Properties of Bluetooth System

Bluetooth is a short range communication technology to connect to devices using short-range

radio frequency(RF) which is intended to replace communication that uses cabling. It is used
mainly to establish wireless personal area networks (WPAN), commonly referred to as AD-
HOC or peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. This technology now a days are integrated into many
types of business and consumers devices such as mobile phones, PDA, laptops, headsets,
vehicles, printers.
This technology is globally accepted and any devices which are bluetooth enabled can
communicate with other bluetooth enabled device located in proximity to one another almost
everywhere in the world.
Bluetooth is a low cost, low power technology which provides small wireless networks. The
devices with this technology connect each other through short range, ad hoc networks known
as piconets. Every time a bluetooth enabled device enter or leave radio proximity the piconets
gets established automatically and dynamically. Also each device in the piconets offers a
simultaneous connection up to seven other devices and that piconet can also belong to several
other piconets allowing a limitless connection.
This technology also has the ability to simultaneously handle data and voice transmission
which provides users with a variety of uses such as printing, synchronization with PC and
laptops, accepting voice calls through hands-free headsets etc.
Bluetooth operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz Industrial, Scientific and
Medical (ISM) frequency band. Many technology such as IEEE 802.11 b/g WLAN standard
operate in this band. It employs frequency hoping spread spectrum (FHSS) for every
transmissions, also FHSS helps to minimize the interference and transmission errors as well
as provides a limited level of transmission security. This is done by the technology which
detects the devices under the spectrum and avoids the frequency used by the other bluetooth
enabled device. Also the communication between the devices uses 79 different radio channels
by hoping frequencies at 1 MHz interval giving a high degree of interference immunity and
allowing better transmission within the spectrum. This hoping provides greater performance
even when other technologies are being used simultaneously with bluetooth technology.

Advantages of Bluetooth Technology:

 It removes the problem of radio interference by using a technique called Speed Frequency
Hopping. This technique utilizes 79 channels of particular frequency band, with each
device accessing the channel for only 625 microseconds, i.e. the device must toggle between
transmitting and receiving data from one time slot to another. This implies the transmitters
change frequencies 1,600 times every second, meaning that more devices can make full use
of a limited slice of the radio spectrum. This ensures that the interference won’t take place
as each transmitter will be on different frequencies.
 The power consumption of the chip (consisting of transceiver) is low, at about 0.3mW,
which makes it possible for least utilization of battery life.
 It guarantees security at bit level. The authentication is controlled using a 128bit key.
 It is possible to use Bluetooth for both transferring of data and verbal communication as
Bluetooth can support data channels of up to 3 similar voice channels.
 It overcomes the constraints of line of sight and one to one communication as in other mode
of wireless communications like infrared.