CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHOD AND DESIGN

This chapter provides discussion on the research methodology applied in the

study. It includes the research design, subjects of the study, data gathering instrument,
data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment for the proper interpretation of data.

Research Design

The researchers used the descriptive quantitative method of research to determine

the needed information regarding proposed plan about literacy program among out-of-
school children and youth in Barangay Wawa, Batangas City. The researchers collect first
the data which emphasize objective numerical analysis of data collected through
questionnaires and surveys.

Subjects of the Study

The primary purpose of the study is to analyze the outcome of conducting a

literacy program for Out-of-School Children and Youth in Brgy. Wawa, Batangas City.
The respondents of this study are the Out-of-School Children and Youth in the targeted
area in Batangas City.The results revealed that 100 is the total number of respondents
needed for the study. The said respondents were taken using random sampling which the
researchers used excellent judgement in selecting the respondents who best meets the
purposes of this study. The researchers use simple random sampling as it is a method
used to cull smaller sample size from a larger population and use it to research
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generalizations about the larger group. These sampling methods were of great help to the
researchers in gathering data in the most convenient way.

Data Gathering Instrument

To gather the data of this study, the researchers utilized research questionnaires
and surveys based from the questions raised. Specific list of questions were formulated
to elaborate the interviewees' answers. Preliminary information were gathered from
books, journals, articles,unpublished thesis and internet to come up with the content of
the questionnaire. The researchers made use of close-ended questionnaires which was
composed of 2 parts: the profile of the respondents and the questions about the study
which include the main causes of being an OSCY, the assessment of Literacy Program in
terms of reading, writing and numerical literacy, the benefits that an OSCY can get from
the Literacy Program, and the percentage of OSCY that can be engage in the said plan.

Construction of Questionnaires. The researchers tend to construct the questionnaires

through the guide of the statement of the problem. Books, Journals and after theses also
gave a big aid in constructing the questionnaires. For the content of the questionnaires, it
include the name, age and the socio-economic status of the respondents. For the scoring
of the respondents the researchers used checklist. The researchers used and utilized STI
College Main Library and online references for the related literature and studies relevant
to the present study.

Validation of Research Instrument. After the questionnaire was conducted, the

researchers submitted it to their research adviser for checking, correction and suggestions
were incorporated to the final draft of the questionnaire. The stand expert of the
researchers were called to validate the content of the questionnaire, in order to determine
the strong and weak points of it.

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Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers utilized the STI College main library and online researchers for
related literature and studies that is relevant to present the study. These provided inputs to
the conceptualization of proposing a literacy program among out-of-school children and
youth in Barangay Wawa, Batangas City towards educational achievement.

After finalizing the research questionnaire, the researchers sought the research
teacher's signature for the request letter that would be given to the respondents prior to
the interview. Upon approval of the respondents with the agreed time for answering the
given questionnaire.

Statistical Treatment

This study made used of the following statistical tools to analyze the data
gathered in this study.

Frequency and Percentage. This tool was used to determine the total number of tallies
and percentage in each category concerning their age, status and socio-economic status.

Weighted Mean. It was used to identify the average scores of the respondents' reponse in
each area of literacy program.

Ranking. The category of literacy program were ranked to determine which of the three
is preferred by the out-of-school children and youth.

Pearson r. The pearson (r) was used to determine the relationship of performances of
out-of-school children and youth in Barangay Wawa, Batangas City.

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