6.

1 Users Analysis

6.1.1 Primary Users

The proposal utilizes on the redevelopment of the

cultural landscape of Estero the Binondo, revitalization of

Historical buildings through adaptive re-use. This is

primarily intended for the use of the linear park and

different mixed-use buildings such as for Office Building,

hotel and restaurant. It shall be the project's priority to

cater to the business investors, employees, building

tenants, and the locals.

6.1.2 Secondary User

Since the proposal promotes tourism, it would attract

and create new opportunities for visitors, tourists, and

foreign investors to visit the site, not only for the

business facilities but also fit its rich culture.

6.2 User Behavioral Pattern

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6.3 Space Programming

This chapter will discuss the formulation of the

analysis of space requirements. It is in this chapter that

the previous chapter’s content will be executed and studied

thoroughly, and will give architectural translations

accordingly. This will also be the initial analysis of what

the project will become when the translations are final.

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6.3.1 Development of Space Programming

 Matrix Diagram

A matrix diagram is a graphical tool that shows the

connection or correlation between concepts of space in the

form of a table. A relationship is indicated are each

intersection of rows through the use of legends responding

to its connection.

 Fishbone Diagram

A fishbone diagram is a graphical representation of the

relationship between spaces required in the facility. It

identifies the functional units of the different activities

of the facility.

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Figure 6.1 General Facility Diagram

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Figure 6.2 Office Building Fishbone Diagram

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Figure 6.3 Office Building Organizational Chart

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Figure 6.4 Office Building Matrix Diagram

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Figure 6.5 Hotel & Restaurant Fishbone Diagram

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Figure 6.5 Hotel & Restaurant Diagram

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Figure 6.6 Utility and Maintenance Diagram

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Figure 6.7 Hotel & Restaurant Matrix Diagram

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Figure 6.8 Mixed-Use Residential Fishbone Diagram

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Figure 6.9 Mixed-use Residential Matrix Diagram

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Figure 6.10 Mixed-Use Parking Building Diagram

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Figure 6.10 Mixed-Use Parking Building Matrix Diagram

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Table 6.1 Office Building Space Programming

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Table 6.2 Hotel & Restaurant Space Programming

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Table 6.3 Mixed-Use Residential Space Programming

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Figure 6.4 Mixed-Use Parking Building Space Programming

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6.4 Matter of Financing

6.4.1 Source of Funding

The Department of Budget and Management monitors and

assesses the physical and financial operations of local

government units and government-owned and/or controlled

corporations. Therefore, since the proposed redevelopment

of the Estero is public property and intended for public

use, the overall construction cost will come from the

Department of Budget and Management.

The mixed-use development and revitalization project

will be funded by its new owners and private investors.

6.4.2 Land Acquisition

The site for the redevelopment of the Estero is

entitled and under the control of the Local Government Unit

of the City of Manila. Therefore, the acquisition of the

project site for the development of the proposal will be

taken over by the government.

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 The site acquisition of the revitalization and mixed-

use development project is under the control and will be

taken over by the owners and private investors.

6.4.3 Land Development

Being in the highly commercializes area, the site is

surrounded by tall establishments. There is no vegetation

and the site has a poor landscape element. Infill

development will be used in the revitalization and mixed-

use proposal to accommodate their allocated site. The land

development would focus both on the landscape, wayfinding

and pavements, and parking requirements and facilities

needed in the proposal.

6.4.4 Furnishing and Equipments

Since the development of buildings will be mixed-use,

furnishing and equipments will utilize for residential,

retail, hotel, restaurant, and parking facility. This will

impose part of the budget allocation which is estimated 10-

15% of the total building cost.

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6.4.5 Return of Investment

6.5 Summary Environmental System

6.5.1 Structural System

The Structure must be designed to resist all the possible

worst scenario of calamities such as typhoons and tsunami.

The project will incorporate the use of vegetated riprap

revetments along the Estero to protect the site from

flooding and to maximize the vegetation.

 Construction Style

The project shall adopt the concept of "El Hogar Filipino

Building", it is one of the remaining Neo-Classical

building which was built during the American Pre-Colonial

Era.

 Building Components

Neo-Classical Style emphasized and elaborated on the

porch, cornices, doorways, and windows in its general

decoration. The earliest examples of the styles before the

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1920s typically have more ornate columns that are typical

of the Ionic or Corinthian order. Typically, these columns

supported a two-story or full-height porch. Doorways were

generally elaborated with detailed, decorative surrounds

based on Greek revival, Federal or Georgian models and

featured elements such as pediments, pilasters, sidelights,

and fluted or paneled details.

6.5.2 Electrical Systems

Power Source

 Solar Power System

A solar panel is a set of solar photovoltaic modules

electrically and mounted on a supporting structure. A

photovoltaic module is a packaged, connected assembly of

solar cells, the solar module can be used as a component of

a larger photovoltaic system to generate and supply the

electricity in residential, commercial, and outdoor

lighting. This type of system shall be adapted to the

proposed project.

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  Alternative Power Supply

The use of a backup power generator will be used in case

of crisis or regular system fail. The main power can be

lost due to weather, planned blackout or malfunctions.

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Energy Efficient Strategies

 Use of Led Lights

LED or Light Emitting Diodes are solid light bulbs

which are extremely efficient. LED bulbs last up to 10

times as long as compact fluorescents do and far longer

than typical incandescent lights. Since they do not have a

filament, they are not damaged under any circumstances,

unlike regular incandescent bulbs does. These bulbs do not

cause heat build-up, thereby helping to reduce air

conditioning costs. Although LEDs are initially expensive,

the cost is recouped over time and energy savings last

longer.

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  Structure Orientation

Proper orientation of the structure is very important

for energy efficiency and maximizes natural ventilation. It

also important in daylighting, a properly oriented

structure will require less mechanical cooling especially

during summer and will avoid solar heat gain. It may also

take advantage of the prevailing winds for passive cooling.

In orientation, the north side provides the best light,

south light exposure is easy to control with shading and

the east and west should have fewer windows.

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6.5.3 Mechanical System

Lifts and Escalator

One of the most important factors in a mixed-use

development is the accessibility features, commercial and

office buildings require great consideration with these

mechanical services. The positioning of lifts and their

lobbies, and their number and speed can be critical to how

the staff and visitors perceive the building. Lifts should

have a minimum of 15% of the building's population within 5

minutes, with a maximum duration of 30 seconds and an

actual car capacity of 80%.

Automated Parking System

Automated Parking System (APS) is a mechanical system

designed to minimize the area and/or volume required for

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parking cars. Like a multi-story parking garage, an APS

provides parking for cars on multiple levels stacked

vertically to maximize the number of parking spaces while

minimizing land usage.

All APS takes advantage of a common concept to

decrease the area of parking spaces - removing the driver

and passengers from the car before it is parked. With

either fully automated or semi-automated APS, the car is

driven up to an entry point to the APS and the driver and

passengers exit the car. The car is then moved

automatically or semi-automatically (with some attendant

action required) to its parking space.

The space-saving provided by the APS, compared to the

multi-story parking garage, is derived primarily from a

significant reduction in space not directly related to the

parking of the car:

 Parking space width and depth (and distances between

parking spaces) are dramatically reduced since no

allowance need be made for driving the car into the

parking space or for the opening of car doors (for

drivers and passengers)

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  No driving lanes or ramps are needed to drive the car

to/from the entrance/exit to a parking space

 Ceiling height is minimized since there is no

pedestrian traffic (drivers and passengers) in the

parking area, and

 No walkways, stairways or elevators are needed to

accommodate pedestrians in the parking area.

With the elimination of ramps, driving lanes, pedestrians

and the reduction in ceiling heights, the APS requires

substantially less structural material than the multi-story

parking garage. Many APS utilizes a steel framework (some

use thin concrete slabs) rather than the monolithic

concrete design of the multi-story parking garage. These

factors contribute to an overall volume reduction and

further space savings for the APS.

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6.5.4 Fire Fighting System

The site is readily accessible to the town central fire

station, which is located in the center of the site. Fire

fighting systems and equipment vary depending on the age,

size, use, and type of the building. A building may contain

some or all the following features:

 Fire alarm system

 Fire extinguisher

 Fire hose reels

 Fire hydrant system

 Automatic sprinkler system

Fire Alarm System

A fire alarm system is provided

to easily informed or alarm the

occupants about the fire occurrence.

It may be activated from smoke and

heat detectors. They may also be

activated via manual fire alarm activation devices such as

manual call points or pull stations.

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Fire Extinguishers

Fire Extinguishers are provided for a

“first attack” fire fighting measure

generally undertaken by the occupants of

the building before the fire service

arrives.

Fire Hose Reels

Fire hose reels are provided for use by

occupants as “first attack" fire fighting

measure, it can also be used by firefighters.

Fire Hydrant System

A fire hydrant is a connection point

by which firefighters can tap into a water

supply.

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Automatic Sprinkler System

The automatic sprinkler system is one of the most

reliable methods available for controlling fire. Today’s

automatic sprinkler system offers state of the art

protection of life and property from the effects of fire.

The sprinkler head is connected to a pressurized water

system. When the fire heats the sprinkler head, it opens at

a preset temperature, thus allowing pressurized water to be

sprayed both down onto the fire and also cool the hot smoky

layer of the structure.

6.5.5 Signage and Wayfinding

In public places like parks and plazas, signages are

necessary for the user in wayfinding, precautions or

warnings, information, directions, and identifications.

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These signs will let the user be independent inside the

premises of the parks and plazas.

Its main purpose is to communicate, to convey

information such that the receiver may make cognitive

decisions based on the information provided.

 Information: signs conveying information about

services and facilities, such as maps,

directories or instructional signs.

 Directions: signs showing the location of

services, facilities, functional spaces and key

areas, such as signposts or directional arrows.

 Identification: signs indicating services and

facilities, such as room names and numbers,

restroom signs or floor designations.

 Safety and Regulatory: signs giving as warning or

safety instructions, exit signs or signs

conveying rules and regulations.

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6.5.6 Solid and Liquid Waste Management

The waste management system shall conform to the

Republic Act No. 9003 known as the ecological waste

management program. As t such, separation of garbage from

compostable, recyclable and non-recyclable shall be

encouraged. Garbage bins will be provided and distributed

along with the site. Multi-story building facilities shall

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have their own garbage segregation rooms and are dropped

through garbage chutes. From there, the garbage shall be

collected at the ground/basement level of the buildings.

All recyclable and reusable disposals shall be stocked and

recycled in a centralized MRF (Material Recovery Facility).

All disposal garbages shall be collected daily by

garbage trucks rounding on the city provided by the LGU.

All service areas, storage areas, and waste disposal

areas must be adequately screened from the public view by

proper siting and screening with fences, courtyard wall or

landscaping.

Equipment, goods/products, and raw materials should be

stored in areas screened from public view and the ground

floor of adjacent buildings, and should preferably be

within a building.

Areas screened from public view should be provided for

incinerators, waste storage tanks, refuse containers and

similar equipment, and should be accessible for servicing

vehicles.

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 On the other hand, liquid waste is categorized

depending on what type of water they contain; those are,

black water, yellow water, brown water, and greywater.

Blackwater is wastewater from toilets and urinals, toilet

flushing water containing feces. Yellow water is composed

of urine from separation toilets and urinals, with and

without flushing water. Brown water is the same as black

water but without urine or yellow water. Greywater is

domestic waste from kitchens, bathrooms (shower, bath,

washbasin) and washing machine. Septic tank that fits the

site drainage shall also be fully developed for wastewater

drainage.

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6.5.7 Landscape Elements

The development aims to maximize the vegetation of the

site as much as possible. Terrance planting strip will be

used beside the Estero to filter the wastewater from

houses, establishments, and streets before it goes to the

Estero. The use of floating wetlands also function as

insect repellents, help improves the water quality; lessen

the foul odor in Estero, and serves as indicators of water

acidity. Some of these plants are Tanglad (lemon grass),

Umbrella Plant, Vetiver, Bandera Espanola and Water

Hyacinth Plant. This will also encourage using native

plants that help the ecosystem thrive and prevent the

endangerment of the species. The commonly used native

trees, such as Ditas, Balayong and Mangium, as well as the

Palawan Cherry and Riziphora will be used in landscaping.

6.5.8 Maintenance system

There shall be an assigned and established maintenance

department on each establishment to ensure safety, and

continuity of good service of the whole development.

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Maintenance of the landscape and waterfront areas shall be

maintained under the supervision of LGU through the

maintenance department.

All buildings, establishments, drives, parking areas,

and landscaped areas shall be maintained in good condition.

Any repairs and un-keep are the responsibility of each

maintenance department.

All trash containers and dumpers areas shall be kept

clean and maintained free from pests and foul odors. There

shall not be at any time and any accumulation of garbage or

other waste materials along with the site and

establishments.

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