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Test 1 (06/08/08)
Time: 50 minutes
Location: In Class
QUESTION 1 [25 marks]
There are 2 thermal plants supplying power to a load of 415MW. Details of the 2 plants are as
follows:
Plant 1
Fuel Cost Function: 315 6.1 0.003
Power Limits: 50 250
Plant 2
Fuel Cost Function: 220 6.2 0.004
Power Limits: 50 350
Per‐unit system real power loss expressed in 100MVA base:
0.012 0.0062
Assuming that initial value of λ = RM 7/MWh. Please answer the following:
a) Determine the dispatch of generation after 2 iterations. Please include also the value of Δλ
and ΔP after 2 iterations.
b) Write short notes on the importance of optimal dispatch of generation
[20+5=25 marks]
Solution:
a) Determine the dispatch of generation after 2 iterations. Please include also the value of Δλ and
ΔP after 2 iterations.
Convert Ploss (pu) into actual values:
. .
. 2 marks
. . .
Real Power Loss;
0.00012 225.6996 0.000062 187.2621 .
Calculating Delta P;
Δ 415 8.287 225.6996 187.2621 . 4 marks
Calculating Delta λ;
0.003 0.00012 6.1 0.004 0.000062 6.2
2 0.003 7.8811 0.00012 2 0.004 7.8811 0.000062
119.8551 108.806 .
10.3253
Δ .
228.6611
New Value of λ;
7.8811 0.0452 . 4 marks
Summary of answer:
Dispatch of generation after 2 iterations:
.
.
Delta P value after 2 iterations:
Δ .
Delta Lambda value after 2 iterations:
Δ .
Total 20
marks
b) Write short notes on the importance of optimal dispatch of generation
• Will ensure that the amount of generation is at the optimal amount based upon its cost
functions and also real power loss in the system
• Minimising generation cost whilst meeting system load demand
5 marks
QUESTION 2 [15 marks]
A 3 phase, 50 Hz synchronous machine is driven at constant synchronous speed by a prime mover.
The armature windings are initially open circuited and the field voltage is adjusted so that the
armature terminal voltage is at rated value (1.0 pu). The machine has the following per unit
reactance and time constant.
0.27 0.04
0.47 1.4
1.57
a) Determine the steady state, transient and subtransient short circuit current
b) Write short notes on the importance of Parks Transformation
[9+6=15 marks]
Solution
a) Determine the steady state, transient and subtransient short circuit current
1
0.6369
1.57
2.1277 3 marks
.
each
1
3.704
0.27
b) Write short notes on the importance of Parks Transformation
• Useful to simplify synchronous motor/generator equations by eliminating ωt and also phase
differences.
• Parks Transformation converts a,b,c values to d,q,0 values
• Useful to be used in control applications
6 marks