REPORT ON

BEST PRACTICES:
THEORY OF ART

Dr.  Allan  C.  Orate  

UE-­‐Manila  
What  is  art?  
What  is  the  nature    
or  essence  of  art?  
THEORIES OF ART

Imita4onism  
Representa4onalism  
Formalism  
Expressionism  
Ac4on  Theory  
Ins4tu4onal  Theory  
The Institutional
Theory of Art
1.  INSTITUTIONAL  THEORY.  Theory  which  stresses  that  art  is  the  
integra0on  of  objects  within  the  artworld.  It  is  also  called  the  Theory    
of  the  Artworld.  
2.  ARTWORLD.  Social  ins0tu0on  composed  of  people  who  have  been  
recognized  to  have  influence  and  power  over  the  produc0on,  
exhibi0on,  dissemina0on  and  consump0on  of  art.  
3.  GEORGE  DICKIE.  Philosopher  (1924-­‐2013)  who  coined  the  word  
“artworld.”    According  to  him,  any  object,  whatever  it  is,  may  become  
an  art  if  the  social    ins0tu0on  considers  it  as  an  art.  
4.  ARTHUR  DANTO.  Philosopher  (1926-­‐)  who  defines  an  art  work  as  an  
ar0fact  “which  has  been  conferred  upon  it  the  status  of  candidate  for  
apprecia0on  by  some  person  or  persons  ac0ng  in  behalf  of  a  certain  
social  ins0tu0on  (the  artworld).”    
 INSTITUTIONAL
THEORY
George Dickie
Arthur Danto

Art  is  an  ins4tu4on    

in  the  society  

“ARTWORLD”  
 THE ARTWORLD
People in the position of power

ar4sts    
art  cri4cs  
art  historians/educators  
art  patrons/curators  
art  museums/galleries  
schools/clubs  
art  awards  
recogni4ons/popularity  
art  journals  
TV/newspapers  
 How  to     Elementary  Graduate  
be  an  
High  School  Graduate    
engineer?  
College  Graduate    

Pass  the  Board  Exam  

Work  in  Company  

 HOW  TO  BE  THE  POPE  IN  THE    
INSTITUTION  OF  THE  CATHOLIC  CHURCH?  
Woman  
Seminarian    
Deacon    

Priest  

Bishop  

Cardinal  

Pope  
 Nevada  Athle4c    
BOXING AS AN Commission  
INSTITUTION
Three  Judges  

Referee  

Promoters  

Pacquiao  and  
Mayweather  

Media  

Audience  
 HOW  TO  BE  RECOGNIZED  AS  AN  ARTIST    
BY  THE  ARTWORLD-­‐INSTITUTION?  
•  Has  skill  and  talent  
•  Study  in  art  school  
•  Has  degree  in  fine  arts  
•  Become  a  member  of  art  
organiza4ons  
•  Win  recogni4ons,  prizes  and  
awards  
•  Has  artworks  exhibited  in  
museums,  galleries  
•  Men4oned  in  books,    media  
and  art  history  
•  Become  well  known  
•  Revolu4onized  art  
 A  thing  becomes    art  because  it  is  
acknowledged  to  be  art  by  the  Artworld.  

World  of  ordinary  objects   ARTWORLD  

(Non-­‐Art)   (Art)  
Duchamp,  
Fountain  
(Urinal)  
1917  
•  Bedfordshire  Model  Urinal  
•  Entry  in  art  compe44on  by  the  
Society  of  Independent  ArBsts  
•  Submieed  by  Marcel  Duchamp  
(R.  Mue)  in  1917  
•  Has  8  reproduc4ons,  one  copy  
sold  for  1.7  million  in  1999  
•  Exhibited  in  many  museums  in  
the  world  
•  Voted  as  the  most  influen4al  
artwork  of  the  20th  century    
•  Represents  a  “Copernican  shii      
in  art”    
•  Included  in  art  history  books  
•  Discussed  in  classroom  lectures    
Duchamp  
Bicycle  Wheel  
1914  

“That  is  art,  

because  I    
say  so!”  
 A  GREAT  ART!  
Made  by  Leonardo  
da  Vinci,  it  is  the  
most  historical,            
the  most  popular    
and  well-­‐known,    
the  most  influen4al,  
the  most  expensive,  
Renaissance  
pain4ng  in  the  
world.  
 Amanda  
Regina  
Orate,  
Doraemon  
The  Mouse  
 PABLO
PICASSO “The  most  famous    
and  successful  ar4st    
of  the  20th  century.”  
“The  most  influen4al  
painter  in  the  history  
of  modern  art.”  
Art  genius  
Originator  of  cubism  
75  years  of  art  career  
13,500  pain4ngs  
100,000  prints      
34,000  illustra4ons  
300  sculptures  
 Rhea  Regis  
Feminist  Arrest  
2009    

Who’s  that?  
Is  this  art?  
Javacheff,  Wrapped  Reichtag,  Berlin  Germany,  1995  

INSTALLATION  ART  
CHRISTO  JAVACHEFF  
 Vienna  Academy  of  
Fine  Arts  
Honorary  Degree,  
Occidental  College  
Elected  into  
Na4onal  Academy  
of  Design  
Awardee,  Premium  
Imperiale    
Javacheff,  Wrappped  Trees,  Switzerland,  1998  
Javacheff,  Wrapped  Cans  and  BoMles,  1972  
Javacheff,  Wrapped  Woman,  1968  
ILLUSTRATION  
IN  THE  BOOK  
PHILIPPINE  
READER  
By  Fernando  Amorsolo  
FERNANDO AMORSOLO

“Grand  old  man  of  Filipino  painters”  

“Master  of  tropical  scenery”  
“First  Filipino  impressionist”  
Most  popular  painter  in  the  country  
Made  more  than  10,000  pain4ngs  
Won  First  Prize,  New  York  Fair,  1939    
Dean,  UP  College  of  Fine  Arts  
First  Philippine  Na4onal  Ar4st      
 POP  ART  
Amorsolo,  Label  
of  Ginebra  San  
Miguel  

DR.  ALLAN  C.  ORATE,  UE  

 Medio  Cruz  
Poleteismo  
Kulo  Exhibit        
2009,  CCP  

STYLE    
Installa4on    
Art  
 Recipient,  CCP  Ar4st  Award,  2003  
Grantee,  Art  Tuilage,  Burgundy    
France,  2005  
Resident  Ar4st,  Gauchet  Gallery,  
MEDIO Vancouver  Canada,  2007  
CRUZ Fellow,  Asian  Cultural  Center,  New  
IN THE York,  2009  
ARTWORLD Resident  Ar4st,  Headland  Center  for  
the  Arts,  San  Francisco  USA,  2008  
Recipient,  Visi4ng  Foreign  Ar4st  Fund,  
Canada  Council  for  the  Arts,  2010  
Art  Exhibits  in  Switzerland,  Singapore,  
Australia,  US,  Serbia,  China,  Germany  
 IS  THIS  BOOK  A  GREAT   IS  SHE  A  GREAT  
WORK  OF  LITERATURE?   WRITER?  

Won  the  Nobel  Prize  for  Literature  in  2007  

 Who  
originally  
made  this  
design?  
Trisha  Co  Reyes    
(13  Years  Old),    
Life  in  the  Forest  
2011  

First  Place,    
20th  Interna4onal  
Children’s  Pain4ng  
Compe44on  on  the  
Environment  
organized  by  the  
United  Na4ons  
Environment  
Programme  
 Godofredo  Fabreo  
The  River  and  My  House,  2008    
(Final  Project  in  Humani4es)  
 HOW  MUCH  DO  YOU    
EXIST  IN  THE  WWW?  

NAME        NUMBER  OF  HITS  

“Leonardo  da  Vinci”        33,700,000  
“Pablo  Picasso”        20,100,000  
“Marcel  Duchamp”     958,000  
“Fernando  Amorsolo”      98,000  
“Allan  Orate”        1,560