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INGLÊS

Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

SUMÁRIO

ARTIGO DEFINIDO – DEFINITE ARTICLE____________________________________________ 3


ARTIGOS INDEFINIDOS A/NA – INDEFINITE ARTICLES A AND AN _______________________ 8
ADJETIVOS COMPARATIVOS E SUPERLATIVOS - ADJECTIVES COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE _______ 11
EXERCÍCIOS DE COMBATE _____________________________________________________ 16
TEXT COMPREHENSION _______________________________________________________ 26
GABARITO__________________________________________________________________ 30

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

ARTIGOS DEFINIDOS E INDEFINIDOS, ADJETIVOS


COMPARATIVOS E SUPERLATIVOS

ARTIGO DEFINIDO – DEFINITE ARTICLE


O artigo definido “The” é usado antes de palavras no singular ou plural, e também antes de palavras no
masculino e feminino.
O
A
The
OS
AS

O artigo “the” é usado quando o objeto é conhecido ou identificado.


Ex:
I’ve got an orange and some apples. Who wants the orange?
A student and a teacher fell in love. When the student told her mother she didn’t agree.

Antes de títulos de livros, filmes e peças.


Ex:
The Longest day, The Mousetrap, The other side of midnight.

Coisas ou pessoas desconhecidas numa narrativa.


Ex:
The old man sat in the corner, his eyes fixed on the body on the floor…

Quando a coisa ou pessoa é parte de nosso universo.


Ex:
I must go to the bank or the post office and then I’ll pass by the supermarket.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Antes de adjetivos no superlativo e números ordinais.


Ex:
The best, the lowest, the most interesting, the first, the second…

Quando falamos de uma certa classe de objeto e o substantivo no singular.


Ex:
The horse is a domestic animal.
The woman is fighting for her rights.
The computer has replaced the typewriter in modern life.

Usado antes de situações particulares e definidas.


Ex:
The dogs in my streets are very noisy.
The sugar I like best.
The money you owe me.

Antes de instrumentos musicais


Ex:
John has been playing the piano since he was 9 years old.

Antes de substantivos o qual exista apenas um.


Ex:
It must be very cold in the North Pole.
Not all astronauts have traveled around the Earth.

Antes de classe de substantivos (Republic, State, etc.) estiver antes do nome, na seguinte estrutura: The +
class + of + name.
Ex:
The continent of Africa, The United States of America, The Republic of China

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Antes de quase todos os nomes de regiões.


Ex:
The East, The Midwest, The Plains, The Northern Hemisphere

Antes de nomes no plural de ilhas, lagos e montanhas.


Ex:
The Hawaiian Islands, The Great Lakes, The Andes

Antes de nomes de oceanos, mares, rios, canais, desertos, selvas, florestas, e pontes.
Ex:
The Atlantic Ocean, The South China Sea, The Nile River, The Panama Canal, The Sahara Desert

NOTA:
Podemos usar apenas o nome próprio de rios, oceanos, desertos, etc quando este é muito conhecido.
Ex:
The Pacific, The Mississippi, The Amazon

Quando as palavras faculdade, universidade, ou escola aparecem antes do nome. (The + ... + of + name).
Ex:
The University of Massachusetts, The Curso Pró-Militar.

Com adjetivos que se referem à nacionalidade e outros adjetivos que funcionam como substantivos.
Ex:
the Chinese (people), the French (people), the rich, the poor, the French language.

Com nomes de museus, monumentos e bibliotecas.


Ex:
The Art Institute, The Washington Monument, The Boston Public Library

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Apenas quando o título é mencionado.


Ex:
the president, the teacher, the prime-minister

Com nomes de navios, aeronaves e aviões.


Ex:
The Enterprise, The Concorde

Quando o número vem antes do mês.


Ex:
the sixth of May, the second of October

Com décadas, séculos e eras.


Ex:
The (19)50s, the 1900s, the Dark Ages

ATENÇÃO:
 O artigo definido “THE” não é usado:
Antes dos nomes de planetas, continentes, países, estados, províncias, condados, cidades, e ruas.
Ex:
Saturn, Asia, South America, China, Minas Gerais, Paris, Wall Street, Av. Vieira Souto.
Antes de ilhas, lagos, baias e montanhas no singular.
Ex:
Tahiti, Samoa, Guanabara bay, Bandeira Peak, Mt. Everest, Fernando de Noronha island, Lagoa Rodrigo de
Freitas

Quando o nome da instituição aparecer antes da palavra universidade, faculdade, colégio, curso.
Ex:
Boston University, Pré-Militar Course, AFA academy

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Quando usamos apenas o nome do idioma.


Ex:
French, English, Spanish

Com títulos oficiais quando o nome da pessoa é mencionado.


Ex:
President Lula, King Arthur, Secretary John
Com datas quando o mês começa a frase.
Ex:
May 6th, September 7th

Antes de substantivos quando estão em sentido genérico.


Ex:
Soccer is a popular game, isn’t it?
Girls are very careful with their look.

Antes de nomes próprios de pessoas.


Ex:
Paula is extremely intelligent.

Antes de adjetivos possessivos e pronomes possessivos.


Ex:
That’s my sister Mary.
The brown coat close to the black one is mine.

Casos especiais do artigo “THE”


Com: church, hospital, prison, school, court, work, sea, bed, home
Esses substantivos não são precedidos de the quando se quer transmitir que estão sendo utilizados com seu
propósito básico ou primeiro.
Ex:
That famous burglar is finally in prison (ele está lá, preso)

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

You can't talk to Alice now, she is at school. (ela está lá, estudando)

Porém, se utilizados com outros fins ou propósitos, são precedidos de the.


Ex:
The old lady went to the prison, to visit her youngest son.
We told the new students all about the school they were about to enter.

Com: movies, cinema, theater, office, weekend


Esses substantivos são sempre precedidos de the.
Ex:
Would you like to go to the movies with us?
Mr. Brown is at the office now, he is very busy today.

ARTIGOS INDEFINIDOS A/NA - INDEFINITE ARTICLES A AND AN


O artigo indefinido “a” é usado antes de palavras que começam com uma consoante ou som de consoante e
o artigo indefinido “an” é usado antes de palavras que iniciam com vogal ou som de vogal.
Ex:
a mouse, a new school, a boy
an elephant, an old school, an umbrella

O artigo “a”e “an”são utilizados somente antes de substantivos contáveis no singular.


Ex:
Thiago is a student we all admire.
Can I have an apple, please?

Os substantivos podem aparecer precedidos de adjetivos, os quais seguem a mesma regra


(vogal/consoante).
Ex:
Karina is a beautiful girl.
I read an interesting article about vintage guitars yesterday.
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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

O emprego correto de “a”e “ab”, no entanto, baseia-se no som da letra seguinte, não em sua forma.
Ex:
a European, a university, a uniform, a U-turn (som de you) an uncle, an undestroyable ship (não soam como
you)
a one-way street, woman (som de w)
an orange, an orphan (som comum de o)
a home, a huge fire, a house (som de r gutural)
an hour, an heir, an honour (o h não é pronunciado, portanto o início é com vogal)

USOS CONTEXTUAIS DOS ARTIGOS INDEFINIDOS A/AN


Antes de substantivos contáveis no singular, que representem uma espécie ou grupo, de forma
indefinida.
Ex:
An elephant never forgets.
A dog is always faithful to its owner.

Nas expressões numéricas a dozen, half a dozen, a couple, a hundred, a thousand, a million, etc.
Ex:
She's forgiven him a thousand times.

Nas expressões que indicam quantidade.


Ex:
a lot of, a great deal of, a number of, a little, a few
That old lady has a lot of stories to tell.

Nas expressões indicativas de duração de tempo, de preço e de velocidade.


Ex:
seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day, 50 reais a kilo, fifty miles an hour, etc.).
I generally work 10 haurs a day.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Seguindo o pronome “what”, expressando surpresa, encanto ou espanto.


Ex:
What a big surprise to see you here!
What a lovely day to walk!

Nas expressões “it's a pity”, “it's a shame”, “it's a tragedy”.


Ex:
It's a pity you cannot come with us, the day is wonderful.

Antes de nomes próprios, significando um(a) tal de.


Ex:
A João Ribeiro was looking for you.

ATENÇÃO:
Não usamos os artigos indefinidos A/AN
Antes de substantivos no plural.
Ex:
Dogs are riot allowed in here.

Antes de substantivos incontáveis e de nomes de materiais como “glass”, “wood”, “iron”. Em alguns desses
casos, utilize “some”ou “any”.
Ex:
Please, bring rime some milk.
The house was made of wood.

Antes de substantivos abstratos, como “happiness”, “sadness”, “pride”, “joy”, “hope”, “fear”, “jealousy”, etc.
Ex:
Happiness is something in your heart.
NOTA:
Os substantivos incontáveis, os materiais e os substantivos abstratos, quando tomados em sentido
específico ou particular, podem ser precedidos de “a” ou “an”.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Ex:
She suffers from a fear of the dark.
They really have a knowledge of Chemistry

ADJETIVOS COMPARATIVOS E SUPERLATIVOS - ADJECTIVES


COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
COMPARATIVO
SUPERIORIDADE IGUALDADE INFERIORIDADE
as...as...
-er ... than
(tão...como/quanto)
(mais que...)
ou less... than
ou
not as...as (menos... que)
more... than
not so...as
(mais que...)
(não tão...como/quanto)

Os comparativos de superioridade com -er são usados com adjetivos e advérbios até duas sílabas.
Ex:
Americans are taller than Indians.
Today is colder than yesterday.

Os comparativos de superioridade formados com more ... than são usados com adjetivos e advérbios com
mais de duas sílabas.
Ex:
Luiza Brunet is more beautiful than her daughter.
João is more intelligent than Roberto.

Os comparativos de igualdade são usados com qualquer adjetivo ou advérbio, independente do número de
sílabas.
Ex:
Australia is as hot as Brazil.
Pedro is not as tall as Felipe.
We cannot run as fast as horses.
Martha is as beautiful as Daniela.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Os comparativos de inferioridade são usados com qualquer adjetivo ou advérbio, independente do número
de sílabas.
Ex:
Bruna is less beautiful than Carla.
This house is less valuable than that one.
Bruno is less tall than Carlos

SUPERLATIVO
SUPERIORIDADE INFERIORIDADE
the ... –est
(o(a) mais, os(as) mais...)
the least...
ou
(o(a) menos, os(as) menos...)
the most ...
(o(a) mais, os(as) mais...)

Os superlativos com the ... –est são usados com adjetivos e advérbios até duas sílabas.
Ex:
That city is the coldest in the country.
My garden is the liveliest in town.

Os superlativo com the most ... são usados com adjetivos e advérbios com mais de duas sílabas.
Ex:
Pablo is the most foolish person of the office.
This exercises is difficult of the book.

Os superlativos de inferioridade são usados com qualquer adjetivo ou advérbio, independente do número
de sílabas.
Ex:
Rita is the leasttall of all the girls I know.
Lisa is the leastbeautiful woman of the course.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Os adjetivos abaixo, que terminam em -y e -ly, podem formar o comparativo e superlativo de superioridade
da seguinte forma.
Ex:
heavy / heavier than / the heaviest
handy / handier than / the handiest
lonely / lonelier than / the loneliest
happy / happier than / the happiest
lively / livelier than / the liveliest
funny / funnier than / the funniest

Os adjetivos e advérbios abaixo, embora tenha duas sílabas, podem ser usados com o comparativo more ...
thane superlativo com the most. São exceções à regra de até duas sílabas.
Ex:
afraid / more afraid than /the most afraid
frequent / more frequent than /the most frequent
certain / more certain / the most certain
correct / more correct / the most correct
exact / more exact / the most exact
often / more often / the most often
seldom / more seldom / the most seldom
modern / more modern / the most modern
normal / more normal / the most normal
recent / more recent / the most recent

Os adjetivos quiet, simple, clever, common, gentle, narrow, pleasant e polite aceitam as duas formas
comparativas de superioridade.
Ex:
clever / cleverer than / more clever than / the cleverest / the most clever
narrow / narrower than / more narrow than/ the narrowest / the most narrow
shallow / shallower than / more shallow than / the shallowest / the most shallow

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

Alguns adjetivos e advérbios apresentam formas irregulares para o comparativo e para o superlativo de
superioridade.
Ex:
good / well / better than / the best
bad / badly / worse than / the worst
little / less than / the least
many /much / more than /the most
far / farther than / the farthest (para indicar distância)
further than / the furthest (para indicar tempo)
old / older than / the oldest (para pessoas, animais, coisas e eventos)
elder / the eldest (somente para pessoas, e da mesma família) elder nunca é seguido de than. É usado em
estruturas como "my elder brother ...”

Utilizamos as estruturas comparativas de superioridade referindo-se a quantidades ou a um extremo na


quantidade (muitas vezes essa regra vale para qualidades):
Ex:
She spent less on clothes than Anna did.
The Hotel Copacabana has the most rooms.
The most gracious was Bahia.

A estrutura de gradual increase, ou crescimento gradual (= cada vez mais, mais e mais) é formada através
de begetting/becoming + uma forma comparativa de superioridade (com -er ou more) repetida ou não.
Ex:
Those teachers are getting / becoming fatter.
Those students are getting / becoming fatter and fatter.
Those policemen are getting / becoming more and more fat.
Those girls are getting / becoming more beautiful
Those women are getting / becoming more and more beautiful

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

A estrutura de parallel in crease, ou crescimento em paralelo (= quarto mais..., mais/menos... / quanto


menos..., mais/menos...). Esta estrutura é formada por the + comparativo de superioridade (com -er ou
more), ... the + comparativo de superioridade (com -er ou more)...
Ex:
The hotter the weather is, the better for all of us.
The more careful you are with your child, the less worried you'll be.
The better the computer, the more expensive it is.

Adjetivos com duas consoantes e apenas uma vogal entre essa consoantes dobramos a ultima consoante.
Ex:
sad / sadder / the saddest
thin / thinner / the thinnest
fat / fatter / the fattest

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

1. (AFA) Mark the item that completes the following passage with the appropriate missing articles when
required.
"For ____ amateur athlete, winning in ____ Olympics is ____ great achievement. ____ games are not easy to
win, whether _____ athlete competes in ____ Summer or in _____ Winter."
a) the / a / a / X/ an / X / X
b) the / an / the / The / the / X / X
c) an / the / a / The / an / the / the
d) X / the / X / X / X / the / the

2. (AFA) Think you feel bad about those lost vacation photos? Consider (1) Barry Mathews. In 1993 (2)
British geologist traveled to (3) Arctic Circle. There, he photographed soils and vegetation for (4) study on
climate change. Back in (5) England, he took (6) film to his local pharmacy for (7) developing. That was
(8) last he saw of it. Three years later, (9) pharmacy admits it lost (10) film. Mathews, 59, is suing for
£30,000 – (11) cost of another trip. Our advice: take (12) sketch pad.
About the 12 gaps on the text above, mark the false alternative.
a) We cannot use articles in three of the gaps;
b) Gaps number (4) and (12) are correctly completed with indefinite articles;
c) All the gaps can be completed with definite or indefinite articles;
d) It’s correct to use definite article in seven gaps.

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

3. (AFA) Everyone has something to learn from _______ Kosovo. But _______ keenest students of the war
should be those who live in Western Europe. Other places in _______ world have seen as much or more
bloodshed since _______ end of the cold war. But only _______ Europe has medieval hatred taken hold so
close to the heart of what boastfully supposes itself to be _______ rational, sophisticated civilization.
Complete the text above with some articles where they are necessary or just omit them when they are not
supposed to be used.
a) the / ___ / the / the / a / the
b) the / the / ___ / an / the / a
c) ___ / the / the / the / ___ / a
d) ___ / the / the / an / ___ / the

4. (AFA) Mark the item that completes the following passage CORRECTLY with the appropriate missing
articles when required.
"Immediately after _____ assault, rape or robbery, victims or witnesses can usually summon up _____ mental
image of _____ assailant. But by _____ time they sit down with _____ sketch artist at _____ police station,
their memories often have faded."
a) X / the / an / X / the / the
b) an / a / the / the / a / the
c) the / X / the / X / the / X
d) an / the / X / the / X / a

5. (AFA) "In the beginning the Earth was inhabited only by men. At that time ______ gods Zeus and
Prometheus had______ quarrel because Zeus had hidden fire away from the men.
However, Prometheus found it and took it back to Earth.
Zeus got very angry with ______ Prometheus, and decided to take revenge on him and all men. So Zeus made
the first woman - Pandora. He have her ______ small box, but told her not to open it.
Pandora married the brother of Prometheus. One day she became curious about _____ box - too curious and
opened it. And a great number of tiny monsters flew out. They were: hate, envy, anger, jealousy, revenge,
selfishness, greed cruelty, disease, and all of the curses that often make us humans miserable.
Pandora quickly closed the box, but it was too late. The only thing left in _______ box was hope."
a) a / the / the / X / a / a
b) X / X / a / the / X / the
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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

c) the / a / X / a / the / the


d) X / the / X / a / a / the

6. (AFA) _____ man I don't know has called you but didn't leave any message. _____ man just told me he'd
call again during _____ week.
a) An /A / an
b) A / The / the
c) The /A / the
d) The / The / a

7. (AFA) __________ milk and __________ meat are good for __________ our health.
a) X / X / X
b) X / the / X
c) The / the / X
d) The / the / the

8. (EFOMM) Mark the correct answer:


“One of _____ most important causes of conflict is ________ way people see _______ sides of _______
question.
a) the / the / a / the
b) the / the / the / a
c) ___ / the / the / a
d) the / ___ / the / a
e) ___ / ___ / the / a

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INGLÊS
Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

9. (PUC-SP) Assinale a alternativa incorreta:


a) The snake and the alligator are both reptiles.
b) Porto Alegre is not very far from Gramado.
c) She cannot talk to you now, she is at the office.
d) This is my pen arid that one is yours.
e) Francisco is planning to travel on the Sunday.

10. (ITA) Dadas as sentenças


I. Would you like to go to the movies with me?
II. The Atlantic and The Pacific are very big oceans.
III. My birthday is in September. I was born in 1984.
IV. I think she is the most beautiful girl in the neighborhood.
constatamos que está(ão) correta(s), relativamente ao uso do artigo the:
a) apenas a I.
b) apenas a II.
c) apenas a III e a IV.
d) apenas a II e a IV.
e) todas as sentenças

11. (PUC-CAMP) Assinale a alternativa em que os artigo, a ou an foram incorretamente empregados:


a) The General was wearing a uniform whose buttons were all made of gold.
b) Thank you, Sir, it's an honor to me having worked with you.
c) Please, hand me a dozen eggs.
d) What will you have, a coffee, a tea or water?
e) A lot of people consider you a hero

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

12. (ITA) Dadas as sentenças


I. The Browns were here yesterday.
II. He is a university student.
III. I want an information from you.
constatamos que está(ão) correta(s):
a) apenas a I.
b) apenas a II.
c) apenas a III.
d) apenas a I e a II.
e) todas as sentenças.

13. (PUC-CAMP) Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacunas da frase
apresentada.
Fred: I've been thinking of buying............. .
Sam: Really? Which make are you considering?
Fred: That doesn't matter as long as ........... is economical.
a) a car - some car
b) a car - the car
c) some car - car
d) the car - a car
e) car - a car

14. (PUC-PR) Fill in the blanks with the definite article:


______ Brazil is ______ most industrial country in ______ South America, while ______ United States holds
______ same position in North America.
Choose the correct alternative:
a) the; the; the; the; the; the
b) X; the; the; X; the; X
c) X; the; X; the; the; X

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

d) X; the; the; the; the; X


e) the; X; X; X; the; the

15. (UFPB) Read this sentence:


"_________ good idea is _________ good idea, whether it's done in ________ one, ________ three or 33
countries."
It is completed by the following sequence:
a) A / no article / the / the
b) no article / no article / a / a
c) The / the / no article / no article
d) A / a / no article / no article
e) The / no article / a / no article

16. ( ITA – SP ) Dadas as afirmações de que o comparativo de superioridade de:


1. Clever é Cleverer
2. Much é More
3. Many é More
Constatamos que está (ão) correta (s):
a) apenas a afirmação 1.
b) apenas a afirmação 2.
c) apenas a afirmação 3.
d) apenas as afirmações 1 e 2.
e) todas as afirmações.

17. (IME – RJ) Bob Evans, that athletic-looking young man, ran ______ and finally won the race.
a) fast and faster
b) fast and fast
c) faster and faster

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

d) faster and fast


e) more and more fast

18. (ITA – SP) “When will you be able to give us _____ information about the crime?”
a) far
b) further
c) farthest
d) farther
e) futhest

19. (AFA) I like being happy because I feel big inside ________ a balloon that gets ____________.
a) in a way / as big as
b) jus how / big and gibs
c) as well / rather bigger than
d) just like / bigger and bigger

20. (AFA) The Brazilian economy seemed to be getting _______ when the Asian financial crisis took place and
drastically affected FHC’s government.
a) better and best
b) heavy and heavier
c) the best financial
d) better and better

21. (AFA) England and France have had powerful military forces but the United States has ________ powerful
forces of them.
a) more
b) the most

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

c) many more
d) much more

22. (AFA) Michael played the piano ______ when he was _______ . Now he stopped practicing.
a) better/younger
b) very well/ newest
c) well/ more young
d) more right / more young

23. (AFA) He could play tennis very well but today he doesn't play it he used to
a) as often as
b) more often as
c) more frequently
d) the most frequently that

24. (AFA) Complete the dialog with the appropriate words.


“I’m learning bow to relax, doctor- but I want to relax _____ and______!
I WANT TO BE ON THE CUTIING EDGE OF RELAXATION!”
a) more quickly / best
b) better / faster
c) further / the higher
d) the sooner / the better

25. (ESC. NAVAL) If you are going to visit Paris, _______ you learn about this fascinating city, _________.
a) the more / better
b) more / better
c) more / the better
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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

d) the more / the better


e) the more / the best

26. (ITA) Dadas as formas comparativas e superlativas


I. lovelier than / the loveliest
II. more modern than / the most modern
III. more interesting than / the most interesting
IV. more ingenuous than / the most ingenuous
constatamos que está(ão) correta(s):
a) apenas a I.
b) apenas a II.
c) apenas a II e a III.
d) apenas a II, a lll e a IV.
e) todas as formas apresentadas.

27. (UFRS) The phrase “longer than” is one of the comparative forms of the adjective “long”. Choose the
alternative which has another comparative form and a superlative one:
a) as long – longest
b) so much longer - longest
c) as long – the longest
d) as long as – longest
e) as long as – the longest

28. (FMU – SP) Air-jets are much _______. Let’s go by car. It’s __________.
a) more expensive – cheaper
b) cheaper – more cheap
c) expensive – more cheap
d) quicker – more slow
e) slower – quicker
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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

29. (EFOMM)I think you drive ______________ than your husband.


a) careful
b) carefully
c) more carefully
d) more careful
e) most careful

30. (EFOMM) Choose the alternative that correctly shows the comparative form of the adjectives below.
far – good – bad – easy – old
a) further – best – worst – easier – oldest
b) farther – better – worse – easiest – older
c) further – better – worse – easier – elder
d) farther – best – worse – easier – oldest
e) farthest – better – worst – easiest – eldest

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

TEXT COMPREHENSION
TEXT 15 (EFOMM)
Survivors say Canadian tall ship sank in minutes
Students and crew rescued from the sinking of a Canadian-owned-tall ship in the South
Atlantic were back on solid land Saturday after spending up to 40 hours in life rafts after
their ship capsized.
The first of 64 people on board the three-masted SV Concórdia were ferried into Rio de Janeiro aboard
Brazilian Navy and merchant vessels, exhausted but relieved after their long ordeal.
Wearing navy caps and borrowed clothing, 12 of those rescued held an emotional news conference in Rio. The
rest were to arrive later in the afternoon on two merchant vessels.
CTV producer Ana Pereira said survivors indicated that the ship went down very quickly, slipping beneath the
waves.
The ship's captain said that his vessel sank Wednesday afternoon - a day earlier than previously reported -
after being flipped on its side by a powerful gust of wind. He and his passengers and crew were rescued by
merchant ships early Friday.
Capt. William Curry told reporters he was below deck when the
ship suddenly keeled, banking over at a sharp angle in the strong wind. Curry said that was normal, but when
the vessel immediately went over a second time, he knew the vessel was in great danger.
The captain blamed the wreck on a "microburst", a sudden, vertical downdraft that struck the entire surface
area of the Concórdia's sails as it was angled over to one side. Within seconds, the boat went from sailing
upright to lying on its side and beginning to sink.
Thirty minutes later it was completely underwater, Curry said.
"The boat started keeling a lot", said 16-year-old passenger Lauren Unsworth, a Dutch-Canadian who lives in
Amsterdam. "It carne back up, keeled again, was basically lying on its side and all the windows began to break.
That's when we knew it was time to flee."
Curry said that they abandoned ship and took to their life
rafts in high winds and heavy seas, spending more than a day adrift in the Atlantic before spotting their
rescuers.
"We had been in the life raft for about 30 hours when we saw a search plane for the first time", Unsworth
added. "That's when we knew we were not alone and that help was on the way."
Toronto-native Keaton Farwell said her biggest fear was that no one was aware the group needed to be
rescued.

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

"We thought our signal had failed and nobody knew and it could be weeks before we were saved", she told a
news conference. "The worst life-and-death thoughts were going through our heads, and everybody was
panicking."
The Navy said the distress signal was picked up about 5 p.m.. Thursday. An Air Force plane later spotted life
rafts in the ocea-n about 500 kilometers from Rio and a Navy ship and nearby merchant vessels moved in to
aid in the rescue.
The first 12 crew and students came into port aboard a Brazilian Navy frigate. The rest were heading into Rio
aboard slower merchant vessels and were expected to arrive later Saturday afternoon.
The Concórdia was five days out from Montevideo, Uruguay, when it sank.
The Federal Transportation Safety Board says it will assist in an investigation to be led by the ship's flag state
country, Barbados.
The Concórdia is owned by West Island College International with offices in Lunenburg, N.S. Forty-two of
those onboard were identified as Canadians, mostly high school and university students, said Kate Knight,
head of West Island College International of Lunenburg, which operates the Class Afloat program.
Prime Minister Stephen Harper issued a statement thanking the Brazilian Navy and the merchant ships "for
their swift and heroic response."
(Adapted from: www.ctv.ca, www.ap.com, Feb. 2010)

1. The sentence "The Concórdia was five days out from Montevideo, Uruguay when ít sank." means that:
a) The Concórdia had just left Montevideo when it sank.
b) The Concórdia had left Montevideo for five days when it sank.
c) The Concórdia sank for it was five days from the coast of Montevideo.
d) The Concórdia had been going to Montevideo for five days when it sank.
e) The Concórdia was five days away from Montevideo when it sank.

2. The Concórdia very likely started to sink due to:


a) The inability of the captain to avoid a dangerous tropical storm with high waves off the coast of Brazil
which capsized the ship within minutes.
b) Powerful winds that surprised everyone aboard and eventually capsized the vessel, though it remained for
a few minutes lying on its side.
c) High waves that are common in that part of the ocean and, according to the captain, flipped the ship to its
side before it immediately sank.
d) The excess of weight aboard the ship which, during as torm with strong vertical winds, contributed to
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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

flipping the ship on its side before it sank.


e) Events that are still under investigation for Brazilian Navy Officers have not had access to the remains of
the shipwreck because of the weather conditions.

3. Investigations leading to the causes of the accident will be primarily led by:
a) the Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, who was thankful to the Brazilian Navy and Merchant Ships.
b) the Canadian Government, because 42 of the passengers onboard of the ship were Canadian citizens.
c) the Brazilian Navy, because they were responsible forthe rescue operations.
d) a third country, neither Brazil nor Canada, because ofthe ship's original flag.
e) the West Island College International, which owns theship and is thus responsible for the students on
board.

4. A news conference was held in Rio de Janeiro with some of the survivors. It is correct to affirm that:
a) Not ali survivors were able to attend the conference because some were still on life rafts waiting former
chant vessels to rescue them. Besides, other survivors were returning to Canada as soon as possible.
b) Some survivors were too emotional to participate because of ali the stress they suffered during the
accident and the only thing they wanted to do was to see their families as soon as possible.
c) Survivors gradually arrived in Rio de Janeiro due to different rescue procedures and some were still aboard
merchant ships on their way to the coast of Brazil while the interview was held.
d) A few survivors were not able to participate because they had lost all of their personal belongings in
thetragedy and did not have clothes to appear in public, though donations were received.
e) A number of survivors was brought to Rio de Janeiro by helicopter and therefore arrived faster than the
oneswho carne on slower merchant vessels. Also, there were some survivors who had already returned to
Canada.

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

TEXT 16 (AFA)

1. The first boy


a) has never intended to be a Rolling Stone.
b) has never been a Rolling Stone, but wanted it had happened.
c) has already been a Rolling Stone.
d) hasn’t wished to be a Rolling Stone yet.

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Prof. ANTONIO DONIZETI PROMILITARES  AFA/EFOMM/EN  MÓDULO 7

EXERCÍCIOS DE COMBATE TEXT COMPREHENSION


1. c TEXT 15 (EFOMM)
2. c 1. e
3. c
4. b 2. b
5. c 3. d
6. b
4. c
7. a
8. b
9. e TEXT 16 (AFA)
10. e 1. b
11. d
12. d
13. b
14. c
15. d
16. e
17. c
18. b
19. d
20. d
21. b
22. a
23. a
24. b
25. d
26. e
27. e
28. a
29. c
30. c

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