QUESTION 1.

Steel bar of uniform rectangular cross section shown in Figure Q1 has a thickness of 150 mm. Knowing that P =
50 kN, calculate the normal and shearing stresses on plane x-x

θ = 400 x
Area A0 = 65 x 150 = 9750 mm2
Normal stress;
$ +,,,, 3
P 65 mm P
𝑠 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 40, = 3.0 = 3.0 𝑀𝑃𝑎
%& -.+, 445
Shear stess: 400
$ +,,,, 3
𝜏= 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛80 = 2.5 = 2.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎 ⇐ x
)%& ())(-.+,) 445 Figure Q1

QUESTION 2
Rod A is aluminum with 100 mm diameter and E = 73 GPa. Rod B is brass tube with 150 mm outside diameter
and 100 mm inside diameter with E = 100 GPa. Rod C is steel pipe with 200 mm outside diameter and 125 mm
inside diameter with E = 210 GPa, as shown in Figure Q3. Knowing that P1 = 650 kN, P2 = 850 kN and P3 =
1500 kN, determine the total deflection of the whole rod.

P3 P2 P1
C B A

0.75 m 1.25 m 1.0 m

QUESTION 3
For the beam and loading shown in Figure Q3, determine the maximum normal stress and shear stress due to
bending on a transverse section at C.

15 kN 15 kN
10 kN/m 150 mm
C
250 mm M B
A B
C 2m
4m 2m
V
Figure Q3 Figure Q3A

Using CB as freebody (Refer Figure Q3A)

(+ ccw) ΣMC = 0; −M – 15(2) = 0; M = –30 kN-m
↑+ ΣFy = 0; V – 15 =0; V = 15 kN

Moment of inertia I for rectangle cross-section:

BCD E+,F)+,D
𝐼= = = 195.3𝑥10J 𝑚𝑚 L
E) E)

NO L,FE,Q FE)+ 3
Normal stress at C: 𝜎 = = = 19.2 = 19.2 𝑀𝑃𝑎
P E-+.LFE,Q 445

R E+FE,D 3
Shear stress at C: 𝜏 = 1.5 = 1.5𝑥 = 0.6 = 0.6 𝑀𝑃𝑎
% E+,F)+, 445



10 kN
QUESTION 4
For the beam subjected to the loading as shown in Figure Q4, 30 kN/m
a) determine the reactions at the supports.
b) draw the shear and bending moment diagrams for the beam.
Use the relationship between the load, shear, and bending moment. A C B D
4m 2m 1m

A
B
78.3 kN
a) From Figure 3
(+ ccw) ΣMA = 0; 6B – 30x4x2 – 10x7 = 0; A1
SFD
B = (30x4x2+10x7)/6 = 51.7 kN ↑ + 10 kN
A4 +
↑+ ΣFy = 0; A + 51.7 – 30x4 – 10 = 0; x = 2.61 A2 -- A3
A = 78.3 kN ↑
41.7 kN
102.2 kN-m
x/78.3 = 4/(78.3+41.7); x = 2.61m, 4 – 2.61 = 1.39 m
A1 = 0.5x78.3x2.61 = 102.2 kN-m
A2 = –0.5x41.7x1.39 = –29.0 kN-m 73.2 kN-m
A3 = –41.7x2 = –83.4 kN-m BMD
A4 = 10x1 =10 kN-m +

--
–10 kN-m

QUESTION 5
Determine the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of a particle which moves in simple harmonic
motion with an amplitude of 3 mm and a frequency of 20 Hz.

ANSWER

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Solid Mechanics - Useful Formulas

Stress Concepts

$ $ $
Normal stress, 𝜎 = Shearing stress, 𝜏 = Bearing stress, 𝜎B =
%T %∥ VW

P θ
⎛ P
$ $
Stress on oblique plane, 𝜎 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) 𝜃, 𝜏 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
%& %&

[\V]4^V _`^W [\V]4^Vb cVdbee

Factor of safety, 𝐹𝑆 = =
%\\`a^B\b _`^W %\\`a^B\b cVdbee

Stress & strain - Axial Load

g i $_
Strain, 𝜖 = Modulus of Elasticity, 𝐸 = Axial deformation, 𝛿 =
_ j %l

Thermal expansion, 𝛿m = 𝛼 Δ𝑇 𝐿

Torsion

mr
Torsional shear stress, 𝜏 =
s

Polar moment of inertia:

ur v u
Solid circular shaft, 𝐽 = Hollow circular shaft, 𝐽 = 𝑐,w − 𝑐]w
) )

m_
Angle of twist, ∅ = Power, 𝑃 = 𝑇𝜔 Angular velocity, 𝜔 = 2𝜋𝑓
sz

$
Torque, 𝑇 =
)u~

Pure Bending

NO BC D
Bending stress, 𝜎 = Rectangular section, 𝐼 =
P E)

E N
Curvature, =
• lP

Shear Stress in Thin Walled Section

R€ R
Shear stress, 𝜏 =
PV
; 𝑄 = 𝐴𝑦 For rectangular section, 𝜏 = 1.5
%

Vibration

Simple harmonic motion equation 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑘𝑥 = 0

𝑥 = 𝑥4 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙)

𝑣 = 𝑥 = 𝑥4 𝜔4 cos(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙)
)
𝑎 = 𝑣 = 𝑥 = −𝑥4 𝜔4 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜙)

Ž
Circular frequency, 𝜔 =
4

)u E )u
Period, 𝜏 = Frequency, 𝑓 = =
• • •
Maximum velocity 𝑣 = 𝑥4 𝜔 Maximum acceleration 𝑎 = 𝑥4 𝜔 )