ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

IN AUTOMOBILE
INDUSTRY

Section A - 4

Submitted to- Mohammad Minhaj

Submitted by:
AKSHAY HEGDE- 18004
LEON VARGHESE - 18016
VINAYAK RAJU-18028
JUHI SINGH-18040
KHUSHBOO TIWARI-18052

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Table of Contents

APPLICATIONS OF AI – ........................................................................................................................ 5
AI IN AUTOMOBILES ........................................................................................................................... 7
Man-made brainpower 'drives' driverless autos ........................................................................................ 8
Role of AI in an Organization ................................................................................................................. 10
AI in Automobile industry ...................................................................................................................... 11
IMPLEMENTATION OF AI IN AUTOMOBILE ................................................................................. 12
HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS SHAPING THE FUTURE OF AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
................................................................................................................................................................ 13
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES .............................................................................................................. 13
Future of AI in Automobile Industry ...................................................................................................... 14
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................... 16

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CONTRIBUTION OF EACH MEMBER

TOPICS CONTRIBUTION
INTRODUCTION AKSHAY HEGDE
AI IN AUTOMOBILES KHUSHBOO TIWARI
ROLE OF AI IN JUHI SINGH
ORGANISATION
AI IN AUTOMOBILE LEON VARGHESE
INDUSTRY
FUTURE JUHI & VINAYAK
ISSUES AND KHUSHBOO &VINAYAK
CHALLENGES
FORMATTING KHUSHBOO

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INTRODUCTION

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE – AI is a part of technological advancement

that emphasizes the creation of intelligent machines that work and react like humans.

KEY TERMINOLOGIES OF AI –

1. MACHINE LEARNING - Machine learning is an application of AI. In this

we create systems that have ability to learn with experience. The systems
automatically identify spam emails are trained to do so by exposing them to
millions of e-mails which are spammy and non-spammy in nature. With more
data, the program can understand and learn what makes an email.

Machine learning is different from a fully-AI system in the way that it does
not know what it was trained to do. For example, the above-mentioned AI
system can identify spams, but it will never be able to tell why it is doing that.
Or if a new type of email comes in, it will fail to understand it.

2. COGNITIVE ANALYTICS- It deals with thinking part of AI. It analyses

the data to give output and also train itself to deduce new thoughts. It can
make sense of unstructured data. This system is used more in chat bots and
customer service platform. For example, if this system reads a Harry Potter
book and is asked who the two best friends of Harry were, it can reply with
Hermoine and Ron.

3. ROBOTICS- Robotics is developing in a rapid pace with the improvement

in AI technology. Various companies have launched AI backed robotic
systems. MIT’s Cheetah II and IPsoft’s Amelia are examples of AI based
robotics. Robot is a programmed machine that performs rule-based tasks.
With the use of AI, the rule-based part increases as robot learns with its
experiences.

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TECHNIQUES USED IN AI –

NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING - is the study of how a computer

interacts with a human language. In application it refers to speech recognition and
speech synthesis in human language. Example- Apple’s Siri, Google Assistant,
Microsoft’s Cortana and Amazon’s Alexa relies on this technique.

NEURAL (ARTIFICIAL) NETWORKS - Neural networks are available in living

beings. It helps in taking decisions in day to day life and learn new things. Building
artificial neural networks is an attempt to create neural networks modelled on our
own brains. It uses different learning methods: supervised learning, unsupervised
learning, and reinforced learning. Neural networks have wide applications in pattern
recognition, machine learning, and deep learning.

HEURISTICS - It is one of the basic techniques in AI. Heuristics work on the

principal of trial and error. It is good for solving problems where it is hard to find a
solution definitely. Example- Telling which route is shorter on a map. The best way
to solve the problem is by identifying all the possible routes and then identifying the
shortest one or the route which has less traffic.

VECTOR MACHINES – It is capable of solving problems related to classification.

Example – An email system like Gmail for classifying emails as social or personal
in nature and dividing them respectively. The main function of vector machine is to
create parameters that divides the given data. This technique has wide applications
in image recognition, face recognition and text recognition systems.

APPLICATIONS OF AI –

AUTOMOBILES- AI technology is used in driverless vehicles. It can also used

in navigation system.

FINANCE- Banks use AI systems to organize operations, invest in stocks and

manage properties. Loan investigation, ATM design, safe and fast banking etc. also
uses AI. In August 2001, robots beat humans in a simulated financial trading
competition.

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GAMING- AI has also been applied to video games, for example video game bots,
which are designed to act as opponents.

HEAVY INDUSTRY- Huge machines are risky in manual maintenance and

working. Robots are efficient in handling it. They are often given jobs that are
considered dangerous to humans.

MUSIC- Research is being conducted to make the computer perform the activities
of skillful musician. Composition, performance, sound processing are some of the
major focused areas.

HOSPITALS AND MEDICINES- AI has also applications in field of

Cardiology (CRG), Neurology (MRI), Embryology (Sonography) etc. AI can also
be used to organize bed schedules, make a staff rotation and provide medical
information.

TELECOMMUNICATIONS - Many telecommunication companies make use

of heuristic search in the management of their workforces.

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AI IN AUTOMOBILES

 PAST
The possibility of self-automated cars has drifted in the mechanical world. The field
of robotization is important to scientists, and much has been refined here, of which
this paper displays a detailed chronology. This paper can enable one to comprehend
the patterns in self-governing vehicle innovation for the past, present, and future.
We see an extreme change in self-ruling vehicle innovation since 1920s, when the
main radio-controlled vehicles were composed. In the ensuing decades, we see
genuinely self-sufficient electric cars controlled by inserted circuits in the streets.
By 1960s, driverless cars having comparable electronic guide frameworks came into
picture. 1980s saw vision guided self-ruling vehicles, which was a noteworthy
turning point in innovation and till date we utilize comparative or adjusted types of
vision and radio guided advancements.

Different semi-self-ruling highlights presented in current autos, for example, path

keeping, programmed braking and versatile voyage control depend on such
frameworks. Broad system guided frameworks related to vision guided highlights is
the eventual automated vehicles. It is anticipated that most organizations will
dispatch completely automated vehicles by the coming of one decade from now. The
driverless cars are a yearning period of protected and comfortable transportation.

 PRESENT
Artificial intelligence (AI) frameworks, which utilize information and
calculations to mirror the subjective elements of the human personality, can learn
and take care of the issues autonomously, are quickly being conveyed over an
assortment of businesses and utilize cases. The automobile business is among the
enterprises at the edge of utilizing AI to copy, expand, and bolster the activities
of people, while at the same time utilizing the propelled response and pinpoint
exactness of machine-based frameworks. Without a doubt, the present semi-self-
sufficient vehicles and the completely self-ruling vehicles without bounds will
depend intensely on AI frameworks.

Past self-driving vehicles, AI can likewise be utilized to make life in the auto
more helpful and more secure, for both the driver and the travellers. In-auto
associates, driven by common dialect preparing (NLP) and machine learning
procedures, enable the vehicle's frameworks to react to voice orders and induce
what moves to make, without human intercession. The advances secured
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 incorporate machine adapting, profound learning, NLP, PC vision, machine
thinking, and solid AI.

Artificial knowledge is surprising the vehicle business and car players.They are
using their assets and innovation to think of the best. The magnificence of gadgets
with man-made brainpower is that it attempts to gain from tangible data sources
like genuine sounds and pictures. Similarly, when knowledge is connected to the
innovation inside a car, it would perceive nature and assess the logical
ramifications under any obstacles. In 2015, the introduce rate of AI based
frameworks in new vehicles was only 8%; this number is relied upon to take off
to 109% out of 2025. This is on account of various types of AI frameworks will
be introduced in vehicles.

Man-made brainpower 'drives' driverless autos

The idea behind driverless autos was around from the 1970s, so it isn't altogether
new. AI fuelled autos, have dependably caught our creative abilities. In the long run,
every one of the elements prompting man-made reasoning took care of business and
now driverless autos have turned into a reality.

All things considered, nearly, it is simply a question of time before you start to see
genuine insight in them. The thought is to engage the vehicle to act like a human
driver and drive through different conditions. Through strategies like sensor
combination and profound learning, specialists could build up an innovation that
would help fabricate a 3-D guide of the considerable number of exercises that occur
around the auto.

A portion of the main tech and car goliaths like Google and Tesla are burning
through a huge number of dollars in research to think of better innovation and to
make independent autos a business reality. As of late, Ford Motor Company made a
speculation of one billion dollars in Argo AI, another AI organization to deliver a
virtual driver framework later on, potentially by 2021.

Presently, how about we take a gander at the distinctive manners by which man-
made brainpower will drive the car business later on:

1. Machine Learning

Man-made reasoning is a sort of insight created because of magnificent logical trials.

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While in AI, gadgets would complete undertakings in a way people think about
shrewd, ML or Machine Learning is an utilization of AI where machines are given
sure information and they learn for themselves. MI is really a subset of AI.

Toyota has gone above and beyond and has united Big information, Machine
Learning and Artificial Intelligence to make very responsive self-ruling frameworks
that guide in versatility for the individuals who are "less ready to drive".

2. Profound Learning

Profound Learning is the procedure by which we execute Machine Learning. It is

with the assistance of Deep Learning that a significant number of the exercises in AI
occur without difficulties. DL helps separate errands in sensible lumps. The product
in DL learns and after that it begins imitating the exercises in the neuron layers of
our mind.

DL strategies have been extremely valuable in the vehicle business as it helps in

cutting edge driving help frameworks and self-sufficient driving. This is only inside
the vehicle.

As of late, an association was framed amongst Nvidia and Bosch to enhance the
quality and highlights of self-sufficient vehicles. Through this, Bosch will construct
a supercomputer that will work in such vehicles, and Nvidia will give the Deep
Learning innovation to control it. On account of both Nvidia and Bosch, in future
you can expect another level of AI contact in autos like Audi and Mercedes Benz.

3. The Internet of Things

Web of Things has made a permanent stamp in the car business and is ready to go
considerably more grounded in the coming years. Recently made vehicles had a
large group of new things joined to them – Smart sensors, geo-scientific capacities
with enormous information, inserted availability applications. Merchants or
producers will make the vehicle's firmware refreshes through finished the-air
programming

On the off chance that a vehicle is planned for administration or repair on a specific
day, execution information of the vehicle would be sent to the
maker/merchant/benefit focus. Through programming, the producer can amend

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certain execution issues in the vehicle; the proprietor might not need to influence a
shop to list. Upgraded fabricating quality is conceivable through IoT forms.

4. Intellectual Capabilities

The driverless transformation will keep on cruising along the boulevards, and you
will be observer to not simply little autos with AI capacities, but rather colossal 18-
wheel trucks conveying an arrangement of products also. This is made a stride
promote with psychological investigation that sort of mimics the human conduct by
taking a gander at the standards of conduct and information mining abilities. Bits of
knowledge would be drawn from a lot of unstructured information to settle on the
most proficient method to react normally continuously. Subjective abilities would
have the capacity to deal with dynamic working conditions too. Auto makers have
just begun fusing this into their vehicles. For instance, BMW has joined forces with
IBM to add subjective capacities to its autos. Through Big Blue's Watson AI
innovation, the thought is to enable vehicles to speak with each other.

5. Infotainment Systems

Computerized reasoning changes in-vehicle infotainment frameworks significantly.

In the infotainment classification, you can expect a spike in highlights like discourse
acknowledgment, eye following, checking driving, motion acknowledgment, and
database of characteristic dialects. In the long run, this will likewise go above and
beyond to consider driver condition assessment, camera-joined machine vision
frameworks, sensor combination motor control units and radar-based discovery
units.
There are infotainment human machine interfaces officially appended to vehicles
and this can screen and act as indicated by the calculations gathered from cloud-
based neural systems. This would then be utilized to perform propelled undertakings.

Role of AI in an Organization
AI is being one of the emerging technologies that has a lot of scope to change the
dynamics of the existing organizational structure. Though the implementation of AI
has been gradually increasing with partial or little dependence on AI by
organizations, the role of AI in an organization can be summed up as follows:

a) AI in Time management: AI helps organizations to maximize their resources

within a limited period of time and also helps to minimise wastage. AI helps to

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improve chances of making accurate predictions based on available, emerging and
historical data. It also hastens the process of any task which otherwise would become
time consuming due to manual intervention and it also increases the level of
accuracy.

b) AI in customer service: In the long run, any organization should focus on

providing customer satisfaction for which customer service becomes essential.
However, addressing these is a time-consuming process. So, AI proves to be very
helpful in dealing with customer services and helps to categorize the services to
respective departments. Thus, it saves the time of both the customers and the
organization.

c) AI in portfolio management: Organizations are engaged in the decision-making

process about investment and evaluating risk against performance. AI assists
portfolio management with little human intervention, which not only saves time and
provides accurate results.

d) AI in Human Resource: AI can be used to filter data and derive inferences that
reduce the job of the HR people, so they can focus on other major issues within the
organization.

AI in Automobile industry

Organisation is all about minimizing expenses and optimizing of technology for their
benefit. Adopting of autonomous driving cars will bring a main advantage of
providing employees with free time, this in turn can be put to use by the employees
to other important and attend any other personal works. Chores like attending calls,
replying to mails, reading newspaper can be done within this time.

Autonomous vehicles are also to maintain safety of the employees. Use of driverless
will help to decrease collisions and also to avoid any other expenses related to
automobiles and also improves the traffic flow of cars even at peak hours.
In organization especially concentrating on construction where trucks and other
heavy vehicles are used the petroleum and energy saved by using driverless can be
use in them. With the help of driverless cars land available can also be put to efficient
use. There is also a reduced requirement of parking.

With adopting of driverless cars in organisations there is also reduced number of

employees and personnel in organisation thus reducing the cost in an organisation.

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There is also an improved transport connectivity. Organization can enjoy a greater
convenience and improved efficiency within the organization. This will also help to
increase the productivity of employees and the profit from saving from such
additional cost can be invested in some other processes. Even though Autonomous
vehicle rule the showcase, it will also change the manufacturing, inventory and
quality control.
As per the result published by McKinsey last year it is said that AI will decrease
automotive manufacturing downtime with help of algorithms and sensors for
constant monitoring of equipments.AI-based algorithms can analyze data from
various sensors and other detect outliers, separate errors from background noise
,diagnose the problem and predict the breakdown.
This preventive maintenance could increase machines uptime by 20%, decrease in
in inspection cost by 25% and lower annual maintenance cost by 10%.
The cars will be surely built with better quality because AI can find defects nearly
about 90% more accurately than humans.AI can implemented in demand forecasting
to reduce excess inventory up to 50%. The improved QC and forecasting will result
in huge cost-savings on multiple points of automotive production and distribution
process.

IMPLEMENTATION OF AI IN AUTOMOBILE

Artificial intelligence is a combination of both hardware and software. It requires a

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camera for image recognition, mic for voice recognition, various sensors etc. A
processing system, which you can store the algorithm and run it which is trained to
run over and over again many number of times in order to get correct results to
function properly.

On coming to automobile data from sensors and other input methods sent directly
to manufactures so adjustments to operational systems can be made in next
production. Fleets of automobiles can be done more efficiently and reports on fuel
usage can be formulated and shared in real time. Smart sensors can find potential
health issues with drivers and add essential personnel to protect drivers.

HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS SHAPING THE FUTURE OF

AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
From HYBRID and ELECTRIC VEHICLES that promise driver environment
balanced with environmental protection to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning systems, which hold out the prospect of affordable, safe mobility for all, the
rapid pace of change this industry has been witnessing will leave it unrecognized –
not within decades, but within a year.
We have heard how TESLA has opened the dynamics of the car industry. from its
direct sales model to software performance upgrades and of course, autonomous
driving features that make long distance driving safer
TESLA is perhaps the best-known example of how innovation is shaping the future
of the car industry.
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES – Inspite of several advantage of implementation
of AI in automobile industry, there are a few drawbacks that are to be first dealt with
in order to ensure proper implementation of AI.
 Functional Safety: It refers to the overall safety of a system operating correctly
with regards to its inputs, to provide desired results. Specific steps which is
carried out by manufacturers to ensure that the absence of unacceptable risk
due to the hazards caused by the mal-functional behavior of their products
and systems.

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  Creating (and keeping up) maps for self-driving autos is troublesome work
self-driving autos work by depending on a blend of definite pre-made maps
and additionally sensors that "see" hindrances out and about continuously. For
self-driving autos to go standard, Google would need to assemble and keep up
definite maps everywhere throughout the nation — crosswise over 4 million
miles of open streets — and refresh them continually.
 The auto utilizes the guide as a source of perspective and afterward sends its
sensors to pay special mind to different vehicles, people on foot, and any new
questions that weren't on the guide, for example, sudden signs or
development.
 People depend on summed up insight and presence of mind that robots still
particularly lack. Much of the testing that Google has been doing throughout
the years has included "preparing" the autos' product to perceive different
prickly circumstances that fly up on the roads. Much like our eyes, auto
sensors don't fill in too in haze or rain or snow. In addition, organizations are
at present testing autos in areas with kindhearted atmospheres.
 Cybersecurity will probably be an issue — however a surmountable one. As
vehicles get more quick witted and more associated, there are more
approaches to get into them and upset what they're doing. This shouldn't be
difficult to settle. Programming organizations have been managing this issue
for a long time. A specific test if the car business attempts to create
frameworks that empower distinctive vehicles to converse with each other out
and about .

Future of AI in Automobile Industry

a) Predictive Vehicle Technology: AI and machine learning have an important role

in the automobile industry in the years to come. Increased algorithms are being used
to automate the process of setting up a vehicle, such as infotainment system and its
application preferences. IoT devices are being used to connect smartphones, take
commands, change user interface. The usage of this technology has not yet begun
extensively. It can be used in the form of sensors in the car that informs the owner if
the vehicle needs servicing.
b) Cars-as-a-Service (CaaS): It refers to an upcoming driverless car rental service.
Smart device owners can access such driverless car technology through applications.

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IHS Automotive predicts that the driverless CaaS are expected to roll out before
2025.
c) Automating manufacturing process: There are robots in the automobile
factories whose roles are restricted to certain arenas, but with AI implementation
advanced algorithmic research along with improved hardwares will allow AI to
demonstrate autonomy and creativity in the manufacturing process. Companies like
Tesla and Google are already using AI technology in their automated vehicles, and
a few start-ups like Argo AI, Drive.ai, Otto, Preferred Network, Zoox are looking to
extend such AI usage.

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REFERENCES

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
 https://blog.eduonix.com/artificial-intelligence/brief-introduction-artificial-
intelligence/

 https://www.hackerearth.com/blog/innovation-management/applications-of-
artificial-intelligence/

 https://www.gemalto.com/review/Pages/109-the-amount-by-which-artificial-
intelligence-in-new-vehicles-is-set-to-r.aspx

 https://blog.marketresearch.com/artificial-intelligence-in-cars-what-to-
expect-from-2017-to-2021

 https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/299953

 https://www.ama.org/publications/MarketingNews/Pages/past-present-
future-ai-marketing.aspx

 https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/digital-mckinsey/our-
insights/building-smarter-cars

 https://towardsdatascience.com/the-future-of-technology-in-the-automotive-
industry-11081c8a1999

 https://www.vox.com/2016/4/21/11447838/self-driving-cars-challenges-
obstacles

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