Adha Theza Naputol

Grade 11 - HUMSS A
Antique National School
Assignment in Statistics and Probability

1. Different ways of collecting data

-·
areRegistration: registers and licenses are particularly valuable for complete enumeration, but
limited to variables that change slowly, such as numbers of fishing vessels and their
characteristics.
-Questionnaires: forms which are completed and returned by respondents. An inexpensive
method that is useful where literacy rates are high and respondents are co-operative.
- Interviews: forms which are completed through an interview with the respondent. More
expensive
literacy or than questionnaires, but they are better for more complex questions, low
less co-operation.
- Direct observations: making direct measurements is the most accurate method for many
variables, such as catch, but is often expensive. Many methods, such as observer
programmers,
are limited to industrial fisheries.
-Reporting:
others to the main alternative to making direct measurements is to require fishers and
byreport
a their activities. Reporting requires literacy and co-operation, but can be backed up
legal requirement and direct measurements.

2. Meaning of Descriptive and Inference

-Descriptive Statistics Definition
The
datadescriptive statistics is
in some meaningful theThis
way. typestatistics
of statistical analysis
is used which quantitatively
to describe helps to describes
aboutabout
the the
important features of the data or information. The descriptive statistics gives the summaries
of the given sample as well as the observations done. These summaries or descriptions can
either be graphical or quantitative. For Example: In soccer, the individual performance of
each player is said to be the a descriptive statistics. However, descriptive statistics does not
reach at conclusions beyond the given data or hypothesis made by the researcher. It is just a
simple way of describing the data.
Generally, the kinds of measure that are used with descriptive statistics are:
1) Measures
which lies of
in Central Tendency:
the center Thefrequency
of a given measure of central tendency
distribution. describes
The main theofdata
measures
central tendency are mean and median and mode.
2) Measures of Spread:
over the whole The measure
distribution. of spread
Standard describes
deviation, the quartiles,
variance, how the scores
range,are spread
absolute
deviation are included in the measures of spread.
3) to
Graphical
describeRepresentation: Theredata.
about the statistical are several different
These graphs aretypes of graphs
histogram, barthat arebox
graph, used
and whisker plot, line graph, scatter plot, ogive, pie chart and many more.
-Inferential Statistics Definition
Inferential
inferences statistics
about theispredictions
the type offor
statistics which deals
the population. with
It also makingthe
analyses conclusions. It
sample. Basically,
the inferential statistics is the procedure of drawing predictions and conclusions about the
given data which is subjected to the random variations. Inferential statistics includes
detection and prediction of observational and sampling errors. This type of statistics is being
utilized in order to make estimates and test the hypotheses using given data. The inferential
statistics may be defined as the answer of the question "what is needed to be done next".
This provides an information about the further surveys and experiments. Inferential statistics
enables the researcher to draw conclusions before the implementation of some particular
organizational policy.
There are two major divisions of inferential statistics:
1) Confidence
provides Interval:
a range for theThe confidence
parameter interval
of given is represented in the form of an interval that
population.
2) Hypothesis
claim Test: Hypothesis
for the population tests are
by analyzing also known as tests of significance which tests some
sample.

3. Importance of Statistics
-use
Thethe
field of statistics
proper methods is to
thecollect
sciencetheofdata,
learning fromthe
employ data. Statistical
correct knowledge
analyses, helps you
and effectively
present the results. Statistics is a crucial process behind how we make discoveries in
science, make decisions based on data, and make predictions. Statistics allows you to
understand a subject much more deeply.