Christine Lyka M.

Pondoyo November 20, 2018

TCW TTh 7:30-9:00 EO336TC Ms. Arra Katrina Villaruel

REALISM
-the dominant theory in the world since
the beginning of the academic
International Relations
-a point of reference for alternative
theories.
TYPES
CRITICISMS

WHAT’S ESSENTIAL?
Structural
c Statism is flawed both on empirical
Structural Practical Liberal
(challenges to state power from
Realism I Realism Realism II Realism
‘above’ and ‘below’) and normative
The state is the pre-eminent actor grounds (the inability of the states
Statism
and all other actors in world to respond to collective global
politics are of lesser significance. problems such as famine,
environmental degradation, and
State
International It is not human human rights abuses).
The international ‘sovereignty’
Politics is driven Political realism nature, but the
anarchy can be signifies the
by an endless recognizes that anarchical system ) sovereign states to respond
cushioned by existence of an
struggle for power principles are that fosters fear,
states who have
which has its subordinated to jealousy, independent It is the primary objective of all
the capability to
roots in human policies; the suspicion, and political states which all political leaders
deter other states For survival, are there no limits to
nature. Justice, ultimate skill of insecurity. community.
from aggression, must adhere. Leaders must adopt a
what actions a state can take in the
law, and society the state leader is Conflict can
and who are able an ethical code which judges
have either no to accept and emerge even if the name of necessity?
to construct actions according to the outcome
place. adapt to, the actors have benign
changing political intent towards
elementary rules Survival rather in terms of a judgment about
for their whether the person is right or
configurations in each other.
coexistence. wrong. Self-help is not an inevitable
world politics.
‘Low politics’ consequence of the absence of a
Key thinkers: goals are world government; self-help is the
Key thinkers:
Key thinkers: Machiavelli Key thinkers: secondary game which states have chosen to
Hobbes No other state can be relied upon to
Thucydides Carr Rousseau play. Moreover, there are historical
Bull guarantee your survival. The
Morgenthau Waltz examples where states have
structure of the system of
preferred forms of regional
Self-help international politics does not
integration, in preference to self-
permit friendship, trust, and honor.
help.