and exchange
information.
Ethics refers to the standards and conduct of behavior of an individual or
professional group.
Hazard – means anything that can cause harm.
Hearing refers to the sounds that you hear, whereas listening requires more
than that: it requires focus. It means being aware of both verbal and non-
verbal messages.
Hygiene requirements the hygiene standards specified by an organisation or

laid down by law
DRAFT
Information Overload. surrounded with a pool of information.
Interpersonal Communication is the exchange of feelings and attitude in

the communication process
Listening is the ability to accurately receive and interpret messages in the

communication process. Listening is key to all effective communication,
without the ability to listen effectively messages are easily misunderstood
communication breaks down and the sender of the message can easily
become frustrated or irritated.
Massage – the application of touch by one person to another, using manual

techniques of rubbing, stroking, kneading or compression, when done to
produce relaxation, pain relief, injury, rehabilitation, athletic preparedness or a
career at your fingertips)
Massage Therapists – A massage practitioner who has received

training in the theory and practice of massage, and is competent to use
massage as a means if promoting pain relief, injury rehabilitation or health
improvement. ( Massage a career at your fingertips)
207
Personal details includes the basic information. These details will enable
you to contact the client quickly should you need to cancel or change an
appointment or for any other reason. They will also enable you to seek
advice from his/her doctor should this be necessary. Essential oils - Volatile
plant oils extracted from certain aromatic plants that have both physiological
and psychological effects on the human body.
Policies – set of basic principles and associated guidelines, formulated

and enforced by the governing body of an organization, to direct and limit its
action in pursuit of long term – goals.
Procedures – A fixed, step-by-step sequence of activities or course of

action (with definite start and end points) that must be followed in the
same order to correctly perform a task.
Risk – is the chance, great or small, that someone will be harmed by the
hazard.
Safety – the state of being safe; freedom from the occurrence or risk of
injury, danger, or loss
DRAFT
Bibliography
Books:
• Williams, Anne, 2007, Spa Body Work A Guide for Massage
Therapists,
• Mo, Rosser , 2004 , Body Massage Therapy Basics (2nd Edition),
Anatomy, Physiology and First Aid
• Borg, John. Body Language; 7 Essay Lessons to Master/Silent
Language, Prentice hall Life, 2008
• Communication with Clients – Wendy S. Mayers, (Step-by-Step, Guide
to Diagnosis and Treatment) 2014, Educational Concept
• Lifestyle wellness Coaching (2nd edition), James Gavin and Madelein
Mcbrearty, copyright 2013
• Wellness Services – Evidence Based Review and Examples) Good
Practice, Final Report, Lyn Winter Armatage, Stanfield et al, Observatory Report
Series No. 76, Published 2010.
• Williams, Anne E. , Spa Bodyworks, Guide for Massage Therapist, 2015
• Rosser, Mo, Body Massage Therapy Basics, Second Edition 2004
Roseberry, Monica, The Body Shop Massage, 2005
• Ashley, Martin, Massage a career at your fingertips, 3rd Edition,
208
Internet Resources:
http://spas.about.com/od/spaglossary/g/Massage-Draping.htm
http://www.skillsyourneed.com/ips/listening skill:htm (#ixzzz2ve/smnpS)
http://www.skillsyourneed.com/ips/listening skill:htm (#xzzz@ve2ATJP
http://www.apas.org.uk/index.php/complementary-therapy-service/massage-
after-care-advice/
http://www.baranduda-beauty.com.au/massage_aftercare.ph
Magazines/Newsletters/Journals
• Body Shop Business, March 2007, Newsletter
• Telephone Etiquette and Customer Service
Illustrations/ Pictures:
https://www.hartsport.com.au/products/8-091
http://www.asia.ru/en/ProductInfo/1254660.html
http://www.cccme.org.cn/products/detail-3046110.aspx
http://frank8188.en.made-inchina.com/product/sqyQLPWxHlhR/China-
Metal-Massage-Table-MT-002-.html
DRAFT
http://cowboyfitzone.com/some-many-kinds-of-bedroom-antique-chairs/
images-of-lounge-chairs-for-bedrooms-with-reclaimed-wood-bedroom-
furniture/
http://www.dovemill.co.uk/luxury_500gsm_latte_cotton_4_piece_bath_
towel_sets
http://www.rightway.com.my/index.php?route=product/
category&path=147
http://www.ebay.com/itm/NWT-Mens-Nautica-Sz-Small-100-Cotton-Navy-
Blue-Tropical-Print-Boxer-Underwear-/251461293121?pt=US_CSA_MC_
Underwear&hash=item3a8c42d441
http://bumpyboo.com/best-lotions-for-acne-prone-skin/
http://www.holistic-guide.com/massage-oils/
http://www.amazon.com/Optimum-Copper-Tub-
Ionic-Detox/dp/B002TKPRXE/ref=pd_sim_sbs_
hi_4?ie=UTF8&refRID=0X8PQCT6VRJZPJ2RPESH
http://frank8188.en.made-in-china.com/product/abFmeGXPbHhl/China-
Massage-Cushion-Face-Pillow-Special-Design-for-Woman.html
http://angelskiss777.blogspot.com/2013/02/kates-magik-review-
massage-body-oils.html
http://reikimasterthailand.com/images/12-meridians.jpg
(http://teachmeanatomy.info/upper-limb/areas/axilla/+
209
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2jTIIFhFi-o
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iunPc0IJsCU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XL8t7FRnbU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rK4Z72CCog4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DN_mz6FbJbg
http://www.massagenerd.com/endangerment_sites_massage.php
http://www.missouristate.edu/recreation/Wellness/169420.htm
http://karmajello.com/postcont/2013/06/Reflexology-FOOT1.jpg
http://healthsciencedegree.info/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/acupuncture-
hand-chart.jpg
http://lifepositive.com/Body/Health/images/right-diagnosis1.jpg
http://www.familypact.org/Files/Provider/Provider%20
DRAFT
Resources/Quality%20Improvement%20Tools/2011-0927_
ClientSatisfactionQIToolandSampleSurveys_508.pdf
http://www.ohgizmo.com/2009/12/21/osim-ucrown-2-enables-your-crazy-head-
massage-
210
DRAFT
211
DRAFT
212

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K to 12 Basic Education Program

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) is one of the nomenclature in

The learner demonstrates The learner independently

1. Discuss the relevance of the course.

2. Explain the basic concepts in wellness massage.

3. Strengthen ones PECs to undertake the course on wellness

5. Select a business idea based on the criteria and techniques set

6. Develop a product/service in Wellness Massage.

Lesson 2 provides pre-service to wellness massage. This also concentrates on

The application of wellness massage techniques are being discussed in Lesson

Providing post-advises and services to clients are given attention in

This module is self-instructional in nature. This is presented into different

How to Use the Module

2. Each module has a sequence of activities. It contains integrative and relevant

3. For every lesson / learning outcomes an enhancement activity followed to help

Provide an honest answer on each item below.

My goals at the end of this module are…

1. Some massage therapists focus on the shifts in awareness and

A. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage

2. Modern massage techniques have evolved mainly from a system

A. Past Personal Information

A. Transformational or psychotherapeutic massage

5. As early as 3000 BC, the _____nationalities practiced massage to cure ailments

8. Implies exchange of messages by human being.

10. Human communication consist of

A. 93% body language while only 7% of communication consists

13. Before picking up a phone you should discontinue to ______.

A. light healthy meal

22. After treatment you will usually feel

24. A word which means anything that can cause harm.

25. Safest substance found in spa salon

27. The translated English word for seiri is ________.

II. TRUE or FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if false.

_______31. Drink plenty of water to hydrate & flush toxins.

_______34. Immediate bathing should be avoided, at least 6 hrs. after the

draping endangerment site risk ethics pampering

blood flow 5’s methodology consultation confidence

Content Standards Performance Standards

The learner demonstrates The learner independently creates a plan

Entrepreneurs are agent of economic change; they organize, manage and

Entrepreneurship on the other hand is not just a simple business activity. It is a

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

-- Identify areas for improvement, development and growth;

Task 1: Matching Type

Direction: Match the entrepreneurial competencies in column A with their

Task 2: Guide Questions

After reading and understanding the objectives of this module and

Goals and Learning Ultimate

Figure 1: Strategic process to achieve the objectives of this module

READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

Direction: Answer the following guide questions on a separate sheet of

1. Explain the importance of assessing one’s PECs before engaging in a

4. Why is there a need to assess one’s PECs in terms of characteristics,

5. What is the significance of evaluating PECs of a successful entrepreneur?

Assessment of Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and

The entrepreneurial competencies refer to the important characteristics

Below are few important characteristics/traits/attributes of a good

• Hardworking: One of the important characteristics of a good

• Self-confident: Entrepreneurs have confidence in one’s ability and

• Discipline: Successful entrepreneurs always stick on the plan and

• Committed: A good entrepreneur accepts full responsibility of

• Ability to accept change: Nothing is permanent but change.

• Has the Initiative: An entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must