ME 512

STEAM POWER PLANT

(COAL-FIRED)

GABRIEL C APOLONIO
BSME 5B
 POWERPLANT

 A power station, also referred to as a power plant or powerhouse and

sometimes generating station or generating plant, is an industrial
facility for the generation of electric power.
Most power stations contain one or more generators, a rotating machine
that converts mechanical power into electrical power. The relative motion
between a magnetic field and a conductor creates an electrical current.
The energy source harnessed to turn the generator varies widely.
Most power stations in the world burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and
natural gas to generate electricity. Cleaner sources include nuclear power,
and an increasing use of renewables such as solar, wind, wave and
hydroelectric.
Types of power plants

 Hydroelectric power plants

generate power using the force of water
to turn generators.

 Thermal power plants are split into

two different categories; those that
create electricity by burning fuel and
those that create electricity via prime
mover.
 Solar power plants derive their
energy from sunlight, which is made
accessible via photovoltaics.
Photovoltaic panels, or solar panels, are
constructed using photovoltaic cells
which are made of semiconductor
materials that release electrons when
they are warmed by the thermal energy
of the sun.

 Wind power plants also known as

wind turbines, derive their energy from
the wind by connecting a generator to
the fan blades and using the rotational
motion caused by wind to power the
generator.
 THERMAL POWER STATION

 A thermal power station is a power station in which heat energy is

converted to electric power. In most of the places in the world the turbine
is steam-driven.

 In thermal power stations, mechanical power is produced by a heat engine

that transforms thermal energy, often from combustion of a fuel, into
rotational energy. Most thermal power stations produce steam, so they
are sometimes called steam power stations. The greatest variation in the
design of thermal power stations is due to the different heat sources; fossil
fuel dominates here, although nuclear heat energy; solar heat energy,
biofuels and waste incineration are also used.
HISTORY
The initially developed reciprocating
steam engine has been used to produce
mechanical power since the 18th Century,
with notable improvements being made by
James Watt. James Watt FRS FRSE was a
Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer,
and chemist who improved on Thomas
Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen steam
engine with his Watt steam engine in 1776,
which was fundamental to the changes
brought by the Industrial Revolution in
both his native Great Britain and the rest of
the world. When the first commercially
developed central electrical power stations
were established in 1882 at Pearl Street Station in New York and Holborn
Viaduct power station in London, reciprocating steam engines were used.
The development of the steam turbine in 1884 provided larger and more
efficient machine designs for central generating stations. By 1892 the
turbine was considered a better alternative to reciprocating engines;
turbines offered higher speeds, more compact machinery, and stable speed
regulation allowing for parallel synchronous operation of generators on a
common bus. After about 1905, turbines entirely replaced reciprocating
engines in large central power stations.

The largest reciprocating engine-generator sets ever built were completed

in 1901 for the Manhattan Elevated Railway. Each of seventeen units
weighed about 500 tons and was rated 6000 kilowatts; a contemporary
turbine set of similar rating would have weighed about 20% as much.
 What is coal?
 Coal looks like a shiny black rock. Coal
has lots of energy in it. When it is
burned, coal makes heat and light
energy. The cave men used coal for
heating, and later for cooking. Burning
coal was easier because coal burned
longer than wood and, therefore, did not
have to be collected as often. People
began using coal in the 1800s to heat
their homes. Trains and ships used coal for fuel. Factories used coal to
make iron and steel. Today, we burn coal mainly to make electricity.

 Coal is a hard rock which can be burned as a solid fossil fuel. It is mostly
carbon but also contains hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen. It is a
sedimentary rock formed from peat, by the pressure of rocks laid down
later on top.

FACTS ON COAL
 Whether you realize it or not, coal is a big part of your daily life. In the
past, coal has been used to heat homes, to cook with, and even to draw
with. But what is coal?

 Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel found on the planet. Fossil fuels are
energy sources that formed millions of years ago and are considered
nonrenewable resources. They also include oil and natural gas. Coal is a
fossil fuel that was formed from once-living plants of various types.
 Coal and humankind have a long, intertwined history. The fossil fuel was
even being used by cavemen, though its first extensive use was by the
Roman Empire. Today, coal accounts for 94% of the United States' fossil
fuel energy reserve. It's found in 38 U.S. states and it's the number one
energy resource used to generate electricity globally.

Coal is a fossil fuel

 Coal was formed millions of years ago, before the dinosaurs. Back then,
much of the earth was covered by huge swamps. They were filled with
giant ferns and plants. As the plants died, they sank to the bottom of the
swamps. Over the years, thick layers of plants were covered by dirt and
water. They were packed down by the weight. After a long time, the heat
and pressure changed the plants into coal. Coal is called a fossil fuel
because it was made from plants that were once alive! Since coal comes
from plants, and plants get their energy from the sun, the energy in coal
also came from the sun. The coal we use today took millions of years to
form. We can’t make more in a short time. That is why coal is called
nonrenewable.
 Types of Coal
The four types of coal are peat, lignite, bituminous, and anthracite. Peat
is often not listed as a type of coal since the use of it as an energy source
is limited today. However, it's still a type of coal and can be used as an
energy source.

 Peat is the first step in coal formation. Peat is

composed of over 60% organic matter;
typically, ferns and vegetation found in
swamps or bogs. As a result of the high water
content of this environment, peat contains a lot
of water, which limits its heat content or the
amount of energy it contains. It's a very soft
brown coal. Eventually over time, with
increasing pressures and temperatures, peat is
'cooked' into coal's next stage, lignite.

 Lignite is a soft brown coal that still contains a

high amount of water. Lignite has a higher heat
content than peat but is still not the most desired form
of coal. However, lignite makes up almost half of our
known coal reserves.
 Bituminous coal is formed as more pressure is
applied to lignite coal. The greater the pressure
applied, the more water is expelled, which
increases the amount of pure carbon present and
increases the heat content of the coal. Bituminous
coal is often classified as sub-bituminous or
bituminous. The difference is that sub-
bituminous is the transition stage from lignite to
bituminous coal. Bituminous coal is widely used
in the United States and across Europe.

 Anthracite coal is a metamorphic rock

and is considered the highest grade coal.
It's hard and dark black in color. It has a
very light weight when compared to
other forms of coal, as there is very little
water present in anthracite. As a result,
anthracite has the highest heat content.
Anthracite is formed when bituminous
coal is subjected to great pressures, such
as those associated with the folding of
rock during the creation of mountain
ranges.
 Different Uses of Coal
o Coal is seemingly the cheapest and most essential source of energy. Here
is a list of all the major uses of coal.

 Generating Electricity
 Production of Steel
 Industries
 Gasification and Liquefaction
 Domestic Use

Generating Electricity
Coal is generally used in thermal power generation which further helps to
produce electricity. Powdered coal is burnt at high temperature which
further turns water into steam. This steam is used to turn turbines at high
speed in a strong magnetic field. After this, electricity is finally generated.

Production of Steel
In the steel industry coal is used indirectly to make steel. What happens
here is that coal is baked in furnaces to form coal coke. Once this is
formed, manufacturers use coal coke to smelt iron ore into iron and make
steel. Meanwhile, ammonia gas is usually recovered from coke ovens and
this is used to manufacture nitric acid, ammonia salts and fertilizers.
Industries
Many industries use coal to manufacture certain products. Some of the
popular industries which make use of coal are the cement industry, paper
and aluminium industry, chemical and pharma industry amongst others.
Coal provides numerous raw materials like benozle, coal tar, sulphate of
ammonia, creosote, etc. to chemical industries. Coal is mostly used as a
source of energy is most of the industries

Gasification and Liquefaction

Coal can be turned into synthetic gas which a mixture of carbon monoxide
and hydrogen. These gases are an intermediate product that can be further
converted into different products like urea, methanol, pure hydrogen and
more. Coal can also be turned into liquid known as synthetic fuels.

However, these chemicals produced from coal are used primarily to make
other products. Besides, most of the products out there in the market have
coal or coal by-products as components. Some of them include aspirins,
solvents, soap, dyes, plastics and fibres which include nylon and rayon.

Specialist Products
Coal is also an essential ingredient in the production of specialist products
such as activated carbons, carbon fibre and silicon metals.

Domestic Use
In cold regions and in developing or underdeveloped countries coal is still
used as fuel for cooking and a source of heat.
CONVERTING COAL INTO ELECTRICITY
Nine out of every 10 tons of coal mined in the United States today are
used to make electricity, and nearly half of the electricity used in this
country is coal-generated electricity. Electricity from coal is the electric
power made from the energy stored in coal. Carbon, made from ancient
plant material, gives coal most of its energy.
This energy is released when coal is burned.

We use coal-generated electricity for:

 heating,
 cooling,
 cooking,
 lighting,
 transportation,
 communication,
 farming,
 industry,
 healthcare,
 and much more!
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Coal Energy

Coal energy is a nonrenewable energy which means that this is a type of

energy that we cannot re-create. The supply of coal energy is limited and
therefore if we continue to consume too much of this, we will eventually
run out of this kind of energy.

Coal energy is used for the creation of electricity to power industrial or

manufacturing plants and even to power our appliances at home. Many
industrial plants or manufacturing plants use coal energy to generate
electricity because coal energy is an affordable source of energy.
Moreover, coal is very abundant even if it is non-renewable because it has
the largest reserve around the world.

There are many advantages and disadvantages of using coal energy to

produce electricity. Its advantages and disadvantages are the following:

Advantages of using coal to produce electricity:

 Coal energy is an affordable energy source because of the coal’s stable
price compared to other fuel sources

 Coal is easy to burn

 Coal produces high energy upon combustion

 Coal energy is inexpensive

 Coal is abundant

 Coal energy is a reliable energy source

 Disadvantages of using coal to produce electricity:

 Coal energy produces large amount of carbon dioxide which leads to

global warming and climate change.

 The burning of coal is not environmental friendly because it produces

harmful byproducts and gas emissions such as sulfur dioxide, carbon
dioxide and nitrogen oxide that causes pollution to the environment
including acid rain.

 Coal energy is nonrenewable energy source.

 Coal is fast depleting because we consume too much of it.

 Coal mining ruins the environment and puts the lives of people
specially the coal miners in danger.
 COAL-FIRED STEAM POWER PLANT

o A coal-fired power station or coal power plant is a thermal power

station which burns coal to generate electricity. Coal-fired power stations
generate over a third of the world's electricity.

o The function of the coal fired thermal power plant is to convert the energy
available in the coal to Electricity.

o Coal is burnt in to a boiler which converts water into steam. The expansion
of steam in turbine produces mechanical power which drives the
alternator coupled to the turbine.

o Coal power plants work by using several steps to convert stored energy in
coal to usable electricity that we find in our home that powers our lights,
computers, and sometimes, back into heat for our homes.
 COAL STORAGE

o Coal Storage system in Thermal Power Plants. As coal is the primary

fuel for a thermal power plant, adequate emphasis needs to be given for
its proper handling and storage. Coal can be stored either in open
stockpiles or in covered stockpiles.
Fuel storage is insurance from failure of normal operating supplies to
arrive. Storage permits some choice of the date of purchase, allowing the
purchaser to take advantage of seasonal market conditions. Storage of coal
is primarily a matter of protection against the coal strikes, failure of the
transportation system & general coal shortages.
COAL HANDLING PLANT

o The initial process in coal based

thermal power plant is coal
handling. The Function of coal
Handling Plant in thermal power
plant is to receive, process, store,
feed the coal bunkers consistently
over entire life of the power plant.
Coal is transported in thermal
power station either by railways,
roadways or rope ways.
.
 PULVERIZING PLANT

o Pulverizer or grinder is a mechanical device for the grinding of many

different types of materials. For example, a pulverizer mill is used to
pulverize coal for combustion in the steam-generating furnaces of fossil
fuel power plants.
The coal so arrived by the conveyor cannot be used the way it is, it is first
converted into powder form also known as pulverized coal. It is made to
rotate in a cylindrical tank at high speed with lots of spherical steel balls
and thus converted into powder. Pulverizing plant also has the storage for
un-pulverized coal and can store up to 30 hours of coal feed.
COAL PULVERIZER LAYOUT
AIR PREHEATER

o An air preheater (APH) is any

device designed to heat air before
another process (for example,
combustion in a boiler) with the
primary objective of increasing the
thermal efficiency of the process. They
may be used alone or to replace a
recuperative heat system or to replace
a steam coil.
BOILER
o Boiler is an enclosed
pressure vessel in which water is
converted into steam by gaining
heat from any source (coal, oil, gas
etc). Boiler in thermal power plant
accumulates the steam and build
up a pressure to expend it in
turbine and convert thermal energy
to mechanical energy.
The pulverized coal is feed into the
boiler through big fans blowing
hot air. Boiler has many tubes filled with water, in these tubes water boils
up to 1000 degree Fahrenheit and flames goes as high as 50 meters in the
boiler.
It converts the water into high pressure steam. It contains the furnace
inside or outside the boiler shell. The combustion of coal takes palace in
the furnace.
 ECONOMISER

o Economiser is there to improve the efficiency of boiler by extracting heat

from flue gases to heat water and send it to the boiler drum
The water enters the boiler through a section in the convection pass called
the economizer. From the economizer it passes to the steam drum and
from there it goes through downcomers to inlet headers at the bottom of
the water walls. From these headers the water rises through the water
walls of the furnace where some of it is turned into steam and the mixture
of water and steam then re-enters the steam drum. This process may be
driven purely by natural circulation (because the water is the downcomers
is denser than the water/steam mixture in the water walls) or assisted by
pumps. In the steam drum, the water is returned to the downcomers and
the steam is passed through a series of steam separators and dryers that
remove water droplets from the steam. The dry steam then flows into the
superheater coils.
SUPERHEATER
o Superheater is a device used to
convert saturated steam or wet steam
into superheated steam or dry steam.
Superheated steam is used in steam
turbines for electricity generation,
steam engines, and in processes such
as steam reforming. he steam passes
through drying equipment inside the
steam drum on to the superheater, a set of tubes in the furnace. Here the
steam picks up more energy from hot flue gases outside the tubing, and
its temperature is now superheated above the saturation temperature. The
superheated steam is then piped through the main steam lines to the valves
before the high-pressure turbine.
STEAM TURBINE
o Steam turbine is a device that extracts
thermal energy from pressurized steam
and uses it to do mechanical work on a
rotating output shaft.
It is the mechanical device which converts
the kinetic energy of the steam to the
mechanical energy.
High pressure steam from boiler at one
thousand degree Fahrenheit and 3500 pounds per square inch of pressure
is then feed to the steam turbine which converts its pressure energy into
mechanical energy.
 GENERATOR
o Generator uses the mechanical
energy so generated by the turbines to
generate electricity at considerably high
voltage.
When a steam turbine is connected to a
generator, it produces electricity and is
known as a steam turbine driven
generator. ... Steam turbine driven
generators are commonly used in solar thermal electric power plants, coal,
geothermal, nuclear, waste incineration plants and natural gas power
plants.
ASH HANDLING PLANT
Ash handling refers to the method of
collection,conveying, interim storage
and load out of various types
of ash residue left over from solid fuel
combustion processes. The most
common types of ash resulting from the
combustion of coal, wood and other solid
fuels.
In thermal power plants, coal is used as a fuel for generating electricity.
After burning coal, 40% of total consumption is converted into ash which
need to be properly disposed-off from the thermal power plant.
CONDENSER
o Condenser, device for reducing a
gas or vapour to a liquid. Condensers
are employed in power plants to
condense exhaust steam from turbines
and in refrigeration plants to condense
refrigerant vapours, such as ammonia
and fluorinated hydrocarbons.
Steam leaving the turbines is
condensed in a condenser, to be pumped back to the boiler. Cold water
from a water source (river) or expansion process is used to cool down the
steam into water.
 COOLING TOWER

o Cooling tower is a heat rejection device that rejects waste heat to the
atmosphere through the cooling of a water stream to a lower temperature.
Cooling towers may either use the evaporation of water to remove process
heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature or, in
the case of closed circuit dry cooling towers, rely solely on air to cool the
working fluid to near the dry-bulb air temperature.
DUST COLLECTOR
o Dust collector is a system used to
enhance the quality of air released
from industrial and commercial
processes by collecting dust and other
impurities from air or gas. Designed to
handle high-volume dust loads, a dust
collector system consists of a blower,
dust filter, a filter-cleaning system,
and a dust receptacle or dust removal
system. It is distinguished from air
purifiers, which use disposable filters
to remove dust.
 FLUE GAS STACK

o Flue-gas stack, also known as a smoke stack, chimney stack or simply

as a stack, is a type of chimney, a vertical pipe, channel or similar
structure through which combustion product gases called flue gases are
exhausted to the outside air. Flue gases are produced when coal, oil,
natural gas, wood or any other fuel is combusted in an industrial furnace,
a power plant's steam-generating boiler, or other large combustion device.
Flue gas is usually composed of carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor as
well as nitrogen and excess oxygen remaining from the intake combustion
air. It also contains a small percentage of pollutants such as particulate
matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.
 Working of Coal Power Plant

 The working of a coal power plant start with the arrival of coal from the
coal mines through trains. This coal is then taken to the pulverizing plant
for converting it into powder form. The main reason behind converting it
into powder is to increase its efficiency of burning, by increasing its
exposed surface area that would come in contact with fire in burner,
compared to solid coal.

 This coal dust is then feed to the boiler through a blower fan; thermal
energy released from this fuel is used to boil the water up to 1000 degree
Fahrenheit, thus converting it into a high pressure steam which is
transferred to the turbines. To take full advantage of pressure energy
steam is made to expand one by one in 3 consecutive turbines. These
turbines thus turn at really high rpm converting the pressure energy into
mechanical energy. This energy is used to make electricity through
generator. Due to such a high rpm the voltage output of the generator is
about 24000 volts which is further stepped up to 40,000volts to be
transferred to the nearer power grid through transmission cables.

 Furthermore to extract heat from this steam, cool water from reservoir or
river is pumped to the condenser and after heat exchange it is pumped
back to water body. The temperature of this water is kept under safe limit
so that it would not harm the aquatic life of the water body.
How Coal Power Plants Produce Electricity
The conversion from coal to electricity takes place in three stages.

Stage 1

The first conversion of energy takes place in the boiler. Coal is burnt in
the boiler furnace to produce heat. Carbon in the coal and Oxygen in the
air combine to produce Carbon Dioxide and heat.

Stage 2
The second stage is the thermodynamic process.
 The heat from combustion of the coal boils water in the boiler to
produce steam. In modern power plant, boilers produce steam at a
high pressure and temperature.
 The steam is then piped to a turbine.
 The high pressure steam impinges and expands across a number of
sets of blades in the turbine.
 The impulse and the thrust created rotates the turbine.
 The steam is then condensed and pumped back into the boiler to
repeat the cycle.

Stage 3
In the third stage, rotation of the turbine rotates the generator rotor to
produce electricity based of Faraday’s Principle of electromagnetic
induction.
 Pollution Control
o The biggest drawback of the
coal power plant is its fly ash
content and release of sulphur-
dioxide during burning of coal.
All the plants producing
electricity from coal are always
under a check of the agencies
concerned with the environment
pollution. Also there is always a
pressure on developing
countries that they should keep
their pollution level under
control.
o The fly ash in the smoke is removed by a mechanical process where as
the sulphur-dioxide is removed by reaction with lime thus converting it
into gypsum, which can be used in agricultural fields and has many other
applications. The whole process takes place in a scrubber which is located
between the boiler and chimney. Lime and water mixture is sprayed on
the smoke coming from boiler thus minimizing the fly ash content going
in air up-to one percent and reducing sulphur-dioxide content upto 93%.
Precipitated fly ash can also be used in making concrete and other anti-
skid road materials.
o In some coal power plant nitrogen dioxide is also removed from the
smoke. To remove nitrogen-dioxide it is passed through a catalytic
convertor as in cars. Catalytic convertor consists of layers of ammonia.
When nitrogen-dioxide is passed through these layers it reacts with
ammonia and gets converted into nitrogen and water. Nitrogen is released
into atmosphere, as the air we breathe contains 71% of nitrogen content,
so it’s quite safe.
WHAT IS THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF
THERMAL POWER PLANT?

Thermal Efficiency of Thermal Power Plant is the ratio of equivalent

heat energy which is converted to mechanical energy flow to the turbine
shaft to the heat energy of coal combustion.

The thermal efficiency of thermal power plant is nearly 30%. It means,

if 1000 calories of heat energy is produced by coal combustion then only
300 calories will be flow to the turbine shaft. Maximum energy is lost by
condenser and rest of energies are lost in flue gases, ash etc.
WHAT IS OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF
THERMAL POWER PLANT?

Overall Efficiency of Thermal power plant is the ratio of equivalent

heat energy which is ultimately converted to electrical energy coming
from turbine shaft to the heat energy of coal combustion.

The overall efficiency of thermal power plant is determined by the

multiplication of the thermal efficiency of the power plant and the
efficiency of generation or electrical efficiency.

The overall efficiency of a thermal power plant is nearly 29% and it is

less than the thermal efficiency because some energy is lost by alternator.
Now some heat sharing device is used in modern super-critical-pressure
steam power plant to increase the overall efficiency and the efficiency is
reached nearly 50% using this device.
Efficiency of thermal power plant is quite low. It mainly depends upon
following three major factors:

1. Pressure

2. Temperature of the steam entering into the turbine

3. Pressure in the condenser

A huge amount of heat is lost in the condenser due to various stages of the
plant. Heat energy cannot be converted into mechanical energy without
temperature difference and according to the thermodynamics law we
know, greater the temperature difference, greater the heat energy is
converted into mechanical energy. So, thermal efficiency increases with
the increase in temperature and the pressure of steam are entering the
turbine. The thermal efficiency is also effectively increased by decreasing
the pressure in the condenser but if the pressure of the condenser is too
low (nearly 0.04kg/cm2), the plant will run at low efficiency according to
the thermodynamics law.

THE PURPOSE OF STEAM POWERPLANT

Certain thermal power stations are also designed to produce heat energy
for industrial purposes, or district heating, or desalination of water, in
addition to generating electrical power.
THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
COAL-FIRED POWERPLANT

Advantages
 It is one of the most reliable sources of energy, considering other
power plants which depends upon weather conditions like wind
power plant and hydro power plant.
 It is available in abundance, so there will not be any halt in the
production in the coming years.
 Cheaper in production cost in comparison with that of diesel power
stations.
 It is the cheapest source of energy available to produce electricity
for good economical growth of country.
 Its end products like gypsum and precipitated ash could be used in
many applications.

Disadvantages
 It pollutes the environment by releasing the harmful gases like
sulphur-dioxide and nitrogen-dioxide.
 These gases have harmful greenhouse effects, which is the most
dangerous thing, considering current environmental conditions.
 The carbon content coming out of chimney in the form of fly ash
pollutes the environment in the most adverse way.
 Coal mines make people leave their homes, as it’s not safe to live
over an area having mines underneath.
 Maintenance and operating costs are high.
 CLASSIFICATION OF STEAM POWER
PLANTS
The steam power plants may be classified as follows:

 Central stations
these stations is meant for general sale to the customers who wish to
purchase it.

 Industrial power stations or captive power stations

This type of power station is run by a manufacturing company for its
own use & its output is not available for general sale.

SELECTION OF SITE FOR STEAM POWER

STATION:
The following points should be taken into consideration while selecting
the site for a steam power station:

1. Availability of raw material 7.Availability of labour

2. Nature of land
3. Cost of Land
4. Availability of water
5. Transport facilities
6. Ash disposal Facilities
8. Size of the plant
9. Load centre
10. Public problems
11. Future extensions
INTERNATIONAL AND LOCAL
COAL-FIRED STEAM POWER
PLANT
The world’s coal power plants
Since 2000, the world has doubled its coal-fired power capacity to around
2,000 gigawatts (GW) after explosive growth in China and India. A
further 236GW is being built and 336GW is planned.

More recently, 227GW has closed due to a wave of retirements across the
EU and US. Combined with a rapid slowdown in the number of new plants
being built, this means the number of coal units operating around the
world fell for the first time in 2018, Carbon Brief analysis suggests.

Another 186GW is already set to retire by 2030 and 14 of the world’s 78

coal-powered countries plan a total phaseout.

Meanwhile, electricity generated from coal has plateaued since 2014, so

the expanding fleet is running fewer hours than ever. This erodes coal’s
bottom line, as does competition from gas and renewables.

The way coal’s next chapter unfolds is key to tackling climate change. All
unabated coal must close within a few decades if warming is to be limited
to less than 2C above pre-industrial temperatures, according to the
International Energy Agency (IEA).

To shed light on this story, Carbon Brief has mapped the past, present and
future of all the world’s coal-fired power stations. The interactive timeline
map, above, shows the plants operating in each year between 2000 and
2018, as well as the location of planned new capacity.
Rising coal capacity
Global coal capacity grew in every year between 2000 and 2018, nearly
doubling from 1,066GW to 2,024GW. As far back as 1950, coal capacity
has only ever risen – though this older data is less reliable. The rate of
growth is slowing dramatically, however, with the 20GW net increase in
2018 the smallest in several decades.

The promise of cheap electricity to fuel economic growth has driven this
expansion. Coal generates nearly 40% of the world’s electricity, close to
its highest share in decades. And there are now 78 countries using coal
power, up from 66 in 2000. Another 16 plan to join the club, notably
Egypt and the United Arab Emirates.

CO2 emissions from existing plants are enough to breach the carbon
budget for 1.5 or 2C. These limits would mean no new coal plants and
closing 20% of the fleet early, according to one recent study.

All unabated coal would have to close by 2040 to stay “well below” 2C,
according to the International Energy Agency (IEA). This would mean
closing 100GW of coal capacity every year for 20 years, or roughly one
coal unit every day until 2040. (Some pathways have slightly slower
phaseouts.)

Yet newspaper headlines and energy projections suggest coal growth will
not stop.
This bleak outlook for the climate is tempered by signs of rapid change.
The pipeline of plants under construction (pink) or proposed (purple) has
shrunk by three-fifths since 2015, as the chart below shows. Retirements
(grey) are also accelerating, reaching a cumulative 227GW between 2010
and 2018.

Global coal power capacity operating in 2010 through to 2018 (yellow) as

well as cumulative retirements (red) and capacity being built (purple) or
planned (grey). Sources: Global Coal Plant Tracker 2014-2019; World
Resources Institute Global Coal Risk Assessment 2012. Plans for 2010,
2011 and 2013 are interpolated from other years. Chart by Carbon Brief
using Highcharts. As with global CO2 emissions, however, the world’s
coal capacity has to peak before it can start to fall.
THE WORLDES BIGGEST THERMAL
POWER PLANTS
 Taichung Power Plant, Taiwan
Country Taiwan
Status Operational
Owner(s) Taipower
Thermal power station
Primary fuel Bituminous coal
Secondary fuel Natural gas
Power generation
Units operational 10 X 550 MW (coal)
4 X 70 MW (natural gas)
22 X 2 MW (wind power)
Make and model General Electric
Toshiba
Nameplate capacity 5,824 MW
7,424 MW (Planned, 2030)

 Taichung power plant in Longjing, Taichung, Taiwan, is the world’s

biggest thermal power station. It is a coal fired power station with an
installed capacity of 5,788MW owned and is operated by the state-owned
Taiwan Power Company (Taipower).
 Four more units were installed between 1996 and 1997. Two additional
550MW units were commissioned in 2005-2006 and four 72MW gas
turbines have also been added.
 The coal-fired steam turbines were supplied by GE and Toshiba, and 70%
of the coal used by the plant is sourced from Australia, United States,
South Africa and Indonesia under long-term contracts, while the
remaining is bought in the spot market.
 Taipower plans to commission two additional 800MW coal-based
generating units at the Taichung power plant by 2021.
 Shoaiba Power Plant, Saudi Arabia
Country Saudi Arabia

Commission date February 2014

Owner(s) Saudi Consolidated Electric

Company

Operator(s) Saudi Consolidated Electric

Company

Thermal power station

Primary fuel fuel oil

Combined cycle? Yes

IWPP? Yes

Power generation

Units operational 14

Nameplate capacity 5,600 MW

 Shoaiba oil-fired power facility located on the Red Sea coast, around
100km south of Jeddah in Saudi Arabia, is currently the second biggest
thermal power plant in the world. The 5,600MW power station is also the
biggest in the Middle East.
 The Shoaiba power facility is owned and operated by Saudi Electricity
Company (SEC). The power station has 14 generating units of 400MW
capacity each and was developed in three phases. Construction began in
1998 and the first phase with three generating units was commissioned in
2003. The second and third phases were completed in 2007 and 2012
respectively.
 A consortium led by ABB executed phase one, and an Alstom-led
consortium executed the next two phases on a turnkey basis. The oil for
the power plant is supplied by state-owned oil company Saudi Aramco,
while water required for the operations is supplied from a nearby water
desalination facility.
 Kashima Power Station, Japan
Country Japan
Status Operational
Commission date 1971
Owner(s) Tepco
Thermal power station
Primary fuel Fuel oil
city gas
Turbine technology Steam turbine (Units 1-
6)
Advanced combined cycle gas turbine (Units 7a-
c)
Power generation
Units operational 4 × 600 MW (suspended)
2 × 1,000 MW
3 × 420 MW
Nameplate capacity 5,660 MW
 The Kashima Power Station located on Japanese coast, about 50
miles north-east of Tokyo, is an oil and gas-fired thermal power
station with 5,204MW of installed capacity, making it the sixth
biggest thermal power plant in the world. The power station,
owned and operated by Taiwan Electric Power Company
(TEPCO), was built between 1971 and 1975.
 The power station originally consisted of two 1,000MW turbines
and four 600MW turbines supplied by Hitachi, Mitsubishi,
Toshiba and GE. The 2011 tsunami disabled four generators at
the plant; but the affected units were brought back to operation
within two months. Three 268MW gas turbines were installed
subsequently at the plant that commenced operations in 2012.
 Kashima Power Station was earlier a back-up power plant for
TEPCO and has been operating stably even after the Tsunami that
destroyed the Fukushima Nuclear power plant. The newly
installed combined cycle gas turbine units at the Kashima plant
are scheduled to begin operations in 2014.
 Guodian Beilun Power Station, China
Country China
Location Zhejiang
Stat Commission date November 1994 (1,200
MW Phase 1)
September 2000 (1,800 MW Phase 2)
June 2009 (2,000 MW Phase 3)
Owner(s) China Guodian Corporation
Thermal power station
Primary fuel Coal
Power generation
Units operational 5 × 600 MW
2 × 1,000 MW
Nameplate capacity 5,000 MWus
Operational

 Guodian Beilun power station is located in the Beilun District of Ningbo

City in Zhejiang Province, China. It is a coal-fired power plant with an
installed capacity of 5,000MW owned and operated by Guodian Zhejiang
Beilun Power Generation Company, a subsidiary of the state-owned
China Guodian Corporation.
 Guodian Beilun power station consists of five 600MW subcritical units
and two 1,000MW ultra-supercritical generating units developed in three
phases. The Phases 1 and 2 with 1,200MW and 1,800MW capacities
respectively were completed in 1996 and 2000. The Phase-3 consisting of
two 1,000MW ultra-supercritical units was started in 2006 and completed
in 2009.
 The power station’s designed annual generation capacity is about 27.5
billion kWh. The power generated is fed into the East China Power Grid
via two 500KV transmission lines.
 Surgut-2 Power Station, Russia
Country Russia
Status Operational
Owner(s) Unipro (company)
Thermal power station
Primary fuel Natural gas
Combined cycle? Yes
Power generation
Units operational 6 × 800 MW
2 × 400 MW
Nameplate capacity 5657.1 MW

 Surgut-2 power plant, also known as the Surgutskaya GRES-2, in West-

Sibiria, Russia, ranks as the third biggest thermal power plant in the
world. The gas-fired power plant has an installed capacity of
5,597.1MW and is owned and operated by the Russian power generation
company E.ON Russia.
 Surgut-2 consists of six 800MW units commissioned between 1985 and
1988, and two advanced gas-fired combined cycle units with a combined
capacity of 797.1MW commissioned in July 2011.
 The latest units added to the power station are based on GE 9FA gas
turbines and have an efficiency rate of 55.9%. Associated petroleum gas
(70%) and natural gas (30%) are used as fuels for the power generation.
 The power station generated approximately 40 billion kWh of electricity
in 2012. E.ON Russia contracted Emerson Process Management for
implementing automated process control system at the third generating
unit of the plant in September 2011.
List of coal power stations (International)
The following page lists all coal-fired power stations (including lignite-
fired) that are larger than 2,000 MW in current net capacity, which are
currently operational or under construction. If station has also non-coal-
fired blocks, only coal-fired capacity is listed.

STATION COUNTRY LOCATION CAPACITY

IN MW
AMRAVATI THERMAL India 21°01′21″N 77°49′25″E 2,700
POWER STATION
ANPARA THERMAL India 24°12′11″N 82°47′18″E 3,850
POWER STATION
ARNOT POWER STATION South 25°56′38″S 29°47′22″E 2,352
Africa
BANQIAO POWER China 31°56′52″N 118°37′49″E 2,070
STATION
BAYSWATER POWER Australia 32°23′45″S 150°56′57″E 2,640
STATION
BEIJIANG POWER China 39°13′08″N 117°55′50″E 2,000
STATION
BEŁCHATÓW POWER Poland 51°15′59″N 19°19′50″E 5,472
STATION
BELEWS CREEK POWER United 36°16′53″N 80°03′37″W 2,160
STATION States
BORYEONG POWER South 36°24′06″N 126°29′30″E 4,000
STATION Korea
BOWEN POWER United 34°07′23″N 84°55′13″W 3,202
STATION States
BOXBERG POWER Germany 51°25′7″N 14°34′6″E 2,575
STATION
BRINDISI SUD POWER Italy 2,640
STATION [IT]
CANGNAN POWER China 27°29′54″N 120°39′44″E 2,000
STATION
CAOJING POWER China 30°45′36″N 121°23′59″E 2,000
STATION
CASTLE PEAK POWER Hong Kong 22°22′32″N 113°55′12″E 4,108
STATION
CHANDRAPUR SUPER India 20°00′24″N 79°17′21″E 3,340
THERMAL POWER
STATION
CHANGSHU POWER China 31°45′25″N 120°58′31″E 3,000
STATION
CHANGZHOU POWER China 31°57′30″N 119°59′33″E 2,520
STATION
COTTAM POWER England 53°18′12″N 00°46′50″W 2,000
STATION
CUMBERLAND FOSSIL United 36°23′29″N 87°39′17″W 2,600
PLANT States
DABA POWER STATION China 37°59′02″N 105°55′41″E 2,400
DAIHAI POWER STATION China 40°31′14″N 112°40′04″E 2,400
DALATE POWER China 40°22′00″N 109°59′45″E 3,180
STATION
DANGJIN POWER South 37°03′19″N 126°30′35″E 6,040
STATION Korea
DATONG 2ND POWER China 40°01′44″N 113°17′37″E 3,720
STATION
DATONG TASHAN China 39°55′35″N 113°05′01″E 2,520
PITHEAD POWER
STATION
DEZHOU POWER China 37°27′07″N 116°14′35″E 2,700
STATION
DIANDONG POWER China 25°11′59″N 104°40′57″E 2,400
STATION
DINGXIANG POWER China 2,000
STATION
DINGZHOU POWER China 38°30′50″N 114°50′41″E 2,520
STATION
DRAX POWER STATION England 53°44′11″N 0°59′53″W 3,960
DUOLUN POWER China 42°12′59″N 116°34′24″E 2,400
STATION
DUVHA POWER STATION South 25°57′50″S 29°20′14″E 3,600
Africa
E. C. GASTON POWER United 33°14′37″N 86°27′37″W 2,013
STATION States
EKIBASTUZ GRES-1 Kazakhstan 51°53′12″N 75°22′31″E 4,000
POWER STATION
ERARING POWER Australia 33°03′44″S 151°31′13″E 2,640
STATION
FAER POWER STATION China 26°19′31″N 104°46′11″E 2,400
FENGCHENG POWER China 28°11′38″N 115°42′35″E 2,520
STATION
FENGTAI POWER China 32°45′26″N 116°39′00″E 2,520
STATION
FENGZHEN POWER China 40°24′18″N 113°08′47″E 2,520
STATION
FRIMMERSDORF POWER Germany 51°03′23″N 06°34′37″E 2,413
STATION
FUZHOU POWER China 25°59′28″N 119°28′56″E 2,720
STATION
GAVIN POWER PLANT United 38°56′09″N 82°07′00″W 2,600
States
GIBSON GENERATING United 38°22′19″N 87°46′02″W 3,340
STATION States
GUANG'AN POWER China 30°31′40″N 106°49′34″E 2,400
STATION
GUODIAN BEILUN China 29°56′37″N 121°48′57″E 5,000
POWER STATION
GUOHUA TAISHAN China 21°51′52″N 112°55′26″E 5,000
POWER STATION
HADONG POWER South 34°57′02″N 127°49′19″E 4,000
STATION Korea
HAIMEN POWER China 23°11′17″N 116°39′14″E 4,144
STATION
HANCHUAN POWER China 30°39′22″N 113°55′23″E 3,200
STATION
HEBI POWER STATION China 35°51′04″N 114°10′44″E 2,200
HEKINAN POWER Japan 34°50′7″N 136°57′43″E 4,100
STATION
HEQU POWER STATION China 39°22′59″N 111°11′08″E 2,400
HEXI POWER STATION China 39°49′22″N 110°02′04″E 2,400
HEZHOU POWER China 24°44′15″N 111°21′09″E 2,000
STATION
HOMER CITY United 40°30′39″N 79°11′37″W 2,012
GENERATING STATION States
HONGJUN POWER China 45°30′26″N 119°39′00″E 3,000
STATION
HOUSHI POWER China 24°18′16″N 118°07′33″E 4,200
STATION [ZH]
HSINTA POWER PLANT Taiwan 22°51′23″N 120°11′49″E 4,326
HUANENG WUHAN China 2,460
POWER STATION
HUANGDAO POWER China 36°02′18″N 120°13′10″E 2,050
STATION
HUANGHUA POWER China 38°18′36″N 117°52′43″E 2,520
STATION
HUANGPU POWER China 23°04′43″N 113°29′44″E 2,170
STATION
HUILAI POWER STATION China 23°00′20″N 112°36′40″E 3,200
J. H. MILLER POWER United 33°37′57″N 87°03′30″W 2,822
STATION States
J.M. STUART STATION United 38°42′09″N 83°49′17″W 2,318
States
JÄNSCHWALDE POWER Germany 51°50′05″N 14°27′37″E 3,000
STATION
JHARSUGUDA THERMAL India 21°48′49″N 84°02′23″E 2,400
POWER PLANT
JIANBI POWER STATION China 32°11′11″N 119°16′25″E 3,800
JIAXING POWER China 30°37′46″N 121°8′49″E 5,000
STATION
JINDAL TAMNAR India 22°05′54″N 83°26′19″E 3,400
THERMAL POWER PLANT
JINGYUAN POWER China 36°43′46″N 104°45′37″E 2,000
STATION
JINJIE POWER STATION China 38°44′10″N 110°10′01″E 2,400
JINLING POWER China 32°10′18″N 119°01′07″E 2,060
STATION
JINZHUSHAN POWER China 27°37′34″N 111°28′55″E 2,400
STATION
JIUTAI POWER STATION China 2,640
JOHN E. AMOS POWER United 38°28′29″N 81°49′16″W 2,933
PLANT States
JURONG POWER China 32°12′46″N 119°12′34″E 2,000
STATION
KAHALGAON SUPER India 25°14′34″N 87°15′48″E 2,340
THERMAL POWER PLANT
KEMEN POWER STATION China 26°22′24″N 119°45′44″E 2,400
KENDAL POWER South 26°05′24″S 28°58′17″E 4,116
STATION Africa
KORBA SUPER THERMAL India 22°23′11″N 82°40′58″E 2,600
POWER PLANT
KOZIENICE POWER Poland 51°40′0″N 21°28′0″E 2,840
STATION
KRIEL POWER STATION South 26°15′15″S 29°10′46″E 3,000
Africa
LAIWU POWER STATION China 2,000
LAIZHOU POWER China 37°25′56″N 120°01′05″E 2,000
STATION
LAMMA POWER Hong Kong 25°04′40″N 121°31′26″E 3,755
STATION
LANXI POWER STATION China 29°11′12″N 119°30′23″E 2,400
LETHABO POWER South 26°44′31″S 27°58′39″E 3,708
STATION Africa
LIAOCHENG POWER China 36°29′21″N 116°14′35″E 2,400
STATION
LIDDELL POWER Australia 32°22′26″S 150°58′40″E 2,000
STATION
LIGANG POWER China 31°56′26″N 120°04′33″E 3,840
STATION
LINGWU POWER China 38°08′54″N 106°20′45″E 3,200
STATION
LIU'AN POWER STATION China 31°40′03″N 116°29′56″E 2,520
LOY YANG POWER Australia 38°15′16″S 146°34′37″E 3,150
STATION
LUOHE POWER STATION China 32°41′07″N 117°04′40″E 2,400
LUOHUANG POWER China 2,640
STATION
LÜSIGANG POWER China 32°03′31″N 121°43′34″E 2,640
STATION
LUYANG POWER China 34°49′15″N 113°00′51″E 2,000
STATION
MAILIAO POWER PLANT Taiwan 23°48′0″N 120°11′0″E 4,200
MAJUBA POWER South 27°06′02″S 29°46′17″E 4,110
STATION Africa
MARTIN LAKE POWER United 32°15′36″N 94°34′08″W 2,250
PLANT States
MATIMBA POWER South 23°40′06″S 27°36′38″E 3,990
STATION Africa
MATLA POWER STATION South 26°16′57″S 29°08′27″E 3,600
Africa
MEJIA THERMAL POWER India 23°27′47″N 87°07′51″E 2,340
STATION
MONROE POWER PLANT United 41°53′21″N 83°20′44″W 3,280
States
MUNDRA THERMAL India 22°49′25″N 69°33′10″E 4,620
POWER STATION
MUNDRA ULTRA MEGA India 22°48′54″N 69°31′41″E 4,000
POWER STATION
NANSHAN GROUP China 37°43′44″N 120°26′53″E 2,000
POWER STATION
NANTONG POWER China 31°45′25″N 120°58′31″E 4,060
STATION
NAVAJO GENERATING United 36°54′12″N 111°23′25″W 2,409
STATION States
NEURATH POWER Germany 52°2′15″N 6°36′58″E 4,400
STATION
NIEDERAUSSEM POWER Germany 50°59′44″N 06°40′09″E 3,864
STATION
NINGDE POWER China 26°45′27″N 119°44′13″E 2,520
STATION
NINGHAI POWER China 29°28′57″N 121°30′34″E 4,400
STATION [NO]
NTPC RAMAGUNDAM India 18°45′31″N 79°27′17″E 2,600
OROT RABIN Israel 32.47°N 34.8895°E 2,590
PAITON POWER Indonesia 07°42′43″S 113°34′48″E 4,710
STATION
PANNAN POWER China 25°28′08″N 104°35′30″E 2,400
STATION
PANSHAN POWER China 39°58′51″N 117°27′44″E 3,400
STATION
PARADISE FOSSIL PLANT United 37°15′0″N 86°58′12″W 2,558
States
PENGCHENG POWER China 34°22′40″N 117°10′35″E 3,280
STATION
PENGLAI POWER China 37°40′47″N 120°18′50″E 2,000
STATION
PINGHAI POWER China 22°36′32″N 114°44′34″E 2,000
STATION
PINGLIANG POWER China 2,600
STATION
PINGWEI POWER China 32°41′03″N 116°54′05″E 2,400
STATION
PUCHENG POWER China 34°58′42″N 109°47′56″E 2,520
STATION
PUQI POWER STATION China 29°39′52″N 113°52′23″E 2,600
QINBEI POWER STATION China 35°10′11″N 112°42′56″E 4,400
QINZHOU POWER China 21°42′50″N 108°36′53″E 3,200
STATION
RATCLIFFE-ON-SOAR England 52°51′55″N 01°15′18″W 2,034
POWER STATION
REFTINSKAYA Russia 57°06′24″N 61°42′42″E 3,800
GRES(RUSSIAN)
RIHAND THERMAL India 24°01′39″N 82°47′28″E 3,000
POWER PLANT
RIZHAO POWER China 35°20′40″N 119°30′40″E 2,060
STATION
ROCKPORT POWER United 37°55′32″N 87°02′02″W 2,600
PLANT States
ROXBORO POWER United 36°29′06″N 79°04′19″W 2,558
STATION States
RUTENBERG POWER Israel 31°37′39″N 34°30′58″E 2,250
STATION
RYAZAN POWER Russia 54°02′04″N 39°46′39″E 3,130
STATION
SAMCHEONPO POWER South 34°54′37″N 128°06′33″E 3,240
STATION Korea
SANBAIMEN POWER China 23°33′58″N 117°05′49″E 3,200
STATION
SASAN ULTRA MEGA India 23°58′41″N 82°37′35″E 3,960
POWER PROJECT
SCHERER POWER PLANT United 33°03′45″N 83°48′14″W 3,520
States
SCHOLVEN POWER Germany 51°36′10″N 7°0′34″E 2,126
STATION
SHAJIAO POWER China 22°44′56″N 113°40′28″E 3,880
STATION
SHALINGZI POWER China 40°39′28″N 114°56′42″E 2,400
STATION
SHALINGZI POWER China 40°39′35″N 114°56′40″E 2,400
STATION
SHANG'AN POWER China 38°03′25″N 114°11′46″E 2,600
STATION
SHANGDU POWER China 42°13′27″N 116°01′41″E 3,720
STATION
SHANWEI POWER China 22°42′21″N 115°33′17″E 2,520
STATION
SHAOGUAN POWER China 24°35′03″N 113°35′00″E 3,200
STATION
SHENGTOU POWER China 39°21′51″N 112°33′04″E 4,600
STATION
SHERBURNE COUNTY United 45°22′43″N 93°53′48″W 2,400
GENERATING STATION States
SHIDONGKOU POWER China 31°27′49″N 121°24′15″E 3,820
STATION
SHREE SINGAJI THERMAL India 22°6′22″N 76°32′16″E 2,520
POWER PLANT
SINGRAULI SUPER India 24°06′16″N 82°42′27″E 2,000
THERMAL POWER PLANT
SIPAT THERMAL POWER India 22°07′57″N 82°17′24″E 2,980
PLANT
SUIZHONG POWER China 40°04′46″N 120°00′29″E 3,600
STATION
SUNDANCE POWER Canada 53°30′27″N 114°33′26″W 2,126
STATION
SURALAYA POWER Indonesia 05°53′30.87″S 106°01′52.32″E 4,025
STATION
TAEAN POWER STATION South 5,050
Korea 36°54′20.0002″N 126°14′4.9999″E
TAICANGGANG POWER China 31°35′05″N 121°15′25″E 2,770
STATION
TAICHUNG POWER Taiwan 24°12′46″N 120°28′52″E 5,500
PLANT
TAIZHOU (JIANGSU) China 32°11′11″N 119°54′49″E 2,000
POWER STATION
TAIZHOU (ZHEJIANG) China 28°41′53″N 121°27′28″E 2,070
POWER STATION
TALCHER SUPER India 21°05′49″N 85°04′30″E 3,000
THERMAL POWER PLANT
TANJUNG JATI-B POWER Indonesia 06°26′43″S 110°44′37″E 2,640
PLANT - JEPARA
REGENCY
TIANJI POWER STATION China 32°40′09″N 117°01′31″E 2,520
TIELING POWER China 42°20′40″N 123°48′15″E 2,400
STATION
TIRORA THERMAL India 21°24′58″N 79°58′3″E 3,600
POWER STATION
TONGLING WANNENG China 30°53′30″N 117°45′00″E 2,920
POWER STATION
TPP NIKOLA TESLA Serbia 44°40′11.5″N 20°09′35.5″E 3,286
TROITSK POWER Russia 54°02′13″N 61°38′50″E 2,058
STATION (RUSSIAN)
TUOKETUO POWER China 40°11′49″N 111°21′52″E 6,720
STATION
TURCENI POWER Romania 44°40′11″N 23°24′28″E 2,640
STATION
TUTUKA POWER South 26°46′43″S 29°21′07″E 3,654
STATION Africa
VINDHYACHAL SUPER India 24°05′53″N 82°40′18″E 4,760
THERMAL POWER PLANT
W. A. PARISH POWER United 29°28′38″N 95°38′03″W 2,697
STATION States
W. H. SAMMIS POWER United 40°31′48″N 80°37′50″W 2,456
PLANT States
WAIGAOQIAO POWER China 31°21′21″N 121°35′54″E 5,000
STATION
WEIFANG POWER China 36°38′37″N 119°13′58″E 2,000
STATION
WEIHAI POWER China 2,000
STATION
WUHU HUADIAN China 31°14′22″N 118°09′06″E 3,320
POWER STATION
WUJING POWER China 31°03′31″N 121°27′56″E 2,400
STATION
WUSHASHAN POWER China 29°30′22″N 121°39′51″E 4,400
STATION
XIANGFAN POWER China 31°54′45″N 112°10′00″E 2,400
STATION
XIBAIPO POWER China 38°14′39″N 114°12′55″E 2,400
STATION
XINGDIAN POWER China 36°46′57″N 118°14′09″E 2,250
STATION
XINMI POWER STATION China 34°29′55″N 113°35′46″E 2,600
XUTANG POWER China 34°20′55″N 117°55′55″E 3,200
STATION
XUZHOU POWER China 34°23′10″N 117°15′28″E 3,460
STATION
YANGCHENG POWER China 35°28′01″N 112°34′21″E 3,300
STATION
YANGLUO POWER China 30°41′38″N 114°32′35″E 2,400
STATION
YANGXI POWER China 21°32′15″N 111°40′13″E 2,400
STATION
YANGZHOU-II POWER China 32°16′04″N 119°25′10″E 2,460
STATION
YAOMENG POWER China 33°44′14″N 113°14′23″E 2,000
STATION
YEONGHEUNG POWER South 37°14′17″N 126°26′09″E 5,080
STATION Korea
YIMIN POWER STATION China 48°32′59″N 119°46′26″E 3,400
YUANBAOSHAN POWER China 42°18′12″N 119°19′27″E 2,100
STATION
YUEQING POWER China 28°10′15″N 121°05′26″E 2,520
STATION
YUEYANG POWER China 29°26′47″N 113°09′31″E 2,525
STATION
YUHUAN POWER China 28°6′59″N 121°8′17″E 4,000
STATION
YUZHOU POWER China 34°10′28″N 113°21′21″E 2,020
STATION
ZHANJIANG POWER China 21°18′35″N 110°24′34″E 2,400
STATION
ZHUHAI POWER China 21°58′01″N 113°10′55″E 4,600
STATION [NO]
ZHUJIANG POWER China 22°48′51″N 113°34′04″E 3,800
STATION
ZOUXIAN POWER China 35°19′31″N 116°55′42″E 4,540
STATION
LOCAL COAL-FIRED STEAM
POWER PLANT
 Therma Luzon, Inc.
Name: Pagbilao
Capacity:
700 MW for Units 1 and 2
420 MW for Unit 3
Location: Pagbilao, Quezon Province
Units 1 and 2 Commissioning: August 14,
1996

 Therma Luzon, Inc. (TLI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of AboitizPower,

is the project company of the 700-MW Pagbilao coal-fired power plant in
Pagbilao, Quezon.

 The Pagbilao plant was constructed in 1993. It is located at Ibabang Polo,

Isla Grande, Pagbilao, Quezon Province. Its first two units have been fully
operational since August 14, 1996.

 TLI submitted the highest offer in the competitive bidding conducted by

the Power Assets and Liabilities Management Corp. (PSALM) for the
appointment of an Independent Power Producer Administrator (IPPA) for
the contracted capacity of the coal plant. As IPPA, TLI is responsible for
procuring the fuel requirements of and selling the electricity generated by
the Pagbilao Plant.

Pagbilao Plant is being operated by TeaM Energy under a Build-Operate-

Transfer scheme.
 Masinloc power station
Sponsor: SMC Global Power
Parent company: San Miguel Corporation
Location: Bani Barangay, Masinloc Municipality,
Zambales Province
Coordinates: 15.5638449, 119.9191543 (exact)

Status:

Unit 3: Construction

Unit 4: Pre-permit development

Nameplate capacity: 600 MW (Units 3 & 4:

300 MW)
Type: Subcritical
Projected in service: 2018
Coal Source: Australia and Indonesia

 Masinloc power station is a 600-megawatt (MW) coal-fired power

station in Zambales Province, Philippines.
 In July 2017, AES announced that it would sell its 51% ownership stake
in Masinloc. Potential bidders for the facility as of October 2017 were
Meralco, San Miguel Corporation, and Aboitiz Power Corporation.
 In March 2018 San Miguel Corporation assumed 100% ownership of
Masinloc by acquiring AES's 51% share for $1.05 billion and EGCO's
49% share for $850 million.
 Sual Power Station

Country: Philippines
Location: Sual, Pangasinan
Coordinates: 16°07′30″N 120°06′02″
Status: Operational
Owner(s): TeaM Energy
Operator(s): San Miguel Energy
Corporation
Thermal power station
Primary fuel:Coal
Power generation
Nameplate capacity 1,218 MW

 Sual Power Station is a 1,200-MW coal-fired power station located near

the Lingayen Gulf in Sual, Pangasinan, Philippines. It has been providing
electricity to the Luzon grid since 1999 under a build, operate and transfer
(BOT) scheme with the Philippine government which ends in 2024.
 Development started when Consolidated Electric Power Asia Ltd, a
subsidiary of Hopewell Holdings, bid and won a $900mn BOOT tender
for a 1,000-MW power station at Sual. Site preparation began in 1995 and
construction started in February 1996. It was made operational in 1996
and full power generation was commenced in 2007.
 Due to the presence of the coal power plant, Sual port was established
close to the power plant in 2012. Sual Port a large port for the cargo of
coal, and among the largest and most important coal discharge ports of
The Philippines. Sual port is located close to Sual power plant, and caters
mainly to the thermal power plant. It can accommodate ships with a
maximum draft of 13.3 metres and a maximum LOA of 225 metres
Sual History And Profile
TeaM Energy’s 1200-MW coal-fired thermal power station in Sual,
Pangasinan was founded on a 25-year build-operate-transfer (BOT)
contract with the National Power Corporation (NPC). It is successfully
providing electricity to the Luzon grid since 1999.

In the early 1990s, an energy crisis afflicted the nation and paved the way
for the construction of a coal-fired thermal power plant to address the
country’s growing power demand and to spark hope for a struggling
Philippine economy.

Through the Energy Conversion Agreement with the NPC, the 1,200 MW
Sual Power Station (SPS) began construction in 1996. It became
commercially operational after 3 years.

Sual Main Equipments

BOILER

Type Stein two-pass drum type with forced circulator

Max. Continuous Rating 1,990 t/h

Operating Pressure 187 bars

Operating Temperature 540 C

Firing System Pulverized Coal Firing

Draft System Balanced Draft

Installation Outdoor
TURBINE

Type Alstom tandem coupled, single reheat

Max. Continuous Rating 647 MW

Operating Pressure 175 bars

Operating Temperature 540 C

Rotating Speed 3,600 rpm

No. of Heaters 8

GENERATOR

Type Alstom Compound wound

Rated Output 647 MW

Rated Voltage 22 kV
List of Coal-fired power plants in the Philippines
STATION CAPACITY COMMISSIONED COMMUNITY STATUS
(MW)

600 1998 Masinloc, Zambales OPERATIONAL

AES
CORP.

50 2006 Mabalacat, Pampanga OPERATIONAL

APEC

DMCI 600 1984, 1995 Calaca, Batangas OPERATIONAL

HOLDIN
GS

511 2000 Mauban, Quezon OPERATIONAL

EGCO
GROUP

KEPCO-
SPC 200 2011 Naga, Cebu OPERATIONAL
POWER
PLANT

KEPCO-
Kauswagan ,Lanao
SPC 552 2017 OPERATIONAL
Del Norte
POWER
PLANT

MARIVE
LES
COAL- 651.6 2013 Mariveles Bataan UNDER
FIRED CONSTRUCTION
POWER
PLANT
 STATION CAPACITY COMMISSIONED COMMUNITY STATUS

PAGBILAO
ENERGY
420 2018 Pagbilao, Quezon OPERATIONAL
CORPORAT
ION PEC

PEDC COAL
FIRED
167.4 2016 Lapaz,Iloilo City, OPERATIONAL
POWER
PLANT

SAN
BUENAVEN
TURA
POWER
UNDER
LTD. CO. 500 2018 Mauban, Quezon
CONSTRUCTION
SUPERCRIT
ICAL COAL
POWER
PLANT

SMC
CONSOLIDA
TED 600 2016 Limay, Bataan OPERATIONAL
POWER
CORP

SMI POWER
CORP. Malag, Davao Del
500 2016 OPERATIONAL
Sur

STEAG
GMBH Villanueva, Misam
232 2006 OPERATIONAL
is Oriental

SUAL
POWER UNDER
STATION 1294 1999 Sual, Pangasinan
CONSTRUCTION
 STATION CAPACITY COMMISSIONED COMMUNITY STATUS
(MW)

SULTAN ENERGY
200 2012 OPERATIONAL
PHILIPPINES

THERMA SOUTH
300 2015 OPERATIONAL
INC.

TOKYO ELECTRIC
728 1996 OPERATIONAL
POWER MARUBENI

TOLEDO POWER
246 1993 OPERATIONAL
CORP(METROBANK)

TOTAL: 7432 MW
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