Corporate Planning

1. Discuss the factors that should be considered in corporate planning.

 Basically, business plan are made as a guide on a business’s journey in a short and long term basis.
Strategies are very crucial in planning as well as in implementation. Several uncontrollable factors
might be encountered along the way of a business’s operation. It should answer the questions like
“Where do you want your business to go?”; “Find out how would you like to see your business in the
next five, ten, or fifteen years down the lines?”; “What is your expected revenue and profit in future?”;
“How many employees will you hire?”; “How would you like to expand your business?”, and etc.
Some factors are also need to be considered, and they are the following:
 Market Strategies- a business's overall game plan for reaching people and turning them
into customers of the product or service that the business provides. The marketing
strategy of a company contains the company’s value proposition, key marketing
messages, information on the target customer and other high-level elements. It lies along
with a marketing plan, wherein a more detailed scenario is given for a long period of time
in order to reach, meet and retain customer satisfaction to the product and /or services
being offered.
 Competitive Analysis – includes the Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of
the business among other existing business in the industry. It is a good point to know and
understand each other’s edge in able to create a more advantageous strategies.
 Design and Development Plan - this entails product design and layout. Each
product/services being offered in the market must be unique to have a distinction among
others. It helps the customer categorized their need and buy what’s most familiar and
useful to them. Moreover, the product must have a development plan wherein the
changes or improvement will vary according to the changing need and trend in the
environment.
 Operation and Management Plan- This plan should be created in such a way that it would
describe the functioning of the business in a clear manner. It must highlight the logistics
of the company in a well-defined way -- right from responsibilities of the management
team, the requirement of capital to run different operations, to tasks assigned to different
people within the organization — the plan should contain every prominent factor.
 Financial Plan- this contemplates the overall finances of the business starts with the
capital or investment needed, assets (fix and non-fixed), liabilities, accountabilities and
receivables. This should be taken sensitively for it accounts the investment and revenue
plan of the business. With these, finances can be easily monitored and recorded.

2. Is the concept of corporate /business planning applicable only to companies with large-scale operations?
Why or why not?
 Business plan do works on both small and large-scale operations. It is very simple and
undemanding for it only covers a short period of time and minimal conditions for the business to
go through. It only becomes complicated when it started to see its potential in the market and
decided to operate big from time to time. But it might vary on the situation as per being in the
business industry is risky in every aspect.
 It is common to have a business plan for the large-scale operation businesses for it caters a bigger
market and might offers a variety of products/services. The risk for them is very high that it
requires the most detailed and sensitive business plan and strategies. These businesses are said to
be complicated for it competes among other large scale business in the industry.

3. Is corporate planning part of a business organization’s strategies or the other way around?
 Corporate planning is the act of creating a long-term plan to improve the business. A corporate
plan examines a business's internal capabilities and lays out strategies for how to use those
capabilities to improve the company and meet goals. At one point, a corporate plan can be a part
of the business organization strategy by developing the plan to be the guide of the business in its
long-term and overall operation. But on the other hand, the plan itself includes the strategies of the
organization in different category and aspect of the business. It has detailed, step-by-step action on
how, why, when, where and what to do at a specific situation. This serves as a guide and a
platform throughout the journey of the business. It can be classified as a strategy and a guide at the
same time.
Business Ethics

1. Describe what business ethics is and its importance and effect to an organization.
 Business Ethics is the system of moral and ethical beliefs that guides the values, behaviors and
decisions of a business organization and the individuals within that organization. A business that
has stated morals and made a promise to work in an ethical and responsible manner allows
investors’ peace of mind that their capital is being used in a way that arranges with their own
moral standing. This includes some ethical requirements for businesses are codified into law;
environmental regulations, the minimum wage, and restrictions against insider trading
and collusion. Once this ethical behavior of an organization touches the market (internal and
external), it may benefit from (1) attracting customers to firm’s products and/.or services that will
lead to boosting sales and profits; (2) make employees want to stay in the business, reduce labor
turnover and increase productivity and performance; (3) Attract more employees wanting to work
for the business, reduce recruitment costs and enable the company to get the most talented
employees; and (4) Attract investors and keep the company’s share price high, thereby protecting
the business from takeover. Reputation is one of a company’s most important assets, and one of
the most difficult to rebuild should it be lost. Businesses can increase sales or increase their
reputation through its ethical behavior.

2. Explain why business ethics will not reconcile with corporate goals
 Business Ethics as we always say are moral principles that guide the way a business behaves. It is
an act of choosing the right choice upon distinguishing what is right and wrong. Corporate
Goals are targets set by an organization as specific, quantifiable outcomes that it commits to attain
in order to achieve its corporate mission and objectives. Defining both terms characterize business
ethics will not settle with the corporate goals but rather, it is the other way around. An
organization’s corporate goals are kind of intricate and challenging to meet because of
competition, changing trend, uncontrollable factors, global market scenarios, etc.. Consequently,
actions and/or behaviours of an organization will greatly depend on the current situation in the
industry wherein business ethics might be compromised. An organization must note that it should
decide ethically regardless of the situation. It is not the ethics that will adjust to meet the corporate
goals. That is why business ethics will not reconcile with corporate goals of an organization.

3. Discuss the importance of moral concept in the context of:

a. Corporate governance - Corporate governance is concerned with the ownership, control and
accountability of companies, and how the corporate pursuit of economic objectives relates to a
number of wider ethical and societal considerations. Good Corporate Governance is key to
Growing Profits and Reputation. It represents the relationship among stakeholders that is used to
determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations.
b. Public perception – is the complex collection of opinions of many different people and the sum of
all their views. It is about understanding, comprehending and accepting public’s perception
towards the organization and uses it as a reference for future decision making of the business.
c. Organizational culture - Organizational culture is defined as the underlying beliefs, assumptions,
values and ways of interacting that contribute to the unique social and psychological environment
of an organization. Organizational culture affects the way people and groups interact with each
other, with clients, and with stakeholders. These cultures had been passing throughout the old
employees to the newly hired one making it vigorous in the organization, that even it is unethical;
it goes around the environment because the morality had been gone.
d. Discipline – is the practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior,
using punishment to correct disobedience.

e. Employee relations –
4. The notion of perfect competition... actually comes to mean no competition at all: an equilibrium in which
all participants have perfect information and in which companies can change neither prices nor products
and can essentially affect neither supply nor demand.
Question: Are you inclined to adapt this principle? Note that you are beholden (being the Manager) or you
will be asked to deliver certain objective usually quantitative terms to the company where you are working.
 No, I am not going to adapt the principle of perfect competition. The company I am working does
not just aim for profit but also to lead the market place. A perfect competition cannot work in the
business industry. But as a manager, I will surely to play fair and smart. If all participants will gain
all the information, there would be no more challenges as to how a business will top among others
in terms of products and services. Additionally, a healthy competition is more acceptable and can
be somehow ethical in a way.

5. One method of categorizing business acts is by examining the motives of the decision maker.
For instance, a consideration of the results or consequences of an act (teleological) can be based on either
self interest (egoism) or a concern for the social good (utilitarian). In contrast, an act may be viewed as
inherently good or bad on such principles as obligation or duty (deontological) and may also be seen as
either selfish or altruistic.
Question: Given the chance you are to head an organization, the style of your leadership will influence any
of the ideologies mentioned above. The only option is either you embrace this even if it is against your will
or resign, which will you choose?
 There are al