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NAME : JOSEPH GUCHU GATHOGO

LECTURER NAME : MR. KIMITI


COURSE : BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
REG NO : BIT/2019/49491
UNIT : BASIC ELECTRICITY AND OPTICS
ASSIGNMENT : CAT
(a) State Coulomb’s law and express it mathematically. (3 marks)
Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly
proportional to the product of charge and inversely proportional to the square of distance
between them.

(b) Two charges are attracted by a force of 25 𝑁 when separated by 10 𝑐𝑚. What is the
force between the charges when the distance between them is 50 𝑐𝑚? (3 marks)

According to Coulomb's law, the force is inversely proportional to the square of the
distance. In simpler terms, it means that if you multiply the distance by a number you
then divide the force by that number, squared.

In this case, the distance is multiplied by 5, from 10cm to 50cm, so the force is divided
by 5 squared, or 25. 25N / 25 = 1N.

When the distance is 50cm the force is therefore only 1N.

(c) Calculate the magnitude of the electric filed, E strength at a point from an
electron, which is in a vacuum. (3 marks)

V=KQ/r
K=8.85 x 10-12 C2/Nm2
Point= 5 x 10-8m
Equation= E=KQ/r2
Where= k= 8.99 x 109Nm2/C2

5 x 10-8m= 8.99 x 109Nm2/C2


5 x 10-8m 5 x 10-8m

= 8.99 x 10m2/C2
5
= 89.9 x m2/C2
5
= 15.99m2/C2

(d) State three factors that determine the magnetic force, 𝑭𝑩 experienced by a
conductor carrying current when placed in a region with a magnetic field. (3
marks)

(i) Strength of the magnetic field


(ii) Current flowing through the wire
(iii) Length of the wire

(e) A solenoid 20 cm long is wound with 300 turns of wire and carries a current of 1.5
A. Calculate the magnetic field inside the solenoid.
Given number of turns N =300
Length of Solenoid= I= 20 cm
Magnetic Induction = 1.5 A
300x1.5 = 450A
Magnetic field strength,
= (300)(1.5)
20x10-2
= 450
0.2
= 2225 A/m
(f) State and explain three types of atomic bonding. Give one example of a substance in
each type. (3 marks)

(i) Ionic bond- These bonds occur when electrons are transferred from one atom to
another, and are as a result of the attraction between the resulting appositively
charged ions.
(ii) Covalent bond- Occur because of the electrostatic attraction between atoms and their
shared pairs of electrons.
(iii) Metallic bonds- Occur between the ionized atoms of metals and electrons around
them.

(g) Define the following physical quantities and their SI unit:


i) Electric current- Is the rate of flow of electric charge past a
point/region
SI Unit = Ampere (A)
ii) Terminal voltage –Is the voltage or potential difference across the
terminals of a cell or battery. SI Unit=V
iii) Resistance –Is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric
current. SI Unit=ohms(Ω)

(h) Calculate the resistivity of a wire whose length is 200 m and a cross section area of
15 𝑚𝑚2 if the total resistance across its ends is 10 ohms. (3 marks)
R=P(L/A)Ω
P=10 ohms
L=200m
A=15 mm2
=10(200/15x10-6)
=133.33 x 10-6 Ωm

(i) Consider the following circuit and answer the questions that follows:

Determine:
i) Total current in the circuit
Current= voltage/ Resistance
Total Voltage= 330v
Total Resistance=5+1/2+6=11 0hms
=330
11
= 30 A
ii) Current flowing through each resistor
I= V /R
330v/5=66 A

330v/6= 55 A
iii) Voltage drop across each resistor
V=I x R
V= 5 ohms x 30 A
= 150 v

V= 0 ohms x 30 A
=0v

V= 6 ohms x 30 A
= 180 v

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