Vertical Circulation & Service ..: Study On

Study on
Vertical Circulation & Service……………..

Vertical circulation:
Vertical circulation, as usually applied in architecture, is the movement of people and goods between
interior spaces in buildings and to entrances and exits. Safe, convenient, rapid circulation is essential for
all buildings under both normal and emergency conditions.
Element of Vertical circulation:

1. RAMP.
2. STAIR.
3. ESCALATOR.
4. ELEVATOR.
Service:
Simply state that service is defined as those part of a building that consists of the service lift, fire stair,
Toilet, M&E service riser duct .
Element of Service :
1. TOILET
2. FIRE STAIR.
3. SERVICE/FIRE ELEVATOR
4. RISER DUCT
Elements of service :
PLAN: SEARS TOWER
1. TOILET
1
2. PLUMBING
3. DUCTING
4. SERVICE/FIRE LIFT
5. FIRE STAIR
Core:
The core of a multistory building that integrates functions and service
needs for established occupants. Such areas are normally composed of
toilet facilities, elevator banks, janitors’ closet, utilities, mechanical
facilities, smoke shafts and stair.
Core also known as facade envelope is a spatial element for load-

bearing high-rise building system
Types of core:
1. central core
2. Split core
3. End core
4. Atrium core
Structure of Core:
a. If the building structure been R.C.C,the core structure should be shear

wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.
b. If the building structure been steel , the core structure should be steel
structure. In this case core structure may be R.C.C structure.
c. If the building structure been Composite ,the core structure should be

shear wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:
(ELEVATOR)
ARRANGEMENT TWO-CAR GROUPING
•Side-by-side arrangement is best

•Passenger face both cars& can react immediately
•AVOID separation of elevators
•EXCESSIVE separation destroy advantages of group
operation
THREE-CAR GROUPING
•3 cars in a row is PREFERRABLE

•2 cars opposite 1 is acceptable
•PROBLEM: location of elevator call button
(ELEVATOR)
ARRANGEMENT FOUR-CAR
GROUPING
•commonly in large, busier buildings

•2-opposite-2 arrangement is the most
efficient
ARRANGEMENT EIGHT-CAR
SIX-CAR GROUPING GROUPING
•the largest PRACTICAL group

•found in large office buildings, public
•4-opposite-4 arrangement
buildings & hospitals
•provide quantity & quality
•3-opposite-3 position is PREFERRED
•dimension of the LOBBY must not be
less than 3m or 3.6m if function as a
passageway
(ELEVATOR)
EXPRESS ELEVATOR :
• fastest elevator
• interval stoppage: specific floor
• interval time: 33 ft/s(World Trade Centre)
54 ft/s (Taipei 101)
LOCAL ELEVATOR :
• normal speedy elevator
• interval stoppage: each floor
• interval time: up to 10 ft/s
(ELEVATOR)
1.Central Core
Elevator position
preferable in centre
&Horizontal
circulation is easier
ELEVATOR
(ELEVATOR)
2.Split Core
Individual elevator layout

position according to using
purpose &
Horizontal circulation is not
easier
ELEVATOR
(ELEVATOR)
3.End Core
Horizontal circulation is not

easier
ELEVATOR
(ELEVATOR)
4.Atrium Core
Horizontal circulation
is easier
ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:
(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
1.Central Core
Easily escape for central

position & mechanical lighting
STAIR & FIRE EXIT

(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
2.Split Core
More easily escape for split

position
STAIR & FIRE EXIT

(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
3.End Core
Easily escape for end

position
STAIR & FIRE EXIT

(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
4.Atrium Core
Mechanical lighting
STAIR & FIRE EXIT

(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)
1.Central Core
FIRE ELEVATOR
SERVICE ELEVATOR
2.Split Core
FIRE ELEVATOR
SERVICE ELEVATOR
3.End Core
FIRE ELEVATOR
SERVICE ELEVATOR
4.Atrium Core
SERVICE
ELEVATOR
(TOILET)
• Toilet layout should be in service core

• Toilet block should be near of riser duct
• Block position is located in a place so that
people can use it without access in lift lobby
(TOILET)
1.Central Core
TOILET
(TOILET)
2.Split Core
TOILET
(TOILET)
3.End Core
TOILET
(TOILET)
4.Atrium Core
TOILET
(RISER DUCT)
• Duct layout should be near of toilet block for cost effective ducting
• Duct shaft should be included maintenance door
(RISER DUCT)
1.Central Core
RISER DUCT
(RISER DUCT)
2.Split Core
RISER DUCT
(RISER DUCT)
3.End Core
RISER DUCT
(RISER DUCT)
4.Atrium Core
RISER DUCT
(VENTILATION)
Ventilating is the process of replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality ( to control
temperature, replenish oxygen, or remove moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria and
carbon dioxide). Ventilation is used to remove unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduce
outside air, to keep interior building air circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air.
Types of ventilation:
1. Natural ventilation: occurs when the air in a space is
changed with outdoor air without the use of mechanical
systems, such as a fan. Most often natural ventilation is
assured through operable windows. Open windows or
vents are not a good choice for ventilating a basement or
other below ground structure. Allowing outside air into a
cooler below ground space will cause problems with
humidity and condensation. Natural ventilation
2. Mechanical ventilation: an air handling unit or
direct injection to a space by a fan. A local exhaust fan
can enhance infiltration or natural ventilation, thus
increasing the ventilation air flow rate.
3. Mixed Mode Ventilation: both mechanical and
natural ventilation processes.
Mechanical ventilation
(RISER DUCT)
Preferable ventilation: Mechanical. Preferable ventilation: Natural.
Preferable ventilation: Natural. Preferable ventilation: Natural & Mechanical

(RISER DUCT)
1.Central Core 2.Split Core
Natural Ventilation
Mechanical Ventilation
3.End Core 4.Atrium Core

Natural Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
& Mechanical Ventilation
Case study – National :
Babylonia, Dhaka
Shanta western tower, Dhaka

Babylonia:
Project name: Babylonia
Architect: Mustapha Khalid Palash
Location: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak,
Tejgoan
Land area: 40 katha, 28818 sq.ft
Occupancy type: commercial
Building stories: 12 stories +3 basement
No of floor: 15
Size of spaces: 4363-14566 sq.ft
No of lift: 5
Car parking :128+
Core Type: End Core
1.Lift Lobby
2.Stair
3.Fire Exit
4.Toilet Block
5.Commercial space
1.ELEVATOR
FIRE EXIT
STAIR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
FIRE & SERVICE

ELEVATOR
TOILET
RISER DUCT
End Core : Natural Ventilation

Shanta western tower,
Dhaka
Project name: Shanta western tower
Architect: Mustapha Khalid Palash
Location: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak,
Tejgoan
Occupancy type: commercial
Building stories: 14 stories + 3 basement
No of floor: 17
No of lift: 7
Car parking :333+
Core Type: Central Core
SOUTH PART WEST PART
1
1
3 3
2 2
4
EAST PART NORTH PART
1.Lift Lobby
2.Fire Exit
3.Toilet Block
4.Commercial space
1
1
3 3
2 2
1.ELEVATOR
4
FIRE EXIT
1
1
3 3
2 2
4
FIRE & SERVICE

ELEVATOR 3
2
1 1
2 3
4
TOILET 3 1 1
2 3
2
4
RISER DUCT 3 1 1
2 3
2
4
Central Core:Mechanical Ventilation 3 1 1

3
2 2
4
References : Books:
1. Service core.
2. Eco-sky scraper.
3. Tall Building structure
Website:
1. www.skyscrapercity.com
2. www.skyscraperpage.com
3. www.wekipedia.com
4. www.wekiarchitectura.com
Thank You
Group : 05
ST ID:116005
116009
116030

Vertical Circulation & Service ..: Study On

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Formate disponibile

Study on

Vertical Circulation & Service……………..

Element of Vertical circulation:

PLAN: SEARS TOWER

Core also known as facade envelope is a spatial element for load-

a. If the building structure been R.C.C,the core structure should be shear

c. If the building structure been Composite ,the core structure should be

•Side-by-side arrangement is best

•3 cars in a row is PREFERRABLE

•commonly in large, busier buildings

•the largest PRACTICAL group

Individual elevator layout

Horizontal circulation is not

Easily escape for central

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

More easily escape for split

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

Easily escape for end

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

STAIR & FIRE EXIT

• Toilet layout should be in service core

Preferable ventilation: Mechanical. Preferable ventilation: Natural.

Preferable ventilation: Natural. Preferable ventilation: Natural & Mechanical

3.End Core 4.Atrium Core

Shanta western tower, Dhaka

FIRE & SERVICE

End Core : Natural Ventilation

SOUTH PART WEST PART

SOUTH PART WEST PART

SOUTH PART WEST PART

FIRE & SERVICE

SOUTH PART WEST PART

SOUTH PART WEST PART

SOUTH PART WEST PART

Central Core:Mechanical Ventilation 3 1 1

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