Ms excel functions:

sum:
The Excel SUM function returns the sum of values supplied. These values can be numbers, cell
references, ranges, arrays, and constants, in any combination. SUM can handle up to 255
individual arguments.

Syntax
=SUM (number1, [number2], [number3], …)

pv
The Excel PV function calculates the Present Value of an investment, based on a series of future
payments.

The syntax of the function is:

PV( rate, nper, [pmt], [fv], [type] )

Where the arguments are as follows:

rate - The interest rate, per period.

nper - The number of periods for the lifetime of the annuity or investment.
[pmt] - An optional argument that specifies the payment per period.If the [pmt] argument is
omitted, it takes on the default value 0.
[fv] - An optional argument that specifies the future value of the annuity, at the end of
nper payments. If the [fv] argument is omitted, it takes on the default value 0.
[type] - An optional argument that defines whether the payment is made at the start or the
end of the period.The [type] argument can have the value 0 or 1, meaning:
0 - the payment is made at the end of the period;
1 - the payment is made at the start of the period.
If the [type] argument is omitted, it takes on the default value of 0 (denoting
payments made at the end of the period).

PPMT
The Excel PPMT function can be used to calculate the principal portion of a given loan payment.
For example, you can use PPMT to get the principal amount of a payment for the first period, the
last period, or any period in between.

Syntax
=PPMT (rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [type])

Arguments
rate - The interest rate per period.
per - The payment period of interest.
nper - The total number of payments for the loan.
pv - The present value, or total value of all payments now.
fv - [optional] The cash balance desired after last payment is made. Defaults to 0.
type - [optional] When payments are due. 0 = end of period. 1 = beginning of period. Default is 0.
FV

The Excel FV function is a financial function that returns the future value of an investment. You can
use the FV function to get the future value of an investment assuming periodic, constant payments
with a constant interest rate.

Syntax
=FV (rate, nper, pmt, [pv], [type])
Arguments
rate - The interest rate per period.
nper - The total number of payment periods.
pmt - The payment made each period. Must be entered as a negative number.
pv - [optional] The present value of future payments. If omitted, assumed to be zero. Must be
entered as a negative number.
type - [optional] When payments are due. 0 = end of period, 1 = beginning of period. Default is 0.

PMT

The Excel PMT function is a financial function that returns the periodic payment for a loan. You can
use the NPER function to figure out payments for a loan, given the loan amount, number of
periods, and interest rate.

Syntax
=PMT (rate, nper, pv, [fv], [type])
Arguments
rate - The interest rate for the loan.
nper - The total number of payments for the loan.
pv - The present value, or total value of all loan payments now.
fv - [optional] The future value, or a cash balance you want after the last payment is made.
Defaults to 0 (zero).
type - [optional] When payments are due. 0 = end of period. 1 = beginning of period. Default is 0.

rate

The Excel RATE function is a financial function that returns the interest rate per period of an
annuity. You can use RATE to calculate the periodic interest rate, then multiply as required to
derive the annual interest rate. The RATE function calculates by iteration.

Syntax
=RATE (nper, pmt, pv, [fv], [type], [guess])
Arguments
nper - The total number of payment periods.
pmt - The payment made each period.
pv - The present value, or total value of all loan payments now.
fv - [optional] The future value, or desired cash balance after last payment. Default is 0.
type - [optional] When payments are due. 0 = end of period. 1 = beginning of period. Default is 0.
guess - [optional] Your guess on the rate. Default is 10%.

nper

The Excel NPER function is a financial function that returns the number of periods for loan or
investment. You can use the NPER function to get the number of payment periods for a loan, given
the amount, the interest rate, and periodic payment amount.
Syntax
=NPER (rate, pmt, pv, [fv], [type])
Arguments
rate - The interest rate per period.
pmt - The payment made each period.
pv - The present value, or total value of all payments now.
fv - [optional] The future value, or a cash balance you want after the last payment is made.
Defaults to 0.
type - [optional] When payments are due. 0 = end of period. 1 = beginning of period. Default is 0.