Unit 5 – Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Advanced Concepts

ATP
What is the abbreviated name of this molecule? ______________
What is its purpose?
_____________________________________
Give energy
What are the three parts of this molecule?
Label each part with the proper number from
the parts you listed below.
1. ____________________________
Adenine
Triphosphate group
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
Ribose Draw an arrow to where the energy is
What organelle recycles this molecule? stored.
Mitochondria
_______________________________
What is the job of this organelle in the cell? ________________________________________
Is this organelle part of photosynthesis or cellular respiration? _________________________
What type of organisms use photosynthesis? ________________________
What type of organisms use cellular respiration? _________________________
Cellular
Characteristic Photosynthesis Both
Respiration
Oxygen is a waste product
Carbon dioxide is a waste product
Energy is supplied to cells
A form of nutrition in green plants
Chloroplasts are needed for this to occur
Mitochondria are needed for this to occur
Leaf cells of green plants make food
Sunlight is needed for this to occur
Animals do this
Plants do this
This is needed for cell to grow

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

+ + = and

What is the equation for cellular respiration?

+ = and and
Which process is a “build up” process? ______________________________________
Which process is a “break down” process? ___________________________________
Photosynthesis occurs in what organelle? ____________________________________
Cellular respiration occurs in what organelle? _________________________________

3 things that go in: (REACTANTS)

1. __________________
2. __________________
3. __________________

2 things that come out: (PRODUCTS)

1. __________________
2. __________________

2 things that go in:

(REACTANTS)
1. _________________
2. _________________

2 things that come out:

(PRODUCTS)
1. _________________
2. _________________

What is the ULTIMATE source of all energy??? _____________

Photosynthesis Organelle: Cellular Respiration Organelle:

____________________________ ______________________________
Color this oval green Color this oval red
Write the word SUGAR inside this oval Write the word ATP inside this oval
Photosynthesis:
What type of organism uses this? _________________________________________
Organelle: ____________________________
Reactants: 1. ______________________ Products: 1. ______________________
2. ______________________ 2. ______________________
3. ______________________
Purpose: _______________________________________________________________

1st part of reaction: _______________________________________________________

(also called: ________________________________)
Breaks apart: ___________________________
Creates: ____________

2nd part of reaction: ______________________________________________________

Creates: _________________

Cellular Respiration:
What type of organism uses this? _________________________________________
Organelle: ____________________________
Reactants: 1. ______________________ Products: 1. ______________________
2. ______________________ 2. ______________________
Purpose: _______________________________________________________________

1st part of reaction: _______________________________________________________

Breaks apart: ___________________________
Creates: ____________

2nd part of reaction: ______________________________________________________

Creates: _________________

Can animals use the carbon that is in the air? _____________

What would happen if plants did not pull carbon out of the air? __________________________
Can animals use light energy? ___________
___ During photosynthesis, light energy is ___ Disk-shaped structures inside a
converted to: chloroplast that contain photosynthetic
A. kinetic energy pigments are called:
B. chemical energy A. Krebs cycles
C. potential energy B. Thylakoids
D. electrical energy C. Carbohydrates
D. Synthesizers
___ Almost every molecule of oxygen in the
air was produced by: ___ The process by which autotrophs
A. photosynthesis convert light energy to chemical energy is
B. cellular respiration called:
C. photosynthesis and cellular A. photosynthesis
respiration B. oxidation
D. neither process C. pigmentation
D. photosystemizing
___ Metabolic processes that require
oxygen are called: ___ A molecule that absorbs certain light
A. aerobic wavelengths and reflects others is a:
B. anaerobic A. photosystem
B. matrix
___ Which of the following is NOT a part of C. refraction structure
cellular respiration? D. pigment
A. breaking of bonds
B. glycolysis ___ What are the most common
C. Calvin cycle photosynthetic pigments in plants?
D. Krebs cycle A. chloroplasts
B. stroma
___ The energy in glucose CANNOT be C. chlorophylls
released by: D. thylakoids
A. glycolysis
B. burning ___ Leaves appear green because the
C. respiration green portion of light
D. photosynthesis A. changes to heat
B. is absorbed
C. is reflected
___ Anaerobic respiration makes ___ ATP D. is destroyted
than aerobic.
A. more ___ All organic molecules contain carbon
B. less atoms that ultimately can be traced back in
the food chain to:
___ Energy from ATP is released when an A. the bodies of heterotrophs
enzyme called ATPase B. carbon dioxide from the
A. breaks the end phosphate off an atmosphere
ATP molecule C. water absorbed by plants
B. builds an ATP molecule D. the carbon that comes from the
C. breaks the rechargeable sun
prokaryotes apart
D. builds a new prokaryote
___ Excess sugars are usually produced ___ The source of oxygen produced during
during photosynthesis and may be stored photosynthesis is:
as: A. carbon dioxide
A. starch B. air
B. protein C. water
C. enzymes D. glucose
D. water

Earth’s atmosphere acts like the glass walls and roof of a greenhouse. It lets in the light of the
sun. The light energy then changes into heat energy. The heat energy does not move easily
out through the atmosphere, just as heat does not escape easily from a greenhouse. As a
result, Earth, like the greenhouse, stays warm. The way the atmosphere helps warm Earth is
called the greenhouse effect.

Perhaps you have heard that the greenhouse effect can cause a problem if too much heat is
trapped. Extra heat is trapped because Earth’s atmosphere is changing. The amount of carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing. Some of the extra carbon dioxide is produced by
burning fuels. Some of these fuels include wood, coal, oil, and natural gas. Also, when trees
and other plants are destroyed, the problem gets worse. Living plants use up some carbon
dioxide through photosynthesis. When the plants are destroyed, the carbon dioxide level
continues to rise.

Why is burning of forests a double problem? ________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

How would planting trees lessen the greenhouse effect? ______________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

In an experiment to determine whether green plants take in CO2, a biologist filled a large beaker
with aquarium water to which she added bromothymol blue. She exhaled CO2 into the solution
of bromothymol blue to turn it yellow. Then she placed a sprig of Elodea (a plant) into two test
tubes. She left a third test tube without Elodea to serve as a control. She added the yellow
bromothymol solution to all three test tubes and placed a stopper in each. Next, she placed all
the test tubes in sunlight. After several hours in sunlight, the bromothymol solution in the test
tubes with the Elodea turned blue. The bromothymol solution in the control remained yellow.

What conclusion can be drawn from the observations? Explain: ________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Use the following terms to finish the sentences:

Nutrient Store Reactions Releasing ATP

Demand Supply Food Bloodstream Energy

In order to do biological work, the cells of organisms need a steady supply of ______________.
All the energy needed for life processes is obtained from _____________. By the time ingested
food reaches your _________________, it has been broken down into ______________
molecules that can enter your cells. Cell ________________ then break down the food
molecules, ______________ energy. All the available energy cannot be used immediately. To
balance energy ________ and _________, cells ___________ energy in the bonds of
__________. These molecules can be called the cell’s energy currency.

___ Graph A demonstrates that the rate of photosynthesis:

A. decreases in response to increasing light intensity
B. increases indefinitely in response to increasing light intensity
C. increases in response to increasing light intensity, but only to a certain point
D. is unaffected by changes in light intensity

___ Taken together, these graphs demonstrate that:

A. photosynthesis is independent of environmental influences
B. increases in light intensity cause increases in temperature
C. as the rate of photosynthesis increases, the temperature of the plant decreases
D. the rate of photosynthesis is affected by changes in the plant’s environment

What 2 things are formed when cellular respiration breaks apart a molecule of glucose?
______________ and _______________

Where is energy lost in this system? ______________________________________________

Which part of the photosynthesis / cellular respiration cycle is NOT recycled? ______________

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of glucose? __________

Photosynthesis uses light as the energy source. What would chemosynthesis use as an energy
source? ____________

What kinds of organisms might perform chemosynthesis? ______________________

What macromolecule is produced from photosynthesis and chemosynthesis?

______________________
Label the parts of a chloroplast using the following terms: (hint: look this up in the biology
textbooks)

Stroma Grana Outer Membrane

Thylakoid Inner Membrane Thylakoid Space

Which element is being measured on a pH scale? ________

When the concentration of this element goes up, the value on the pH scale goes _________.

Does alkaline mean acidic or basic? ____________

___ Two species of bacteria produce different respiratory end products. Species A always
produces ATP, CO2 and H2O. Species B always produces ATP, ethyl alcohol, and CO2. Which
conclusion can correctly be drawn from this information?
A. Only species A is aerobic
B. Only species B is aerobic
C. Species A and B are both anaerobic
D. Species A and B are both aerobic

Why does lactic acid accumulate in muscle during strenuous exercise?

____________________________________________________________________________

Why are plants necessary for animals to exist? (give 3 reasons)

1. __________________________________ 2. ____________________________________

3. __________________________________