we will focus on two articles connecting cultural, psychological, and behavioral change through

the practice of writing two annotated bibliographies. As leaders in the twenty-first century, it is
imperative that culture and change are understood and embraced. As a doctoral student, it is
imperative that you grasp the concept of writing annotated bibliographies.

The common saying, “stand on the shoulders of previous scholars” means that all doctoral work
must be based on conceptual and /or theoretical frameworks that exist in the literature. Conceptual
frameworks are based on concepts, whereas theoretical frameworks are based on theories. Usually,
conceptual frameworks are associated with qualitative studies, and theoretical frameworks are
associated with quantitative studies. The articles that we will review this week are based on the
theoretical frameworks of Transformational Leadership and Servant Leadership.

During your educational journey, you will be reading an extensive amount of texts and journal
articles, and reading takes time. Critical reading will help you to assess the quality of the research
articles you will use during all phases of your coursework, and most importantly, for writing your
annotated bibliographies and your dissertation. You will write many annotated bibliographies
during your doctoral studies, as the annotated bibliographies will be the building blocks of your
literature review and final dissertation. Preparing an annotated bibliography is an excellent way to
take study notes as well as keep a careful record of what you read for your own future writings and
research.

Note: Annotated Bibliographies must be written after a careful reading of the article itself, and not
just the abstract. Furthermore, the Annotated Bibliography follows the same Academic Integrity
regulations as other documents, so ensure that you carefully paraphrase. The second most frequent
Academic Integrity violations are given for poorly prepared annotated bibliographies.

Review, cite, and reference the resources listed in the Books and Resources area below to prepare
for this week’s assignment (2 articles).

prepare a paper that presents an annotated bibliography for each required article. Follow these
steps to complete your assignment, along with the Guidelines presented in Skill Builder 12:

 Begin with an introduction. State the purpose of the paper and explain why writing
annotated bibliographies is an important skill.
 Prepare an annotated bibliography for each of the two articles presented in this week’s
readings. Be sure to address the required elements in each annotated bibliography. Use the
guidelines in Skill Builder 12 to organize your annotated bibliographies. Each annotated
bibliography should be presented in the hanging indent format. Note: Please use only the
two articles found in the Resources section; do not write an annotated bibliography on any
external articles..
 Finish the paper with a conclusion or summary that links to the introduction.
 Be sure to include the references page since this is a requirement for annotated
bibliographies.
Total Length: 3-4 pages, not including title and reference pages. Each annotated bibliography
should not exceed one page.
Your paper should demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts presented in the
course by providing new thoughts and insights relating directly to this topic. Your response should
reflect scholarly writing and current APA standards.