Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Booklet

Minimum Wages
&
2 October 2010 - 17 November 2010

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 2
Contents
Chapter 1 Crisis in MGNREGA: Priority Issues 6
Chapter 2 Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha 10
Section 1 About the Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha 10
Section 2 Calendar of events 14
Chapter 3 Important documents related to the issues raised in the satyagraha 18
Section 1 Indira Jaising’s legal opinion 18
Section 2 Andhra Pradesh High Court Order 23
Section 3 Re. 1 per day payment in Gudilya village, Tonk district 26
Section 4 Relevant Recommendations from the Working Group on Transparency 30

and Accountability with MoRD’s Response and Working Group’s
Rejoinder
Section 5 Government order denying registration for the Rajasthan Mazdoor 35

Union
Section 6 Minutes of the meeting on Policy for Revising Wage Rate in NREGA on 39
10th July 2009
Section 7 File notings on the minimum wage issue 44
Section 8 Letter from Government of Rajasthan to the Government of India 50

seeking minimum wages for the MGNREGA
Section 9 Open statement from eminent jurists on non-payment of minimum 52

wages to MGNREGA workers
Section 10 Emergency recommendations on NREGA wage policy by the CEGC 55

Working Group on Wages (May 2010)
Section 11 Relevant portions of The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 59
Section 12 NAC press release on minimum wages 65
Section 13 Letter from Ashok Gehlot to Manmohan Singh 66
Section 14 Letter to C. P. Joshi about his incorrect statements in the media 68
Section 15 Letter from Rosaiah to Manmohan Singh 69

Section 16 Letter from Sonia Gandhi to Manmohan Singh 70
Section 17 Signed agreement with the Government of Rajasthan on the basis of 81

which the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha stopped
Section 18 People’s Pay Commission 82
Chapter 4 Articles of note from the media coverage of the issue 92
Section 1 On guarantees anymore, 3rd October 2010, The Hindu 93
Section 2 The wages of discontent, 23rd October 2010, The Hindu 95
Chapter 5 Letters written to the Government of Rajasthan during the Mazdoor Haq 99
Satyagraha
Chapter 6 Flexes used in the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 129
Chapter 7 Songs from the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 139
Chapter 8 Press releases of the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 151

Chapter 1
Crisis in MGNREGA: Priority Issues
Section 1
The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) is a path-
breaking legislation offering hope to millions of poor people in India. It has already led to
many positive achievements: large-scale employment generation (more than 50 million
women and men worked on MGNREGA in 2009-10), empowerment of rural women,
slowdown of rural-urban migration, creation of many productive assets, increase in acutely
depressed wages earned by the poor among others. However, a series of emergency measures
are required if the gains made through MGNREGA are to be preserved and consolidated.
Some of the immediate areas of serious concern are summarized below.
1. Violation of the Minimum Wages Act
The current policy on wages of the government of India violates the fundamental rights of
workers as well as Supreme Court and High Court decisions, by contravening the Minimum
Wages Act. Shockingly, the union government takes the view that it is not bound to pay
minimum wages to MGNREGA workers, thereby effectively destroying the sanctity of one
of India’s most important legislations for the unorganized poor. [See Chapter 2, Section 3]
The effective “freeze” of NREGA wages at Rs 100/day also directly violates the Minimum
Wages Act, since all workers are entitled to the statutory minimum wage applicable in their
respective states. This has already been challenged and set aside in the Andhra Pradesh High
Court and is likely to be struck down, sooner or later, by the Supreme Court. Wage policy for
MGNREGA needs to be urgently reconciled with the Minimum Wages Act.
2. Crisis of Wage Policy
The Finance Minister in his budget speech of July 2009 promised that a real wage of Rs. 100
would be assured to all MGNREGA workers in the country. In fact the notification now in
operation (dated 1 January 2009) has in effect capped wages at Rs 100/day in nominal terms
across the country. The real value of wages is steadily declining every month, as prices
increase without any corresponding increase in money wages. This is a violation of the UPA-
2 government’s promise to ensure a “real wage” of Rs 100/day for MGNREGA workers.
Meanwhile, MPs and bureaucrats are insisting – successfully – on massive salary increases.

The MoRD’s response to the recommendations of the Working Group on Wages (WGW) has
been to delay the matter further by referring it to other committees [see Chapter 2, Section 4].
3. Continued Delays in Wage Payments
Reports of long delays in wage payments have been pouring from all over the country in the
last two years. This is threatening to undermine the entire programme, as delays in payments
discourage workers from joining MGNREGA worksites. Yet, very little has been done to
address this problem. Some remedial measures have recently been suggested by the Central
Employment Guarantee Council’s “Working Group on Wages”. There have been examples in
different states through which compensation and interest has been paid. However, instead of
universalizing these mechanisms for payment of compensation for delays in payment of
wages and the automatic payment of interest, the issues has been deliberately avoided by
saying that this is a matter for the states to decide. For workers on the edge of survival, timely
payments are crucial to their faith in the Act.
4. Lack of Accountability
The MGNREGA is the first of a series of social policy legislations in the entitlements
framework. In this paradigm the worker should have the facility to access entitlements easily,
through a series of well understood mechanisms under her/his control - like the application
for work. The accountability aspects therefore need to be legally and administratively
structured in a manner that the worker has the power to enforce rights, and have grievances
redressed, and control the public vigilance and monitoring aspects independently of the
implementing agency.
a) Undermining Accountability
Unfortunately, all the accountability provisions of MGNREGA (especially (i) unemployment

allowance, (ii) compensation for delayed payments, and (iii) penalty for dereliction of duty)
have been quietly and structurally sidelined, so that all the power remains in the hands of
bureaucrats and those responsible for implementation. This defeats the purpose of the Act,
which is to give workers enforceable entitlements. The accountability provisions of
MGNREGA urgently need to be activated. We present one extreme case of gross violation of
basic entitlements from Tonk District in Rajasthan where workers were paid wages of Re.
1/day! [See Chapter 2, Section 5]
b) Undermining Public Vigilance and Social Audits
Another aspect of the deliberately weakened accountability structure is the undermining of

social audit provisions. Specifically, a damaging amendment was recently made to Section 13
of MGNREGA, preventing the participation of independent parties in social audits, and
making the social audit an exercise controlled by the implementing agency. This amendment

needs to be reversed, and positive provisions are also required to make social audits and
public vigilance processes open, inclusive and participatory. The MoRD acknowledges the
restrictive and closed “social audit process” after this amendment, and that as a result no state
except Andhra Pradesh has carried out effective social audits. However, instead of adopting
the Andhra model as suggested by the Transparency and Accountability Working Group, the
MoRD has deliberately dragged its feet and undermined the social audit process [see Chapter
2, Section 6].
5. Dysfunctionality of the Central Employment Guarantee Council
The Central Employment Guarantee Council (CECG) has wide powers and responsibilities
under the Act. It was intended to act as an independent watchdog for MGNREGA at the
national level. However, the CECG has failed to fulfill its mandate under the law. It rarely
meets, does not have an Executive Committee, and did not submit any of the annual reports it
is supposed to prepare for Parliament. This is unlikely to change unless the Council is
restructured and enabled to carry out its mandate of being MGNREGA’s independent
monitoring body at the national level.
6. Bharat Nirman Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendras
In mid-2009, the Ministry of Rural Development launched a wholly misconceived

programme of construction of “Bharat Nirman Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendras” under
MGNREGA. An executive amendment was quietly made in the Act, to add this to the list of
permissible works, and enormous pressure was put on the states to give top priority to the
construction of BNRGSKs. This programme is acting as a backdoor entry for exploitative
contractors and a new fountain of corruption in MGNREGA. It is also draining the resources
available for material expenditure in MGNREGA, because the material-labour ratio in
BNRGSK is very high (up to 90-10), while a cap of 40-60 applies in MGNREGA as a whole.
The construction of BNRGSKs should be undertaken, if at all, under other programmes than
MGNREGA (such as BRGF), with only the labour component coming under MGNREGA.
The worst aspect of this top-down directive of a material intensive construction program is
that it blatantly violates the statutory right and autonomy of the Gram Sabha to plan and
choose the works to be undertaken in the Panchayat.
7. Securing the workers’ fundamental right to association
To make matters worse, even independent efforts of the poor to secure entitlements are being
discouraged. For fulfillment of entitlements under MGNREGA, it is crucial that the workers’
right to organize is protected and facilitated. Unfortunately, what is noticed is that all those
who are “managers” such as rozgar sahayaks, panchayat secretaries, sarpanches, engineers,

accountants and even program officers have formed the unions and begun to agitate for better
service conditions. While this is certainly part of their fundamental rights, strangely enough
the registration of workers’ unions have been obstructed and even barred in some places (see
Chapter 2, Section 7), using a number of questionable excuses, including the ridiculous
contention that the MGNREGA workers are not workers at all!
We take this opportunity to express our solidarity with all organizations and individuals,
especially workers’ organizations, which are fighting for the rights of MGNREGA workers
and against the undermining of MGNREGA by vested interests. For our part, we shall
endeavour to strengthen ongoing programs of action to secure the entitlements of the
MGNREGA workers such as Raichur Dharna (Karnataka), Mazdoor Haq Yatra and
Satyagraha (Rajasthan), NREGA Sahayata Kendras (Jharkhand), Labour Federations in
Andhra Pradesh, NFIW organizational efforts on MGNREGA etc. See the next chapter for
details about the Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha.

Chapter 2
Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha
Section 1
About the Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha
Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha
The Suchna Evum Rozgar ka Adhikar Abhiyan (S. R. Abhiyan) began a Mazdoor Haq
Satyagraha from the 2nd of October, 2010 near the Statue Circle in Jaipur.
The S. R. Abhiyan organized a Mazdoor Haq Yatra, in which there were 5 groups – one each
in Ajmer, Jodhpur, Kota, Rajsamand and Udaipur. The yatras started on the 15th of
September, 2010 and will be converging near the Statue Circle in Jaipur on October 2nd. The
response to these yatras has been overwhelming. Workers and farmers across the state have
endorsed the critical need to establish dignity and justice for themselves. These discussions
have built up a discourse enriched by people’s analysis of crucial issues under assault and
debate, such as the control and right to access resources of the state and the consequent
question of equitable sharing. This has strengthened the Abhiyan’s resolve to establish non-
negotiable entitlements for basic life and livelihood. The people who have attended
the yatra meetings in street corners of small towns and villages have supported these yatras
with contributions of food, shelter, fuel and money, so that each yatra has been self-
sufficient.
The significance of the Satyagraha beginning on 2nd October is manifold.

The Satyagraha raises issues of the “last person” so critical a focus of Gandhiji’s life and
work. It is also an ironical comment on a government wanting to deny permission to a non-
violent “satyagraha” beginning on Gandhi Jayanti to draw attention to the basic entitlements
of ordinary people and the ethics of governance! We say this because there have been
attempts by some individuals in the government to refuse us permission to use the place for
the Satyagraha.
The first issue will, therefore, be the right for the marginalised and the unheard to have and
access platforms of dissent and non-violent protest. By merely prefixing MG to the NREGA
the government has not “improved” upon legal entitlements of workers since the real
entitlements for labour are being steadily undermined.
The central government has de-linked minimum wages from wages under the MGNREGA.
In addition the “wage rate” has been frozen for almost two years. Even the so called “wage
rate” is systematically violated with people being paid as little as one rupee a day, and an
average payment of Rs. 75 per day being paid in Rajasthan making even the Rs. 100 a day a

charade. The S. R. Abhiyan is unwilling to let any employer (much less the government)
undermine the sanctity of minimum wages for any worker in the state and country.
The other broad concern is the manifest corruption which derails and denies access to
entitlements and benefits. In this broad area are the rights that lie with the newly acquired
RTI regime; and the ensuing entitlements within the MGNREGA for transparency and
accountability. This is a general empowerment under RTI to citizens to access and use
information to monitor governance. Of specific concern is the exercise of social audit, a
mandate entitled in the MGNREGA. Innumerable problems have been created both at the
level of amendments to the schedule of the Act in the Ministry of Rural Development,
Government of India, and in the organised reaction of those who are being monitored for
mismanagement and fraud at the village and panchayat levels. This is a reflection too of the
feudal and repressive nature not only of the social structure, but of governance itself.
The satyagraha will also be a platform which will raise issues of dignity and basic
entitlements for the primary producers in the country – the mazdoors, who are also very
often kisans; the sanctity of democratic space, peaceful protest and the accountability of
democratic structures to the people of the country.
This Satyagraha will continue indefinitely until at least two of the above demands are
addressed: a direct and clear commitment from the government to implement social audits
and an increase in minimum wages for workers under MGNREGA. On different days of the
indefinite Satyagraha we have planned activities of different duration. On the first day, 99
workers who got paid Re.1/day for 11 days work in Tonk district intend to come and donate
their earnings to the CM’s Relief Fund towards the payment of government employees’ daily
allowance (D.A.). One the first day we will also announce and begin to setup:
• a Mazdoori Jan Aayog [People’s Commission on Wages] to discuss the sanctity of

minimum wages and to fix wages for workers.
• a Chote Kisan Jan Aayog to take up issues of farmers, including land, subsidies,
seeds, fertilizers, insurance, credit and minimum support prices [M.S.P.].
• a Panchayati Raj Sashaktikaran Sammelan for real the strengthening of the

Panchayati Raj Institutions [P.R.I.s].
• Public Hearings on MGNREGA to look into the status of implementations of the

ten entitlements under MGNREGA
• a People’s Commission on the Implementation of the RTI Act and a charter for
transparent governance through proper implementation of Section 4 of the Act, which
is about proactive disclosure.
• the demand for setting up of an Accountability Commission to decide tasks and

measure work that government ‘servants’ do. This happens for MGNREGA workers,
so why not have accountability and penalty for government servants as well?

• discussions on issues related to Food Security. This will be done in partnership with
the Right to Food Campaign and the themes in the discourse will include the right to
minimum nutritional entitlements and issues of food productivity, procurement,
storage & distribution.
• last but not least, sessions on the theme of ‘Save Democracy’. There have been
systematic attempts to muzzle peaceful protest. This is done by cultivating a mind set
in those who administer to convert all protest into a law and order issue, thereby
defusing and sometimes destroying the rule of law. Refusing us permission to
peacefully protest is just an example. Distinction between peaceful demonstrations
and violent protest must be made, and space must be provided for the former if
democracy is to function effectively.
The mandate and message we carry with us from the people we met during the yatras is
unambiguous: Take our message to Jaipur and we will come there to join the Satyagraha. Not
only have daily wage labourers promised to come, they have even offered to support us in
cash and through other means.
We are making an appeal to all supporters of these issues to give time, spread the word,
join the campaign and to donate at least one day’s wages (more is of course welcome) to
support what may turn out to be a long and decisive struggle for dignity and
justice. Please let us know as soon as possible if and when you would like to come so that we
can plan the logistics. Contact details can be found below. Media persons are advised to
contact the control room. This is not to restrict the numbers who might want to come, but to
facilitate planning. We would be strengthened by your support and participation. We look
forward to seeing you at the Satyagraha.
Aruna Roy, Bhanwar Meghwanshi, Hariom Soni, Moti Lal, Richa Odichya, Nikhil Dey,
Shankar Singh, Ram Karan and R D Vyas, Naveen Narayan, Renuka Pamecha, Rawata Ram.
(On behalf of the Rozgar Evum Suchna ke Adhikar ka Abhiyan, Rajasthan)
Sign up on this website to keep receiving regular email alerts. There is a button to do so at the
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Contact details
Suchna evum Rozgar Ka Adhikar Abhiyan (S R Abhiyan)
Address: 20, Narain Nagar, Badgaon, District Udaipur, Rajasthan
Fax: +91 294 2451391
Email: srabhiyan@gmail.com

RTI Manch
Address: Plot number S-9, Rajshree Apartments, Jyoti Nagar Extension, Behind Amroodo ka
Baag, Jaipur – 300205
Landline: +91 141 2740019
Mobile: +91 9252489519
Email: rtiraj@gmail.com
Control Room
Address: BARC, P-1, Tilak Marg, C Scheme, Jaipur, Rajasthan – 302001
Landline: +91 141 2385254

Chapter 2
Section 2
Calendar of events
Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha – A Platform for Democracy
The Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha is an on-going protest by the workers to demand the payment
of inflation-indexed minimum wage, which was arbitrarily frozen through a Government of
India notification in January 2009. The “dharna” also functions as a platform for democratic
governance. Every day, issues of relevance to the workers are taken up for discussion
facilitated by a panel of eminent persons in that domain. The Satyagraha is also demanding
an effective implementation of social audits under the MGNREGA. The highlights of the
dharna are as under:
15th September 2010 - 1st October 2010: The S. R. Abhiyan organized Mazdoor Haq Yatras
in 5 divisions of Rajasthan (Ajmer, Jodhpur, Kota, Rajsamand and Udaipur). During the
yatras the S. R. Abhiyan found that there was a strong response by people to the injustice
being delivered by the government on the issue of wages under the MGNREGA.
27th September 2010: A press conference was organised in Delhi in which, among others, two
CEGC members voiced their concerns about persistent challenges in the effective
implementation of social audits and the crisis of wages in MGNREGA across the country.
2nd October 2010: The S. R. Abhiyan started the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha which is an
indefinite protest making two major demands: first, minimum wage linked to inflation must
be paid under MGNREGA and clear commitment from the government to implement social
audits. On this day the S. R. Abhiyan announced the following activities:
• a Mazdoori Jan Aayog [People’s Commission on Wages] to discuss the sanctity of

minimum wages and to fix wages for workers.
• a Chote Kisan Jan Aayog to take up issues of farmers, including land, subsidies,
seeds, fertilizers, insurance, credit and minimum support prices [M.S.P.].
• a Panchayati Raj Sashaktikaran Sammelan to strengthen the Panchayati Raj

Institutions [P.R.I.s].
• ‘Public Hearings on MGNREGA’ to look into the status of implementations of the ten
entitlements under MGNREGA.

• a ‘People’s Commission on the Implementation of the RTI Act’ and a charter for
transparent governance through proper implementation of Section 4 (proactive
disclosure) of the Act.
• the demand to establish an ‘Accountability Commission’ to decide tasks and measure

work that government ‘servants’ do.
4th October 2010: The Government of Rajasthan announced an increase in minimum wages
but does not link it to MGNREGA. Wage rate under MGNREGA thus lower than the state
minimum wage.
7th October 2010: The S. R. Abhiyan demanded an ‘Accountability Commission’ from the
State Government following a spot survey of 48 offices in Jaipur which revealed that a
majority of the senior and middle rung officials failed to come to office on time.
8th October 2010: Some members of the S. R. Abhiyan visited the chowkti (mazdoor mandi)
to talk about the Satyagraha and received overwhelming support for the issues. The labourers
there also made a contribution of Rs. 200 for the dharna.
9th October 2010: The Government of India announced that it has set up a committee to be
headed by Pranob Sen to look into the minimum wage issue under MGNREGA.
10th October 2010: A public hearing was held on people with disability in MGNREGA at the
Satyagraha. Here the Minister for Rural Development, Government of India was reminded of
his promise made in 2009 to ensure work for people with disabilities under the MGNREGA.
12th October 2010: The Right to Information Act completed 5 years on this day. The S. R.
Abhiyan organised a Suchna Mela at the Satyagraha. The Khazana Rath Yatra lampooning
an unaccountable and unresponsive state made its maiden trip. The S. R. Abhiyan also
submitted a request to the Chief Minister of Rajasthan to lodge FIRs against the Assistant
Engineer in Tonk district for committing fraud by submitting fake measurement books for
work worth 4.2 lakh rupees in the matter of the 99 labourers who were paid 1 Re per day for
eleven days of work.
13th October 2010: The S. R. Abhiyan members met the Chief Secretary and Principal
Secretary Finance and Policy Planning and were informed that the Government of Rajasthan
will write to Government of India to increase minimum wages under the MGNREGA (letter
dated October 18, 2010 attached)
14th October 2010: Participants at the Satyagraha prepared a brief status report on delayed
wage payments from 8 districts in the MGNREGA. The S. R. Abhiyan members met with the
Chief Minister and submitted a letter demanding compensation payments as provided under
the Act.
20th October 2010: A public hearing on single women households in MGNREGA was held at
the Satyagraha where the Ekal Shakti Sangathan expressed its solidarity with the Mazdoor
Haq Satyagraha. Women who came shared that only single women with an annual income of

less than Rs 1500 were eligible for pension (Rs 500 per month). They also shared that HIV
positive women were initially denied work under the MGNREGA, which was finally given
only after pressure. HIV positive women were also given an allowance of 50% work.
21st October 2010: A public hearing on marginalised communities (Valmikis, Kalbeliyas,

Banjaras and Kherwas) in MGNREGA was held at the Satyagraha. The main demands were
land titles for nomadic communities, residential schooling for children and the establishment
of a state level position and committee to monitor and oversee issues related to marginalized
communities
30th October 2010: A review of the status of the 10 entitlements in the MGNREGA was held
at the Satyagraha. Following this all the people who were at the Satyagraha took part in a
rally which proceeded from Udyog Maidan (near Statute Circle) to the Collectorate at Jaipur.
A delegation met with the Chief Minister of Rajasthan who assured the Satyagrahis that he
would send a letter to the Prime Minister of India asking for minimum wages to be paid
under the MGNREGA.
5th November 2010: While government employees got a Diwali bonus of approximately Rs.
230 crore, workers in the MGNREGA were still fighting to get a bare minimum wage. To
protest the misplaced priorities of the government, the Satyagrahis observed a Kali Diwali
(Black Diwali).
10th November 2010: A public hearing on was held on forest land rights. Based on the
testimonies made at the Satyagraha on dalit, land right and forest rights issues a delegation
met with the Principal Secretary issued orders that the anomalies should be inquired into.
12th November 2010: A national public hearing on the MGNREGA was held in New Delhi.
A letter from the Chairperson of the NAC to the Prime Minister of India saying that
minimum wages need to be paid to all MGNREGA workers.
14th November 2010: P. Sainath came to the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha and spoke to the
satyagrahis.
16th November 2010: A talk on the UID was held. A delegation from the Mazdoor Haq
Satyagraha met with a team of senior bureaucrats from the Rajasthan government headed by
the Chief Secretary. The government agreed to the following demands of the satyagrahis:
• After the Government of India decides in principle to link the wage rate in the
MGNREGA to an index, the minimum wage applicable in the State of Rajasthan will
also accordingly be linked to the Consumer Price Index.
• When there is a delay in the payment of wages in the NREGA, appropriate

procedures as outlined in the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 will be followed.
• The Collector of Tonk District will conduct an investigation on the case of payment of
Re. 1 in the Gudilya village of Tonk district by 30th November.

• Once an appeal is filed in the Labour Department with regard to the registration of the
NREGA workers’ union, the appropriate decision will be taken.
• Detailed orders have been issued to implement the piece-rate system properly in
NREGA on 15th November 2010 and appropriate training for this will be provided. If
required this system will be further strengthened.
17th November 2010: Based on the fact the Government of Rajasthan agreed to certain
demands on the previous day the dharna is lifted. This is also the day on which the first
assembly/public-hearing of the People’s Pay Commission takes place.

Chapter 3
Section 1

Chapter 3
Section 2
Andhra Pradesh High Court Order

Chapter 3
Section 3
Part 1: Letter written by the workers from Gudliya village, Tonk district to the Chief Minister
of Rajasthan about being paid Re. 1 per day in the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 3
Part 2: The muster-roll which records the work for which workers in Gudilya village, Tonk
district got paid Re. 1 per day in the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 4
Relevant Recommendations from the Working Group on Transparency and

Accountability with MoRD’s Response and Working Group’s Rejoinder
I. Issue: Implementing agency same as auditing
Working Group Recommendation: Constitutions of Directorate of Social Audit as apex

body for conduct of Social Audit in the state, independent of implementing agencies. To have
Technical Wing to inquire into MGNREGA accounts, other financial records at all levels &
examine quality of works
MoRD’s Response:
1. AP has established an independent and autonomous body under the name of

Society for Social Audit, Accountability and Transparency (SSAAT) which is
responsible for facilitating conduct of Social Audit by the rural poor. The
Commissioner, Rural Development of the State enters into an MoU with SSAAT
for conduct of Social Audit on the basis of a calendar prepared for the same. The
Government is bound to act on the findings of Social Audits. Till so far
discrepancies/ misappropriations to the tune of Rs.88 crores have been deduced in
the State of Andhra Pradesh and more than 4600 officials have been proceeded
against it. In rest of the country, the Social Audit is being conducted by the Gram
Sabha presided over by the Sarpanch and all put together have not detected
irregularities even at any significant scale. On the other hand, there have been
any number of complaints from some of the areas which are not getting captured
through the Social Audit process.
2. The Directorate of Social Audit may be set up by States on a Reimbursement

Model with Central assistance for the next 5-8 years and to be handed over to the
State Government.
Response of the Chairperson of the Working Group:
The ministry should not just fund the setting up of a directorate of social audit, but ensure that
the directorate is independent and able to carry out its task in the manner that Andhra Pradesh
has done. The ministry needs to seriously consider why no other state has managed to capture
discrepancies through social audits even though all state governments are reporting
successful completion of social audit processes.

II. Issue: Gram Sabha meetings not held for SA
Working Group Recommendation: the mandatory assembly of the Gram Sabha held every
six months for this purpose may be called the ‘Social Audit Forum’
MoRD’s Response:
This may be called the Social Audit Gram Sabha instead of Social Audit Forum since Act
mentions gram, sabha not social audit forum
There is a fundamental issue that is to be considered. The working group was not questioning
the need for the gram sabha to carry out the social audit. However, as the ministry has
pointed out the current interpretation of section 13 (1)(B) as amended makes the gram sabha
a completely exclusive restrictive body. No accountability mechanism for any citizen in India
can be restricted on the basis of ‘autonomy’. The social audit gram sabha must therefore have
special arrangements to ensure that the people of the gram sabha are facilitated and supported
in making fully informed decisions.
III. Issue: SA not open and inclusive. Restricting the outsiders to Social Audit Gram Sabha
Working Group Recommendation: Revised formulation of Schedule 1-13 (b), Social Audit
Forum shall be an open and inclusive forum to encourage broad based public participation.
Any individual or association of individuals shall be allowed to participate, testify and place
their observations on record. However, they will have no voting rights
MoRD’s Response:
1. Section 17 of the Act provides “The Gram Sabha shall monitor the execution of works
within the Gram Panchayat. 2) The Gram Sabha shall conduct regular social audits of
all the projects under the Scheme taken up within the Gram Panchayat. 3) The Gram
Panchayat shall make available all relevant documents including the muster rolls,
bills, vouchers, measurement books, copies of sanction orders and other connected
books of account and papers o the Gram Sabha for the purpose of conducting the
social audit.”
2. Provision 13(b) (ix) of Schedule I provides “the Social Audit shall be open to public
participation. Any outside individual person apart from the Gram Sabha shall be
allowed to attend the Social Audit as observers without intervening the proceedings of
the Social Audit.” According to this provision, participation in the social audit being
conducted by the Gram Sabha for any person, who is not a member of that Gram
Sabha except as a spectator is prohibited by these provisions.

3. Gram Sabha as provided under Article 243 (b) of the Constitution means “a body of
persons registered in the electoral rolls relating to a village comprised within the area
of Panchayat at village level”. Article 243 (A) further provides: “A Gram Sabha may
exercise such powers and perform such functions at the village level as the
Legislature of a State may, by law, provide.” In other words, a Gram Sabha
comprises the registered voters from that Panchayat and stands to exercise such
powers and functions as may be delegated to it by the State Legislature.
4. The basic objective of a social audit is to ensure public accountability in the

implementation of projects, laws and policies. One simple form of social audit is a
public assembly where all the details of a project are scrutinized. However, ‘social
audit’ can also be understood in a broader sense, as a continuous process of public
vigilance. However, as per the law, no institution other than the Gram Sabha is
recognized and therefore “Social audit Forum” cannot be created.
5. Earlier the practice had been that in the State of Rajasthan Social Audit was being
conducted with the aid of MKSS in different Panchayats. The Hon’ble Jaipur High
Court have decided on the basis of the Provision 13(b) (xi) that active participation of
any outside agency in the process of Social Audit would be against the provisions of
the Act and its Rules so much so that even the participation of Minister (RD) or the
Secretary (RD) in the Social Audit process would be against the afore provisions.
6. The Government of Andhra Pradesh have come out with the National Rural
Employment Guarantee Scheme-AP Social Audit Rules, 2008 under the powers
conferred by Section 32 (1) of the Act read with Section 23 (3). v. It has, therefore,
become necessary that the Social Audit must develop into effective instrument.
Therefore, it is proposed to suitably amend 13(b) of Schedule I. It is further proposed
to circulate the draft model Social Audit Rules to the States which they can notify
under Section 32 (2) read with Section 23(3) with / without modification. Model
rules may make the suggestion and states may decide in the manner of adoption as
Article 243 A of the Constitution defines Gram Sabha and States have power to
determine the functioning of Gram Sabha in their State Panchayati Raj Acts
1. The ‘proposed suitable amendment to 13 (1) (B) is not’ included in the ministry’s
views. This should have been placed before the CEGC now itself so as to avoid
another round of consultations and potential problems. The working group has
suggested and drafted a set of amendments to enable the Andhra model of social
audit. Shall we assume that these are the ‘proposed amendments’? This is the most
crucial aspect of the working group’s recommendations on social audit.
2. The social audit gram sabha must have special arrangements to ensure that the
people of the gram sabha are facilitated and supported in making fully informed
decisions. In fact this would be true of the planning gram sabha, also seldom held,

as well where the gram sabha needs assistance for preparing itself for projects and
labour budgets.
3. The gram sabha is also responsible under section 17 (1) for monitoring the
execution of works within the gram panchayat. This definition of the gram sabha
offered by section 13 (1) (B) mean that nobody else, including government
officials and public representatives, could monitor execution of the works within
the gram panchayat.
4. Article 243 (A) and (B) do not exclude anyone in the manner that the amendments
under 13 (B) do. The level of restriction is acknowledged in the ministry’s
response when it says that ‘even the minister RD and the secretary RD could not
participate in the social audit process’
5. In the working group the member from the CAG had the following points to
make:
a. since amounts of more than 1 crore are being spent in one panchayat, avenues
for public participation should be wider.
b. Civil society organizations should be allowed to facilitate the gram sabha.
c. A suitable amendment to 13 (B) would:
i. Be like AP social audit
ii. Look into composition of social audit team
iii. Gram Sabha will not be chaired by anyone in charge of implementation at panchayat
iv. Allowing outside participation but no voting rights
IV. Issue: Implementing and auditing agency are one, if sarpanch chairs the gram sabha for
SA
Working Group Recommendation: Social Audit Forum Gram Sabha shall not be chaired
by anyone who is involved in the implementation of MGNREGA, including the Gram
Panchayat Sarpanch (President etc.) as the Gram Panchayat is the main implementing agency.
MoRD’s Response:
1. Articles 243(b) and 243(A) of the Constitution do not provide that the Gram
Sabha meeting will be chaired by the Sarpanch. Section 17 also does not make
provisions to this effect. However, the Panchayat Acts of the State contain
provisions to the effect that the Gram Sabha meetings shall be presided over by
the Sarpanch of the Panchayats.

2. The model rules circulated also contain provision to the effect that the periodic
Gram Sabha organized to undertake social audits shall select its own chairpersons
other than the Sarpanch. It is for the State to accept or modify this provision.
States may adopt/ modify their PRI Acts
The working group was of the opinion that to protect the independence of all audit processes
there must be no conflict of interest. Therefore, it cannot be left a particular state or gram
sabha to decide who will chair a social audit meeting. The special circumstances of a social
audit make it mandatory that the implementing agency occupies not position of authority in
the audit process. Doing so would severely compromise the entire process.

Chapter 3
Section 5
Government order denying registration for the Rajasthan Mazdoor Union

Chapter 3
Section 6
Minutes of the meeting on Policy for Revising Wage Rate in NREGA on 10th July 2009

Chapter 3
Section 7
File notings on the minimum wage issue

Chapter 3
Section 8
Letter from Government of Rajasthan to the Government of India seeking minimum wages
for the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 9

Chapter 3
Section 10
Emergency recommendations on NREGA wage policy by the CEGC Working Group on

Wages (May 2010)
23 May 2010
Dr. B.K. Sinha
Secretary, Rural Development
Krishi Bhawan
New Delhi 110 001
Dear Dr. Sinha,
Emergency Recommendations on NREGA Wage Policy
The deliberations of the “Working Group on Wages”, formed under the auspices of the Central
Employment Guarantee Council, are in full swing, and the working group’s report is being drafted.
Meanwhile, the working group unanimously decided (at its first meeting, held in Delhi on 3 May
2010) to make three emergency recommendations. These are:
(A) Indexing of NREGA wages: As you know, paying a real wage of (at least) Rs 100 per day is a long-
standing promise of the UPA-2 government. It was made, inter alia, in the Finance Minister’s Budget
Speech on 6 July 2009: “We are committed to providing a real wage of Rs 100 a day as an
entitlement under the NREGA”. But instead, NREGA wages have effectively been frozen at Rs 100
per day in nominal terms (i.e. without any periodic adjustments for inflation). With prices increasing
by leaps and bounds, especially food prices, this freeze is eroding the real value of NREGA wages
month after month. The erosion of real wages threatens to undermine the entire programme, and in
any case, it is a gross injustice to NREGA workers, all the more so when millions of them are
struggling to survive under severe drought conditions.

Meanwhile, we understand that the Ministry has appointed a “task force” (chaired by Dr. Pronab
Sen) to examine the possibility of creating a separate price index for NREGA workers. This is a
misguided initiative. As pointed out by several members of the Central Employment Guarantee
Council at its last meeting (on 22 February 2010), a suitable price index already exists: the Consumer
Price Index for Agricultural Labourers (CPIAL). The working group unanimously felt that this price
index is adequate for the purpose of indexing NREGA wages, and that there is no need to devise a
separate price index for NREGA workers. Aside from being unnecessary, this would lead to further
delays in the process of indexing (an informal communication from Dr. Pronab Sen suggests that it
may take up to a year to devise and compute a separate index).
Our considered recommendation is as follows:
(1) NREGA wages should be immediately indexed to the price level, using the Consumer
Price Index for Agricultural Labourers (CPIAL), with 1 April 2009 as the “base”, so that
the real value of the wage is at least Rs 100 per day at April 2009 prices. As long as
NREGA wage rates are set by the Central Government, they should be promptly
revised upwards every six months – or at most every twelve months - in line with the
CPIAL. (States that had wages notified at more than Rs 100/day at the time of the 1
January 2009 notification should have their wages indexed with their notified wage as
a base.)
(B) Compliance with Minimum Wages Act: The working group is also very concerned about the
implicit “overriding” of the Minimum Wages Act 1948 involved in switching from Section 6(2) to
Section 6(1) of NREGA, as a basis for setting wage rates. The relevant sections of NREGA are as
follows:
6.(1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Minimum Wages Act, 1948, the Central
Government may, by notification, specify the wage rate for the purposes of this Act:
Provided that different rates of wages may be specified for different areas:
Provided further that the wage rate specified from time to time under any such notification
shall not be at a rate less than sixty rupees per day.

(2) Until such time as a wage rate is fixed by the Central Government in respect of any area
in a State, the minimum wage fixed by the State Government under section 3 of the
Minimum Wages Act, 1948 for agricultural labourers, shall be considered as the wage rate
applicable to that area.
Until January 2009, Section 6(2) was the basis of NREGA policy - state governments were setting
minimum wages for NREGA. On 1 January 2009, however, the Central Government issued a
notification that effectively “froze” the NREGA wages state-wise. Later, state governments were
allowed to raise the NREGA wages up to Rs 100 per day (if it was below that on 1 January 2009). This
new policy effectively activates Section 6(1) of the Act, which involves a potential if not actual
overriding the Minimum Wages Act. Indeed, it would be illegal for any state governments to pay
NREGA workers anything less than the minimum wage for the relevant occupation. And it is the
prerogative of state governments (not the Central Government) to set minimum wages. The Central
Government’s commitment, for its part, does not go beyond Rs 100 per day. An unacceptable
situation is thereby arising where NREGA workers in some states are being paid less than the
statutory minimum wage. There is, thus, a potential conflict between the current wage policy and
the Minimum Wages Act. This potential conflict needs to be resolved at the earliest, by amending
NREGA is need be, but in the meantime, what is of paramount importance is to avoid any actual
overriding of the Minimum Wages Act, so that the sanctity of this Act (affirmed by the Supreme
Court) is respected. In short, our recommendation is as follows:
(2) NREGA policy must be consistent with the Minimum Wages Act. In no circumstances
should this Act be overridden.
(C) Shorter work hours: A third urgent concern is the prolongation of NREGA working hours from
“seven hours” (the initial formulation, under Para 8(1) of Schedule I) to “nine hours” (the new
formulation, as per notification of 14 January 2008, amending Para 8(1) of Schedule I). Considering
the exacting nature of NREGA work, and the fact that many NREGA workers are undernourished, this
new provision is unfair and unnecessary, even if the said nine hours including one hour of rest, as
was subsequently clarified by the Ministry of Rural Development. We recommend a return to the
initial formulation:
(3) Para 8(1) of Schedule I of NREGA (“The Schedule of Rates of wages for various
unskilled labourers should be so fixed that an adult person working for nine hours
would normally earn a wage equal to the wage rate”) should be amended so that the
words “nine hours” are replaced with “seven hours”.

We would be grateful if you would give urgent and positive consideration to these emergency
recommendations.
Yours sincerely,
Jean Drèze
(Member, Central Employment Guarantee Council and Chairperson, Working Group on Wages)
on behalf of the Working Group

Chapter 3
Section 11
The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976

Chapter 3
Section 12
NAC Press release on the minimum wage issue

Chapter 3
Section 13
Letter from Ashok Gehlot, Chief Minister of Rajasthan to Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime
Minister of India seeking minimum wages for the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 14
Letter to Dr. C. P. Joshi, Minister for Rural Development, Government of India about his
incorrect and false statements in the media

Chapter 3
Section 15
Letter from K. Rosaiah, Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh to the Dr. Manmohan Singh,
Prime Minister of India seeking minimum wages in the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 16
Letter from the Sonia Gandhi, Chairperson of the NAC to Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime
Minister of India seeking minimum wages in the MGNREGA

Chapter 3
Section 17
Signed agreement with the Government of Rajasthan on the basis of which the Mazdoor Haq
Satyagraha stopped

Chapter 3
Section 18
Part 1: Terms of reference of the People’s Pay Commission
Terms of Reference of the People’s Pay Commission
Purpose
On 2nd October the workers at the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha in Rajasthan decided to form a
People’ Pay Commission. This decision comes in light of the present situation where the
Minimum Wages Act (1948) has been violated via a Government of India (January 2009)
notification which froze minimum wages under MGNREGA at Rs. 100.
Rising prices of basic necessities has adversely affected the poor the most and the Fifth and
Sixth Pay commissions have increased the salaries of government servants significantly.
This Commission will be applicable to all skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers. The
recommendations of this Commission will be presented to the public for debate, consultation,
suggestions and review.
The People’s Pay Commission is being constituted with the purpose of providing a platform
for workers to publicly discuss debate and determine the value of a days work especially for
those who earn on the basis of physical labour.
Terms of Reference
A. The Peoples Pay Commission will be accountable to the workers.
B. To examine the principles, the date of effect thereof that should govern the structure
of pay, allowances and other facilities/benefits whether in cash or in kind to workers
in all forms of employment already covered as well as those not covered by the
schedule. The Commission will discuss the need for omnibus minimum wage rate for
all.
C. To discuss and adopt primary criteria (need based or work based) to decide worth of a
day’s wage.
D. To put in place a mechanism that enables workers to decide and review at regular
intervals (half-yearly or annually?) the recommendations of this Commission.
E. To make recommendations with respect to the general principles, financial parameters

and conditions which should govern payment of wages and the desirability and
feasibility of introducing productivity linked wages. Should such criteria be
determined and finalised as time-rate/piece-rate payment?
F. To work out comprehensive mechanisms to review how the recommendations of the

Commission have affected:

• pay
• conditions
• compensations
• pensions
• employment
for informal sector workers in general as well as for workers from different age
groups, women, marginalised communities and people with disabilities?
G. To examine the principles which should govern the structure of compensations,

pension, death-cum-retirement gratuity, family pension, insurance & other welfare
benefits (terminal or recurring) having financial implications to the present and
former workers in the categories of employment mentioned in (A).
H. To deliberate whether it will take up the ineffectiveness and dysfunctionality of

existing mechanisms within formal institutions like the Labour department, Labour
Commissions and labour courts.
I. To examine desirability and the need to fight for any interim relief till the time the
recommendations of the Commission are made and accepted by the Government.
General Principles to decide minimum wages
1. Are the “needs based’ formula and the norms laid down by the 15th Indian Labour
Conference (1957) and the Supreme Court decision in Workmen vs. Management of
Raptakos Brett & Co Ltd. (1992) a good starting point?
- Minimum food requirements

- Clothing requirements
- Cost of living
- Fuels costs
- Children’s education
- Medical requirement
- Minimum recreation including festivals/ceremonies
- Provision for old age
- Marriages
2. Since the “needs based” formula from the 15th Labour Conference (1957) mention linking
minimum wages to cost of living, should minimum wage be linked to Consumer Price Index
(CPI)?
3. Based on the norms laid down in the 1992 Supreme Court decision in Workmen vs.
Management of Raptakos Brett & Co Ltd. mention cost of children’s education, healthcare,
old age pension should amount to 25 percent of minimum wage, how should workers be
provided old age pensions, provident fund and access to free healthcare, children’s education
and provident fund benefits?
4. Should more than 7 day delay in wage payments be accompanied by an effective

mechanism for compensation payment with interest for each day of delay? Should these

mechanisms be drafted after revisiting older laws and legal frameworks such as the Payment
of Wages Act?
Composition
The Commission is being constituted with an interim working and an advisory group. The
members of the People’s Pay Commission will comprise of unskilled, semi-skilled and
skilled persons, farmers and eminent people from public life, including academics,
economists, journalists, lawyers, jurists, retired civil servants, trade unionists, social activists,
industrialists and others.
Procedures
1. The Commission will discuss and adopt procedure suggested here and may appoint
such advisers, institutional partners, as it may consider necessary. It may request for
information and support for its final formulation/recommendations, as it may consider
necessary from partners and advisers.
2. The Commission will have its headquarters in Jaipur. It will also have a website on
which all information including memos, minutes of meetings, documents and material
related to the deliberations and decisions of the Commission.
3. The Commission will have a full time Secretary who will interact with the
commissions working group members and advisory group. For an interim period of 6
months Ruchi Gupta’s name is being proposed for consideration.
4. The Commission, in its first meeting, held on 17th November will first finalise this
draft Terms of Reference and deliberate over an interim work-plan.
5. The interim work-plan will detail the mechanisms for implementation and
enforcement of its recommendations.
6. For all its major recommendations, pronouncements the Commission will prepare an
exploratory Green Paper, which outlines the broad objectives in order to stimulate a
public debate.
• A Green Paper must be followed by a White Paper, with concrete proposals by

the Commission specifying the direction it wants to proceed in.
• All recommendations and suggestions of the Commission must be must be
placed in the public domain one month prior to an open public consultation
before arriving at a conclusion.
• All Green and White Papers and draft recommendations/ suggestions should
be placed on a dedicated website so that they are easily accessible (in English
and Hindi as well as other languages), without being drowned by other
information.
• All Green and White Papers and draft recommendations/suggestions must also
specify the name and contact details of the person responsible for receiving
comments and suggestions from the public and from stakeholders.

• All the comments and suggestions received on the
recommendations/suggestions of the Commission must themselves be publicly
available.
7. The Commission will make its recommendations within 24 months of the date of its
constitution. It may consider, if necessary, sending reports on any of the matters as
and when the recommendations are finalised.

Chapter 3
Section 19
Part 2: A note on the People’s Pay Commission
…when a person provides labour or service to another against receipt of remuneration, which is less
than the minimum wage, he is acting under the force of some compulsion which drives him to work
though he is paid less than what he is entitled under law to receive… What Article 23 prohibits is
'forced labour' that is labour or service which a person is forced to provide and 'force' which would
make such labour or service 'forced labour' may arise in several ways …There is no reason why the
word 'forced' should be read in a narrow and restricted manner so as to be confined only to physical
or legal 'force' particularly when the national charter, its fundamental document has promised to
build a new socialist republic where there will be socioeconomic justice for all and every one shall
have the right to work, to education and to adequate means of livelihood…
- People’s Union for Democratic Rights Vs. Union of India (1982)
Jaipur, 2nd October 2010
The People of Rajasthan decided to form a People’ Pay Commission on 2nd October 2010. This
decision comes in light of the present situation where the Minimum Wages Act (1948) has been
violated while the rising prices of basic necessities has adversely affected the poor the most and the
Fifth and Sixth Pay commissions have increased the salaries of government servants significantly.
This Commission will be applicable to all workers, skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers. The
recommendations of this Commission will be presented to the public for debate, consultation,
suggestions and review.
Statement of reason

1. The Constitution of India guarantees all citizens of India a right to life of dignity and equality. A life
of dignity means ability to access adequate food and nutrition, basic health care, housing and
shelter, children’s education, clean environment, old age benefits and all other benefits deemed
necessary for human beings. All these are possible when adequate work/employment opportunities
are made available. Any employment enables the worker to earn appropriate wage to provide for
his/her family if wages earned are above a certain threshold, which is what the minimum wage is
supposed to be.
2. The Minimum Wages Act (1948) established powers of the Government of India to fix minimum
wages. The Act holds that minimum wages should be revised at intervals not exceeding 5 years.
The 15th Indian Labour Conference (1957) put forward a “needs based” formula for fixing minimum
wage that would take into consideration the following components:

- Cost of living
- Fuels costs
These recommendations were made binding by the Supreme Court in the case of Unnichoyi vs. State
of Kerala (1961)
In the case of Workmen vs. Management of Raptakos Brett & Co Ltd. (1992) the Supreme Court held
that the following components should be added to the “needs based” formula put forward by the
15th Indian Labour Conference (1957):
- Marriages
These should amount to twenty five percent of the total minimum wage.
3. After independence all the needs of the organized sector workforce have been ensured and
regularly improved upon. Every ten years the government of India constitutes a Pay Commission
whose recommendations are duly implemented. Other than serving as a regular mechanism to
revise salaries of all public officials/employees and linking the revisions to the consumer price index,
the Pay Commission also looks into the provision of pensions for this particular segment. The
workforce whose salaries and benefits are decided by Pay Commissions is the same as the pool from
which members of these Commissions are drawn.

4. Similarly, Members of Parliament (MPs) at the centre and Members of Legislative Assemblies
(MLAs) in the states can on their own discuss and approve revisions and increases to their salaries
and other benefits. Judges too can revise and increase their salaries trough a simple passing of an
order. The only segment of the employed population that does not have a mechanism or platform to
look into matters related to their wages is the unorganized labour force. This labour force has been
systematically exploited, marginalized and its interests have been systematically ignored for several
years in spite of existing legal frameworks and obligations.
5. Such an unequal approach towards the workers in the unorganized labour force who are
burdened by poverty, drought and unemployment was questioned almost 35 years ago in Rajasthan
when workers working on Famine Relief Works took up the issue of non payment of minimum
wages. Women workers on these worksites organized a protest demanding payment of minimum
wages.
6. Eighteen years since the Workmen vs. Management of Raptakos Brett & Co Ltd decision of the
Supreme Court that laid down what should be the minimum wage as per standards laid down by law
and the Courts there has been no significant increase in minimum wages for the unorganized sector.
In the current situation of rising prices of basic necessities the unorganized labour force often
continues to receive wages below the minimum wage stipulated by the state government.
7. The minimum wage in Rajasthan has been stagnant at Rs. 100 per day for the last 4 years. In a
situation in which minimum wage laws are rarely enforced especially in the unorganized sector, the
only way to ensure regular increase in wages is to increase wages under the Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), which will effectively push up the wages
outside of the MGNREGA as well. One of the greatest successes of the MGNREGA is that, even in
geographical areas where implementation has been poor, it has managed to give workers bargaining
power to fight for minimum wages.
8. The Government of Rajasthan announced a thirty five percent increase in minimum wages but did
not extend the same to the MGNREGA. The index for ‘Food Articles’ rose to 179.0 in September
2010 from a base of 100 fixed in 2004 - 05. At a time when inflation in staple food items has
increased by about eighty percent the Government of India fixed the wage rate at Rs. 100 thereby
pushing the minimum wage in many states below the official minimum wage of the state. As a result
State Governments with minimum wage rates exceeding Rs 100 (AP Rs. 112- 162, Goa Rs. 157,
Jharkhand Rs. 144, Karnataka Rs. 120, Punjab Rs. 137, MP Rs 114, HP Rs. 110, and Maharashtra Rs.
144-160) have been restrained and have not been able to pay workers under MGNREGA.

9. While the Government of India through its Sixth Pay Commission substantially increased the
salaries of public officials to reflect the rising costs/inflation, it refuses to create mechanisms to
adjust the MGNREGA wages to similar standards. At a time when the real wages of workers are
decreasing everywhere in India it is imperative that the minimum wage both inside and outside the
MGNREGA be regularly adjusted to reflect increasing cost of living and basic necessities.
General Principles to decide minimum wages
As a result this Commission puts forward the following General Principles on Minimum Wage for
public debate:
1. Are the “needs based’ formula and the norms laid down by the 15th Indian Labour Conference
(1957) and the Supreme Court decision in Workmen vs. Management of Raptakos Brett & Co Ltd.
(1992) good:

- Cost of living
- Fuels costs
- Marriages
2. Since the “needs based” formula from the 15th Labour Conference (1957) mention linking
minimum wages to cost of living, should minimum wage be linked to Consumer Price Index (CPI)?
3. Since the norms laid down in the 1992 Supreme Court decision mention cost of children’s
education, healthcare, old age pension should amount to 25 percent of minimum wage, should
workers be provided old age pensions, provident fund and access to free healthcare, children’s
education and provident fund benefits?
4. Should more than 15 day delay in wage payments be accompanied by a mechanism for
compensation payment with interest for each day of delay?

Chapter 3
Section 20
Part 3: Some issues for the consideration of the People’s Pay Commission

Chapter 4
Articles of note from the media coverage of the issue
Section 1
On guarantees anymore, 3rd October 2010, The Hindu

Chapter 4
Section 2
The wages of discontent, 23rd October 2010, The Hindu

Chapter 5
Letters written to the Government of Rajasthan during the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha
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lkft’k gS vkSj vki Hkh ekusxsa fd bls fdlh lwjr esa Lohdkjk ugha tkuk pkfg;sA
vxj bl ij mfpr dk;Zokgh ugha gqbZ vkSj dke djus okys etnwjksa dks viuh iwjh
etnwjh ugha feyh& vkSj lkFk&lkFk nks"kh ljdkjh deZpkfj;ksa ij dk;Zokgh ugha djsa rks
fu%f’pr gh ,slk ekuk tk;sxk fd ljdkj o ftyk iz’kklu ,sls yksxksa dks leFkZu ns jgh
gS tks dkuwu dk mYa?ku rks dj gh jgs gS lkFk gh xjhc etnwjksa dk 'kks"k.k Hkh djrs gSA
fuEu fyf[kr fcUnqvksa ij ge mEehn djrs gSa fd gesa budk tckc fn;k tk,xkA
• fnukad 31-8-2010 dks vf/k’kklh vfHk;ark Vksd

a dh v/;{krk esa eqY;kadu fjiksVZ ds
vuqlkj bl dk;Z esa 4]80]472 #- dh ekiiqfLrdk Hkjk x;k gS tcfd ek=
60]810#- dk dke ekik x;k gSA bldk vFkZ gS fd 'ks"k jkf’k dh QthZ ,e-ch-
Hkjh xbZA ml ,e-ch- ij ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- vkt rd D;ksa ugha ntZ gqbZA
• ftu baftfu;jksa us bl izdkj dh QthZ ,e-ch- Hkjh muls bl jkf’k dks fjdoj
djus dh D;k izfØ;k pykbZ tk jgh gSA

• bu QthZ ,e-ch- ds vk/kkj ij dSls dgk tk ldrk gS fd fdl i[kokM+s esa fdl
etnwj us fdruk dke fd;k \ vr% fdl vk/kkj ij ;g ckr dgh tk jgh gS fd
lkjs 99 etnwjksa us ,d&,d #i, izfrfnu dk dke fd;kA
• Vksd
a ftyk dyDVj dks viuh fjiksVZ fy[kus ds le; ;g D;ksa ugha yxk fd
ftu baftfu;jksa us QthZ ,e-ch- Hkjh Fkh muds f[kykQ dk;Zokgh djsa \
• dke esa deh gksus ds ckotwn ;s fdlh Hkh lwjr esa U;k;ksfpr ugha gks ldrk gS
fd eki ds vuqlkj Hkqxrku gks vkSj gj etnwj dk eki cjkcj ekuk tk ldsA
,bZ,u dh ekSf[kd fjiksVZ rFkk c;ku ls vkSj Hkh Li"V gqvk gS fd dqN yksxksa us
rks dke gh ugha fd vkSj dqN us dke fd;kA fdlh Hkh txg Hkqxrku esa ,d
O;fDr dh deh dks nwljs O;fDr ds mij ugha Mkyk tk ldrk gSA ;fn ,slh
O;oLFkk djuh gS rks ge pkgrs gSa fd ljdkj Vkbe jsV ls gh Hkqxrku djsA
lkFk&lkFk ge TkkWc pkVZ vkSj isuYs Vh dh O;oLFkk ljdkjh n¶rjksa esa Hkh pkgrs
gSA
• dke ukiuk rFkk dke djkus dh ftEesnkjh dk;Zdkjh ,tsl a h dh gksrh gSA tc
ihl jsV dk vk/kkj gh vyx&vyx uirh vkSj vyx&vyx nke nsuk gS] rks lc
etnwjksa dks vkSlr etnwjh nsuk ljklj xyr gS vkSj bls ihl jsV ugha ekuk tk
ldrk gSA lEcfU/kr dk;ksZa esa ,d ugha pkj i[kokM+ksa rd vkSlre Hkqxrku gh
gksrk jgkA bl xaHkhj deh ds fy, dk;Zdkjh ,tsalh dh ftEesnkjh gS fd bu
ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Vkbe jsV etnwjh gh nh tkuh pkfg,A
• ;fn ihl jsV dh lgh uirh vkSj Hkqxrku dh O;oLFkk ugha cSB ldrh gS rks ge
pkgrs gSa fd leLr ujsxk dk;ksZa esa Vkbe jsV ls iSeVas gks vkSj ljdkj iwjk dk;Z
djokus dh ftEesnkjh ysaA
ge vHkh Hkh bl ekeys lfgr U;wure etnwjh lEcfU/kr dbZ ekeyksa esa /kjus esa cSBas
gS ,oa U;k; feyus rd gekjk lR;kxzg tkjh jgsxkA
Hkonh;
vfHk;ku dh vksj ls

Chapter 5
Section 2
fnukad % 12-10-10
Jheku~ v'kksd xgyksr
eq[;ea=h]
jktLFkku ljdkj
t;iqj
fo"k; % jktLFkku esa egkujsxk ds etnwjksa dks U;wure etnwjh nsus ds Øe esAa
egksn;]
tSlk fd vki dks Kkr gS fd ge fiNys nl fnuksa ls ujsxk etnwjksa dh U;wure

etnwjh ds gd ds fy, lR;kxzg djrs vk jgs gSAa tc ge vkils feys Fks rks vkius
gesa voxr djk;k Fkk fd vki dk lksp gS fd egkujsxk ds etnwjksa dks U;wure
etnwjh feyuh gh pkfg,] ysfdu budh etnwjh dsUnzh; ljdkj ls vkuh pkfg,A
ijUrq tc ge izeq[k 'kklu lfpo ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl foHkkx ds vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa ls
feys rks gesa vk’p;Z gqvk fd jkT; ljdkj us dsUnzh; ljdkj dks dksbZ vkxzg ugha
Hkstk gSA bl i= ds lkFk ge dsUnz ljdkj ds dqN nLrkostksa dks is’k dj jgs gSa
ftlesa dsUnzh; xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky; Hkkjr ljdkj ds vf/kdkfj;ksa dk ekuuk gS fd
MGNREGA ds dk;kZs esa U;wure etnwjh nsuk vfuok;Z gSSA ysfdu 100 #- ds Åij
dh jkf’k jkT; ljdkj dks gh nsuh iM+x
s hA

14 vxLr 2009 dks xzkeh.k fodkl
fodkl ea=ky; dh ,d cSBd esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds yscj
fMikVZeUs V us dgk gS fd dgha Hkh U;wure etnwjh ls de fdlh Hkh lwjr esa ugha
fn;k tkuk pkfg;sA de nsuk lafo/kku dk mYa?ku gSA
gks ldrk gS fd jkT; ljdkj dsUnz ds bl rdZ ls lger gS fd U;wure etnwjh rks
nsuh gh iM+x
s h ysfdu ujsxk esa 100 :i;s ls Åij dk fgLlk jkT; ljdkj ogu
djsxhA blfy, dsUnzh; ljdkj dks i= ugha Hkst jgh gSA
blds vykok ,d gh fodYi jgrk gS fd jkT; ljdkj vius vki dks U;wure
etnwjh dkuwu ls ijs ekurh gS vkSj jkT; esa U;wure etnwjh dkuwu dk mYa?ku u
dsoy gksus nsxh cfYd Lo;a gh djsxhA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ge pkgrs gS fd jkT;
ljdkj Li"V djsa fd ljdkj dk ekuuk gS fd jkT; esa etnwjksa dks U;wure etnwjh
dk gd ugha gSA
bu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa jktLFkku ds etnwj rks U;wure etnwjh ekaxus jkT; ljdkj ds
ikl vk,axAs ;fn mUgsa U;wure etnwjh ls de fn;k tk,xk rks oks jkT; ljdkj
}kjk U;wure etnwjh dkuwu dk mYya?ku gksxkA ge Li"V :i ls dguk pkgrs gSa fd
fdlh Hkh dk;Z esa U;wure etnwjh ls de nsuk valoS/kkfud gS vkSj ekuovf/kdkjksa dk
mYya?ku gSA U;wure etnwjh ls de etnwjh nsuk fdlh Hkh lwjr esa Lohdk;Z ugha gS
vkSj bl otg ls gekjk lR;kxzg tkjh jgsxkA
layXu&
• U;wure etnwjh ds eq}s ij Hkkjr ljdkj dh Qkby uksfVax ¼,fM’kuy lsØVs jh

,oa Qkbusfa 'k;y ,Mokbtj& vjfoUn ek;kjke½
ek;kjke
• lR;sUnz dqekj flag & Mk;jsDVj egkRek xka/kh ujsxk] dks vkU/kzizn's k ljdkj
dh fpB~Bh
Hkonh;
vfHk;ku dh vksj ls

Chapter 5
Section 3
fnukad % 14-10-10
Jheku~ v’kksd xgyksr

eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
t;iqj
fo"k; % egkREkk xak/kh jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj xkj.Vh dkuwu esa etnwjksa dks nsjh ls
Hkqxrku djus ij eqvkotk nsus ds Øe esa ljdkj ds }kjk vkns’k fudkyus ckcr~
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd egkREkk xak/kh jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k jkstxkj xkj.Vh dkuwu ds
'ksM~;y
w II /kkjk 30 ds rgr~ ;fn fdlh Hkh etnwj dks 15 fnu ds ckn Hkqxrku feys rks
mUgsa etnwjh Hkqxrku vf/kfu;e 1936 ds rgr~ Hkqxrku fn;k tkuk pkfg,A bl dkuwu
dh /kkjk 15¼3½ ds rgr~ gj etnwj dks de ls de 1500 #- vkSj vf/kdre 3000 #-
dk eqvkotk fn;k tkus ,oa ;fn ;g dk;Zokgh gksrs le; etnwjh pqdkbZ x;h gS rks
vf/kdre eqvkotk 2000 #- nsus dk izko/kku gSA
jktLFkku ljdkj dks fdlh u fdlh izkf/kdj.k dks fpfUgr djuk iM+x
s k tks bu ekeyksa
dh lquokbZ djds fuiVk;sA

bl vf/kfu;e ds rgr~ fpfUgr izkf/kdj.k dks 3 ekg ds vUnj lquokbZ djds ekeyk
fuiVkuk iM+x
s kA
tSls dh geus vkils 4 vDVwcj dh okrkZ esa crk;k] ;g izfØ;k >kj[kaM esa gks pqdh gSA
>kj[kaM esa jk"Vªifr 'kklu ds nkSjku jkT;iky ds dk;kZy; ls fudys vkns’k ¼4 twu
2009½ ds rgr~ ;g izfØ;k izkjaHk gqbZA bl dk;kZy; vkns’k esa Je foHkkx dks bu ekeyksa
dh lquokbZ djus ds funsZ’k fn,A [kwVa h ftys esa blds rgr~ ntZ fd, x, izFke izdj.k
esa 174 ujsxk etnwjksa dks 2000 #- izfr O;fDr eqvkotk fn;k x;kA bldh dqy jkf’k
3]48]000 #- cuhA blds lkFk&lkFk ujsxk dkuwu ds /kkjk 25 ds rgr~ lacfa /kr
vf/kdkfj;ksa ,oa deZpkfj;ksa ij 1000&1000 #- dk tqekZuk Hkh yxk;k x;kA
bldh otg ls iwjs jkT; esa nsjh ls gks jgs Hkqxrku esa dkQh lq/kkj gqvk vkSj lgh le;
ij Hkqxrku gksus yx x;kA
vkt blh /kjus esa dbZ mnkgj.k lkeus vk, tgka vHkh Hkh lSdM+ksa etnwjksa dks rhu&pkj
efguksa ls viuk Hkqxrku ugha feykA dqN ,sls Hkh mnkgj.k gS tgka etnwjksa dks ,d ls
nks lky rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA lacfa /kr izi= layXu gSA
blh jkT; esa gekjh tkudkjh esa nks mnkgj.k ¼HkhyokM+k ,oa Hkjriqj½ gS tgka ij Hkqxrku
esa foyEc gksus ds dkj.k etnwjksa dks C;kt lfgr Hkqxrku fd;k x;k rFkk nks"kh
vf/kdkfj;ks@
a deZpkfj;ksa ls ;g jkf’k olwyh xbZ tks Hkqxrku O;oLFkk lq/kkjus dh fn’kk esa
,d ljkguh; dne gSA gekjk vkils fuosnu gS fd blh izdkj dh O;oLFkk gj ftys esa
dh tk, tgka ftyk vf/kdkjh vius Lrj ij bl O;oLFkk dks lqfuf’pr dj ldsA
ge vkils vuqjks/k vkSj fuosnu djrs gSa fd vki xzkeh.k fodkl foHkkx ,oa Je foHkkx
dks funsZf’kr djsa fd os >kj[kaM dh rtZ ij etnwjksa dks nsjh ls Hkqxrku dk eqvkotk
fnykus dh O;oLFkk cSBk,A jkstxkj xkj.Vh dkuwu dks ykxw gq, ikap lky gksus okys gSAa

ge dbZ fnuksa ls ;s ekax djrs vk jgs gSAa gekjk fuosnu gS fd blesa vkSj foyEc ugha
gks vkSj jkstxkj xkj.Vh dkuwu ds izko/kkuksa dh ikyuk rqjar lqfuf’pr dh tk,A bldks
djus ls gesa ;g Hkh fo’okl gS fd izn’s k esa txg&txg ij Hkqxrku esa gks jgs foyEc esa
lq/kkj gksxk vkSj xjhc etnwjksa dks viuh etnwjh dk iSlk Hkh le; ij feysxkA
gekjk iwjk fo’okl gS fd mDr eqnn~ ksa ij vki rqjar dk;Zokgh djds lacfa /kr
foHkkx@vf/kdkfj;ksa dks funsZ’k tkjh djsx
a s ftlls ujsxk etnwjksa dks muds gd fey
ldsAa
Hkonh;
v#.kk jkW; vkj-Mh-O;kl fjpk vkSfnP; fuf[ky Ms
lwpuk ,oa jkstxkj dk vf/kdkj vfHk;ku

Chapter 5
Section 4
Jh eku fnukad& 18-10-10

Hkjr flag th
ea=h] iapk;r jkt ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl foHkkx
jktLFkku ljdkj
egksn;]
bl i= ds lkFk ge vkidks ujsxk ds rgr etnwjksa ds 10 gdksa dh okLrfodrk ds rF; iw.kZ vkadMs
lkSia jgs gSA blesa eq[; :i ls nsjh ls Hkqxrku dh leL;k o`gn :i esa fudydj vkbZ gSA
ge pkgrs gS fd bu leL;kvksa ij xaHkhjrk ls fopkj gks vkSj nsjh ls Hkqxrku ij lacfa /kr etnwjksa dks
rqjar gh fu;ekuqlkj C;kt@eqvkotk fn;k tk;sA
/kU;okn
Hkonh;
v:.kk jkW; fuf[ky Ms _pk vkj-Mh- O;kl js.kqdk ikespk

Chapter 5
Section 5
fnukad % 27-10-10
Jheku~ eq[; lfpo egksn;]
jktLFkku ljdkj]
t;iqj ¼jkt-½
fo"k; %& ca/kqvk etnwjh ls eqDr djus rFkk jkstxkj xkj.Vh ds gd lqfuf’pr djokus
ckcr~~A
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd u;kiqjk ¼vdysjk½ rglhy&fd’kuxat] ftyk&ckjka ls

izdk’k] lhrkjke] ey[kku rFkk lksuk ckbZ lgfj;k us t;iqj esa LVsPw ; lfdZy ij py
jgs *etnwj gd lR;kxzg* esa 26 vDVwcj 2010 dks vkdj crk;k fd muds ikl u rks
jk’ku dkMZ gS vkSj u gh tkWcdkMZ cus gq;s gSA ;g ifjokj dbZ o"kksZa ls {ks= ds ncax
fdlkuksa ds ;gk¡ ca/kqvk etnwjh djus ds fy;s vfHk’kIr gSA egksn; gekjh ekax gS fd
mijksDr lHkh ca/kqvk etnwjksa dks ca/kqvk etnwjh ls eqfDr fnykbZ tk;s rFkk ca/kqvk Je
djok jgs yksxksa ds fo:) ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ dj dM+h dk;Zokgh dh tk;sA
Jheku] lwpuk vkSj jkstxkj dk vf/kdkj vfHk;ku us jkstxkj xkj.Vh ds lHkh 10 gdksa
dks lqfuf’pr djus dh ckj&ckj ekax dh gS] D;ksfa d gekjk ekuuk gS fd vxj lcdks

tkWcdkMZ feys rFkk ekaxus ij dke fn;k tk;s rks ca/kqvk etnwjh ij Lor% gh ikcanh yx
ldrh gSA vr% vki jkT; esa jkstxkj xkj.Vh dkuwu ds lHkh 10 gdksa dh ikyuk
lqfuf’pr djkosa rFkk u;kiqjk ¼vdysjk½ ds mijksDr of.kZr yksxksa dks ca/kqvk etnwjksa ls
eqDr djkosAa
dk;Zokgh dh vis{kk lfgr]

lknj A
layXu %
1- izdk’k] lhrkjke] ey[kku rFkk lksuk ckbZ lgfj;k dk i=
Hkonh;
izfrfyfi %
1- izeq[k 'kklu lfpo] Je ea=ky;] jktLFkku ljdkj] t;iqj

Chapter 5
Section 6
fnukad % 27-10-10
Jheku~ eq[; lfpo

jktLFkku ljdkj]
t;iqj
fo"k; %& ca/kqvk etnwjh ls eqfDr fnyokus ,oa jk’ku dkMZ o tkWc dkMZ cuokus ckcr~A
egksn;]
izkFkhZ;k lksuk ckbZ iRuh eFkjk yky] mez 53 o"kZ] tkfr lgjh;k vkfnoklh] xkao&u;kiqjk
¼vdysjk½ iapk;r jkuh cM+kns ] iapk;r lfefr fd’kuxat] ftyk ckjka esa 10 o"kZ ls ifr
o ifjokj ds lkFk jg jgh g¡Aw esjs rhu csV]s mudh cgq,a ,oa 2 csfV o muds nkekn ds
lkFk ;gk¡ 10 o"kZ igys [ksrksa esa xsgw¡ dh Qly dkVus dh etnwjh ds fy, ifr ,oa
ifjokj ds lkFk vkbZA esjs ifr dk iq’rsuh xkao lqcdjk iapk;r djkj ftyk ';ksiqj]
e/;izn’s k dks NksMd + j u;kiqjk ¼vdysjk½ esa cl xbZA esjs ifr ds iq’rsuh xkao esa u
tehu gS vkSj u gh thus dk lgkjkA vkt esjs iwjs ifjokj ds ikl 10 o"kkZas ls ,d txg
jgrs gq, Hkh u jk’ku dkMZ gS vkSj u gh tkWc dkMZ gSA tc Hkh iapk;r esa x;s rc rc
;g dgdj euk dj fn;k fd rqe bl xkao ds jgus okys ugha gksA
vkt esjs nks csVs ,oa ,d nkekn ca/kqvk etnwjh ds fy, etcwj gSA iwjk ifjokj Hkw[k dh
dxkj ij [kM+k gSA

ca/kqvk etnwjh djus okys dk fooj.k &
Ø-la- ca/kqvk etnwj dk fdlds ikl fdruk dc fy;k D;k r; D;k nsrk gS
uke ca/kqvk gS dtZ fd;k
fd;k
1- izdk'k iq= galjkt /kkdM+] 4000 #- 5 o"kZ iwoZ 1500 #- 25 fdyks xsgw¡ izfr ekg] dHkh
izgykn vdysjk] r- efguk 200 dHkh 500 #- izfr ekg
fd’kuxat]
pkSFkey /kkdM+] 11000 7 ekg 11 ekg 20 fdyks xsgw¡ izfr ekg o 300
xkao&ferh;kbZ #- iwoZ ds ckn #- izfr ekg fn;s] 23 vDVwcj
20]000 2010 dks ihVkbZ dh rks Hkkx
¼ftlds ikl #- nks dj vk x;k cksyrk gS 25]000
Hkst fn;k x;k½
#- tek djkvks
2- lhrkjke iq= tqxykjkt 10]000 5 o"kZ iwoZ dqN ugha 25 fdyks xsgw¡ izfrekg] 500 #-
eFkjk yky /kkdM+] izfr ekg
xkao&vdysjk]
r-&fd’kuxat
3- ey[kku iq= tqEek pkpk] 5]000 5 o"kZ iwoZ dqN ugha 25 fdyks xsgw¡ izfrekg] 500 #-
eFkjkyky xkao&vdysjk] izfr ekg
r-&fd’kuxat
lhrkjke o ey[kku vkt Hkh ca/kqvk gS viuh ejth ls nwljh txg dke ij ugha tk
ldrs] buds ifjokj dk uk jk’ku dkMZ gS vkSj uk gh tkWc dkMZ cuk gSA izdk’k chekj
gksus ls ?kj vk x;k] mldks 23 vDVwcj 2010 dks ?kj cqykdj galjkt o pkSFkey us
fiVkbZ dh vkSj dgk 25]000 #- tek djkvks ojuk rqEgkjh iRuh dks gekjs ikl NksM+
tkvks ge blls dtZ pqd ysaxAs
dì;k fuosnu gS fd esjs ifjokj dk esjk jk’ku dkMZ o tkWc dkMZ cuokus ds vkns’k
djkosa rFkk esjs nkekn izdk’k iq= izgykn dks ca/kqvk etnwjh ls eqDr djkosa ,oa 23
vDVwcj 2010 dks izdk’k ds lkFk ekjihV djus dk eqdnek ntZ djkosAa vdysjk Fkkus esa
fjiksVZ ntZ djokbZ ysfdu dksbZ dk;Zokgh ugha dh xbZA lhrkjke o ey[kku tks fd esjs
iq= gS bUgs Hkh ca/kqvk etnwjh ls eqDr djokus rFkk blds ifjokj ds tkWcdkMZ o jk’ku
dkMZ cuokus ds vkns’k djkosAa
dUgS;kyky iq= ghjkyky esjk nkekn gS bldk Hkh tkWcdkMZ o jk’ku dkMZ cuokus fd
vuqefr fnyokbZ tk;sA
Hkonh;
izdk'k iq= izgykn xhrk iRuh izdk’k lksuk ckbZ iRuh eFkjk yky
xkao&u;k
&u;kiqjk] iapk;r&jkuh cM+kns ] iapk;r lfefr&fd’kuxat] ftyk&ckjka
izfrfyfi&
1- ize[q k 'kklu lfpo] Je foHkkx] jktLFkku ljdkj
2- dysDVj] ckjka

Chapter 5
Section 7
fnukad % 28-10-10
Jh lh-
lh-ih-
ih-tks’kh th
iapk;rhjkt ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl ea=h
Hkkjr ljdkj
egksn; th]
2 vDVwcj 2010 ls LVsP;w ldZy] t;iqj esa etnwjksa ds gd vkSj vf/kdkjksa dh lqj{kk dks
ysdj ^êtnwj gd lR;kxzg** py jgk gSA ftles eq[; :i gekjh izeq[k ekaxs
fuEukuqlkj gS&
• egkRek xka/kh ujsxk ds etnwjksa lfgr leLr etnwjksa dh etnwjh 200 #- izfrfnu
dh tk;sA vHkh gky esa gh vkius jkT; dh U;wure etnwjh 135 :i;s dh gS
ysfdu bl U;wure etnwjh dks ujsxk ds etnwjksa ls ckgj j[kuk fcYdqy gh
vekuoh;] vlaoS/kkfud vkSj xSj U;kf;d gSA
• U;wure etnwjh dks egaxkbZ ls tksM+k tk;s rkfd tSls &tSls egaxkbZ c<+]s etnwj
dh Hkh etnwjh vius vki c<+As
• egkujsxk ls tqMs+ Ektnwjh dk Hkqxrku dkuwu ds izko/kku ds vuqlkj 15 fnu esa

vo’; fd;k tk;s vU;Fkk etnwj dks eqvkotk fn;k tk;sA eqvkotk ysus ds fy;s
,d iwjh O;oLFkk fcBkbZ tk;sA
• ;fn VkLd **ihl jsV** ls etnwjh nh tk jgh gS rks vyx&vyx urih ,oa
mlds vk/kkj ij Hkqxrku dh O;oLFkk dks lqfuf’pr djuk ljdkj dh ftEesnkjh
gS ftu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa gj lewg dk uki fudkydj dke ds vuqlkj Hkqxrku ugha
fd;k tk jgk gS ogka Vkbe jsV ls Hkqxrku nsuk vfrvko’;d gS
• ihl jsV esa ;fn U;wure etnwjh ls de pqdkjk fn;k tk jgk gS rks T;knk dekus
dk ekSdk feyuk pkfg;s rHkh jkT; dk vkSlru etnwjh U;wure etnwjh ds djhc
gksxk
• vkt jkT; dk 75 #i;s vkSlr etnwjh vius vki esa Li"V djrk gS fd U;wure
etnwjh dkuwu dk xaHkhj mYya?ku gks jgk gS ;gka rd fd etnwjksa dks 1]2]7]9]12
#i;s vkfn Hkh vkSlru fn;k tk jgk gS
• ge mu leLr txgksa esa Vkbe jsV ls pqdkjs dh ekax djrs gS tgka vkSlru
etnwjh ds vk/kkj ij U;wure etnwjh ls de fn;k x;k gSA ;fn dke esa deh gS
rks mldh ftEesnkjh dk;Zdkjh ,tsUlh dh gSA
• ljdkj vius deZpkfj;ksa ds osru r; djus ds fy;s vius [kqn ds vf/kdkfj;ksa ds
lnL;rk dk osru vk;ksx xfBr djrk gSA lkaln o fo/kk;d vius orsu [kqn
r; djrs gSAa mPp U;k;ky; ,oa loksZPp U;k;ky vius U;k;k/kh’kksa ds osru r;
djr gSAa vr% ns’k ds lcls xjhc yksxksa ds ikl [kqn dk vk;ksx cukus ds
vykok dksbZ pkjk ugha gSA U;wure etnwjh ls tqM+s bu leLr eqn~nksa ds fy;s ge
etnwjh dk tu vk;ksx LFkkfir dj jgs gSA blesa ge etnwjksa ds vykok lekt
ds vyx&vyx oxksZa ds yksxksa dks Hkh tksM+saxsA ge pkgrs gSa fd ljdkj Hkh bl
etnwj tu vk;ksx esa vius izfrfuf/k HkstAsa
• lkekftd vads{k.k ns’k ds izR;sd ukxfjd ds fy, [kqyk gks] ljdkj xzke lHkkvksa
esa okLrfod vad{s k.k djok,a rFkk mlesa lcdks 'kkfey djsAa iapk;r jkTk foHkkx
ds lkFk vU; foHkkx dk Hkh lkekftd vad{s k.k gksA
• ;g lkfcr gks pqdk gS fd egkujsxk us xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds xjhc o oafpr oxZ dks
jkstxkj ds volj fn;s gS rFkk xkaoksa esa mi;ksxh ifjlaifRr;ka l`ftr gqbZ gS]
iyk;u :dk gS vkSj xjhch de gks jgh gS] ,sls esa ;g t#jh gS fd dke ds fnu
c<+k, vkSj orZeku esa fn;s tk jgs 100 fnu ds dke dsk c<+kdj 200 fnu dj
fn;k tk;sA
• ge y?kq ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa ds fy;s Hkh mudh tehu] [kkn] cht] ikuh] fctyh]
_.k] chek rFkk [kjhn ewY; dk jkT; esa ,d ,slh uhfr dk fu/kkZj.k dh ekax
djrs gS ftlls muds gdksa dh j{kk gks lds vkSj os lEeku ls viuk xqtkjk dj
ldsAa bl fn’kk esa ge blh lR;kxzg ds nkSjku ,d fdlku tu vk;ksx dk xBu
djsxsa tks bu eq}ksa ij fopkj foe’kZ djsxAsa ge pkgsxsa fd vkids izfrfuf/k Hkh bl
tu vk;ksx esa 'kkfey gksAa
• etnwjksa dks laxfBr gksdj viuh ckr dgus dk gd feysA jkT; esa ujsxk etnwjksa
dh ;wfu;u dks iathd`r fd;k tk;sA

• ljdkjh vf/kdkjh@deZpkfj;ksa ds tSls gh etnwjksa dks Hkh cq<+kis esa is’a ku
¼lEekutud½ feysA
vk'kk gS fd vki mijksDr ekaxks ij xEHkhjrkiwoZd fopkj djsx

a As rFkk etnwjksa ds fgr esa
fu.kZ; dj ikjnf’kZrk lqfuf’pr djsx a s rkfd egkujsxk tSls egRoiw.kZ dk;ZØe dks
Hkz"Vkpkj ls cpk;k tk lds vkSj etnwjksa ds thou Lrj dk mij mBk;k tk ldsA
bUgh vis{kkvksa ds lkFk
Hkonh;
v#.kk jkW; fuf[ky Ms js.kqdk ikespk
uohu ukjk;.k t;flag tknksu _pk vkSfnP; HkWoj es?koa’kh gfjvksea

lksuh
lwpuk ,oa jkstxkj dk vf/kdkj vfHk;ku dh vksj ls

Chapter 5
Section 8
fnukad 28-10-2010
Jh v’kksd xgyksr
eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
fo"k;% ca/kqvk etnwjh ds lac/a k esa 28-10-2010 ds nSfud HkkLdj ds i`"B la[;k 10 ij
ckjka ftys ds dyDVj ds xSj ftEesnkjkuk oDrO; ds lac/a k esAa
ekU;oj]
ljdkjh vf/kdkjh xjhcksa dh O;Fkk ds izfr fdrus vlaons u’khy gS]a bldk uewuk
ckjka ds dyDVj Jh uohu tSu dk v[kckj esa Nik oDrO; gSA
;g iw.kZr;k lR; gS fd ckjka ftys esa xjhch bruh T;knk gS fd ml xjhc dks
jksVh [kkus ds fy, u tkus D;k&D;k djuk iM+rk gSA blh dk ifj.kke gS fd tks O;fDr
ogka 10 lky ls jg jgs gaS] tSl&s tSls xqtj clj dj jgs gSAa u mudk jk’ku dkMZ vkSj
u tkWc dkMZ cuk;k tkrk gSA ifj.kkeLo:i mUgsa ca/kqvk etnwj cuuk iM+rk gSA bl
ckr dk le>us ds ctk, dyDVj lkgc migkl dj jgs gSa fd vxj og ca/kqvk etnwj
gS rks /kjus ij dSls vk;k\ yxrk gS mUgsa u rks ca/kqvk etnwjh fuokj.k dkuwu 1976 dk
Kku gS vkSj u gh yksxksa dh NViVkgV o xjhch ls mudk dksbZ okLRkk gSA muds oDrO;
dh ge fuank djrs gSa vkSj vkids ekQZr ;g lwpuk pkgrs gSa fd xjhcksa dh etcwjh dk
migkl u djas vkSj fLFkfr esa cnyko ds fy, dke djsAa
ge ckjka esa ca/kqvk eqfDr ds fy, cuh lrZdrk lfefr dh rhu lky dh fjiksVZ
dks Hkh lkoZtfud djus dh ea’kk djrs gaSA

vk’kk gS fd ca/kqvk etnwjksa dks rqjUr eqDr djkdj muds iquZOkkl dh O;oLFkk
djsx
a As muds tkWc dkMZ o jk’ku dkMZ cuok,axs vkSj mUgsa chih,y dh leLr lqfo/kk,a
iznku djsxa As
vkHkkj lfgr
fuf[ky Ms js.kqdk ikespk 'kadj flag

Chapter 5
Section 9
Jh eku rUe; dqekj fnukad& 8-

8-11-
11-10
vk;qDr ,oa
,oa 'kklu lfpo] bZth,l
jktLFkku ljdkj
egksn;]
jktLFkku Hkj ls etnwj 2 vDVwcj ls yxkrkj lR;kxzg ij cSBs gSAa lR;kxzg dk vkt 38 oka fnu gS
vkSj bu fnuksa esa geus vkids foHkkx ,oa ljdkj dks dbZ eqn~nksa vkSj leL;kvksa rFkk uhfr;ksa lacfa /kr
i= lkSis gSA dqN&dqN phtksa esa vki ds foHkkx }kjk dk;Zokgh Hkh dh tk jgh gS tSlk fd geus
jkefuokl esgrk th ls feydj tkukA ysfdu vHkh Hkh dbZ fcUnqvksa ij foHkkxh; funsZ’k ,oa Li"Vrk
vko’;d gS] ftlds fy;s ge vkisf{kr gSA oks bl izdkj gSA
1- lwpuk ,oa jkstxkj dk vf/kdkj vfHk;ku }kjk jkT; dh U;wure etnwjh nj dks dkuwuu
ujsxk etnwjksa dks Hkh Hkh nsus gsrq dbZ i= lkSis gSA gesa tkudkjh esa gS fd vkids foHkkx
,oa eq[;ea=h th }kjk dsUnz dks bl ckcr i= Hkh izfs "kr fd;s x;s gSA ysfdu vHkh rd
gesa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk fyf[kr tckc vki }kjk ugha feyk gSA dì;k orZeku ifjfLFkfr
ls ges voxr djk;sAa ¼layXu& 1½
2- xqnfy;k] Vksd
as okys ekeys esa rks ljdkj }kjk gh tkap dh xbZ vkSj geus vkidks i= o
foLr`r fooj.k ds lkFk&lkFk lacfa /kr ,bZ,u ds c;ku dh dkWih Hkh lkSih gS ftlesa
lkQ&lkQ og nks"kh lkfcr gks jgk gSA ge vk’p;Z tud gS fd brus xaHkhj vkSj lkfcr
gks pqds izdj.k esa vki }kjk dk;Zokgh D;ksa ugha gqbZ gSA vxj dk;Zokgh ugh gksrh gS rks
fuf’pr gh vU; txgksa ij bl izdkj ds vkSj Hkh izdj.k lkeus vk;sxsa vkSj
vfu;ferrkvksa dks jksduk Hkh eq’fdy gks tk;sxkA ¼layXu& 2½
3- geus vkidks vyx&vyx ftyksa esa ujsxk ds Hkqxrku esa gks jgh nsjh dh foLr`r tkudkjh
ds lkFk etnwjksa dh vftZ;ka vkSj i= lkSis FksA ge pkgrs gS fd :ds gq;s Hkqxrku rqjra
izHkko djk;s tk;s rFkk dkuwuu eqvkotk Hkh fnyk;k tk;sA ftlds fy;s jkT; ljdkj
}kjk fu;e cukdj Li"V vkns’k Hkh tkjh fd;s tk;sAa ¼layXu&3 Xu&3½
4- gekjs }kjk vkidks 31 iapk;rksa esa gqbZ fo’ks"k vkWfMV esas ik;s x;s nks"kh O;fDr;ksa ds
f[kykQ dk;Zokgh vkSj xcu dh xbZ jkf’k dh olwyh djus ds fy;s i= o vkadM+ksa dh
'khV lkSih xbZ Fkh A fopkj djus okyh ckr gS fd [kqn ljdkj us gh yxHkx 6 djksM+
dh vfu;ferrk,a fudkyh ysfdu dk;Zokgh ugha dj ik jgh gSA rc xzke lHkk }kjk
lkekftd vads{k.k esa mtkxj vfu;ferrkvksa ij dk;Zokgh dSls gksxhA ¼layXu&4 Xu&4½
5- geus vkids foHkkx dks 5 dysDVjksa }kjk ujsxk esa dh xbZ vfu;ferrkvksa lac/a kh foLr`r
fooj.k lkSik FkkA bu ij dk;Zokgh gsrq iapk;r jkt ea=h o iwoZ vk;qDr] bZth,l }kjk
dk;Zokgh gsrq flQkfj’ksa Hkh dh gS ysfdu vkt fnu rd dk;Zokgh vkisf{kr gSA
¼layXu&5
Xu&5½
6- gekjs }kjk dbZ ckj ujsxk dk;ZLFkyksa esa jkT; ljdkj ds funsZ’kksZ ds vuq:i uirh
O;oLFkk dk mYya?ku djus okyksa ds f[kykQ l[r dk;Zokgh djus gsrq vusdks i= lkSis
gSA
vusd mnkgj.kksa ls Li"V gksrk gS fd jkT; ljdkj] 5&5 ds lewg ds vuq:i uirh
vkSj lewgokj Hkqxrku nsus dh O;oLFkk dks ykxw djus esa vlQy gks jgh gSA ysfdu bl
O;OkLFkk dks fuf’pr gh etcwr cuk;k tk ldrk gS ;fn bl izdkj dk vkns’k fudys
fd Hkqxrku lewg okj uirh ds vuqlkj gh gksxs ;fn Hkqxrku lewg okj ugh ga ks]a rks iwjh
U;wure etnwjh vFkkZr Vkbe jsV ls Hkqxrku gksxkA fuf’pr gh bl vkns’k dk izHkko
uirh O;oLFkk dks etcwrh iznku djus okyk gksxkA
7- gekjs }kjk vkidks ,d i= fodykax O;fDr;ksa ls lacfa /kr Hkh lkSik x;k gS ftlesa ujsxk
esa fodykax O;fDr;ksa ds fy;s dke fo’ks"k o vyx tkWc dkMZ dh O;oLFkk dh tkuk
vkisf{kr gSA bl gsrq jkT; ljdkj }kjk Li"V vkns’k tkjh fd;s tk;sA rkfd mudh
lkekftd o [kk| lqj{kk lqfuf’pr gks lds lkFk gh og etnwjh ds gd dks Hkh izkIr dj
ldsA ¼layXu&6 Xu&6½
8- >kykokM+ vkSj HkhyokMk= esa laiU*u lkekftd vad{s k.k ftlesas vusd izdkj dh
vfu;ferrk;sa vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj mtkxj gq;]s mudh f’kdk;rsa vkSj tkap Hkh gqbAZ ljdkj
}kjk tkap esa ekeys fl) Hkh gq;]s ysfdu vkt fnu rd fdlh Hkh izdkj dh dk;Zokgh
ugh gqbAZ bl izdkj dh <+hy ls nksf"k;ksa esa u rks Hk; iSnk gks jgk gS u gh turk esa
lkekftd vads{k.k tSlh izfd s z;k esa fo’oklA
9- jkT; ljdkj ds funsZ’kkuqlkj izR;sd iapk;r esa Je lkexzh dk fooj.k nhoky isfUVax ds
ek/;e ls iznf’kZr gksuh FkhA vxLr 2010 rd o"kZ 08&09 ,oa 09&10 dh lwpuk;sa isUV
gks tkuh FkhA ysfdu gekjs }kjk vkidks dbZ i=ksa ds ek/;e ls crk;k fd vusdksa txg
lwpuk;sa ugha fy[kh xbZa gS] ;fn lwpuk;sa isUV Hkh gqbZ gS rks os vLi"V] v/kwjh] Hkzked ,oa
lkexzh dh lwpuk;s arks vaxzth bdkbZ es fy[kh xbZ gSA tSl& s ¼iRFkj 40 CFT vkfn½A bl
fo"k; dks xaHkhjrk ls ysdj dk;Zokgh vkisf{kr gSA
10- jkT; Hkj esa vxLr ekg esa lkekftd vad{s k.k vk;ksftr gq;s ysfdu ;s vad{s k.k u rks
fu;ekuqlkj gq;s vkSj u gh izHkkoh :i ls gq;s gSAa bl izdkj ds lkekftd vads{k.k u gh
ikjnf’kZrk dks LFkkfir djrs gS vkSj u gh tckcnsgh dksA geus vkidks fofHkUu ftyksa esa
gq;s vad{s k.kksa dh okLrfodrk i=ksa ds ek/;e ls crkbZ FkhAs ^^jktLFkku iapk;rh jkt jkt
vf/kfu;e] 1994 ¼lalksf/kr½**] ftlesa Li"V fy[kk gqvk gS fd okMZ lHkkvksa esa lkekftd
vads{k.k gksxkaA lkFk gh okMZ lHkk esa gh dk;ksZ dh ;kstuk] ,sLVhesV cukuk vkSj ;wlh ,oa
lhlh tkjh gksxhaA dkuwu esa fy[ks bl egRoiw.kZ Hkkx dks xaHkhjrk ls ykxw fd;k tk;sA
¼layXu&7
Xu&7½
11- geus vkidks iapk;rksa esa ljiapkas }kjk lkexzh [kjhn ds fojks/k esa i= lkSik gSA gekjk
ekuuk gS fd iqjkus vuqHkoksa ls lh[krs gq;s gesa iapk;r lfefr }kjk [kjhn dh izfØ;k dks
gh cgky j[kuk pkfg;sA vkSj ljiapksa dks fuxjkuh djus ds fy;s izfs jr djuk pkfg;sA
12- jkT; ljdkj ds fnukad 2-10-10 ds vkns’k dz- bz 2¼69½ ds vuqlkj ljiapksa dks LFkk;h
vfxze jkf’k 500 :- dh lhek dks c<+kdj 10]000 :- dj nh xbZ gSA gesa yxrk gS f

dbl izdkj dk fu.kZ;] iwoZ esa ljiapksa }kjk dh xbZ vfu;ferrkvksa dks utjankt dj ds
fy;k x;k gSA ,oa mu yksxksa dh ekax ij fd;k x;k gS tks iSlksa dk vkSj nqiZ;ksx djuk
pkgrs gSA ¼layXu&8 vkns’k dh dkWih½
13- ckajk ftys esa ca/kqvk etnwjksa ls lacfa /kr izdj.kksa ij ljdkj dks fyf[kr i= lkSik Fkk
lkFk gh ca/kqvk etnwjksa ds uke vkSj mudk 'kks"k.k djus okyksa ds uke vkidks lkSis FksA
mu yksxksa ds tkWc dkMZ rks cu x;s ysfdu mudks ljiap }kjk Mjk;k /kedk;k tk jgk
gSAa ogka ds izHkkoh yksxksa us vkVk pDdh okyksa ;k vU; lqfo/kk okyksa dks dg j[kk gS fd
bu yksxksa dk dksbZ Hkh dke ugha djukA vc os 16 ifjokj dkQh eqf’dyksa dk lkeuk
dj jgs gSA
fopkj djus okyh ckr rks ;g gS fd ckjk dysDVj bu yksxksa dks ca/kqvk etnwj ekuus dks
rS;kj ugha gS u gh muds f[kykQ fdlh Hkh izdkj dh dk;Zokgh gks jgh gS tks blds
fy;s fTkEesnkj gSA vkils vkxzg gS fd bl eqnn~ s dks xaHkhjrk ls ys vkSj vU; tks ifjokj
ca/kqvk etnwjksa dk thou xqtkj jgs gS mUgs Hkh eqDr djkus gsrq dM+s dne mBk;sA
¼layXu&9
Xu&9 ]½]½
bl lR;kxzg esa lHkh xjhc yksx vius&vius ?kjks]a cPpks]a eosf’k;ksa vkSj [ksrh ckM+h dks NksMd
+ j
bl vkl esa cSBs gS fd ljdkj etnwjksa dh fgrS"kh gS vkSj mUkds thou thus ds laoS/kkfud gdksa
dh lqj{kk djsxhA
vk’kk gS fd vki bl i= esa 'kkfey ,d&,d fcUnq dks xaHkhjrk ls ysxsa vkSj lcls xjhc etnwjksa
dks U;k; fnykus esa enn djsx]sa lkFk gh vkisf{kr dk;Zokfg;ka Hkh djsxAsa
lg;ksx dh vis{kk ds lkFk-----------------------
Hkonh;
leLr etnwj gd lR;kxzgh] jktLFkku
fuf[ky Ms eksrhyky 'kadj flag gfjvkse lksuh

,oa vfHk;ku ds vU; lkFkh

Chapter 5
Section 10

Chapter 5
Section 11
Jheku v’kksd xgyksr th fnukad& 9-

9-11-
11-10
eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
egksn;]
tSlk fd vki tkurs gS fd etnwjksa ds gdksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s] LVsP;w lfdZy ij 2 vDVwcj
ls etnwj gd lR;kxzg tkjh gSA vkt lR;kxzg dk 39 oka fnol gSA vkSj gekjs ikl vHkh rd bl
izdkj dk vk’oklu ughza vk;k gS ftlls ge larfq "V iwoZd /kjus ls mB ldsAa
ge tkurs gS fd vkius leku U;wure etnwjh feys vkSj mls egaxkbZ ls tksM+k tk;s] bl
fo"k; dks xaHkhjrk ls fy;k vkSj iz/kkuea=h th dks vkxzg i= HkstkA blds fy;s ge vkidks /kU;okn
nsrs gSA
blds vykok tks phts jkT; Lrj ls gh gy gksuh gS mu ij Hkh xaHkhjrk ls fopkj dj
fuLrkj.k gsrq ge vHkh Hkh vkisf{kr gSA ge lacfa /kr foHkkxh; vf/kdkfj;ksa ls Hkh fey jgs gSA ysfdu
vHkh Hkh cgqr Li"V rjhds ls u rks gesa ekSf[kd@fyf[kr tckc feyk gS u gh dk;Zokfg;ka gks jgh
gSA tcfd dqN ekeys rks ljdkj }kjk gh tkap dj fl) ik;s x;s gSA
ge iqu% dqN fcUnqvksa ij vkidk /;ku vkdf"kZr djuk pkgrs gSA
• ikjnf'kZrk& lwpuk ds vf/kdkj dkuwu] fuf’pr gh ikjnf’kZrk vkSj tckcnsgh LFkkfir djus
ds fy;s ,d l’kDr ek/;e gSA vkSj fcuk blds ,d LoPN O;oLFkk dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh
tk ldrh gSA

dkuwu dh /kkjk 4 ds vuqlkj] foHkkx dh leLr tkudkfj;ka lkoZtfud :i ls [kqyh gksuh
pkfg;sA ysfdu jkT; Hkj eas 'kk;n gh dksbZ foHkkx gks tgka bl egRoiw.kZ /kkjk dks vey esa
yk;k x;k gksA bl /kkjk ds ykxw gksrs gh] fuf’pr gh vkosnu djus okyksa dh la[;k esa deh
vk;sxh vkSj vke turk dk lg;ksx iz’kklfud dk;ksZa esa gksus yxsxkA
& ujsxk ds rgr Je lkexzh dk lai.w kZ fooj.k lkoZtfud :i ls nhokyksa ij isUV gks]a ]
ftlds fy;s jkT; ljdkj ls vusdksa ckj l[r vkns’k fudys gS] mu ij dbZ iapk;rksa dh
f’kdk;rsa geus lacfa /kr foHkkxksa dks lkSih gSA ftlesa lwpuk;sa & v/kwjh] vLi"V vkSj Hkzked fy[kh
xbZa gSA ftu ij dk;Zokgh vkisf{kr gSA
• U;w
;wure etnwjh dks eagxkbZ ls tks tkMs &
s+ jkT; dh U;wure etnwjh dks ^^miHkks
miHkksDrk ewY;
lwpdkada ** ls tksM+k tk;s
tk; rkfd tSl&s tSls eagxkbZ c<+]s oSl&
s oSls U;wure etnwjh dh nj Hkh
c<+As ftlls ckj&ckj etnwjksa dks mudh etnwjh c<+kus ds fy;s la?k"kZ ;k vkanksyu u djus
iM+As
• ujsxk etnwj ;wfu;u&jktLFkku
u;u& ljdkj us ujsxk etnwjksa dh ;wfu;u dks jftLVMZ djus ls
euk fd;k gSA fuf’pr gh ;g etnwjksa ds gd ij vk?kkr gS lkFk gh vlaoS/kkfud gSA
iatkc] if’pe caxky] dsjy vkfn jkT;ksa esa ujsxk etnwjksa dh ;wfu;u jftLVMZ gks pqdh gSA
dì;k bl ij fopkj djsAa ¼Li"Vhdj.k
Li"Vhdj.k layXu& 1½
• xqnfy;k esa 1 :-
:- dk pqdkjk& xqnfy;k ftyk Vksd a okys ekeys esa vHkh rd fdlh Hkh izdkj
dh dk;Zokgh ugh dh xbZ gSA u rks etnwjksa dks mudh esgur dk iwjk iSlk feyk gS vkSj u
gh fl) gks pqds nks"kh deZpkfj;ksa ds f[kykQ dk;Zokgh gks jgh gSA
• fo’ks
fo’ks"k vkWfMV& jkT; ljdkj }kjk 31 iapk;rksa esa fo’ks"k vkWfMV dj yxHkx 6 djksM dh
fjdojh vkSj dk;Zofg;ka izLrkfor dh xbZ FkhA ysfdu 'kq:vkr esa gh dsoy 80 yk[k ds
yxHkx fjdojh gks ikbZ gS 'ks"k ugha gqbZ gSA ¼layXu& 2½
• nsjh ls Hkqxrku ij eqvkotk& jkT; Hkj eas ujsxk dk Hkqxrku vkSlru 2 ls 3 ekg es ga ks jgk
gS tcfd dkuwuu Hkqxrku 7 ls 15 fnuksa esas gks tkuk pkfg;s] ugh arks eqvkotk feyus dk
izko/kku dkuwu esa fn;k gSA ge pkgrs gS fd eqvkots ds izko/kku dh izfØ;k vkSj fu;e
cukdj] bl O;oLFkk dks etcwrh ls ykxw djkosAa >kj[kaM esa bl O;OkLFkk dks ykxw djrs gh
Hkqxrku esa gks jgh nsjh esa deh ns[kh tk ldrh gSA
• c/kaqvk etnwj & ckjk ftys es ca/kqvk etnwjh dk izdj.k] ftls vkids le{k j[kk Fkk] ml ij
vkaf’kd dk;Zokgh rks gqbZ gS tSl& s tkWc dkMZ ;k chih,y dkMZ cuukA yfs du ftyk dysDVj
ds vuqlkj os ca/kqvk etnwj u gksdj gkyh gSA
tcfd Kkr gS fd ca/kqvk etnwj vf/kfu;e esa Li"V gS fd gkyh ds :i esa dke
djkuk Hkh ca/kqvk etnwjh ds nk;js esa vkrk gSA ;fn bUgs ca/kqvk etnwj ?kksf"kr ugha
fd;k tk;sxk rks fu;ekuqlkj feyus okyh jkgr ls os lHkh oafpr jg tk;sxAsa

fQygky mu 16 ifjokjksa dks Mjk;k vkSj /kedk;k tk jgk gS lkFk gh Hkkafr&Hkkafr izdkj ls
ijs’kku Hkh fd;k tk jgk gSA tSl&
s pDdh esa vkVk ugha ihluk] gS.Miai u yxus nsuk vkfnA
• iapk;rksa esa vfxze jkf’k& jkT; ljdkj ds fnukad 2-10-10 ds vkns’k Ø- 2 ¼69½ ds vuqlkj
ljiapksa dks LFkk;h vfxze jkf’k 500 :- dh lhek ls c<+kdj 10]000 :- dj nh xbZ gSA gessa
yxrk gS fd bl izdkj dk fu.kZ;] iwoZ esa ljiapksa }kjk dh xbZ vfu;ferrkvksa dks utjankt
dj ds fy;k x;k gSA ,oa mu yksxks dh ekax ij fd;k x;k gS tks iSlksa dk vkSj nqi; Z ksx
djuk pkgrs gSA
bl lR;kxzg esa lHkh xjhc yksx vius&vius ?kjks]a cPpks] eosf’k;ksa vkSj [ksrksa dks NksMd
+ j bl vkl esa
cSBs gS fd ljdkj etnwjksa dh fgrS"kh gS vkSj muds thou thus ds laoS/kkfud gdksa dh lqj{kk djsxhA
vk’kk gS fd vki bl i= esa 'kkfey ,d&,d fcUnq dks xaHkhjrk ls ysxsa vkSj lcls xjhc etnwjksa dks
U;k; fnykus esa enn djsxsa lkFk gh vkisf{kr dk;Zokfg;ka Hkh djsxAsa
lg;ksx dh vis{kk ds lkFk------------------------ Hkonh;

leLr etnwj gd lR;kxzzgh] jktLFkku
v:.kk jkW; 'kadj flag eksrh yky gfjvksea lksuh
,oa lwpuk ,oa jkstxkj dk vf/kdkj vfHk;ku ds leLr lkfFk;ksa dh vksj ls

Chapter 5
Section 12
9 November 2010
Mr. Manohar Kant,
Principal Secretary,
Labour and Employment
Government of Rajasthan
Dear Sir,
Sub: In relation to the order refusing registration of “the Rajasthan Rojgar Guarantee
Majdoor Union” under the Trade Unions Act, 1926
Ref: Order of the Registrar of Trade Unions dated 3.8.2010 numbered as F.1/RTU/A-4/2010
– 24180
This is in relation to the order of the Registrar of Trade Unions dated 3.8.2010 rejecting the
application to get the Rajasthan Rojgar Guarantee Majdoor Union registered under the Trade Unions
Act, 1926. In this behalf, we want to submit the following clarifications:
1. In para 6 of the order, the Registrar has observed that the applicant union was asked by the
department “to clarify as to how the persons employed under NREGA can be considered
workmen and how NREGA can be trade or industry for the purpose of registration of trade
union under the Trade Unions Act, 1926”. It has also been observed in this relation that the
applicant union did not submit any clarification to this query of the department.
We want to put on record that the applicant union never received any such query from the
department in the first place. There has been correspondence between the department and
the applicant union, but the office of the Registrar never sought a clarification of the nature
mentioned in para 6 of the order.
2. It is noteworthy that the purpose of the Trade Unions Act, 1926 is to foster an environment
which will facilitate collective assertion of the rights of the workers. In the decision of Bank
of India Employees’ Association v. Reserve Bank of India, (1983) 2 LLN 872 (Bom), the court
also emphasized collective bargaining as the primary purpose of this trade unions legislation.

While interpreting a benefical legislation like the Trade Unions Act, it is paramount that the
administrative authority while interpreting the Act bears in mind the purpose and intent of
the legislation. Supreme Court has also endorsed this view in Bharat Singh v. New Delhi
Tuberculosis Centre (1986) 2 SCC 614, in the following terms:
It is here that the court has to evolve the concept of purposive interpretation which
has found acceptance whenever a progressive social beneficial legislation is under
review.
Also, due regard must be given to the nature of MGNREGA in relation to which the applicant
union is seeking to take benefit of the registration under the Trade Unions Act. MGNREGA is
the first of the rights based legislations in the legislative history of this country providing for
a legal guarantee of 100 days employment. Any union which has its primary aim to further
the implementation of a beneficial right based legislation like MGNREGA, therefore, should
receive full advantage of the Trade Unions Act which was enacted to enhance the bargaining
power of the workers to claim their duly recognized rights.
In light of the above, we put forward the claim of the Rajasthan Rojgar Guarantee Majdoor Union for
registration under the Trade Unions Act, 1926.
Yours Sincerely,
Paras Banjara,
Secretary
Rajasthan Rojgar Guarantee Majdoor Union
Village Devdungari, Post Barar
District Rajsamand - 313341

Chapter 6
Flexes used in the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha

Chapter 7
Songs from the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha
,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
rtZ & >wB cksy---------

s---------
>wB cksys lh ih tks’kh] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
etnwjh c<+kds tk;sx]sa rqe ns[krs jfg;ks
etnwjh egaxkbZ ls tqM+ok;sx]sa rqe ns[krs jfg;ks
U;wure ls de u feys ;s dksVZ dk Qjeku gS & 2
ea=ky; esa nck j[kk] ;s dksVZ dk vieku gS & 2
Ektnwjh ls ftudk thou pyuk] ml turk dk ;s vjeku gSA
vuns[kh djs turk ds gd dh] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
lqus ugha etnwjksa dh tks] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks--------
etnwjh----------------------------------------------------------------------
viuk ekudj oksV fn;k rqEgs] fnYyh esa igap

q k;k gS & 2
ea=h cuk etnwj fojks/kh] ,slh uhfr cuokrk gS & 2
tc turk us vkokt mBkbZ rks] LVs dh ckr crkrk gS & 2
turk dks xqejkg fd;k] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
etnwjh----------------------------------------------------------------------
;kn j[kuk oksV rks turk ls gh ysuk gS
rqEgsa okil ;gh vkuk gS] FkksM+k turk ls Mfj;ks
etnwjh-----------------------------------------------------------------------

rtZ & ckfnyk ysrks vkts Fkkjh xksjh jks 'k.kxkj-----------
'k.kxkj-----------
xgyksr lw.ks D;qa uh js vk etnwjk ok.kh ckrs
Fks rks ns[kks D;qa uh js Fkkjk nQrj esa tk;sA
Fks rks ns[kks D;qa uh js ekdh iapk;r es vk;sA
ts ,u ywV epkos js ekdh iapk;r esa ta;
chMh;ks ywV epkos js ekdh iapk;r ds ek;@@-----------Fks rks ns[kks D;qa --------------
>wBk vkadM+k Hksts lfpo dkxtk ds ek;
xgyksr iwNs D;qa uh js Fkk dk iVokjh us tk;
,sa rks fj'or [kkos js Egkdh tehuk ds ek;
ljdkj iwNs D;qa uh js Fkkdk ekLVjk us tk;
,sa rks eksM+k eksM+k vkos fnu esa csxk gh py tk; @@------- Fks rks ns[kks---------
ljdkj ns[ks D;qa uh js Fkkdk lQk[kkuk dk gky
MksDVj fQl dk pDDj esa efjt gks jhgk csgky
,sa rks gks xX;k gksX;k js nQrj/kkjh ekykeky
,sa rks xkaok xkaok dk yksx Fkkus fn;k ?k.kk cksV
D;qa djX;ks djX;ks js vk etnwjk mij pksV & 2 @@ Fks rks ns[kks---------
lwpuk ,oe~ jkstxkj vf/kdkj vfHk;ku dk xkuk
t;iqj % /kjuk

dkuwu cuk gedks Vky jgs]
vQlj ckcw etk ekj jgsA
fnu fnu Hkj ge xM~Mk [kksn jgs]
iwjh etnwjh gedks uk ns jgsAA ----------dkuw

----------dkuwu cuk--------
cuk--------
xjhcks dk [kwu ;s ih jgs
vQlj ckcw etk ekj jgsAA -----------dkuw

-----------dkuwu cuk------------------
cuk------------------
gj N% efguksa esa ru[ok c<+k jgs]
HkRrk vyx ls ys jgsAA -----------vQlj

-----------vQlj ckcw--------------
--------------
fo/kk;d dh ru[kk nwxuh ;g dj jgs
laln dh ru[kk frxuh c<+k jgs AA ----------vQlj

----------vQlj ckcw-------------
-------------
etnwj dh etnwjh dkV jgs]
vQlj ckcw etk ekj jgs---------------

---------------
t;iqj % /kjuk

rtZ& bUgha yksxksa us---------------
eagxkbZ c<+xh] etnwjh ?kVxh
t;iqj esa /kj.kk yxk fn;k ljdkj lquys
xkao xkoa lq etnwj vkos] xsga w cktjk lkFks yko]s
pank dk Hkh islk nsos ] ljdkj lqu ys AA eagckbZ--------------------

--------------------
Fkkds Hkjksls esa ugha vk;k][kjpks esa lkFk esa yk;k
gd fy;k ckn tk;lk A A egaxkbZ-----------------

-----------------
gj gkFk dks dke ns ns] U;wure etnwjh iwjh djns]
egaxkbZ ds lkFk tksM

a + ns] cw<i+ k dh is'a ku djysAA ljdkj lwuys---------
---------
deZpkfj;ksa dh ru[kk c<+xh] nwxuh c<+xh] frxquh c<+xh]
lky esa N% efguk dke dk nsos ] ru[kk

ru[kk , iwjh ysos
;k ds NBks osru yxkos AA ljdkj lquys --------------
lqcg mB esa ujsxk esa tkok Qhrk ls esa dke uikok
iqjk dke dk iSlk ugha nso]s isyUs Vh ekds yxkos
15 fnu esa Hkwxrku fnyknsAA ljdkj lquys----------------------

----------------------
t;iqj % /kjuk

viuh rks tSls rSl]s FkksM+h ,sls ;k oSls dV tk;sxh
vkidk D;k gksxk] ljdkj lkspks
deZpkfj;ksa dh ru[kk c<xh] nhokyh dh cksul cVxh
etnwjh nsgkM+h ?kVxh] D;ksa fd ;s ljdkj uVxh
rks fQj vkidk D;k gksxk] vks ljdkj lkspks
dksVZ dk Qjeku vk;k] etnwjksa ds fgr esa ik;k
rqeus turk ls fNik;k] etnwjksa ls fd;k Nykok
cgkuk LVs dk cuk;k
vc rks turk us tkuk] yksxksa us rqedks igpkuk
fd iksy [kqy xbZ lkjh] vks ljdkj lkspks
ikap lky tc iwjk gksxk] fQj vki dks ekywe gksxk
xkaoksa esa tc vkuk gksxk] oksVks dk tc xkuk gksxk
rc vkidk D;k gksxk] vks ljdkj lkspks
/kj.kk is cSBs jgsx]sa etnwjh c<+ok ds jgsxs
Hkz"Vkpkjh ugha lgsx]sa gd gekjk ysds jgsxsa
ns[krs gh jguk] vks ljdkj lquyks
vkidk D;k gksxk] ljdkj lkspks
viuh rks-------------------------------------------------------------------------
etnwj gd lR;kxzg 2 vDVwcj 2010 ls tkjh] LVsP;w lfdZy t;iqj

ljdkj gekjh lq.ks dks
dksuh] etnwjksa dks /kj.kk mBks dksuh
eghuk Åij /kj.kks gks X;ks] iz’kklu iwjks lksfj;ks
ljdkj dh uhan mM+s dksuh]
etnwjksa dks /kj.kks mBs dksuh---------------------------------------
deZpkfj;ksa dh ru[kk c<+kos] vf/kdkfj;ka us ekSt djkos
cksul nsrk] uVSbZ dksuh]
lkS :i;k dh jsV crkos] iSuYVh ekds iwjh yxkos
,d :i;k nsrk] 'kje vkos dksuh
eagxkbZ vk c<+rh tkohs] etnwjh ekdh ?kVVh tkos
isV Hkj jksVh feys dksuh
tc rd :i;k nks lkS ubZ nso]s /kj.kks ekdks pkyw jsos
nhikoyh is fn;k tys dksuh

vkjrh ljdkj dh-----
dh-----
gk; gk; ljdkj gjs] cksyks gk; ljdkj gjs
deZpkfj;ksa ds HkRRks] ru[kk Mcy djs
cksyks& gk;s ljdkj gjs---------------------------------------
rqe turk ds Hk{kd] [kkdj isV Hkjs&2
ub;k Mwcs gekjh] rqEgkjh uko pys AA gk;&gk;----------------
eagxkbZ fur c<rh tkos] lcds Hkko p<+s
nhokyh dk cksul] nsuk gh rqedks iM+As A gk;&gk;----------
/kjus ij etnwj cSB]s mudh ukgha lqu]s
[kkyh djs [ktkuk] frtksjh viuh HkjsAA gk;&gk;----------
fj'or[kksjh c<+kos] Hkz"Vkpkj djs cksyks-------------
iSlk xjhc dk [kkos] ,slk jkt djsAA gk;&gk;----------
nhokyh tks vkos] nQrj nhi tys] cksyks----------------
jgs va/ksjk etnwjksa ds] dkyh fnokyh djsAA gk;&gk;-------
ea=h tks’kh dh vkjfr] tks dksbZ tu xkos
okdh etnwjh ?kV tkos] okds iSuYs Vh vkos
okds ,d :i;ks vkos] okdk :i;k [kk tkos]
dgr etnwj ljdkj ls ekaxs iwjh djsa AA gk;&gk;---------

,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
rtZ & >wB cksy---------

s---------
>wB cksys lh ih tks’kh] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
etnwjh c<+kds tk;sx]sa rqe ns[krs jfg;ks
etnwjh egaxkbZ ls tqM+ok;sx]sa rqe ns[krs jfg;ks
U;wure ls de u feys ;s dksVZ dk Qjeku gS & 2
ea=ky; esa nck j[kk] ;s dksVZ dk vieku gS & 2
Ektnwjh ls ftudk thou pyuk] ml turk dk ;s vjeku gSA
vuns[kh djs turk ds gd dh] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
lqus ugha etnwjksa dh tks] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks--------
etnwjh----------------------------------------------------------------------
viuk ekudj oksV fn;k rqEgs] fnYyh esa igap

q k;k gS & 2
ea=h cuk etnwj fojks/kh] ,slh uhfr cuokrk gS & 2
tc turk us vkokt mBkbZ rks] LVs dh ckr crkrk gS & 2
turk dks xqejkg fd;k] ,sls ea=h ls cfp;ks
etnwjh----------------------------------------------------------------------
;kn j[kuk oksV rks turk ls gh ysuk gS
rqEgsa okil ;gh vkuk gS] FkksM+k turk ls Mfj;ks
etnwjh-----------------------------------------------------------------------

xgyksr lw.ks D;qa uh js vk etnwjk ok.kh ckrs
Fks rks ns[kks D;qa uh js Fkkjk nQrj esa tk;sA
Fks rks ns[kks D;qa uh js ekdh iapk;r es vk;sA
ts ,u ywV epkos js ekdh iapk;r esa ta;
chMh;ks ywV epkos js ekdh iapk;r ds ek;@@-----------Fks rks ns[kks D;qa --------------
>wBk vkadM+k Hksts lfpo dkxtk ds ek;
xgyksr iwNs D;qa uh js Fkk dk iVokjh us tk;
,sa rks fj'or [kkos js Egkdh tehuk ds ek;
ljdkj iwNs D;qa uh js Fkkdk ekLVjk us tk;
,sa rks eksM+k eksM+k vkos fnu esa csxk gh py tk; @@------- Fks rks ns[kks---------
ljdkj ns[ks D;qa uh js Fkkdk lQk[kkuk dk gky
MksDVj fQl dk pDDj esa efjt gks jhgk csgky
,sa rks gks xX;k gksX;k js nQrj/kkjh ekykeky
,sa rks xkaok xkaok dk yksx Fkkus fn;k ?k.kk cksV
D;qa djX;ks djX;ks js vk etnwjk mij pksV & 2 @@ Fks rks ns[kks---------
t;iqj % /kjuk

dkuwu cuk gedks Vky jgs]
vQlj ckcw etk

etk ekj jgsA
fnu fnu Hkj ge xM~Mk [kksn jgs]
iwjh etnwjh gedks uk ns jgsAA ----------dkuw

----------dkuwu cuk--------
cuk--------
xjhcks dk [kwu ;s ih jgs
vQlj ckcw etk ekj jgsAA -----------dkuw

-----------dkuwu cuk-
cuk------------------
gj N% efguksa esa ru[ok c<+k jgs]
HkRrk vyx ls ys jgsAA -----------vQlj

-----------vQlj ckcw--------------
--------------
fo/kk;d dh ru[kk nwxuh ;g dj jgs
laln dh ru[kk frxuh c<+k jgs AA ----------vQlj

----------vQlj ckcw-------------
-------------
etnwj dh etnwjh dkV jgs]
vQlj ckcw etk ekj jgs---------------

---------------
t;iqj % /kjuk

eagxkbZ c<+xh] etnwjh ?kVxh
t;iqj esa /kj.kk yxk fn;k ljdkj lquys
xkao xkoa lq etnwj vkos] xsga w cktjk lkFks yko]s
pank dk Hkh islk nsos ] ljdkj lqu ys AA eagckbZ--------------------

--------------------
Fkkds Hkjksls esa ugha vk;k][kjpks esa lkFk esa yk;k
gd fy;k ckn tk;lk

tk;lk A A egaxkbZ-----------------
-----------------
gj gkFk dks dke ns ns] U;wure etnwjh iwjh djns]
egaxkbZ ds lkFk tksM

a + ns] cw<i+ k dh is'a ku djysAA ljdkj lwuys---------
---------
deZpkfj;ksa dh ru[kk c<+xh] nwxuh c<+xh] frxquh c<+xh]
lky esa N% efguk dke dk nsos ] ru[kk , iwjh ysos
;k ds NBks osru yxkos AA ljdkj lquys --------------
lqcg mB esa ujsxk esa tkok Qhrk ls esa dkw u ikok
iqjk dke dk iSlk ugha nso]s isyUs Vh ekds yxkos
15 fnu esa Hkwxrku fnyknsAA ljdkj lquys----------------------

----------------------
t;iqj % /kjuk

Chapter 8
Press notes

iszl foKfIr
1 #i, dk Hkqxrku]
fxuht cqd vkWQ oYMZ fjdkMZ eas ntZ fd;k

fd;k tk,
t;iqj] 6 vDVwcjA U;wure etnwjh dks egaxkbZ ls tksMu+ s ds fy, LVsP;w lfdZy ij fn, tk jgs /kjus ds yksxksa us r;
fd;k fd gky gh esa jktLFkku ljdkj ds }kjk Vksd
a ftys ds xqnfy;k xkao ds egkujsxk etnwjksa dks fn, x, 1 #i,
ds Hkqxrku dks fxuht cqd vkWQ oYMZ fjdkMZ esa 'kkfey fd;k tk,A blds fy, lwpuk ,oa jkstxkj vf/kdkj vfHk;ku
ds }kjk ;g lwpuk fxuht cqd vkWQ oYMZ fjdkMZ dks fHktokbZ tk,xhA
/kjuk LFky ij crk;k x;k fd vkxkeh fnuksa esa etnwj gd lR;kxzg ds nkSjku fofHkUu lEesyu vk;ksftr djus
izLrkfor gSA fnukad 9 vDVwcj dks ujsxk ,oa lwpuk dk vf/kdkj dh /kkjk 4 ij ppkZ dh tk,xh] 10 vDVwcj dks
ujsxk vkSj fodykax etnwj
lEesyu] 15 vDVwcj dks ujsxk eas etnwjksa ds 10 gdksa ij tu lquokbZ] 25 vDVwcj dks ujsxk vkSj iapk;rh jkt
l’kfDrdj.k lEesyu o 30 vDVwcj dks etnwj vk;ksx izfrosnu dh izLrqfr nh tk,xhA
7 flrEcj dks 33 ftyksa ds dysDVjksa ls lwpuk ds vf/kdkj ds rgr lwpuk ekaxh tk,xh fd ftys esa egkujsxk ds
varxZr ftyk Lrj ij fdruh lkexzh [kjhnh xbZ o lkexzh [kjhn ij fdruk [kpZ fd;k x;kA
vkt LVsP;w lfdZy ij etnwj gd lR;kxzg dj jgs etnwjksa us etnwjh dks c<+kus o c<+kdj egaxkbZ ls tksMu+ s dh
ekaxksa dks ysdj j?kqifr jk?ko jktkjke] ljdkj dks lUefr ns Hkxoku xkdj /kjus dks vkjaHk fd;kA /kjus eas xkaoksa ds
etnwjksa dk vkuk yxkrkj tkjh gSA ogha t;iqj ds etnwj Hkh /kjus ls tqM+ jgs gSAsa
vkt /kjus esa mn;iqj ftys ds [kSjokM+k] dksVM+k o >kM+ky

S ] jktleUn ftys ds jsyeaxjk] ckjka ftys ds gkVjh o
ukxkSj ftys ds ÅaBokfy;k ls etwnj vk,A ukxkSj ftys ds ÅaBokfy;k xkao ls vk, d.kZ flag firk mxe falga
jktiwr us /kjus ds yksxksa dks crk;k fd mUgsa egkujsxk esa dke dk iwjk iSlk ugha feykA mUgksua s ÅaBokfy;k ls
lkj.kiqjk rd xzsoy lM+d fuekZ.k dk;Z esa 16 flrEcj ls 30 flrEcj 2009 rd 12 fnu dke fd;kA muds [kkrs esa
12 fnu ds dke ds cnys 150 #i, gh tek gq,A tcfd eLVjksy uEcj 565956 esa 360 #i, p<+k, x, FksA fnuHkj
dke djus ds ckotwn ek= 30 #i, izfrfnu ds fglkc ls p<+k, x, Fks ysfdu oks Hkh ugha feysA bUgkaus s tkapdj iwjk
Hkqxrku djokus ds fy, lfpo] tsb,Z u] fodkl vf/kdkjh ls ekax dh ysfdu fdlh us ugha lquhA mUgksua s crk;k fd
etnwjksa ds gdksa dks ysdj fd, tk jgs etnwj gd lR;kxzg ds ckjs esa tkudkjh feyh rks og t;iwj pys vk,A

ckjka ftys dh 'kkgckn rglhy ds gkVjh xkao ls vk, esV tkudh yky lgfj;k us crk;k fd gkVjh xkao ds 80
etnwjksa us xzke iapk;r f<+deuh }kjk egkujsxk ds varxZr djok, x, dk;Z esa 1 twu ls 30 twu 2010 rd dk;Z
fd;kA ysfdu vHkh rd Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA egkujsxk izko/kkuksa ds vuqlkj 15 fnu eas Hkqxrku gks tkuk pkfg,A
tkudh yky us crk;k fd vkt rd 15 fnu eas Hkqxrku ugha gqvk gSA iSlk cSd
a esa tek gqvk ;k ugha gqvk bldh
tkudkjh xzke lsod ;k jkstxkj lgk;d }kjk ugha nh tkrh gSA ,sls esa Hkqxrku dh tkudkjh ds fy, Hkh gesa ckj
ckj cSd
a esa tkuk iM+ jgk gSA
vkt /kjuk LFky ij t;iqj ds fuekZ.k etnwj la?k ds gjds’k dqekj us crk;k fd 9 vDVwcj ls t;iqj ds fgjkiqjk]
ikoZrhuxj ¼dPphcLrh½] lq’khyiqjk ¼dPphcLrh½ lat;uxj] oS’kkyhuxj ds etnwj etnwj gd lR;kxzg ls tqMsx
a As
mUgksuas s crk;k fd xSj ljdkjh dkeksa ds fuekZ.k etnwj o MksesfLVd etnwjksa dh gkyr n;uh; gSA t;iqj ds
MksesfLVd etnwjksa dks egt 300 ls 500 #i, fn, tkrs gSA ,sls eas mUgsa dbZ ?kjksa esa dk;Z djuk iM+rk gS fQj Hkh
egaxkbZ ds nkSj eas ?kj pykuk eqf’dy gks jgk gSA
QksVksa lyXu &
ckjka ftys ls vk, esV tkudh yky lgfj;k
fuf[ky Ms eerk tSryh vkj-Mh- O;kl
vfHk;ku dh vksj ls

Please see Sections 6 and 7 of Chapter 3

See Section 8 of Chapter 3

Kkiu
fnukad % 21-10-10
Jheku v’kksd th xgyksr
eq[;ea=h]
jktLFkku ljdkj
t;iqj
}kjk&eq[; lfpo egksn;] jktLFkku ljdkj t;iqj
fo"k; % jktLFkku ds ?kqeUrw ,oa oafpr oxksZa ds ukxfjd vf/kdkj lqfuf’pr djus ds Øe
esAa
lanHkZ % ukxfjd gd lEesyu 2010
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd 21 vDVwcj 2010 dks LVsP;w lfdZy] t;iqj ij
vk;ksftr ?kqeUrw ,oa oafpr oxksZa ds ukxfjd gd lEesyu esa vk;s catkjk] dkycsfy;k]
[ks:vk] ckxfj;k] okYehfd bR;kfn tkfr;ksa ls tqM+s yksxksa dh leL;kvksa ds fujkdj.k gsrq
fuEu ekaxs vkils djrs gSa &
• vkoklh; iV~Vs % bu ?kqeUrw ,oa oafpr leqnk; ds yksx tgka Hkh cls gq;s gS] mUgsa
mlh txg ij vkoklh; iV~Vs fn;s tk;sA
• Lis’ky daiksuVsa Iyku % gj ljdkjh ;kstuk esa mijksDr oxkZsa ds fodkl ds fy;s
fo’ks"k ;kstuk,a cukbZ tk;s rFkk mlds fy;s fo’ks"k ctV dk izko/kku fd;k tk;s]
tks dsoy bUgh oxksZa ds fy;s [kpZ fd;k tk;sA
• fo'ks"k vkoklh;] fo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk % pwfa d ?kqeUrw o oafpr nfyr leqnk;ksa dh
;s tkfr;ksa ckdh lekt ls dVh gqbZ jgrh gS rFkk oks f’k{k.k ls oafpr jg tkrh
gS] budk ,d LFkku ij dksbZ BkSj fBdkuk Hkh ugha gksrk gS] blfy;s cPps ugha
i<+ ikrs gSAa vr% bu oxksZa ds ckyd] ckfydkvksa ds fy;s fo’ks"k vkoklh;
fo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk dh tk;sA
• fo’ks"k vf/kdkjh dh fu;qDr % ?kqeUrw o oafpr oxksZa dh izR;sd tkfr dh lquokbZ o
dk;Zokgh ds fy;s jkT; Lrj ij ,d fo’ks"k vf/kdkjh fu;qDr fd;k tk;s tks bu
leqnk;ksa dh leL;kvksa dk fujkdj.k djsAa
• jkT; Lrjh; laokn % mijksDr leqnk;ksa dh leL;kvks ij ljdkj ds Lrj ij
ckrphr ds fy;s t;iqj esa izR;sd ekg esa ,d jkT; Lrjh; laokn gks] ftlesa tu
izfrfuf/k] ljdkj e’khujh o leqnk; ds yksd feydj cSBdj ckrphr dh tk
ldsa
• NqvkNwr] HksnHkko] vR;kpkj o mRihM+u ls cpko % bu oxksZa ds lkFk NqvkNwr]
HksnHkko] vR;kpkj o iqfyl mRihM+u vke ckr gSA blfy;s blds cpko gsrq jkT;
o ftyk Lrj ij ekWuhVfjax desfV;ksa dk xBu fd;k tk;sA
• uhfr fu/kkZ
fu/kkZj.k % mijksDr leqnk;ksa dh okLrfod lkekftd o vkfFkZd rFkk
'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr ds vuq:Ik leh{kk dh tk;s rFkk le; le; ij muds fgr esa
uhfr;ka cukbZ tk;sA
• lEekutud vkthfodk % bu tkfr;ksa dks lEekutud vkthfodk ds fy;s
oSdfYid O;olk; gsrq fo’ks"k iSdt s fn;k tk;sA
• igpku dk ladV % ;s leqnk; ukxfjdrk ds igpku i=ksa ls Hkh oafpr gS] bUgs
jk’kudkMZ] tkWcdkMZ] oksVj dkMZ tSls igpku ds fy;s izek.k i= rqjar tkjh fd;s
tk;sAa
ge jktLFkku Hkj ls vk;s fofHkUu oafpr o nfyr o ?kqeUrw leqnk; ds yksx vkt 21
vDVwcj 2010 dks t;iqj ds LVsP;w lfdZy ij vk;ksftr ukxfjd gd lEesyu esa loZ
lEefr ls mijksDr ekaxksa ds fujkdj.k gsrq izLrko ikfjr dj vkils iqjtksj ekax djrs gSa
fd bu oxksZa dh ekaxksa ij xaHkhjrk ls lquokbZ gks] mu ij iq[rk dk;Zokgh gks] dk;Zokgh
ds i'pkr~ vU; oxksZa }kjk gksus okyh izfrfØ;kvksa ls mudh lqj{kk dh tk;s rFkk jkT; esa
mUgsa gj {ks= esa Hkkxhnkj cuk;k tk;sA
ge vkils ;g Hkh ekax djrs gSa fd ;s leqnk; jkT; esa vHkh Hkh fcYdqy gh misf{kr]
oafpr ,oa ihfM+r gS] budh ekaxksa ij iwjh laons u’khyrk o xaHkhjrk ls dk;Zokgh dh tk;s
rkfd fodkl dh eq[;/kkjk esa gkf’k;s ij iM+s bu leqnk;ksa dks Hkh tksM+k tk ldsA
dk;Zokgh dh vis{kk lfgr

Hkonh;
layXu %
1- catkjk leqnk; dk ekax i=
2- dkycsfy;k leqnk; dk ekax i=
3- okYehfd leqnk; dk ekax i=
4- [ksjok leqnk; dk ekax i=
5- vU; oafpr oxksZa ds ekax i=

Kkiu
fnukad& 21-
21-10-
10-10
Jheku v'kksd xgyksr

eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
}kjk& eq[; lfpo egksn;] jktLFkku ljdkj
fo"k;& ?kqeUrw catkjk leqnk; ds le{k vk jgh leL;kvksa ds Rofjr fujkdj.k ds lac/a k
esAa
lanHkZ& ukxfjd gd lEesyu ¼21 vDVwcj 2010] LVsP;w ldZy½ ds nkSjku mBs eqnn~ As
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd ukxfjd gd lEesyu esa catkjk leqnk; ls lacfa /kr
fuEu leL;k;sa lkeus vkbZA
1. igpku dk ladV& V buds ikl jk'ku dkMZ] QksVks igpku i= vkfn dksbZ
nLrkost ugha gSA ftlls ;s ljdkjh lqfo/kkvksa dk ykHk ys ldsAa
2. vkokl & dbZ yksxksa ds ikl vkokl ugha gS rFkk dqN yksx fdlh LFkku ij
dkfct gS rks mUgs xzke iapk;r ;k LFkkuh; iz'kklu vk;s fnu foLFkkfir djrs
jgrs gSA

3. vkt
vkthfodk & jktLFkku xkso'a kh; i'kq ¼o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izotu ;k
fu;kZr dk fofu;eu½ vf/kfu;e 1995 dh vkM+ esa rFkkdfFkr fgUnqRooknh laxBu
iqfyl ls feyhHkxr djds fofHkUu iq'k esyksa ls vk jgh xkfM+;ksa dh ryk'kh djrs
oDr i'kq ekfyd catkjks]a L=h] iq:"kks]a cPpksa ds lkFk ekjihV djrs gSa muls #i;s
Nhu ysrs gSa rFkk mDr vf/kfu;e dh fofHkUu /kkjkvksa esa eqdnek ntZ djok] csyksa
dh bUgh dfFkr laxBuksa }kjk lapkfyr xks'kkykvksa dks lqinq Z dj fn;k tkrk gSA
ijEijkxr O;kikj ladV esa gS rFkk dksbZ xjhekiw.kZ O;kikj dk fodYi ugha gSA
4. ewyHkwr lqfo/kk,a & dbZ catkjksa cfLr;ksa esa ikuh] fctyh] fpfdRlk dh dksbZ lqfo/kk
ugha gS
5. f'k{kk& lnSo ?kqeUrq thou ;kiu djrs gaS] ftlds pyrs buds cPps i<+ ugha ikrs
vkSj ljdkj us buds fy, dksbZ f'k{kk dh fo'ks"k O;oLFkk ugha dh gSA
6. egkujsxk & buds ikl jk'ku dkMZ ugha gksus ls ujsxk ds rgr tkWc dkMZ ugha
cus gSA vr% budks ujsxk ds rgr dke ugha feyrk gSA
7. vkj{k.k& jkT; esa catkjk vks-ch-lh- eas vkrk gS] xqtZj vkanksyu ds ckn ,l-ch-lh-
esa Mkyk x;k fdUrq tutkfr esa vkus ;ksX; catkjks dks bl vkj{k.k ls dksbZ ykHk
feyus okyk ugha gSA
8. catkjk ijaijkxr ou esa jgus okyh tkfr gS ysfdu ou vf/kdkj dkuwu 2005 ds
rgr budks muds gdksa ls oafpr j[kk x;k gSA
ekaxs
gekjh ekaxs bl izdkj gS &
1. lHkh dk losZ dj ,sls jk'ku dkMZ] QksVks igpku i= vkfn cuk;s tkos tks mudh
?kqearw thou 'kSyh ds vuqlkj dke vk ldsA
2. budks fu%'kqYd vkoklh; Hkw[k.M fn;s tk,a rFkk tgka jg jgs ogka xzkeh.k {ks= esa
iapk;r vkSj 'kgjh {ks= esa LFkkuh; fudk; fu%'kqYd iV~Vs djsAa lkFk gh buds
fy, fo'ks"k vkoklh; ;kstuk cukbZ tk,A
3. ijaijkxr O;olk; dks /;ku esa j[kdj bu ij dksbZ vR;kpkj ugha gksuk pkfg,A
vr% d`f"k ;ksX; csyksa dks Ø; foØ; djus dk ykblsUl fn;k tk;sA
4. bl leqnk; dks ch-ih-,y- esa tksM+k tk;sA ftuds ujsxk ds rgr~ tkWc dkMZ ugha
cus gSa muds tkWcdkMZ cuk;s tk;sA
5. catkjksa ij **jktLFkku xkso'a kh; iq'k ¼o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izotu ;k
fu;kZr dk fofu;eu½ vf/kfu;e 1995** ds rgr~ 1995 ls vc rd ftrus Hkh
eqndesa ntZ gq, gSa mudh fu"i{k tkap ,oa leh{kk ds fy, desVh dk xBu fd;k
tk,A
6. ikuh] fctyh] fpfdRlk tSlh ewyHkwr lqfo/kk,a miyC/k djkbZ tk;s rFkk f'k{kk ds
fy, fo'ks"k vkoklh; Nk=kokl [kksys tk;A

7. buds lkFk gksus okys HksnHkko o vR;kpkj ij laons u'khyrk j[kh tk;sA
8. lgfj;k dh rtZ ij fo'ks"k fodkl ;kstuk cukbZ tk;sA
9. bl leqnk; dk lkekftd] vkfFkZd] 'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr ij fo'ks"k v/;;u djk;k
tkosA
10. catkjk dks vuqlfw pr tu tkfr esa lfEefyr fd;k tk;s rFkk tks catkjs ouksa esa
dkfct gS mUgsa ou vf/kdkj dkuwu 2005 ds rgr iV~Vs tkjh fd;s tk;sA D;ksa
fd catkjk Hkh ouksa esa fuokl djus okyh ijaijkxr tkfr gSA
11. jkT; esa ?kqearq vk;ksx cuk;k tk,A
egksn; vkils fouez vkxzg gS fd mDr leL;kvksa ij xaHa khjrk ls fopkj dj lek/kku
gsrq vko';d dne mBk;s o fu.kZ; fy;s tk;sA
lg;ksx dh vis{kk ds lkFk--------------
Hkonh;
leLr catkjk leqnk;] jktLFkku
layXu %
1- catkjk ,d ifjp; ¼fganh Hkk"kk es½a
2- catkjk ,d ifjp; ¼vaxzt
s h Hkk"kk es½a
3- catkjk leqnk; ls lEcfU/kr dsl LVMht

Banjaras: Their Lives, Issues and Demands
Of several nomadic communities of Rajasthan, Banjaras is one of the largest nomadic groups. They
are spread over all the districts of the state and are known by their sub-caste names like Bamaniya,
Labana, Maru Bhaat, Bagora Bhaat, Baldiya, Rao Bhaat, Gavariya etc. It is believed that ‘Gypsies’ or
‘Roma’ of Europe have their origin in western Rajasthan. There is a striking similarity in their
language and western Rajasthan’s Banjari language. Even today, there are many similar words used in
these regions.
Unlike many other nomadic groups, Banjaras have been open about allowing others to become part of
their community. While being constantly mobile, they always allowed other people to join caravan
and gradually become part of the community.
Historically, this community has never accepted or bound itself to a physical regional boundary and
have always chosen and valued their freedom and mobility over sedentarisation. Seeing this mobility
as a threat, British rule brought in one of the most draconian laws, Criminal Tribes Act in 1871 to
curb their mobility and freedom declaring them criminals. Under this act, many such nomadic
communities were declared criminal tribes.
Traditionally they used to carry and sell grains, salt and other utility items from one place to another
and played an important role in distribution of various essential products. They were also involved in
bullock trade. Their silent contribution through distribution in the economic growth of a region has
never been recognized.
In Rajathan, salt selling was one of the main source of livelihoods for Banjaras. They used to transport
salt loaded on bullocks from the salt mines in Sambhar, Phulera, Nawa, Pachbadra, Lunkaransar,
Revasa to various non salt producing regions. Heavy taxation and ban on the movement of salt during
British rule had serious impact on Banjara’s traditional occupation.
After the independence, they are no more ‘criminals’ but their being ‘nomadic’ has never been
acknowledged as a dignified lifestyle.
In villages, they live one or two kilometers away from the main village in their community
settlements known as ‘tanda’. Most of them have no land entitlement for a house in the village. As a
result, though many of them have houses, they have no electricity connection; water facilities and
most importantly have no security and rights over their home land. The level of education is very low
amongst Banjaras. Many of them have no election or ration cards. 3000 families living in Jaipur for
more than 20 years, have no ration cards till date.
Currently, many of them are involved in the trade of bullocks, buffaloes, gum, blankets, fodder, geru,
cots etc. Many of them have migrated to the cities and live in temporary settlements / shanties. A
significant number of them are also involved in casual labour.
On 25 August, 1995, a major jolt came to their livelihood when the state government passed an act
allegedly under the pressure from Hindu fundamentalist organizations, the Rajasthan Bovine Animal
(Prohibition of Slaughter and Regulation of Temporary Migration or Export) Act, 1995. This made it
very difficult for the Banjaras to continue their bullockr trade. When found moving with bullocks,
their bullocks were often confiscated under the pretext of being carried for slaughter.

Despite having all the official documents for sale of the bullocks, many Banjaras have lost their
bullocks under this Act often taken by the fundamentalist groups. Confiscated bullocks are often put
in goshalas run by such organizations. Many times while coming from cattle fairs, they are stopped
by the police, their vehicles are searched, money snatched and cases are filed against them.
Issues
Some of the major issues of Banjara community –
1. Identity – Many Banjaras have no ration cards, election cards or any other official identity
documents necessary for obtaining benefits under the Government schemes.
2. Livelihood – Difficulty in carrying out traditional occupation and lack of any alternative
livelihood options.
3. Primary Facilities – Many Banjara settlements do not have easy access to water, electricity
and health.
4. Education – Leading a nomadic lifestyle for a living implies that their children constantly get
left out of schooling and the government has not thought of any specific system for them.
5. NREGA – Those who do not have ration cards can not get job cards under NREGA and get
left out of NREGA works.
6. Reservation – Banjaras were accorded OBC status and after the Gurjar agitation, came under
SBC but this classification is unlikely to be of any help. In fact, they deserve to be classified
as tribes.
7. Forest Rights Act - Some of Banjaras sub-castes are traditionally forest-dwellers but under the
Forest Rights Act 2005, they have been kept bereft of their rights.
Demands
1. A survey of all Banjara groups should be done to issue ration cards, photo identities etc to all
those who do not posses it. Keeping in view their mobile lifestyle and migration patterns they
should be given mobile ration cards valid over their migratory route.
2. They should be given free residential land and where they are currently residing (whether in
rural or urban area), the concerned local body should provide them with free pattas. A special
housing scheme should also be made for them.
3. Traditional occupation of bullock trade should be acknowledged and all the necessary support
must be provided to them for carrying it out in a dignified manner without any harassment.
They should be given licenses for purchase and sale of bullocks meant for agriculture.
4. Job cards for all those who don’t have them under NREGA. This community must be
included in the BPL category.

5. An unbiased and fair investigation should take place into all the cases registered against
Banjaras under the Rajasthan Bovine Animal (Prohibition of Slaughter and Regulation of
Temporary Migration or Export) Act, 1995 from 1995 until now and a committee should be
formed to monitor it. Greater sensitivity to the discrimination and atrocities against them.
6. Water, electricity, health care - all these basic facilities should be provided to them. Special
residential hostels to be opened for their children, so they can get an education.
7. A special development scheme or program to made on the lines of that for Sahariyas.
8. A specific study to be undertaken to understand the social, financial and educational level of
this community.
9. Banjaras should be included as a Scheduled Tribe. Those Banjaras who reside in the forests
should be given pattas under the Forest Rights Act 2005, as they are also a community who
have been inhabiting forests for generations.
10. State Commission for Nomads to be constituted.

catkjk ,d ifjp;
jktLFkku ds dbZ ?kqearw leqnk;ksa essa catkjk ,d eq[; leqnk; gSA ;g jkT; ds fofHkUu
ftyksa esa ckef.k;k] yckuk] ek:HkkV] ckxksjk HkkV] ckyfn;k] jkoHkkV] xokfj;k mitkfr esa
fo|eku gSA ;wjksi ds ftIlh vFkok jksek tkfr;ksa dk mn~xe LFky jktLFkku ekuk tkrk
gSA blh dkj.k mudh vkSj catkjh Hkk"kk esa dkQh lekurk ikbZ tkrh gSA vkt Hkh muds
dbZ 'kCn jktLFkku dh catkjh Hkk"kk ls feyrs gSaA
vU; ?kqearw leqnk; ls brj catkjk leqnk; esa xSj catkjk leqnk; Hkh 'kkfey gksrk jgk
gSA xSjcatkjk leqnk; buds dkjoka esa tqMd
+ j /khjs&/khjs catkjk gh cu x,A
,frgkfld le; ls gh bl leqnk; us viuh vktknh ,oa xfr’khyrk dks cjdjkj j[krs
gq, dHkh Hkh vius vki dks fdlh LFkku fo’ks"k dh flekvksa esas ugha cka/kkA blh izo`fr dks
[krjk ekurs gq, vaxzt
s ksa us neukRed uhfr viukbZ vkSj 1871 esa **vijkf/kd tutkfr
vf/kfu;e** tSlk vekuoh; dkuwu ikfjr fd;k ftlesa catkjk lfgr dbZ tkfr;ksa dks
tUetkr vijk/kh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA
vukt] ued vkSj tu mi;ksxh oLrqvksa dks ,d LFkku ls nwljsa LFkku ij ys tkdj
cspuk rFkk d`f"k dk;Z gsrq csyksa dk Ø; foØ; djuk catkjk leqnk; dk ijEijkxr
O;kikj jgk gSA ijUrq foMEcuk gS fd ifjogu] forj.k ,oa okf.kT; ds {ks= esa catkjks
}kjk LFkkuh; vFkZO;oLFkk eas fd;s x;s vrqyuh; ;ksxnku dks lekt esa dHkh ekU;rk ugha
feyhaA
ued dk O;kikj catkjksa dh vkthfodk dk eq[; L=ksr jgk gSA ;s lkaHkj] ukoka] Qqyjs k]
ipinjk] yw.kdj.klj] jsoklk vkfn ued dh [kkuksa ls csyksa ij ued ykndj ns’k ds
fofHkUu bykdksa esa csprs FksA vaxzt
s 'kklu ds nkSjku ued ij vR;f/kd dj vkSj ued
O;kikj ij izfrca/k us catkjksa dh vkthfodk ij cgqr gh cwjk vlj MkykA

vktknh ds mijkar catkjs vijk/kh rks ugha jgs fdUrq budh ?kqEedM+ thou 'kSyh dks
dHkh lekt us lEeku dh n`f"V ls ugha ns[kkA
catkjk leqnk; dh vyx cLrh gksrh gS ftls **VkaMk** dgk tkrk gS tks fd xkao ls dqN
nwjh ij gksrk gSA vkerkSj ij ;s ftl txg ij ?kj cukdj dkfct gS mlds iV~Vs ugha
gS] ftlds pyrs dbZ yksxksa dks vkokl lqfo/kk gskrs gq, Hkh fctyh] ikuh] vkokl dk gd
vkSj lqj{kk ugha gSA catkjksa dh f’k{kk dk Lrj cgqr gh U;wu gSA catkjksa ds ikl vkt Hkh
jk’ku dkMZ o igpku i= ugha gS ftlls bu ij igpku dk ldaV cuk jgrk gSA
t;iqj esa 20 o"kksZa ls vf/kd le; ls jg jgs 3000 ifjokjksa dks vkt Hkh jk’ku dkMZ ugha
feys gSaA
orZeku esa dbZ catkjsa csy] HkSal] xksna ] dEcy] ?kkl ¼lq[kyk½] xs: vkSj pkjikbZ tSlh
phtksa ds O;kikj esa layXu gSA lkFk gh catkjk leqnk; ds dbZ yksx iyk;u dj 'kgjksa
eas vk x;s gS ftUgs ;gka >qXxh&>ksiM+h esa jgdj etnwjh djus dks etcwj gksuk iM+ jgk
gSA
fgUnqRoknh laxBuksa ds ncko ds pyrs jkT; ljdkj us 25 vxLr 1995 dks ,d dkuwu
cuk;k ftlls catkjk leqnk; dh vkthfodk dks rxM+k >Vdk yxkA **jktLFkku
xkoa’kh; i'kq ¼o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izotu ;k fu;kZr dk fofu;eu½ vf/kfu;e
1995** ds dkj.k catkjksa dks csyksa ds O;kikj esa dbZ fnDdrksa dks lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk
gSA tc ;s cSyksa dks cspus tkrs gS rc xkso’a k gR;k ds langs dk cgkuk cukdj buds csy
Nhu fy;s tkrs gaS o ekjihV dh tkrh gSA
lHkh izekf.kr nLrkost gksus ds ckotwn Hkh cgqr ls catkjs bl dkuwu ds f’kdkj gq, gS
vkSj vius csyksa dks xaokuk iM+k gSA ,sls idM+s gq, csyksa dks vDlj tIr dj xks’kkyk dks
liqnZ dj nsrs gSaA dbZ ckj i'kq esyksa ls vkrs oDr iqfyl catkjksa dks jksdrh gS xkfM+;ksa
dh tkap dh tkrh gS] buds lkFk ekjihV dh tkrh gS] buds iSls Nhu fy;s tkrs gS vkSj
buds fo:) fofHkUu /kkjkvksa esa eqdnek ntZ dj fn;k tkrk gSA

leL;k,a
vkt catkjk leqnk; fuEu leL;kvksa dk lkeuk dj jgk gS&
1. igpku dk ladV& V buds ikl jk'ku dkMZ] QksVks igpku i= vkfn dksbZ
nLrkost ugha gSA ftlls ;s ljdkjh lqfo/kkvksa dk ykHk ys ldsaA
2. vkokl & dbZ yksxksa ds ikl vkokl ugha gS rFkk dqN yksx fdlh LFkku ij
dkfct gS rks mUgs xzke iapk;r ;k LFkkuh; iz'kklu vk;s fnu foLFkkfir djrs
jgrs gSA
3. vkftfodk & jktLFkku xkso'a kh; i'kq ¼o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izotu ;k
fu;kZr dk fofu;eu½ vf/kfu;e 1995 dh vkM+ esa rFkkdfFkr fgUnqRooknh laxBu
iqfyl ls feyhHkxr djds fofHkUu iq'k esyksa ls vk jgh xkfM+;ksa dh ryk'kh djrs
oDr i'kq ekfyd catkjks]a L=h] iq:"kks]a cPpksa ds lkFk ekjihV djrs gSa muls #i;s
Nhu ysrs gSa rFkk mDr vf/kfu;e dh fofHkUu /kkjkvksa esa eqdnek ntZ djok] csyksa
dh bUgh dfFkr laxBuksa }kjk lapkfyr xks'kkykvksa dks lqinq Z dj fn;k tkrk gSA
ijEijkxr O;kikj ladV esa gS rFkk dksbZ xjhekiw.kZ O;kikj dk fodYi ugha gSA
4. ewyHkwr lqfo/kk,a & dbZ catkjksa cfLr;ksa esa ikuh] fctyh] fpfdRlk dh dksbZ lqfo/kk
ugha gS
5. f'k{kk& lnSo ?kqeUrq thou ;kiu djrs gaS] ftlds pyrs buds cPps i<+ ugha ikrs
vkSj ljdkj us buds fy, dksbZ f'k{kk dh fo'ks"k O;oLFkk ugha dh gSA
6. egkujsxk & buds ikl jk'ku dkMZ ugha gksus ls ujsxk ds rgr tkWc dkMZ ugha
cus gSA vr% budks ujsxk ds rgr dke ugha feyrk gSA
7. vkj{k.k& jkT; esa catkjk vks-ch-lh- eas vkrk gS] xqtZj vkanksyu ds ckn ,l-ch-lh-
esa Mkyk x;k fdUrq tutkfr esa vkus ;ksX; catkjks dks bl vkj{k.k ls dksbZ ykHk
feyus okyk ugha gSA
8. catkjk ijaijkxr ou esa jgus okyh tkfr gS ysfdu ou vf/kdkj dkuwu 2005 ds
rgr budks muds gdksa ls oafpr j[kk x;k gSA
ekaxs
1. lHkh dk losZ dj ,sls jk'ku dkMZ] QksVks igpku i= vkfn cuk;s tkos tks mudh
?kqearw thou 'kSyh ds vuqlkj dke vk ldsA
2. budks fu%'kqYd vkoklh; Hkw[k.M fn;s tk,a rFkk tgka jg jgs ogka xzkeh.k {ks= esa
iapk;r vkSj 'kgjh {ks= esa LFkkuh; fudk; fu%'kqYd iV~Vs djsAa lkFk gh buds
fy, fo'ks"k vkoklh; ;kstuk cukbZ tk,A
3. ijaijkxr O;olk; dks /;ku esa j[kdj bu ij dksbZ vR;kpkj ugha gksuk pkfg,A
vr% d`f"k ;ksX; csyksa dks Ø; foØ; djus dk ykblsUl fn;k tk;sA
4. bl leqnk; dks ch-ih-,y- esa tksM+k tk;sA ftuds ujsxk ds rgr~ tkWc dkMZ ugha
cus gSa muds tkWcdkMZ cuk;s tk;sA

5. catkjksa ij **jktLFkku xkso'a kh; iq'k ¼o/k dk izfr"ks/k vkSj vLFkk;h izotu ;k
fu;kZr dk fofu;eu½ vf/kfu;e 1995** ds rgr~ 1995 ls vc rd ftrus Hkh
eqndesa ntZ gq, gSa mudh fu"i{k tkap ,oa leh{kk ds fy, desVh dk xBu fd;k
tk,A
6. ikuh] fctyh] fpfdRlk tSlh ewyHkwr lqfo/kk,a miyC/k djkbZ tk;s rFkk f'k{kk ds
fy, fo'ks"k vkoklh; Nk=kokl [kksys tk;A
7. buds lkFk gksus okys HksnHkko o vR;kpkj ij laon s u'khyrk j[kh tk;sA
8. lgfj;k dh rtZ ij fo'ks"k fodkl ;kstuk cukbZ tk;sA
9. bl leqnk; dk lkekftd] vkfFkZd] 'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr ij fo'ks"k v/;;u djk;k
tkosA
10. catkjk dks vuqlfw pr tu tkfr esa lfEefyr fd;k tk;s rFkk tks catkjs ouksa esa
dkfct gS mUgsa ou vf/kdkj dkuwu 2005 ds rgr iV~Vs tkjh fd;s tk;sA D;ksa
fd catkjk Hkh ouksa esa fuokl djus okyh ijaijkxr tkfr gSA
11. jkT; esa ?kqearq vk;ksx cuk;k tk,A

Kkiu
fnukad& 21-
21-10-
10-10
Jheku v'kksd xgyksr

eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
fo"k;& dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds le{k vk jgh leL;kvksa ds Rofjr fujkdj.k ds lac/a k esAa
lanHkZ& ukxfjd gd lEesyu ¼21 vDVwcj 2010] LVsP;w ldZy½ ds nkSjku mBs eqn~nAs
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd ukxfjd gd lEesyu esa dkycsfy;k leqnk; ls lacfa /kr
ekaxs bl izdkj gS &
dkycsfy;k leqnk; dh eq[; ekax

a s
1. iwjs dkycsfy;k leqnk; dks ch-ih-,y- esa 'kkfey fd;k tk;sA

2. jktLo fjdkWMZ esa ftu dkycsfy;k yksxkss ds uke ds lkFk ukFk vFkok tksxh fy[kk
gqvk gS] mudk jktLo fjdkWMZ dk 'kqf}dj.k fd;k tk;sA
3. tks Hkh dkycsfy;k O;fDr ftl Hkh xkao esa ftl Hkh Hkwfe ij ?kj cukdj jg jgk
gS mls ogha ij vkoklh; iV~Vk nsdj HkwLokfeRo fn;k tk;sA
4. dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds Nk= Nk=kvksa ds v/;;u gsrq fo'ks"k vkoklh; fo|ky;

cuk;s tk;sA ;s Nk=kokl vEcsMdj vkoklh; fo|ky; vFkok dLrwjck xkak/kh
vkoklh; fo/kky;ksa dh rtZ ij cusAa
5. lgfj;k leqnk; dh rtZ ij leLr dkycsfy;kvksa dks vkaxuokM+h dk ykHk nsus

ds fy;s izR;sd dkycsfy;ka cLRkh esa **eka ckM+h** ;kstuk [kksyh tk;sA
6. dkycsfy;k leqnk; dh vkfFkZd] lkekftd ,oa 'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr;ksa ij ,d

izekf.kd v/;;u o 'kks/k fd;k tk;s
7. dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds yksx s ksa dh e`R;q gksus ij mudks nQukus ds ekeyksa esa vk
jgh leL;kvksa ds en~nus tj mUgsa 'e'kku Hkwfe ,ykWV dh tk;sA
8. >wBs eqdneksa ds vk/kkj ij vDlj gksus okys iqfyl mRihM+uk dks jksdk tk;sA
9. Hkwfeghu dkycsfy;k ifjokjksa dks d`f"k Hkwfe dk vkaoVu fd;k tk;s ftuds uke ij
/kkjk 91 dh jlhnssa cuh gqbZ gS]mudks ogha Hkwfe vykWV dj fn;k tk;sA
10. dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds fy;s iDds edkuksa ds fuek.kZ gsrq dkycsfy;k vkoklh;
;kstuk cukbZ tk;sA
11. egkRek xka/kh jkstxkj xkj.Vh ;kstuk esa lHkh dkycsfy;k ifjokjksa ds tkWc dkMZ
cuk;k tk;s] ekaxus ij dke feys rFkk dk;ZLFky ij ikuh fiykus ds dke esa mUgsa
izkFkfedrk ls yxk;k tk;sA jkstxkj xkj.Vh esas gksus okys HksnHkko dks jksdk tk;sA
12. dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds yksxksa }kjk 'kiFk i= nsus ij] mlds vk/kkj ij tkfr
izek.k i= tkjh fd;k tk;sA
13. ftu LFkkuksa ij pjuksV@ pjkxkg Hkwfe ij dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds yksx cl x;s
gS ml Hkwfe dh fdLe ifjofrZr dh tk;s rkfd vkcknh Hkwfe ls mUgsa HkwLokfeRo
fey ldsA

14. dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds gLr f'kYi]u`R;] laxhr tSlh ijEijkxr dykvksa o
lkaLd`frd /kjksgjksa dk lja{k.k o loa/kZu fd;k tk;sA
15. ihus ds fy;s LoPN ikuh] lcds fy;s LokLF; ,oa fu%'kqYd f'k{kk rFkk fo|qr
dusD'ku lHkh dkycsfy;k cfLr;ksa rd vfoYkEc igaqps ,slh ge iqjtksj ekax djrs
gSA
Hkonh;
leLr dkycsfy;k leqnk;] jktLFkku
layXu %
4- dkycsfy;k leqnk; dk ifjp;
5- dkycsfy;k leqnk; dh dsl LVMht
dkycsfy;k leqnk; dh eq[; ekax
a s
1- iwjs dkycsfy;k leqnk; dks ch-ih-,y- esa 'kkfey fd;k tk;sA
2- jktLo fjdkWMZ esa ftu dkycsfy;k yksxkss ds uke ds lkFk ukFk vFkok tksxh fy[kk
gqvk gS] mudk jktLo fjdkWMZ dk 'kqf}dj.k fd;k tk;sA
3- tks Hkh dkycsfy;k O;fDr ftl Hkh xkao esa ftl Hkh Hkwfe ij ?kj cukdj jg jgk gS
mls ogha ij vkoklh; iV~Vk nsdj HkwLokfeRo fn;k tk;sA
4- dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds Nk= Nk=kvksa ds v/;;u gsrq fo'ks"k vkoklh; fo|ky; cuk;s
tk;sA ;s Nk=kokl vEcsMdj vkoklh; fo|ky; vFkok dLrwjck xkak/kh vkoklh;
fo/kky;ksa dh rtZ ij cusAa
5- lgfj;k leqnk; dh rtZ ij leLr dkycsfy;kvksa dks vkaxuokM+h dk ykHk nsus ds

fy;s izR;sd dkycsfy;ka cLRkh esa **eka ckM+h** ;kstuk [kksyh tk;sA
6- dkycsfy;k leqnk; dh vkfFkZd] lkekftd ,oa 'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr;ksa ij ,d izekf.kd

v/;;u o 'kks/k fd;k tk;s
7- dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds ykssxksa dh e`R;q gksus ij mudks nQukus ds ekeyksa esa vk jgh
leL;kvksa ds en~nus tj mUgsa 'e'kku Hkwfe ,ykWV dh tk;sA
8- >wBs eqdneksa ds vk/kkj ij vDlj gksus okys iqfyl mRihM+uk dks jksdk tk;sA
9- Hkwfeghu dkycsfy;k ifjokjksa dks d`f"k Hkwfe dk vkaoVu fd;k tk;s ftuds uke ij
/kkjk 91 dh jlhnssa cuh gqbZ gS]mudks ogha Hkwfe vykWV dj fn;k tk;sA

10-dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds fy;s iDds edkuksa ds fuek.kZ gsrq dkycsfy;k vkoklh; ;kstuk
cukbZ tk;sA
11- egkRek xka/kh jkstxkj xkj.Vh ;kstuk esa lHkh dkycsfy;k ifjokjksa ds tkWc dkMZ
cuk;k tk;s] ekaxus ij dke feys rFkk dk;ZLFky ij ikuh fiykus ds dke esa mUgsa
izkFkfedrk ls yxk;k tk;sA jkstxkj xkj.Vh esas gksus okys HksnHkko dks jksdk tk;sA
12- dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds yksxksa }kjk 'kiFk i= nsus ij] mlds vk/kkj ij tkfr izek.k
i= tkjh fd;k tk;sA
13- ftu LFkkuksa ij pjuksV@ pjkxkg Hkwfe ij dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds yksx cl x;s gS
ml Hkwfe dh fdLe ifjofrZr dh tk;s rkfd vkcknh Hkwfe ls mUgsa HkwLokfeRo fey
ldsA
14- dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds gLr f'kYi]u`R;] laxhr tSlh ijEijkxr dykvksa o

lkaLd`frd /kjksgjksa dk lja{k.k o loa/kZu fd;k tk;sA
15- ihus ds fy;s LoPN ikuh] lcds fy;s LokLF; ,oa fu%'kqYd f'k{kk rFkk fo|qr
dusD'ku lHkh dkycsfy;k cfLr;ksa rd vfoYkEc igaqps ,slh ge iqjtksj ekax djrs
gSA
dsl LVMh&
LVMh& 1
vR;kpkj dh gn

HkhyokM+k ftys dh ek.My rglhy dss loyksa dk [ksM+k fuoklh fd’ku ukFk dkycsfy;k
tks fd dkycsfy;k leqnk; ds lEEkkfur O;fDr gSA mu ij vejflag tks fd fprkSMx

+ <+
ftys ds [ksfj;k ckoM+h dk fuoklh gS us geyk dj ekjihV dh vksj xkyh xyksp dj
viekfur fd;kA oSls ;g vejflag vk;s fnu tqYe djrk jgrk gSA vHkh ;g fjokYoj
ysdj ?kwerk gS vkSj lkoZtfud rkSj ij /ked+h nsrk gS] Qksu ij ekjus dh /kedh nsrk gS
ftlls lekt esa Hk; dk ekgkSy gSA
&2&
eS xksxk nsoh fuoklh p#iqjk xzke iapk;r uks[kk rg- Hkkoyh ftyk mn;iqj dh jgus
okyh gwAa esjk ifjokj foxr 40 o"kksZ ls p:iqjk xkao esa jg jgk gS esjk ?kj ftl tehu
ij cuk gqvk gS mlesa ls vk/kh Hkwfe fcykuke gS vkSj vk/kh pkjkxkg gSA 40 o"kksZ ls
jgus ds ckctwn rglhy ls tehu o edku [kkyh djus dk ,d uksfVl vk;k gSA
ftlesa mDr tehu o edku dks ikap fnu esa [kkyh djus vkns’k gSA rFkk rglhy esas
cqyk;k gSA
&3&
feV~Bk ukFk firk os.kksjke fuoklh xaxk eq.kk] rg- Hknslj ftyk fprkSMx<+ jgus okyk gaw
eSa 40 lky ls mDr xkao fuokl dj jgk gSA eSa 40 lky ls pjuksV ij [ksrh dj jgs Fks
¼ f’koyky xkMjh ½ mDr O;fDr dks [kkrsnkjh gd ns fn;k x;k ijUrq eq>s vkt rd
mDr Hkwfe dk [kkrsnkjh gd ugha feyk gS rks bl izdkj dk HksnHkko D;ks\

dkycsfy;k lekt
dkycsfy;k leqnk; iwjs jktLFkku esa clk gqvk gSA ;gka ijaijkxr ,oa
?kqeUrw thou thrs gSA jktLFkku esa bUgs dkycsfy;k] tksxh] lisjk
vkfn ukeksa ls tkuk tkrk gSA ;s lkai idMuk o iRFkj f?klus dk
dk;Z djrs gS o dbZ {ks=ksa esa fHk{kko`fRr ,oa uxhuksa dk O;oLkk; o yksd
u`R; dk dk;Z Hkh djrs gSA
lkekftd vkfFkZd 'kS{kf.kd ,oa jktuhfrd :i ls vR;ar fiNM+s ?kqeUrw
dkycsfy;k vkt Hkh igpku] vkokl] vkthfodk] HksnHkko] vR;kpkj]
mRihM+u ,oa Hkwfeghurk ds ladV ls xqtj jgs gSA gkykfd ;s vuqlfw pr
tkfr esa 'kkfey gS ysfdu viuh [kkukcnkSl thou 'kSyh ls ?kqeUrw
leqnk;ksa dk fgLlk gSA

Kkiu
fnukad& 21-
21-10-
10-10
Jheku v'kksd xgyksr

eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
fo"k;& okYehfd leqnk; ds le{k vk jgh leL;kvksa ds Rofjr fujkdj.k ds lac/a k esAa
lanHkZ& ukxfjd gd lEesyu ¼21 vDVwcj 2010] LVsP;w ldZy½ ds nkSjku mBs eqn~nAs
egksn;]
mijksDr fo"k; esa fuosnu gS fd ukxfjd gd lEesyu esa okYehfd leqnk; ls lacfa /kr
fuEu leL;k;sa lkeus vkbZA
okYehfd leqnk; Hkh vU; leqnk;ksa dh rjg Lo;a vius vUn:uh leL;kvkas ls tw> jgk
gSA ysfdu ;gka dqN ,slh gh izeq[k leL;kvksa dks js[kkafdr fd;k tk jgk gS tks
laoS/kkfud ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh tokcnsgh ds vUrxZr Hkh vkrh gSA

1. leqnk; dh xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, vko’;d gS fd ljdkj eSyk izFkk ds izfr"ks/k
ds fy, Bksl ;kstuk,a rS;kj djs]a ftls ihfM+r ifjokj LFkk;h rkSj ij viuk ldsAa
oSd
a fYid jkstxkj ,oa izf’k{k.k dk;ZØe rsth ls pyk, tk,aA
2. xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, ;g Hkh vko’;d gS fd jkT; ljdkj leqnk; ds dqN
lfØ; izfrfuf/k lkekftd laxBuksa ds lkFk feydj bldh eksfuVfjax desVh
rS;kj djsa ,oa NqvkNwr] vR;kpkj] fgalk ,oa ljdkjh laLFkku] ifjlj] LFkyksa ij
?kfVr ?kVukvksa ds Rofjr fuokj.k dh ;kstuk rS;kj dh tk,A
3. okYehfd leqnk; dh xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, leqnk; ds ,sfrgkfld O;fDr;ksa ,oa
leqnk; dks xkSjokfUor djus okyh miyfC/k;ksa dks Ldwy ikB~;Øeksa esa vfuok;Z
:i ls lfEefyr fd;k tk,A
4. lkekftd U;k; ,oa vf/kdkfjrk foHkkx }kjk lapkfyr lHkh 63 LoPNdkj gksLVyksa
esa vfuok;Z :i ls okYehfd leqnk; ds cPpksa dks ukekafdr djkus dh izfØ;k
'kq: dh tk, ,oa blds lfØ; fØ;kUOk;u ds dk;ZØe gsrq fo’ks"k :i ls leqnk;
dh f’k{kk ls tqM+h laLFkkvks]a laxBuksa dks izkRs lkfgr fd;k tk,A
5. okYehfd leqnk; ds xaHkhj ekeyksa ;Fkk ekjihV] gR;k] cykRdkj] NsMN + kM+ tSlh
?kVukvksa dks jksdus gsrq xzke iapk;rksa dks vuqikyuk ds l[r funsZ’k fn, tk,aA
6. ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj] mPp f’k{kk esa izkQ s ’s kuy ,tqd’s ku gsrq _.k ;kstuk,a ykxw
fd;k tk,aA yM+fd;ksa ds v/;;u dks izkRs lkfgr djus gsrq fo’ks"k ;kstuk,a ykxw
dh tk,A
7. **Hkwfe vf/kdkj tkap ,oa fØ;kUo;u desVh** xfBr dh tk, ,oa blesa lfØ;
lekt dfeZ;ksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tk,A
8. mPp oxksaZ }kjk okYehfd;ksa dh dCtkbZ tehuksa ij okil leqnk; dk dCtk
fnyk;k tk,A
9. cfLr;ksa esa lM+d] ukyh] ikuh dh vko’;d O;oLFkk dh tk, rkfd os ikuh ds
fy, vU; oxZ ds L=ksrksa ij fuHkZj u jg ldsA fuf’pr :Ik ls bl izfØ;k ls
leqnk; ds lkFk NqvkNwr] ekjihV ds izdj.kksa esa deh vk,xhA
10. t:jrean okYehfd;ksa dk losZ dj vko’;d :i ls ch-ih-,y- esa 'kkfey fd,
tk,a ,oa bfUnjk vkokl ds rgr~ edku fufeZr fd, tk,A
11. Ldwyks]a dkWyts ksa esa Nk=&Nk=kvksa ds lkFk HksnHkko can gks ,oa mUgsa Nk=o`fr
forj.k ds vfuok;Z vkns’k ikfjr fd;s tk,aA
12. cfLr;ksa ds vanj ,oa mlds utnhd 'kjkc ds Bsdksa dks 1 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij
LFkkukarfjr fd;k tk,A ,slk ugha djus okyksa ds yk;lsal fuyafcr fd, tk,A
13. vkaxuckM+h dsUnz] jk’ku dh nqdkuksa ls leqnk; dks ykHk ls oafpr ugha fd;k
tk,A vr,o mUgs lfØ; fn’kkfunsZ’kksa vkns’k ikfjr dj izfrekg leqnk; ds yksxksa
ls izekf.kr fjiksVZ eaxkbZ tk,A
14. leqnk; ds yksxksa dks egkujsxk ls vko’;d :i ls tksM+k tk, ,oa lkbV ij gksus
okyh NqvkNwr dks jksdk tk, o Hkqxrku dh vuf;ferrkvksa dks rqjar jksdk tk,A
15. eqQ~r ,oa vfuok;Z f’k{kk dk vf/kdkj dkuwu 2009 dks izHkkoh <ax ls ykxw gksA
16. leqnk; ds cPpksa dks ckyJe esa tkus ls jksdus ds fy, t:jh gS fd leqnk; ds
efgyk&iq:"kksa ds fy;s Lojkstxkj ,oa iquokZl dh O;oLFkk lqfuf’pr dh tk;s A

17. jkT; lQkbZ dEkZpkjh vk;ksx dks lqn`<+ ,oa csgRrj cuk;k tk;sA
18. vk¡xuckM+h dsUnzksa ij fu;fer vkSj vfuok;Z :i ls leqnk; ds cPpksa ] xHkZorh
ekrk;ssa vkSj /kk=h ekrkvksa dks iks"k.k forfjr djus ds vfuok;Z vkns’k ikfjr fd;s
tk;sA
19. jktLFkku jkT; lQkbZ deZpkjh vk;ksx dk 'kh?kz xBu gksA
Hkonh;
leLr okYehfd leqnk;] jktLFkku
layXu %
6- okYehfd leqnk; dk ifjp;
7- okYehfd leqnk; dh leL;k,a ,oa ekaxs
8- okYehfd leqnk; dh dslLVMht

okYehfd
okYehfd leqnk;
lkekftd fLFkfr
nfyrksa esa Hkh vfr nfyr okYehfd leqnk; Hkkjr ds fHkUu&fHkUu {ks=ksa esa vyx&vyx
ukeksa ls tkuk tkrk gSA tSl&s Hkaxh] esgrj] pwgM+k] [kkdjkso]M+kes ] gyky[kksj rFkk dgha
dgha ij ykycsxh ds uke ls bl lQkbZ etnwj oxZ dkss igpkuk tkrk gSA vkt ;gh
lQkbZ Jfed oxZ lewps mRrj Hkkjr esa ,d dysfDVo vkbzMfs UVfV ds :I esa mHkj dj
lkeus vk;k gSA ^^ okYehfd leqnk;** dbZ {ks=ksa esa gfjtu ds uke ls Hkh tkuk tkrk gSA
gkykafd leqnk; dk cksf)d rcdk okYehfd uke ds ,sfrgkfld tqM+ko dks ysdj dbZ
izdkj ds oSpkfjd vUr}ZUn esa gSAa
Hkkjr esa leqnk; dh vke igpku gSA lQkbZ dk;Z dks leqnk; vHkh Hkh izkFkfedrk ls
vkthfodk ds :i esa djrk gSA cM+s iSekus ij cPps efgyk;ssa vkSj ;qok] cqtqxZ bl dk;Z
ls tqM+s gaSA ftl dkj.k vHkh Hkh cPps Ldwy ls okgj gSAa bl lQkbZ dh xan vkSj xUns
dk;Z us muds LokLF; vkSj iks"k.k ij xEHkhj vlj M+kyk gSA
Pkwfa d leqnk; dh ckfydk;sa vius ekrk&firk ds lkFk lQkbZ dk;Z LFky ij tkrs gSa
ifj.kker% os Ldwy ls okgj jgdj f’k{kk ls oafpr jg tkrs gSAa leqnk; ds cPpksa ds
lkFk Ldwyksa esa HksnHkko Hkh cM+h la[;k esa MªkWi vkmV dk dkj.k gSA ckyd&ckfydk;sa dks
Ldwyksa esa fu;fer Bgjko djuk vHkh Hkh ,d cM+h pqukSrh ds :i esa gSA ,ls Hkh rF;
lkeus vk;s gSa fd Ldwy esa lQkbZ dk;Z ] VkW;ysV Dyhu odZ leqnk; ds cPPkksa ls gh
djk;k tkrk gSAa
vkfFkZ
vkfFkZd fLFkfr
okYehfd leqnk; dk iSr`d ,oa ijEijkxr jkstxkj lQkbZ Je gh jgk gSA vHkh o`gr
Lrj ij E;qfufliy dkWjiksj’s ku ,oa fcjr dk;Z ¼tqtekuh lQkbZ dk;Z½ dks gh vkthfodk
dk izeq[k vk/kkj cuk;k gqvk gSA leqnk; dh vkthfodk dks cgqr lLrk Je ekuk tkrk
gSA bl izdkj lLrs Je dh vkthfodk us leqnk; dks vkfFkZd :i fiNkM+ j[kk gS rks
nwljh rjQ xfjeke; thou thus ds fo:) ,d cM+h pqukSfr ds :i esa lkeus gSA

jktuhfrd fLFkfr
leqnk; dk jktuhfrd fo’ys"k.k Hkh fupys ik;nku dk gh ekuk tk ldrk gSA leqnk;
ds T;knkrj lkekftd laxBu tkfr ds van:uh mBk&iVd ls tw> jgs gSa vkSj os
,dne fdlh dq’ky usrR` o vHkko esa gSA tks dHkh Hkh lkewfgd igy esa vkus dh fLFkfr
esa ugha gksrs gS]a ;gh dkj.k gS fd mRrj Hkkjr esa vk;s fnu fgalk vkSj vU; nq?kZVukvksa ds
[kkSQukd fdLls lkeus vkrs jgrs gSAa ;w¡ rks laxBu ogk¡ ij rkRdkfyd igy rks ysrs gSa
ysfdu la?k"kZ esa fdlh Bksl urhts rd igq¡pus ls igys gh ne rksM+ nsrs gSAa bl izdkj
jktuhfrd usr`Ro dk Hkh dksjkdV~V vHkko gSA
'kS{kf.kd fLFkfr
^^f’k{kk dk vf/kdkj** dkuwu cu tkus ds ckotwn okYehfd leqnk; ds cPps vHkh Hkh
Ldwy ds ckgj gSA vkSj rFkkdfFkr mPpoxhZ; f’k{k.kx.k mUgs Ldwy esa ykus ds bPNqd
ugha gSA
ftu Ldwyksa esa cPps gS ogka muds lkFk ,e-M+h-,e- esa HksnHkko ] d{kk d{k esa vU;
rFkkdfFkr mPpoxhZ; okyd&ckfydkvksa }kjk HksnHkko tkjh gSA vf/kdka’k Ldwyksa esa
leqnk; ds cPpksa ls gh lQkbZ dk;Z djk;k tkrk gSA cgqr ls Ldwyksa esa rks tkucw>dj
leqnk; ds cPpksa dks ^^vLoPNdkj Nk=o`fr** dk ykHk ysus ls oafpr fd;k tkrk gS ;k
laLFkk iz/kkuksa }kjk tkfrHksn dh Hkkouk ds dkj.k lwph cukdj gh ugha Hksth tkrh gSA
blds vykok Ldwyksa esa cPps dbZ izdkj ds Hksn ds f’kdkj gksus ds dkj.k Ldwyksa ls MªkWi
vkmV gks tkrs gSAa
LokLF; ,oa iks"k.k dh fLFkfr

leqnk; ds cPpks& a efgyk&iq:"kksa ds LokLF; esa Hkkjh fxjkoV gSA vk¡xuckM+h dsUnksa esa
vf/kdka’kr% xHkZorh o /kk=h efgykvksa vkSj NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk HksnHkko fd;k tkrk gS ;k
mUgsa dsUnzksa ls tksM+k gh ugha tkrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa os ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dk YkkHk ysus ls
oafpr jg tkrs gSAa
yxkrkj vf’k{kk okrkoj.k ds jgrs os LokLF; vkSj iks"k.k ds mfpr ekin.M+ksa dks ugha
le> ikrs gS vkSj dbZ okj erZok xaHkhj vkfFkZd fnDdrksa ds dkj.k fu;fer mfpr
vkgkj ls oafpr jgrs gSAa ,slh fLFkfr esa cPpksa o efgykvksa dk lgh iks"k.k ugha gks ikus
ds dkj.k fofHkUu izdkj ds jksxksa ls xzflr jgrs gSa ,oa vle; gh e`R;w ds f’kdkj gks
tkrs gSAa
okYehfd leqnk; dh izeq[k leL;k,a

leqnk; vHkh Hkh vuxfur leL;kvksa ls tw> jgk gSAa bu leL;kvksa ds jgrs leqnk; ds
fodkl dh xfr dgha&dgha rks fcYdqy vo:) gks xbZ gS rks dgha fcYdqy /kheh xfr esa
gSA uxjh; ,oa xzkeh.k v/;;uksa ls ;g irk yxk;k tk ldrk gSA ;gka izeq[k leL;k,a
fuEufyf[kr gS&
vkthfodk
• ch-ih-,y- lwfp esa xzke iapk;rksa ds tkfrxr HksnHkko ds dkj.k ykHk ls oafpr gksus
dh leL;k,a
• okYehfd ifjokjksa dh FkksM+h cgqr d`f"k Hkwfe dks mPp oxksZa }kjk dCtk djus dh
leL;kA
• lQkbZ dk;Z] eSyk <ksus ds dk;Z ds fodYi dk dksbZ Bksl vU; O;olkf;d dk;Z
dk ugha gksukA
• vke tyk’k;ksa ij NqvkNwr ,oa ikuh dh xaHkhj leL;k,aA
f’k{kk&
• Ldwy esa cPpksa ds lkFk NqvkNwr dh leL;kA

• vLoPNdkj Nk=o`fr forj.k esa HksnHkko dh leL;kA
• lkekftd U;k; ,oa vf/kdkfjrk foHkkx }kjk lapkfyr }kjk 63 LoPNdkj gksLVyksa
esa ls 51 LoPNdkj gksLVyksa esa leqnk; ds ,d Hkh cPps dk ukekadu u gksuk dh
leL;kA
• izfrHkk’kkyh Nk=&Nk=kvksa ds fy, mPp v/;;u dh lqfo/kk,a u gksukA
• vf/kdka’k txgksa ij izkFkfed fo|ky;ksa dk cfLr;ksa ls dkQh nwj gksuk ftl
dkj.k NksVs cPps Ldwy ugha tk ikrs gSAa
• 'kkykiwoZ f’k{kk dk cfLr;ksa esa vkaxuckM+h dsUnzksa }kjk O;oLFkk u djukA
• ftyk eq[;ky;ksa ij dkyst f’k{kk gsrq fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, Nk=koklksa dh lqfo/kk,a
u gksukA
vkj{k.k&
• leqnk; dks vuqlfw pr tkfr ds fy, ykxw vkj{k.k O;oLFkk ds fy,] vius vfr
lkekftd] jktuSfrd] 'ks{kf.kd fiNM+is u ds dkj.k ykHk u ysus dh fLFkfr esa u
gksuk
fgalk &
• gR;k] ekjihV] cykRdkj] NsMN + kM] vkxtuh ds }kjk leqnk; dks ges’kk
rFkkdfFkr mPp tkfroknh ekufldrk ds yksxksa }kjk [kkSQ esas j[kk tkukA ges’kk
vf/kdrj ekeyksa dks nckus ds fy, leqnk; ds mij gh >wBs eqdnesa BksdukA
ekuokf/kdkj dh vkoktksa dks nckus dk iz;kl djukA
• iz’kklu ,oa iqfyl }kjk leqnk;ksa dks lg;ksx u feyuk
leqnk; dh ize[q k ekaxs
okYehfd leqnk; Hkh vU; leqnk;ksa dh rjg Lo;a vius vUn:uh leL;kvkas ls tw> jgk
gSA ysfdu ;gka dqN ,slh gh izeq[k leL;kvksa dks js[kkafdr fd;k tk jgk gS tks
laoS/kkfud ,oa jkT; ljdkj dh tokcnsgh ds vUrxZr Hkh vkrh gSA
20. leqnk; dh xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, vko’;d gS fd ljdkj eSyk izFkk ds izfr"ks/k
ds fy, Bksl ;kstuk,a rS;kj djs]a ftls ihfM+r ifjokj LFkk;h rkSj ij viuk ldsAa
oSd
a fYid jkstxkj ,oa izf’k{k.k dk;ZØe rsth ls pyk, tk,aA
21. xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, ;g Hkh vko’;d gS fd jkT; ljdkj leqnk; ds dqN
lfØ; izfrfuf/k lkekftd laxBuksa ds lkFk feydj bldh eksfuVfjax desVh
rS;kj djsa ,oa NqvkNwr] vR;kpkj] fgalk ,oa ljdkjh laLFkku] ifjlj] LFkyksa ij
?kfVr ?kVukvksa ds Rofjr fuokj.k dh ;kstuk rS;kj dh tk,A
22. okYehfd leqnk; dh xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy, leqnk; ds ,sfrgkfld O;fDr;ksa ,oa
leqnk; dks xkSjokfUor djus okyh miyfC/k;ksa dks Ldwy ikB~;Øeksa esa vfuok;Z
:i ls lfEefyr fd;k tk,A
23. lkekftd U;k; ,oa vf/kdkfjrk foHkkx }kjk lapkfyr lHkh 63 LoPNdkj gksLVyksa
esa vfuok;Z :i ls okYehfd leqnk; ds cPpksa dks ukekafdr djkus dh izfØ;k
'kq: dh tk, ,oa blds lfØ; fØ;kUOk;u ds dk;ZØe gsrq fo’ks"k :i ls leqnk;
dh f’k{kk ls tqM+h laLFkkvks]a laxBuksa dks izkRs lkfgr fd;k tk,A
24. okYehfd leqnk; ds xaHkhj ekeyksa ;Fkk ekjihV] gR;k] cykRdkj] NsMN + kM+ tSlh
?kVukvksa dks jksdus gsrq xzke iapk;rksa dks vuqikyuk ds l[r funsZ’k fn, tk,aA
25. ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj] mPp f’k{kk esa izkQ s ’s kuy ,tqd’s ku gsrq _.k ;kstuk,a ykxw
fd;k tk,aA yM+fd;ksa ds v/;;u dks izkRs lkfgr djus gsrq fo’ks"k ;kstuk,a ykxw
dh tk,A
26. **Hkwfe vf/kdkj tkap ,oa fØ;kUo;u desVh** xfBr dh tk, ,oa blesa lfØ;
lekt dfeZ;ksa dks lfEefyr fd;k tk,A
27. mPp oxksaZ }kjk okYehfd;ksa dh dCtkbZ tehuksa ij okil leqnk; dk dCtk
fnyk;k tk,A
28. cfLr;ksa esa lM+d] ukyh] ikuh dh vko’;d O;oLFkk dh tk, rkfd os ikuh ds
fy, vU; oxZ ds L=ksrksa ij fuHkZj u jg ldsA fuf’pr :Ik ls bl izfØ;k ls
leqnk; ds lkFk NqvkNwr] ekjihV ds izdj.kksa esa deh vk,xhA
29. t:jrean okYehfd;ksa dk losZ dj vko’;d :i ls ch-ih-,y- esa 'kkfey fd,
tk,a ,oa bfUnjk vkokl ds rgr~ edku fufeZr fd, tk,A
30. Ldwyks]a dkWyt s ksa esa Nk=&Nk=kvksa ds lkFk HksnHkko can gks ,oa mUgsa Nk=o`fr
forj.k ds vfuok;Z vkns’k ikfjr fd;s tk,aA
31. cfLr;ksa ds vanj ,oa mlds utnhd 'kjkc ds Bsdksa dks 1 fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij
LFkkukarfjr fd;k tk,A ,slk ugha djus okyksa ds yk;lsal fuyafcr fd, tk,A
32. vkaxuckM+h dsUnz] jk’ku dh nqdkuksa ls leqnk; dks ykHk ls oafpr ugha fd;k
tk,A vr,o mUgs lfØ; fn’kkfunsZ’kksa vkns’k ikfjr dj izfrekg leqnk; ds yksxksa
ls izekf.kr fjiksVZ eaxkbZ tk,A
33. leqnk; ds yksxksa dks egkujsxk ls vko’;d :i ls tksM+k tk, ,oa lkbV ij gksus
okyh NqvkNwr dks jksdk tk, o Hkqxrku dh vuf;ferrkvksa dks rqjar jksdk tk,A
34. eqQ~r ,oa vfuok;Z f’k{kk dk vf/kdkj dkuwu 2009 dks izHkkoh <ax ls ykxw gksA
35. leqnk; ds cPpksa dks ckyJe esa tkus ls jksdus ds fy, t:jh gS fd leqnk; ds
efgyk&iq:"kksa ds fy;s Lojkstxkj ,oa iquokZl dh O;oLFkk lqfuf’pr dh tk;s A
36. jkT; lQkbZ dEkZpkjh vk;ksx dks lqn`<+ ,oa csgRrj cuk;k tk;sA
37. vk¡xuckM+h dsUnzksa ij fu;fer vkSj vfuok;Z :i ls leqnk; ds cPpksa ] xHkZorh
ekrk;ssa vkSj /kk=h ekrkvksa dks iks"k.k forfjr djus ds vfuok;Z vkns’k ikfjr fd;s
tk;sA
38. jktLFkku jkT; lQkbZ deZpkjh vk;ksx dk 'kh?kz xBu gksA

?kqearw ,oa
,oa oafpr leqnk;ks
k;ksa ds izLrko
t;iqj] 21 vDVwcj 2010 dks ^^?kqeUrw ,oa oafpr oxksZ ds ukxfjd lEesyu ** esa 21
vDVwcj 2010 dks vk;s ge jktLFkku ds oafpr] ?kqeUrw oxksZa ds yksx fuEe fyf[kr izLrko
loZ lEefr ls ikfjr djrs gSA
• ge jktLFkku esa eSyk izFkk dk lewy mUewyu djsxAsa

• ge vius ukxfjd gdksa dh izkfIr gsrq 'kkafrfiz; ,oa vfgalkRed rjhdks als la?k"kZ
djsxAsa
• leqnk; dh xfjek LFkkiuk ds fy;s lg/kekZ laxBuk@laLFkkvks@ a O;fDr;ksa ds lkFk
lEkUo; LFkkfir dj tu tkx`fr vfHk;ku pyk;sxAsa
• lkekftd ifjorZu ds bl fopkj dks ewrZ :i nsus ds fy;s ,d O;kid ,oa
lefUor izfØ;k pykus dk iz;kl djsxsAa
• fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa ge Nqvk&Nwr] HksnHkko] vR;kpkj u rks lgsxa s vkSj u gh fdlh
ij djsxAsa
• dk;ZLFkyksa ij gksus okys efgyk mRihM+u ls cpko ds fy;s efgykvksa dks laxfBr
djsxAsa
• xzkl:V ehfM;k ds tfj;s ^^*gkf’k;s dh vkoktks* dks mHkkjus dk iz;kl djsxAsa
• ljdkj }kjk lkeqnkf;d fodkl ds fy;s lapkfyr lHkh ;kstukvksa ds mfpr
fØ;kUo;u ds fy;s laxfBr iz;kl djsx a Asa
• Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj ekuoh; Øwjrk ds fo:) lkewfgd vkokt mBk;sxAsa
• lekt esa O;kIr cqjkb;ksa ;Fkk& u’kk] va/kfo’okl] cky fookg] fyaxHksn] e`R;qHkkst
dk lkewfgd izfrdkj djsxAsa

• lHkh oafpr] ?kqeUrw oxZ ds jk"Vªh; Lo/khurk laxzke esa 'kghn] ,sfrgkfld O;fDr;ksa
dh dgkfu;ksa dks izpkfjr&izlkfjr djsxsa ,oa mUgsa lkekftd psruk ds crkSj
izrhd :i esa LFkkfir djsxAsa
• vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy;s jkstxkj ds xfjekiw.kZ oSdfYid ek/;eksa dks pqux s Asa
• jktLFkku ds lHkh ljdkjh 63 LoPNdkj gkWLVyksa esa leqnk; ds cPps tqM+ ldsa
blds fy;s iz;kl djsxsaA
• jktLFkku esa nfyr 'kksf"kr ?kqearqvksa ds lkFk tgka Hkh gR;k] ekjihV] efgyk
mRihM+u] vkxtuh dh ?kVuk;sa gksxh] ge mUgsa bl eap ls iqjtksj rjhds ls fojks/k
djsxAsa
ge mn~?kks"k.kk djrs gS fd mDr izLrkfor ckarks ds lapkyu ,oa ewY;kadu gsrq okf"kZd
xfrfof/k;ka ,oa ,d lrr izfØ;k LFkkfir djsxsaA

Kkiu
fnukad& 11-11-2010
Jheku v’kksd xgyksr th
eq[;ea=h
jktLFkku ljdkj
egksn;]
[kS:vk tkfr dh fuEu ekaxs gS &
1- [kS:vk tkfr dks tutkfr dk ntkZ fn;k tk,A

2- [kS:vk tutkfr dks ch-ih-,y- esa 'kkfey fd;k tk,A
3- [kS:vk tutkfr ds yksxksa dks vkokl ;kstuk ds lkFk tksM+k tk,A
4- [kS:vk tutkfr ds yksxksa ds cPPkksa dks lgfj;k tkfr ds cPpksa dh rjg gh vkoklh; Nk=koklksa
esa izo’s k nsdj f’k{kk miyC/k djokbZ tk,A
5- ou vf/kdkj vf/kfu;e 2005 ds rgr [kS:vk tutkfr dks d`f"k ou Hkwfe ds iV~Vs fn, tk,A
egksn; vkils fouez vkxzg gS fd mDr leL;kvksa ij xaHkhjrk ls fopkj dj lek/kku gsrq vko’;d
dne mBk, o fu.kZ; fy, tk,A
lg;ksx dh vis{kk ds lkFk---------------------

Hkonh;
tlksnk nsoh [kS:vk
eq-iks-&ihatuh] rg-&fd’kuxat]
ftyk&ckjka ¼jktLFkku½


See Sections 11 and 12 of Chapter 3

See Annexure 13




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Minimum Wages

2 October 2010 - 17 November 2010

Chapter 1 Crisis in MGNREGA: Priority Issues 6

Chapter 2 Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha 10

Section 1 About the Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha 10

Section 2 Calendar of events 14

Chapter 3 Important documents related to the issues raised in the satyagraha 18

Section 1 Indira Jaising’s legal opinion 18

Section 2 Andhra Pradesh High Court Order 23

Section 3 Re. 1 per day payment in Gudilya village, Tonk district 26

Section 4 Relevant Recommendations from the Working Group on Transparency 30

Section 5 Government order denying registration for the Rajasthan Mazdoor 35

Section 7 File notings on the minimum wage issue 44

Section 8 Letter from Government of Rajasthan to the Government of India 50

Section 9 Open statement from eminent jurists on non-payment of minimum 52

Section 10 Emergency recommendations on NREGA wage policy by the CEGC 55

Section 12 NAC press release on minimum wages 65

Section 13 Letter from Ashok Gehlot to Manmohan Singh 66

Section 14 Letter to C. P. Joshi about his incorrect statements in the media 68

Section 15 Letter from Rosaiah to Manmohan Singh 69

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 3

Section 17 Signed agreement with the Government of Rajasthan on the basis of 81

Section 18 People’s Pay Commission 82

Chapter 4 Articles of note from the media coverage of the issue 92

Section 1 On guarantees anymore, 3rd October 2010, The Hindu 93

Section 2 The wages of discontent, 23rd October 2010, The Hindu 95

Chapter 6 Flexes used in the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 129

Chapter 7 Songs from the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 139

Chapter 8 Press releases of the Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha 151

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 4

1. Violation of the Minimum Wages Act

2. Crisis of Wage Policy

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 6

3. Continued Delays in Wage Payments

Unfortunately, all the accountability provisions of MGNREGA (especially (i) unemployment

b) Undermining Public Vigilance and Social Audits

Another aspect of the deliberately weakened accountability structure is the undermining of

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 7

5. Dysfunctionality of the Central Employment Guarantee Council

6. Bharat Nirman Rajiv Gandhi Seva Kendras

In mid-2009, the Ministry of Rural Development launched a wholly misconceived

7. Securing the workers’ fundamental right to association

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 8

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 9

About the Mazdoor Haq Yatra and Satyagraha

Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha

The significance of the Satyagraha beginning on 2nd October is manifold.

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 10

• a Mazdoori Jan Aayog [People’s Commission on Wages] to discuss the sanctity of

• a Panchayati Raj Sashaktikaran Sammelan for real the strengthening of the

• Public Hearings on MGNREGA to look into the status of implementations of the

• the demand for setting up of an Accountability Commission to decide tasks and

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 11

Suchna evum Rozgar Ka Adhikar Abhiyan (S R Abhiyan)

Address: 20, Narain Nagar, Badgaon, District Udaipur, Rajasthan

Fax: +91 294 2451391

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 12

Landline: +91 141 2740019

Mobile: +91 9252489519

Address: BARC, P-1, Tilak Marg, C Scheme, Jaipur, Rajasthan – 302001

Landline: +91 141 2385254

Minimum Wages and Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha Page 13

Mazdoor Haq Satyagraha – A Platform for Democracy

• a Mazdoori Jan Aayog [People’s Commission on Wages] to discuss the sanctity of