Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |1

1. Problem: A principal at a certain school claims that the students in his school are above
average intelligence. A random sample of thirty students IQ scores have a mean score of
112. Is there sufficient evidence to support the principal’s claim? The mean population
IQ is 100 with a standard deviation of 15.

Solution:
H0: μ=100 (population mean)
H1: μ > 100 (claim is that the students have above average IQ scores)

Level Of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Rejection Region: Reject H0 if 𝑧 > 1.645

112.5−100
𝑧= 15
√30
5% (1.645)
𝑧 = 4.56

Therefore, 4.56 > 1.645 so you can reject the null.

Reference: https://www.statisticshowto.datasciencecentral.com/probability-and-
statistics/hypothesis-testing/ , 12:58 AM April 28, 2019

2. Problem: An alternator manufacturer must produce its alternators so that they are 95%
confident that it runs at less than 71.1o C under stress test in order to meet the production
requirements for sale to the US government. The stress test is performed on random
samples drawn from the production line on a daily basis. Today’s sample of 7 alternators
has a mean of 71.3℃ and a standard deviation of 0.214°. Is there a production quality
issue?

Solution:
H0: The population mean (µ0) ≤ 71.1
H1: The population mean > 71.1

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.95

Df: 7-1=6

Rejection Region: Reject H0 if 𝑧 > 1.943

71.3 − 71.1 Rejection

𝑧= Region
0.214 95% (1.943)
√7
Manalo, May Ann S. 1:30-3:00 T-Th P506
 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |2

𝑧 = 2.47

Since tc is clearly in the “Reject” region, then we must “reject the null hypothesis”. The
null hypothesis was “H0: The population mean is less than or equal to 71.1o C”.
Rejecting that means that the sample was NOT within the bounds of what we would find
acceptable if the population mean were truly at 71.1o C

Reference:https://www.dau.mil/cop/ce/DAU%20Sponsored%20Documents/One%20taile
d%20hypothesis%20test.pdf , 1:54 PM April 28, 2019

3. Problem: A teacher wants to determine if reviewing longer for an exam increases

performance. He randomly sample of 100 students and it was found out that these
students spent 63.7 minutes to review. Previous studies showed that a student spends 73
minutes to review with a standard deviation of 40.7 minutes.

Solution:
H0: 𝜇 = 73 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 (𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)
H1: 𝜇 > 73 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 (𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑒𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒)

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Df is not required because n is large.
𝐶𝑉 = +1.645

𝑅𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑧 > 1.645. 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐻0
63.7−73
𝑧= 40.7
√100

𝑧 = −0.023 5% (1.645)

Since−0.023 < 1.645, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Meaning reviewing longer
does not increase performance.

Reference: Precious Ann B. Cabigon

4. Problem: A random sample of 100 deaths in a certain area during the past year showed an
average life span of 71.8 years. Assuming that the population standard deviation is 8.9
years, does this seem to indicate the average life span today is significantly greater than
70 years. Use 0.05 level of significance.

Solution:
H0: 𝜇 = 70
H1: 𝜇 > 70

Manalo, May Ann S. 1:30-3:00 T-Th P506

 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |3

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Df: sample is large
𝐶𝑉: +1.645

𝑅𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑧 > 1.645. 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐻0
71.8−70
𝑧 = 8.9
√100

𝑧 = 0.02
5% (1.645)

Since 0.02 < 1.645, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Meaning the average life span
today is not greater than 70.

Reference: Precious Ann B. Cabigon

5. Problem: A drug was known to last at an average of 10 hour. A sample with 12 students
was taken to test the effect of drug with the average of 9.5 hours with a standard
deviation of 0.2 hours. Using level of significance of 0.05, test the hypothesis that the
population mean is less than 10 hours.

Solution:
H0: 𝜇 = 10
H1: 𝜇 < 10

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Df: 12 − 1 = 11
𝐶𝑉: − 1.796

𝑅𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑙𝑙 ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠 𝑖𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑧 < −1.796. 𝑂𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒 𝑤𝑒 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐻0
9.5−10
𝑧= 0.2
√12

𝑧 = −0.72

-1.796

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 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |4

Since−0.72 > −1.796, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Meaning the average effect
of a drug is not less than 10 hours.

References: Precious Ann B. Cabigon

6. Problem: Director of MSU-TCTO Science High School noted from the last year results of the
MSU-TCTO Science High School Scholarship Examination that students of MSU-TCTO
Laboratory Elementary School has a mean score of 95 with standard deviation score of 14.
For this academic year, there were 38 examinees that obtained a mean score of 93. Can the
Director claim that this year’s performance is inferior to the previous year? Assume that the
mean score is approximately normally distributed.

Solution:
Ho:𝜇 = 95 (Pupils of MSU-TCTO Laboratory Elementary School in the MSU-TCTO
Science High School Scholarship Examination have mean score of 95).
H1: :𝜇 < 95 (Pupils of MSU-TCTO Laboratory Elementary School in the MSU-TCTO
Science High School Scholarship Examination have mean score lower than 95).

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Test statistic: z-statistic

Rejection Region: Reject Ho if z ≤ -1.96

Computation:

93−95
𝑧= 14 = - 0.88
√38

-1.96
Statistical Decision: Do not reject the null hypothesis because the computed z-statistic (-0.88)
falls within the acceptance region.

Interpretation/Conclusion: We have no enough reason believe that the performance of the

examinees for this year is inferior to the previous year.

References: Statistics: Made Simple for Researchers, Abubakar S. Asaad, 2008

7. Problem: A pediatrician claimed that the average time for a drug to take effect is 15 minutes
with a standard deviation of eight minutes. In a sample of 49 trials, the average time is not
equal to 15 minutes. Assume that the average time for a drug to take effect is approximately
normally distributed.

Solution:
Ho:𝜇 = 15 (The average time a drug to take effect is 15 minutes).
Manalo, May Ann S. 1:30-3:00 T-Th P506
 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |5

H1: 𝜇 ≠ 15 (The average time a drug to take effect is not 15 minutes).

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Test Statistic: z-statistic

-1.96 1.96

Rejection region: Reject Ho if z ≥ or z- ≤ - 1.96

Computation:
18−15
𝑧 = 8 =2.62
√49
Statistical Decision: Reject Ho, since the computed value of z-statistic (2.62) falls within
the critical region.

Interpretation/Conclusion: We conclude that the average time a drug to take effect is not
15 minutes. Thus, the claim of pediatrician is true.

References: Statistics: Made Simple for Researchers, Abubakar S. Asaad, 2008

8. Problem: The breaking strengths of cables produced by a manufacturer have a mean of

1800 pounds (lb) and a standard deviation of 100 lb. By a new technique in the
manufacturing process, it is claimed that the breaking strength can be increased. To test
this claim, a sample of 50 cables is tested and it is found that the mean breaking strength
is 1850 lb. can we support the claim at the 0.01 significance level?

Solution:
Ho:𝜇 = 1800 𝑙𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑦 𝑛𝑜 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
H1: 𝜇 > 1800 𝑙𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑏𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.01

Test Statistic: z-statistic

2.33

Rejection region: Reject Ho if z > 2. 33. Otherwise, reject Ho.

Computation:
1850−1800
𝑧= 100 = 3.55
√50
Statistical Decision: Accept Ho, since the computed value of z-statistic (3.55) falls within
the acceptance region.

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 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |6

Interpretation/Conclusion: We conclude that there is no really change in breaking

strength. Hence, the results are highly significant and that the claim should thus be
supported.

Reference: Elementary Statistics 4TH Edition, Robert Johnson, 1980

9. Problem: For many semesters an instructors has recorded his students’ grades and the
mean μ for all these students’ grades is 72. The current class of 36 students seems to be
better than average in ability and the instructors wants to show that according to their
average “the current class is superior to his previous classes. “Does the class mean x̅ of
75. 2 present sufficient evidence to support the instructor’s claim that the current class is
superior. Use ∝= 0.05 and σ = 12.0.

Solution:
Ho: 𝜇 ≤ 72, class is not superior.
H1: 𝜇 > 72, class is superior.

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Test Statistic: z-statistic

1.645

Reject region: Reject Ho if z > 1.645.

Computation:

75.2−72
𝑧= 12.0 = 1.60
√36

Statistical Decision: Fail to reject Ho, since the computed value of z-statistic falls in the
noncritical region.

Interpretation/ Conclusion: There is not sufficient evidence to show that the current class
is superior.

10. Problem: The student body at many community colleges is considered a “commuter
population”. The following question was asked of the Student Affairs Office. “How far
(one way) does the average community college student commute to college daily?” The
office answered: “No more than 9.0 miles.” The inquirer was not convinced of the truth
of this and decided to test the statement. He took a sample of 5o students and found a
mean commuting distance of 10.22 miles. Test the hypothesis stated above at a
significance level of ∝= 0.05 andσ = 5 miles.

Manalo, May Ann S. 1:30-3:00 T-Th P506

 Testing Hypothesis on One Mean Z -tes |7

Solution:
Ho: 𝜇 ≤ 9.0
H1: 𝜇 > 9.0

Level of Significance: ∝= 0.05

Test Statistic: z-statistic

1.645

Rejection region: Reject Ho if z >1.645. Otherwise, reject Ho.

Computation:
10.22−9.0
𝑧= 5 = 1.73
√50

Statistical Decision: Reject Ho, since the computed value of z-statistic (1. 73) falls within
the critical region.

Interpretation/Conclusion: At the 0.05 level of significance, we conclude that the average

community college student probably travels more than 9.0 miles.

Reference: Elementary Statistics 4TH Edition, Robert Johnson, 1980

Manalo, May Ann S. 1:30-3:00 T-Th P506