INDUSTRI AMONIA

Blok Diagram Pembuatan Amonia

1|Page
 1. BLOK DIAGRAM PROSES INDUSTRI AMONIA

Udara = 3400 NM3

REFORMING
85%
Gas Bumi (CH4) = 2000 kg CH4 +H2O CO+3H2 CH4, O2, N2, H2O, CO, H2
85%
CO+H2O CO2+H2
H2O /Steam = 5000 kg 100%
CH4+2H2O CO2+4H2
100%
H2 + 1/2O2 H2O

N2, CO, CO2, H2, H2O

H2O
WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

N2, CO, CO2, H2, H2O

H2 CO2
SINTESA UNIT PURIFIKASI
CO2
100% 100
STORAGE
N2+3H 2NH3 N2 CO+H2O CO2+H2

H2O

H2,NH3, H 2O

NH3 NH3
PEMURNIAN
STORAGE

H2, H2O

2|Page
 2. Data kuantitatif
a. Basis : 2 ton NH 3 - 85% yield

H2 : 0,21 ton atau 2000 Nm 3

N2 : 0,96 ton atau 1400 Nm 3

Katalis sintetis : 0,2 Kg
Kekuatan : 850 KWH
Bahan bakar gas untuk kompresor : 3800 Kcal
Air dingin : 12 ton
b. kapasitas : 100-1500 ton per hari amonia

3. Neraca Massa Industri Amonia

3.1 Neraca Massa pada Reforming

Reforming
3
Udara = 3400 NM (O2, N2) 85%
CH4 +H2O CO +3H2
85%
Gas Bumi (CH4) = 2000 kg CO+H2O CO2 + H2 CH4, O2, N2, H2O, CO, H2
100%
CH4+2H2O CO2+4H2
H2O /Steam = 5000 kg 100%
H2 + 1/2O2 H2O

Diketahui:
2000 𝐾𝑔
 CH4 = 𝐾𝑔⁄ = 125 kmol.
16 𝐾.𝑚𝑜𝑙
5000 𝐾𝑔
 H2O = 𝐾𝑔⁄ = 277,778 kmol.
18 𝐾.𝑚𝑜𝑙

 Udara = 3400 Nm3

O2 = 21 % × 3400 Nm3 = 714 Nm3 × 103 m3 × 1 L × 22,4 =15993,6 mol
Nm3 103m3
𝐾𝑔⁄
= 15,9936 kmol × 32 𝐾𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 511,7952 kg
N2 = 79 % × 3400 Nm3 = 2686 Nm3 × 103m3 × 1L × 22,4 = 60166,4mol
Nm3 103m3
𝐾𝑔⁄
= 60,1664 kmol × 28 𝐾. 𝑚𝑜𝑙 = 1685,6592 kg
Reaksi 1

3|Page
 85
CH4 + H2O % CO + 3 H2

Mula-mula : 125 277,778 - - kmol

Bereaksi : 106,25 106,25 106,25 318,75 kmol
Sisa : 18,75 171,528 106,25 318,75 kmol
Mr : 16 18 28 2 kg/kmol
300 3087,504 2975 637,5 kg

Reaksi 2

O2 = 511,7952 kg = 15,9936 kmol CH4, O2, N2, H2O, CO, H2

REFORMING
N2 = 1685,6592 kg= 60,2021 kmol
CH4 = 300 kg = 18,75 kmol
H2O = 3087,504 kg = 171,528 kmol
CO = 2975 kg = 106,25 kmol
H2 = 637,5 kg = 318,75 kmol

85
CO + H2O % CO2 + H2
Mula-mula : 106,25 171,528 - - kmol
Bereaksi : 90,3125 90,3125 90,3125 90,3125 kmol
Sisa : 15,9375 81,2155 90,3125 90,3125 kmol
Mr : 28 18 44 2 kg/kmol
446,25 1461,879 3973,75 180,625 kg

Reaksi 3
O2 = 511,7952 kg = 15,9936 kmol O2, N2, H2O, CO, H2, CO2
N2 = 1685,6592 kg = 60,2021 kmol REFORMING
CH4 = 300 kg = 18,75 kmol
H2O = 1461,879 kg = 81,2155 kmol
CO2 = 3973,75 kg = 90,3125 kmol
CO = 446,25 kg = 15,9375 kmol
H2 = 818,125 kg = 409,0625 kmol

4|Page
 100 %
CH4 + 2 H2O CO2 + 4 H2

Mula-mula : 18,75 81,2155 - - kmol

Bereaksi : 18,75 37,5 18,75 75 kmol
Sisa : 0 43,7155 18,75 75 kmol
Mr : 16 18 44 2 kg/mol
0 786,879 825 150 kg

Reaksi 4

O2 = 511,7952 kg = 15,9936 kmol N2, H2O, CO, H2, CO2

N2 = 1685,6592 kg= 60,2021 kmol REFORMING
H2O = 786,8799 kg = 43,7155 kmol
CO2 = 4798,75 kg = 109,0625 kmol
CO = 446,25 kg = 15,9375 kmol
H2 = 968,125 kg = 484,0625 kmol

1 100 %
H2 + O2 H2O
2

Mula-mula : 484,0625 15,9936 - kmol

Bereaksi : 31,9872 15,9936 31,9872 kmol
Sisa : 452,0753 - 31,9872 kmol
Mr : 2 32 18 kg/kmol
904,1506 - 575,7696 kg

Tabel 4.1.Neraca Massa pada Reforming

5|Page
 KOMPONEN Masuk (kg) Keluar (kg) KETERANGAN
CH4 2000 - To Waste Heat
H2O 5000 1362,6486 Recovery
N2 1685,6592 1685,6592
O2 511,7952 -
CO2 - 4798,75
CO - 446,25
H2 - 904,1506
TOTAL 9197,4544 9197,45

3.2 Neraca Massa pada Waste Heat Recover

Penguapan air sebanyak 60%

N2 = 1685,6592 kg = 60,2021 kmol

CO2 = 4798,75 kg = 108,8125 kmol
CO = 446,25 kg = 15,9375 kmol
H2 = 904,1506 kg = 452,0753 kmol
H2O = 1362,6486 kg = 75,7027 kmol

H2O = 817,58916 kg WASTE HEAT RECOVERY

N2 = 1685,6592 kg = 60,2021 kmol

CO2 = 4798,75 kg = 108,8125 kmol
CO = 446,25 kg = 15,9375 kmol
H2 = 904,1506 kg = 452,0753 kmol
H2O = 545,05944 kg = 30,28108 kmol

Tabel4.2.Neraca Massa pada Waste Heat Recovery

6|Page
 KOMPONEN Masuk Keluar KETERANGAN
H2O 1362,6486 545,05944 Ke Purifikasi
817,58916 Di recycle ke
reforming
N2 1685,6592 1685,6592 Ke Purifikasi
CO2 4798,75 4798,75 Ke Purifikasi
CO 446,25 446,25 Ke Purifikasi
H2 904,1506 904,1506 Ke purifikasi
TOTAL 9197,4584 9197,4584

3.3 Neraca Massa pada Purifikasi

N2 = 1685,6592 kg = 60,2021 kmol

CO2 = 4798,75 kg = 108,8125 kmol
CO = 446,25 kg = 15,9375 kmol
H2 = 904,1506 kg = 452,0753 kmol
H2O = 545,05944 kg = 30,28108 kmol

CO, H2, H2O, N2 CO2

PURIFIKASI CO2 Storage

Reaksi
100
CO + H2 O % CO2 + H2

Mula-mula :15,9375 30,28108 - - K.mol

Bereaksi :15,9375 15,9375 15,9375 15,9375 K.mol
Sisa : 0 14,34358 15,9375 15,9375 K.mol
Mr : 28 18 44 2 Kg/kmol
0 258,18444 701,25 31,875 Kg

Tabel 4.3.NeracaMassa pada Purifikasi

7|Page
 KOMPONEN Masuk Keluar KETERANGAN
H2O 545,05944 258,18444 Ke SintesaUnit
N2 1685,6592 1685,6592 Ke SintesaUnit
CO2 4798,75 5500 Ke CO2 Storage
CO 446,25 - -
H2 904,1506 935,9381 Ke Sintesa Unit
TOTAL 8379,86924 8379,78174

3.4 Neraca Massa pada Sintesa Unit

N2 = 1685,6592 kg = 60,2021 kmol

SINTESA UNIT
H2 = 935,9381 kg = 467,9690 kmol
H2O = 258,18444 kg = 14,34358kmol
H2O
H2
NH3

Reaksi
100
N2 + 3H2 % 2NH3

Mula-mula : 60,2021 467,9690 - kmol

Bereaksi : 60,2021 180,6063 120,4042 kmol
Sisa : 0 287,3627 120,4042 kmol
Mr : 28 2 17 kg/kmol
0 574,7254 2046,8714 kg

Tabel 4.4. NeracaMassa pada SintesaUnit

8|Page
KOMPONEN Masuk (kg) Keluar (kg) KETERANGAN
H2 935,9381 574,7254
N2 1685,6592 - ke
NH3 - 2046,8714 Pemurnian
H2O 258,18444 258,18444
TOTAL 2879,78174 2879,78124

3.5 Neraca Massa pada Pemurnian

H2O = 258,18444 kg = 14,34358 kmol

NH3 = 2046,8714 kg = 120,4042 kmol
H2 = 574,7254 kg = 287,3625 kmol

H2O
NH3
H2
PEMURNIAN

Tabel 4.5. NeracaMassa pada Pemurnian

KOMPONEN Masuk Keluar KETERANGAN

H2 574,7254 574,7254 Di Recycle ke
Sintesa Unit
NH3 2046,8714 2046,8714 Ke NH3 Storage
H2O 258,18444 258,18444 Di Recycle ke
Sintesa Unit
TOTAL 2879,78124 2879,78124

3.6 Tabel Neraca Massa Total Proses Industri Amonia

9|Page
KOMPONEN Masuk (kg) Keluar (kg)
CH4 2000 -
H2O 5000 817,58916 (WHR)
258,18444
N2 1685,6592 -
O2 511,7952 0
CO2 - 5500 (CO2 storage)
CO -
H2 - 574,7254
NH3 - 2046,8714
TOTAL 9197,4544 9197,3704

10 | P a g e