Diketahui :

Tabel Pipe line / Riser Process Ratio

Parameter Unit 8” KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Design Pressure (Pd) psig 950 ( 6,2 Mpa)
Max. Operation Pressure psig 164 ( 1,13 Mpa)
Hydrotest Pressure (Hp. Pd) psig 1330 ( 9,2 Mpa)
0
Mechanical Design Temperature (Td) F 200 ( 93,3 0C)
0
Operating Temperature F 109 ( 42,78 0C)
Density of Content Kg/m3 37,32

Tabel Pipeline / Riser Properties

Parameter Unit 8” KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Outer Diameter (OD) mm 219
Material API 5L grade X52 MO or X52
PSL 2 CS
Seam Type SMLS, SAWL, ARW
SMYS Mpa 360 ( 52,2 ksi )
SMIS Mpa 460 ( 66,70 ksi )
Young Modulus (E) Mpa 2,07 X 105 ( 30022,9 )
Poison Ratio (v) 0,3
Density Kg/m3 7850
0
Coefficient of Thermal C 1,1 X 10-5
Expansion
Services 3 Phase

Tabel Subsea Pipeline Coating Properties

Parameter Unit Value

Asphalt Enamel Tchickness mm 4,0
Asphalt Enamel Density Kg/m3 1281,5
Cut back – Asphalt Enamel mm 150

Tabel Internal Corrotion Allowance

Location Internal Corrosion Allowance (mm)

All Section 3,0
Pipeline / Riser
Tabel Water Depth Area

Item Unit Value

 Minimum Water Depth (Wd Min) M 28,96
Maximum Water Depth (Wd Max) M 29,87

Tabel Tidal Data

Period
Item Unit 100
1 year year
Strom Tide / Surge m 0,152 0,244
Highest Astronomical Tide
(HAT) m 1,158

ρ sea water = 1025 kg/m3

lowest Astronomical Tide (LAT) = 0,6 (asumsi)

H max 1 years = 3 m (asumsi)

H max 100 years = 6 m (asumsi)

𝐻𝑝 . 𝑃𝑑
Hydrotest Pressure Factor (Hp) = = 1,4
𝑃𝑑

Reference elevation for Design Pressure (ELDP) = 5 m (asumsi)

Design factor (fd) pipa = 0,72

Design factor (fd) riser = 0,5

TemperatureDeratingFactor (ft) = 1

Collapse factor (fo) = 0,7

Propagating buckle design factor (fe) = 0,8

Ditanya :

Tebal minimum untuk pipeline dan riser

Dijawab :

Menghitung Pressure :

 Max water depth ( 1 years period)

D max 1 year = Wd max + HAT + surge 1 year + 2/3 (Hmax 1 year)
D max 1 year = 29,87 m + 1,158 m + 0,152 m + 2/3 (3 m) = 33.18 m
 Max water depth (100 years period)
D max 100 year = Wd max + HAT + surge 100 year + 2/3 (Hmax 100 year)
D max 100 year = 29,87 m + 1,158 m + 0,244 m + 2/3 (6 m) = 35.272 m
 Max external pressure ( 1 year period )
P01 = Dmax 1 year . ρ sea water . g
P01 =34,513 m . 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 = 0,333 MPa
 Max eksternal pressure ( 100 year period )
P0100 = Dmax 100 year . ρ sea water . g
P0100 = 35.27 m . 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 = 0,354 Mpa
 Minimal external pressure at minimum water depth
P0 min = Wd min . ρ sea water . g
P0 min = 28,96 m . 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 = 0,291 Mpa
 Minimal external pressure at maximum water depth
𝐻𝑚𝑎𝑥 100 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
P0 max = ( Wd max - ) . ρ sea water . g
2
P0 max = ( 29,87 – 6/2 )m . 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 = 0,26 Mpa
 Internal pressure during operating at maksimal water depth
Pi Wdmax = Pd + ρ sea water . g . (ELDP + Wd max)
Pi Wd max = 6,2 MPa + 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 . ( 5 m + 29,87 m )
Pi Wdmax = 6,2 MPa + 350269,15 kg/ms2
Pi Wd max = 6,55 Mpa
 Internal pressure during operating at minimum water depth
Pi Wdmin = Pd + ρ sea water . g . (ELDP + Wd min)
Pi Wd min = 6,2 MPa + 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2 . ( 5 m + 28,96 m )
Pi Wd min = 6,2 MPa + 341182,2 kg/ms2
 Pi Wd min = 6,54 Mpa
 Internal pressure differential at maximum water depth
PDi Wdmax = Pi Wd max – P0 max
PDi Wdmax = 6,55 MPa – 0,26 MPa = 6,29 Mpa
 Internal pressure differential at minimum water depth
PDi Wdmin = Pi Wd min – P0 min
PDi Wdmax = 6,54 MPa – 0,291 MPa = 6,249 Mpa
 Maximun internal pressure differential
PDi = max ( PDi Wdmax ; PDi Wd min)
PDi = 6,29 MPa
 Hydrotest pressure at maximum water depth
Pdh Wd max = P hydro + ρ sea water . g (ELDP + Wd max)
Pdh Wd max = 9,2 MPa + 1025 kg/m3 . 9,8 m/s2. ( 5 + 29,87) m
Pdh Wd max = 9,2 MPa + 350269,15 kg/ms2
Pdh Wd max = 9,55 MPa
 Hydrotest pressure at minimum water depth
Pdh Wd min = P hydro + ρ sea water . g (ELDP + Wd min)
Pdh Wd min = 9,2 MPa + 1025 kg/m3 + 9,8 m/s2 . (5 + 28,96)m
Pdh Wd min = 9,2 MPa + 341182,2 kg/ms2
Pdh Wd min = 9,54 MPa
 Hydrotest pressure differential at max water depth
PDdh Wd max = Pdh wd max – P01
PDdh Wd max = 9,55 MPa - 0,333 MPa = 9,22 MPa
 Hydrotest pressure differential at minimum water depth
PDdh Wd min = Pdh Wd min – P0 min
PDdh Wd min = 9,54 MPa - 0,291 MPa = 9,25 Mpa
 Max hydrotest pressure defferential
PDdh = max ( PDdh wd max ; PDdh wd min )
PDdh = 9,25 MPa
UNTUK PERHITUNGAN PIPA
Menghitung Pressure Containment (ASME B.314)
Pressure wall thickness for pressure containment operation (A402. 3.5, (a) 1)
𝑃𝐷𝑖 .𝑂𝐷
tcont pipa =
2 . 𝑆𝑀𝑌𝑆 . 𝑓𝑑
6,29 . 219
tcont pipa = = 2,657 mm
2 . 360 . 0,72

Hydrostatic Collapse Pressure ( API RP 1111, Sect 4.3.2.1 )

tcont pipa = 2,657 mm
Yield pressure :
𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡
Py (t cont) = 2. SMYS .
𝑂𝐷
2,657
Py (t cont) = 2. 360 . = 8,7 mm
219
Elastic critical pressure :
𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 3
( )
𝑂𝐷
Px (t cont) = 2 . E . 2
(1− 𝑣 )
2,657 3
( )
5 219
Px (t cont) = 2 . 2,07 . 10 . = 0,812
(1− 0,32 )

Collapse pressure :
𝑃𝑦(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) . 𝑃𝑥(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)
Pc (t cont) =
√𝑃𝑦(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)2 + 𝑃𝑥(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)2
8,7 . 0,812
Pc (t cont) = = 0.8
√8,72 + 0,8122

Required wall thickness collapse pressure :

t coll = √𝑃𝑐 . 𝑓𝑜 − 𝑃𝑜100

t coll = √0.8 . 0,7 − 0,354 = 0,2 mm

Propagating Buckling (API RP 1111, Sect 4.3.2.3.2 )

Propagation buckle pressure :
𝑡𝑛 2,4
Pp = 24 . SMYS . ft . ( )
𝑂𝐷
2,657 2,4
Pp = 24 . 360 . 1 . ( ) = 0,22
219
Required wall thickness :
1
𝑃𝑝
tp = ( )2,4 . OD
24 . 𝑆 . 𝑓𝑡 . 𝑓𝑝
 1
0,22
tp = ( ) 2,4 . 219 = 2,93 mm
24 . 360 . 1 . 0,8

Minimum wall thickness Required :

Minimum required wall thickness for operation :
t req = max ( t cont ) = 2,657 mm
t mill = 1 mm (other wise) API 5L, Table J.4
t const = 0,8 mm ( API STD 1104 Constructions Allowance )
Minimum required wall thickness for operating
t req operating = t req + t mill + t corr + t const
t req operating = 2,657 + 1 + 3 + 0,8 = 7,457 mm

UNTUK PERHITUNGAN RISER

Pressure Containment ( ASME B 31.4 )
Required wall thickness for pressure containment operation ( A. 402. 3.5, (a) (1) )
𝑃𝐷𝑖 . 𝑂𝐷
t cont riser =
2 . 𝑆𝑀𝑌𝑆 . 𝑓𝑑
6,29 . 219
t cont riser = = 3,83 mm
2 . 360 . 0,5

Hydro Collapse Pressure ( API RP 1111, Sect 4.3.2.1 )

t cont riser = 3,83 mm
Yield pressure :
𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡
Py (t cont) = 2 . SMYS .
𝑂𝐷
3,83
Py (t cont) = 2 . 360 . = 12,57 mm
219
Elastic critical pressure :
𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 3
( )
𝑂𝐷
Px (t cont) = 2. E .
(1− 𝑣 2 )
𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 3
( )
𝑂𝐷
Px (t cont) = 2. E .
(1− 𝑣 2 )
3,83 3
( )
5 219
Px (t cont) = 2 . 2,07 . 10 . = 2,43 mm
(1− 0,32 )

Collapse Pressure :
 𝑃𝑦(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) . 𝑃𝑥(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)
Pc (t cont) =
√𝑃𝑦(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)2 + 𝑃𝑥(𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡)2
12,57 . 2,43
Pc (t cont) = = 2,4mm
√12,572 + 2,432

Required wall thickness collapse pressure :

t coll = √𝑃𝑐 . 𝑓𝑜 − 𝑃𝑜100
t coll = √2,4 . 0,7 − 0,362 = 1,14 mm

Propagating Buckling ( API RP 1111, Sect 4.3.2.3.2 )

Propagation buckle pressure :
𝑡𝑛 2,4
Pp = 24 . SMYS . ft . ( )
𝑂𝐷
12,67 2,4
Pp = 24 . 360 . 1 . ( ) = 9,25
219
Required wall thickness :
1
𝑃𝑝
tp = ( )2,4 . OD
24 . 𝑆 . 𝑓𝑡 . 𝑓𝑝
1
9,25
tp = ( )2,4 . 219 = 13,90 mm
24 . 360 . 1 . 0,8

Minimum wall thickness Required :

t req = max ( t cont ) = 3,856 mm
t mill = 1 mm (other wise) API 5L, Table J.4
t const = 0,8 mm ( API STD 1104 Constructions Allowance )
Minimum required wall thickness for operating
t req operating = t req + t mill + t corr + t const
t req operating = 3,83 + 1 + 3 + 0,8 = 8,63 mm