LESSON PLAN IN Science 6

Quarter 3 Week 7 Day 4

Content: FORCE AND ENERGY – SIMPLE MACHINES

Safety Precautions in Handling and Using Lever and Screw

I. Learning Comprehension/Objective:
 Observe safety precautions in handling and using simple machines

II. Subject Matter:

A. Concept: Simple Machine helps make work easier. But they may also
cause accidents if they are not used or handled properly.

B. Materials: real object (hammer, scissors, plier, nut cracker, ice tong,
broom) pictures, tarpapel, powerpoint presentation

C. References: CG S6FE-IIIc-j-4
Science for Daily Use 5 Worktext, Simple Machine
pp.183-193 by Conchita T. Tan
Science and Health 5 Critical Thinking Activities
published by (ABC-EPSDA) Mandaluyong City, Philippines

D. Process Skills: Observing, Analyzing, Manipulating

E. Value Integration: Awareness in using Simple Machine

Carefulness in handling Simple Machines

III. Learning Tasks:

A. Engagement:
1. Checking of assignment
2. Review: Match the pictures. Present pictures of different kinds of levers (A)
and match them with the work described in each sentence (B).

A.

B. 1. ________ is a lever and a hand tools used to drive nails, fit parts, forge
metal, and break apart objects.
2. ________ is used for cracking the shells of nuts, usually consisting of
Two hinged metal levers, between which the nut is squeezed.
3. ________ is a mechanical device that joins pages of paper similar
material by driving a thin metal staple through the sheets and
folding the ends.
4. ________ are a first-class double-lever with the pivot acting as the
fulcrum. Use for cutting thick or heavy material
5. ________ is a great example of a lever. The fulcrum/pivot point is the
part of the lever that does not move, its in the middle. ... The
force that is applied by pushing down/pushing up on one end
and can substitute for the mass on the other end.
6. ________ are actually third class lever and usually found in the kitchen.

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 In a third class lever, the effort is between the fulcrum and the load.
Motivational Questions: (After answering and checking the work of pupils)
- Who among you are familiar with the tools? Which one have you used?
- Have you found it difficult using these simple machines, which one? Why?
- Have you experience or see people who accidentally hurt in using these
tools?
- What should you do to avoid accidents in using these simple machine/tools?

B. Exploration:
(set the standards before starting the activity)

Group Activity

Activity 1
PRACTICING PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES IN USING
SIMPLE MACHINES

I. You Need:
Manila Paper Masking Tape
Marking Pen Scissor

II. Do these:
1. Divide the class into four (4) groups
2. Have each group select a leader and a recorder.
3. Have each group brainstorm on safety on the use of levers and screw for
about 10 minutes.
4. Organize the data gathered on a manila paper
5. Post the Manila paper on the board
6. Ask them to identify the safety measures commonly given by the groups
7. Write these common safety measures identified by the class on the board

III. Do answer these:

a. Should you play with sharp and pointed tools? Why?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

b. What should you do before using a lever? A Screw? Why?

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

c. How do you carry tools with sharp and pointed tools like Screw and
Scissors? Why?
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

C. EXPLANATION
1. Reporting by the representative of each group
2. what are some safety rules in using or handling levers and screws?
3. What help does simple machine gives?

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D. ELABORATION:
Activity 2
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
SAFETY INFORMATION IN USING SIMPLE MACHINES
Guide questions:
1. Why do you think we should not play with simple machine?
2. Will these safety precautions help us prevent accidents? In what
way?

Concept/Generalization:
Is it proper to follow safety measure when using simple machines?
Why?

D. EVALUATION:

POSTER MAKING

Do These: From the list of safety measures in using simple machines, make a poster
in 1/8 illustration board (pre-assigned) showing each identified safety
measures.

RUBRICS in checking the poster

CRITERIA 3 2 1
Content Safety measures is Safety measures is Safety measures
very evident slightly evident is not evident
Originality Poster is exceptionally Poster is attractive in Poster is
attractive in terms of terms of design acceptably
design layout and layout and neatness. attractive though
neatness. it may be a bit
messy
Creativity Demonstrates creative Demonstrates Lack imaginative
thinking and unique creative thinking and thinking and has
qualities. Concepts concepts no concept
Team Work Cooperation among the Cooperation among Cooperation
group members is very the group members among the group
evident : 75% - 100% is very evident : 50% members is not
of the group members - 74% of the group evident, less than
work collaboratively members work 50% of the
collaboratively group members
of work
collaboratively

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BIT
SAFETY IN USING SIMPLE MACHINES
(PowerPoint presentation)
Simple machine makes easier and faster. However, if we do not handle them
with care they can harm us.
Precautionary measures in using simple machines must be practiced in order
to avoid accidents. Here are some measures to remember,
 Never play with sharp and pointed tools.
 When carrying sharp and pointed tools, position the edge pointed
downwards.
 Keep sharp and pointed tools in a tool box.
 Check the tools if it is in good condition before using it.
 Do not leave tools on stairways or unattended.
 When using a sharp tool always stay away from small children
 When you are through using any tool, clean them and put it back in its
proper place.
 Oil the machines regularly to prevent from rusting

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 LESSON PLAN IN Science 6
Quarter 3 Week 7 Day 5

Content: FORCE AND ENERGY – SIMPLE MACHINES

I. Learning Comprehension/Objective:
 Manipulate simple machines (lever and screw)
 Practice safety measures in handling and using lever and screw.

II. Subject Matter: Manipulating simple machines (Lever & Screw)

A. Concept: A simple Machine has a very few parts. It is a device which makes
work
easier and faster but it may cause accidents if they are not used or
handled properly.

B. Materials: real objects (hammer, scissors, plier, nut cracker, ice tong,
Broom, paper cutter, screw driver, screw)

C. References: CG S6FE-IIIc-j-4
Science for Daily Use 5 Worktext, Simple Machine
pp.183-193 by Conchita T. Tan
Science and Health 5 Critical Thinking Activities
published by (ABC-EPSDA) Mandaluyong City, Philippines

D. Process Skills: Observing, Analyzing, Manipulating

E. Value Integration: Awareness in using Simple Machine

Carefulness in handling Simple Machines

III. Learning Tasks:

A. Engagement
1. Health Inspection
2. Weather Report/Science Report
3. Review
Explain how the following simple machines make our work easier
1. knife
2. hammer
3. door knob
4. crowbar
5. scissor

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B. EXPLORATION
ACTIVITY
WORKING STATIONS
MANIPULATING LEVER AND SCREWS

Introduction: In a seesaw, the fulcrum is in between the effort and the resistance. Is
this true with all kinds of levers? Let’s find out… (the teacher will say “observe the
safety precaution that we have discussed”)

I. PROBLEM: How to manipulate different kinds of lever and a

screw

II. OBJECTIVE: To manipulate different kinds of levers and a screw

III. MATERIALS:

A pair of scissors a stapler

Pieces of papers/cardboard a nutcracker or a plier
A piece of wood (with a nail screw driver
hammered in the center) hammer
Paper cutter nails and screw
Ice tong ice cube
A drinking glass and a saucer a walnut/chestnut or any
available nuts in the locality

IV. PROCEDURE
Direction: Group the pupils into four. Select a leader who will record their
observations. Follow the instruction in each station. Observe safety
precautions in doing the task.

Station I.
a. Cut a piece of paper with the use of a scissor
b. Use the hammer to remove the nail from the piece of wood

Station II.
a. Use the Nutcracker to break the nut. (Teacher may use a plier instead
of a nutcracker)
b. Cut the piece of cardboard with a paper cutter

Station III.
a. Staple the pieces of paper.
b. Use the ice tongs to transfer an ice cube from the saucer to glass

Station IV.
a. Unscrew the screw on a piece of wood using the screw driver then
screw it again.

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C. EXPLANATION:

Guide Questions: Observations

1. How did you find the activity?
2. Which one is the first class lever? The second class lever?
And the third class lever? How did you say it so?
3. What safety measure is needed while working in each
station?

D. ELABORATE:
. 1. Make a list of the accidents that have happened to you while using the
simple machines like scissor, stapler, hammer, seesaw and others in the past
year. Also list causes of each accident. Get a partner from your classmate.
Compare your list with your partner. What does your list mean? Are you a
careful or a careless person? What will you do to avoid these accidents again?
2. Name things found in your home that use the principle of screw and
describe how you use and handled them

E. Evaluation:
Direction: Copy the number that tell the right thing to do when using
simple machines. (Lever and Screw)

1. Keep sharp and pointed objects away from person you are talking
to.
2. You may play lever and screw anytime you want to.
3. Do not leave tools on stairways or unattended.
4. Be sure that the tool is in good condition before using it.
5. When you are through using any tool, put it back in its proper place.
6. Oil the machines regularly to prevent from rusting

IV. Assignment:
Continuation of project making (Simple Machine miniature)

Prepared by:

EDERLINDA B. ESQUIBEL Ph.D.

MT – 1, TCMES, Morong, Rizal

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 LESSON PLAN IN Science 6
Quarter 3 Week 8 Day 1

Content: Energy Transformation in Simple Machine: Pulley

I. Learning Objective: Identify and describe the characteristics of simple
machines (Pulley)

II. Subject Matter:

A. Concept:
A pulley is a simple machine that uses grooved wheels and a rope to raise, lower
or move a load. It is simply a collection of one or more wheels over which you
loop a rope to make it easier to lift things.

B. Materials: real object, pictures, video clip

C. References: CG S6FE-IIIc-j-4
https://youtu.be/XbH6bwnFgVM Simple Machine Lyrics
https://youtu.be/Y5VOsLeh4m4 Pulley

D. Process Skills: Observing, Analyzing, Manipulating

E. Value Integration:
Awareness in using Simple Machine (Pulley)
Carefulness in handling Simple Machines

III. Learning Tasks:

A. Engagement:
1. Health Inspection
2. Weather Report/Science News
3. Review
Song: Simple Machine
Questions:
1. What is the song all about?
2. What are the different simple machine that was mentioned in
the song? According to the song, are they useful?
3. One of the machine is Pulley, did you notice what is pulley
for?

4. Motivation (use of pictures…flag in a flagpole)

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Questions:
1. Have you experienced rising up a flag? How does it work?
(you pull down the rope and the flag moves up fast)
2. What do you call on the machine on the top of the pole? Pulley
B. Exploration:
(set the standards in viewing and ask the pupils to write down important information
from the video)
Activity 1
VIDEO Clip PRESENTATION
Pulley
https://youtu.be/Y5VOsLeh4m4

C. Explanation:
Questions:
1. What is the video all about?
2. What is the problem of the man in the video?
3. What plan did he think to lift the load/stone?
4. What are the kinds of pulley?
5. Describe the fixed Pulley, movable pulley and the block and tackle pulley
6. How do they differ from each other?

Activity 2
DESCRIBING HOW A PULLEY HELP US DO WORK

You Need
1 pulley
1 500g-standard mass
1 spring balance
3 meters cord

Do These
1. Hang a pulley and put the cord
around the groove.
2. Tie the 500g mass to one end of the
cord. The 500g mass is the 500g
resistance.
3. Fasten the spring balance to the
other end of the cord.
4. Lift the resistance with the spring
balance. Observe the reading of the
spring balance. The reading is the effort force.

D. Elaborate:
Answer These
1. Does lifting the 500g mass using the fixed pulley seem easier? Why?
2. Does the pulley multiply effort force?
3. How does a pulley make work easier?

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E. Evaluation:
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. ________is a wheel with a grooved rim which is free to turn about a fixed
point called an axis.
a. Lever b. screw c. rope d. pulley
2. A kind of pulley which has a single wheel and a rope. It helps reverse the
direction of a force.
a. Single fixed pulley
b. Movable Pulley
c. Block and tackle pulley
d. A wheel with a grooved rim
3. A pulley with four wheels held together by a long rope that loops over them
that gives mechanical advantage of four, which means this is twice as good
as movable or single fixed pulley.
a. Block and Tackle Pulley
b. Single Fixed Pulley
c. Movable Pulley
d. A wheel with a grooved rim
4. A kind of Pulley that gives a mechanical advantage of two, which reduces
half of the effort you need in lifting a load.
a. Block and Tackle Pulley
b. Single Fixed Pulley
c. Movable Pulley
d. A wheel with a grooved rim
5. Suppose that you’re going to lift a load with a mass of 200kg, and you plan
to use a block and tackle pulley, what amount of force will you exert to lift
the load?
a. 50% of the load or 100kg
b. 25% of the load equivalent to 50kg
c. 10% of the load or 20kg.
d. 100% of the weight of the load

IV. Assignment:
Make a research about wedge. Find out how these wedge work.

Prepared by:

EDERLINDA B. ESQUIBEL Ph.D.

MT – 1, TCMES, Morong, Rizal

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BIT
A Pulley is a wheel with a grooved rim which is free to turn about a fixed point
called an axis.
A pulley lifts objects when a rope is pulled down.
A Pulley maybe classified according to number.

How pulleys work

The more wheels you have, and the more times you loop the rope around them,
the more you can lift.

One wheel
If you have a single wheel and a rope, a pulley helps you reverse the direction
of your lifting force. So, as in the picture below, you pull the rope down to lift the weight
up. If you want to lift something that weighs 100kg, you have to pull down with a force
equivalent to 100kg, which is 1000N (newtons). If you want to raise the weight 1m into
the air, you have to pull the loose end of the rope a total distance of 1m at the other
end.

Two wheels
Now if you add more wheels, and loop the rope around them, you can reduce
the effort you need to lift the weight. Suppose you have two wheels and a rope
looped around them, as in the figure below. The 100kg mass (1000 newton weight) is
now effectively supported by two sections of the same rope (the two strands on the
left) instead of just one (ignoring the loose end of the rope you're pulling with), and
this means you can lift it by pulling with a force of just 500 newtons—half as much!
That's why we say a pulley with two wheels, and the rope wrapped around it this
way, gives a mechanical advantage (ME) of two.
Mechanical advantage is a measurement of how much a simple machine
multiple a force. The bigger the mechanical advantage, the less force you need, but
the greater the distance you have to use that force. The weight rises 1m, but now we
have to pull the loose end of the rope twice as far (2m). How come? To make the
weight rise 1m, you have to make the two sections of rope supporting it rise by 1m
each. To do that, you have to pull the loose end of the rope 2m. Notice that we can
also figure out the mechanical advantage by dividing the distance we have to pull the
rope by the distance the weight moves.

Four wheels
What if you use four wheels held together by a long rope that loops over
them? You can see that the 100kg mass (1000 newton weight) is now hanging from
four sections of rope (the ones on the left, ignoring the loose end of the rope you're
pulling with). That means each section of rope is supporting a quarter of the total
1000 newton weight, or 250 newtons, and to raise the weight into the air, you have to
pull with only a quarter of the force—also 250 newtons. To make the weight rise 1m,
you have to shorten each section of the rope by 1m, so you have to pull the loose
end of the rope by 4m. We say a pulley with four wheels and the rope wrapped
around like this gives a mechanical advantage of four, which is twice as good as a
pulley with two ropes and wheels.

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