CHRIST POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, RAJKOT

Subject:- CMT (3350701) 2 MARKs Q_and A

UNIT – 2

1. Define Seek time and Latency in Hard Disk Drive.

Or
1. Explain Seek time and Latency of HDD in brief.
Ans.
❖ SEEK TIME
➔ Seek time is a time to move the read/write head from the current position to the desired track location
that contains data.
➔ The first HDD had an average seek time of about 600 ms. Average seek time range for high-end server
is 4 ms, for desktop drives typically around 9 ms.
❖ LATENCY
➔ Latency (Sometimes Called Rotational Latency) is the delay waiting for the rotation of the disk to bring
the required disk sector under the read/write head.
➔ It depends on a rotational speed of a disk, measured in RPM (Rotation per Minute). The standard HDD
had an average latency of about 5400 rpm.

2. Define the following terms (i) Tracks (ii) Cylinder (iii) Sectors (iv) Cluster
Or
2. Explain Tracks, Cylinder, Sectors and Cluster in brief.
Ans.
❖ TRACKS

➔ Each side of the platter surface is divided into concentric circles called tracks.
➔ Each track is identified by its number. The outermost tracks are given track number 0, the next
one 1 and so on. The innermost track has the highest track number.
❖ CYLINDERS

➔ The identically aligned tracks on each side of every platter together make a cylinder.
➔ The data is stored cylinder by cylinder on the disk.
➔ For example first all the tracks or same cylinder is written, once cylinder becomes full the
read/write head moves to the next cylinder for the remaining data.
❖ SECTORS and CLUSTER

➔ The tracks of the platters are further divided into smaller units called sectors.
➔ Each sectors organized into cluster which consists fixed number of bytes (Generally 512 bytes).
➔ Different capacity of the HDD divide tracks into different number of sectors commonly 17 to 100
sectors per track.
 CHRIST POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, RAJKOT
Subject:- CMT (3350701) 2 MARKs Q_and A
3. Differentiate Floppy Disk and Hard Disk Drive in brief.
Ans.
SR. NO. FLOPPY DISK DRIVE HARD DISK DRIVE
Floppy contains single plastic Hard disk contains one or more
1.
coated disk. platters.
It can store as small amount of It can store a large amount of data
2.
data. as compare to FDD.
Data access speed of FDD is Data access speed of HDD is
3.
slower than HDD. faster than a FDD.
It is less expensive than hard It is more expensive than floppy
4.
disk. disk.

4. “CD, DVD, Pen drive and Optical Magnetic disk are optical storage devices.” Is this statement
correct? Justify your answer.
Ans.
➔ No above statement is not correct because CDs and DVDs are the optical storage devices but pen –drive
is not optical storage device. Devices such as Pen drives and memory cards are called flash drive
devices.

5. Give full form of following terms

Ans.

(i) EIDE Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics

(ii) SCSI Small Computer System Interface

(iii) RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disk

(iv) RPM Rotation Per Minute

(v) DVD – ROM Digital Video Disc – Read Only Memory

(vi) DVD – R Digital Video Disc – Recordable

(vii) DVD – RW Digital Video Disc – Rewritable