Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Submitted to:
HR Millat Tractors Limited
Submitted by:
M.Musayyab Dawood
M.Israr Ahmad
Ali Hamza
M.Abubakar Siddique
M.Uzair
Arslan Hafeez
Abdul Hanan
Discipline:
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Duration:
June 26, 2019 to July 23, 2019
MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Table of Contents
Introduction .......................................................................................................... 4
Summary ................................................................................................................................................. 4
Industrial Products .................................................................................................................................. 5
Agricultural implements ......................................................................................................................... 5
Machining Division ................................................................................................ 5
Transmission Case Gear Box ................................................................................................................... 6
Raw casting vendors ............................................................................................................................... 6
Material .................................................................................................................................................. 6
Process ............................................................................................................................................ 6
OPERATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 6
Center Housing ................................................................................................................................... 8
SECTION # 1..................................................................................................................................... 8
SECTION # 2..................................................................................................................................... 9
Cylinder Head ...................................................................................................................................... 9
Cylinder Block ................................................................................................................................... 10
Axle Housing (Material SG-Iron) ....................................................................................................... 12
Engine Assembly Plant ......................................................................................... 13
Diesel Engine: ................................................................................................................................ 13
Size of Engine ................................................................................................................................ 13
Diesel Engine types ....................................................................................................................... 14
Types of Models ............................................................................................................................ 14
Sections ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Engine Assembly Line............................................................................................................................ 15
Imports.......................................................................................................................................... 15
Test Shop .......................................................................................................................................... 16
Rectification ...................................................................................................................................... 17
Quality Assurance ................................................................................................................................. 18
Mechanical Testing Lab......................................................................................................... 18
Metrology Lab ....................................................................................................................... 18
Chemical Analysis and Metallography Lab ........................................................................... 18
Tractor Assembly Plant ......................................................................................... 19
Axle Assembly ............................................................................................................................. 19
Engine…………………........................................................................................................……………..23
Paint Booth ...................................................................................................................……………..24
Swot analysis ................................................................................................................................... ……… 25
Strengths:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 25
Weakness:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25
GROUP B
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Introduction
Millat Tractors Limited (MTL) was established in 1964 to introduce and market Massey
Ferguson (MF) Tractors in Pakistan. An assembly plant was set up in 1967 to assemble
tractors imported in semi-knocked down (SKD) condition.
The company was nationalized under Economic Reforms Order in 1972 and started
assembling and marketing tractors on behalf of Pakistan Tractor Corporation (PTC) which
was formed by the Government for import of tractors in SKD condition. In 1980 the
Government decided on indigenization of the tractors and entrusted this task to PTC
(Pakistan Tractor Corporation).
As in mechanical engineering; there is a lot of practical work. University tries its best to create
a healthy environment for students.
But still there are subjects of interests which should be addressed through industrial tours. In
industries one can gain a lot of practical knowledge about different subjects of mechanical
engineering like Thermodynamics, Mechanics of Materials, Machine Design, manufacturing
processes, engineering management and a lot more practical and applied knowledge related
to the field.
Millat Tractors Ltd. gave us an opportunity to have a complete survey of different areas of
industry to learn and to understand the practical knowledge of the things we studied in class.
This report is a basic overview of the pros & cons of the internship. And in order to give a brief
overview of the industry.
Summary
This report is based on the activities performed during the internship at Millat Tractors Ltd.
Internship duration was almost of two weeks and it provided practical knowledge of working
in professional environment. This learning experience is described in detail and the various
sections of this report. In the first section, there is some detail about the company. The history
and present status of the company is explained. The organization structure and the details of
its operations along with its location are also discussed. I have also discussed the
manufacturing sequence and the important departments of the company.
The second section provides information about the activities that I performed during the
internship. I worked as an internee in marketing and production department.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Industrial Products
Millat Generating Sets
Massey Generating Sets
Fork Lift Truck
Prime movers
Agricultural implements
Chisel Plough (MT-01)
Disc Plough (MT-765)
Mold Board Plough (MT-02(M))
Mold Board Plough (MT-02(H))
Tine Tillers (MT-38/ 9 tines)
Tine Tillers (MT-38/11 tines)
Tine Tillers (MT-38/13 tines)
Front Blade MF-08/1 (for MF240/MF260)
Front BladeMT-08/2 (for MF375E/MF385)
Multi-Purpose Rare Blade (MT-21)
Agriculture Loader MT-11/2 (for MF 385)
Farm TrailerMT-12/2 (for MF240/MF260)
Farm Trailer MT-12/3 (for MF375E/MF385)
Swinging Draw Bar MT-15
Jib Crane MT-16
Post Hole Digger MF-815
Machining Division
There are nine lines in the machining division listed below
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Material
Grade 14
Hardness (189-229)
Weight(87 kg before machining)
(83 kg after machining)
Process
Material management
Balancing
OPERATIONS
Front face
Top
Rear
Bottom
Right
Left
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Final boring and reaming of dowels and forward and reverse gears with 20 microns
accuracy.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Center Housing
Here balancing by receiver gauge for cutting allowance.
It is divided into four sections.
SECTION # 1
Operation # 20 (Semi-Auto PLC Face Milling Machine)
Lug facing is performed on this machine.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
SECTION # 2
Four operations are performed in this section.
Operation # 140 (Double X Milling Machine)
Duplex
(Side cover) right & left milling operations are performed here.
Cylinder Head
Operation # 1 (Plant # 756)(Milling Machine)
Joint face
Cover face
Rough cut
Final cut
Operation # 2 (Plant # 1656)(Indexible gang drill unit)
Joint face w.r.t resting pads and dowel holes.
Operation # 3(Horizontal Milling machine)
Inlet and outlet facing
Operation # 4
Front & Rear face
Facing, Drilling and Tapping
Operation # 5
Finish cut
Milling (Final cut) to inlet & outlet face
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Reaming
Tapping of cast hole & threading
Operation # 6
Valve hole formation
Inlet (greater) and outlet (smaller) valve
Operation # 8
Final milling
Tapping of inlet & outlet
Fixing of water jacket in head
Operation # 9
Water jacket (head)
Leakage inspection with pressure 30 psi.
Operation # 10
Valve fixing
Cylinder Block
Operation # 1 (Radial drill machine)
Operation # 3 (1554)
Holes in head face and sum face (Dowel) which is used in water jacket.
Complete operation on head & sum face by drilling, tapping and reaming.
Hydraulic conveyor is used here for transportation.
Operation # 4
Three types of gauges are used here for inspection.
1- Plug gauge
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
2- Thread gauge
3- Width gauge
Operation # 5
Complete the Boring thickness here and face sizes
Check the sizes with inspection tools.
Operation # 7
Rear and Front end facing & boring are performed in this operation.
Operation # 8
Reaming of all holes located on front and rear sides.
Operation # 9
Finishing operations to make the sizes accurate up to 25 microns.
Operation # 10 (5939)
Idler bore (side),
Cylinder gauge with 10-15 microns accuracy.
Operation # 16-17
Operation # 18
The all in one machine (works using reference points)
Cam for lift pump
Spring steal sealing caps (knock tight) for water gallery.
Operation # (6270)
Operation # (6403)
Finish operations with 15-20 microns accuracy.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Operation # (749)
Sleeve insertion is performed in this operation
Operation # 30A
Outside turning
Operation # 30B
Outside turning
Double head stock (left and right side)
Operation # 40
Facing of small end
Operation # 50
Facing of large end.
Operation # 60
Guide cuts for fitting alignment.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Operation # 90
Drilling of Fendral boxes hole (for mud guard)
Coolant used here: Cutting oil # 52
Operation # 100
Thrust block fitting face
Size of Engine:
There are three size groups of Diesel engines.
Small - Under 188 kW (252 hp) output
Medium
Large
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
3- Cylinder Types
Model-240: Simple diesel engine model
Model-260: Diesel engine with Turbo Charger
4- Cylinder Types
Model-375
Model-385
4- Cylinder engine block are imported from China
Types of Models:
o MF 240 (50 hp)
o MF 260 (60 hp)
o MF 350 (50 hp)
o MF 375 (75 hp)
o MF 385 (85 hp)
o MF 385 4W (85 hp)
Sections:
The Engine Assembly plant is divided in to four main parts:
Segregation
Assembly Line
Test Shop
Rectification
Segregation:
After the machining process on engine block the engine block is forwarded to
the Assembly Plant where it is washed in the washing machines at 80 C of
temperature. This machine is also called Degreasing Machine. In this process
Crankshaft also washes in the temperature of 60 C and the chemical which is used
for washing is Trio- lone. This process is known as segregation.
Pre-Assembly Operations:
All parts of engines, incoming for Engine Assembly are oiled.
1. First operation on parts is Poly ethylene washing
2. Second operation is Air blowing
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
TAP
OP-40 OP-30 OP-20 OP-10
Imports
4-Cylinder engine block are imported from China
Crank shaft from turkey
Operation # 10
Assembly and grading of bearing shells, crank shaft, thrust washers and adapter
Assembly of cam-shaft, Pin dowels, Studs, and screw
Fixing of crank-shaft
Shift the block to trolley
Assembly of tappet drain plug and trolley support, torque the crank shaft
Operation # 20
Punching of Engine Number
Assembly and tightening of Cam-shaft gear
Alignment of timing case and tightening of bolts
Assembly and tightening of water jacket, bridge piece and timing case.
Operation # 30
Assembly and tightening of main oil seal and bearing shells
Insertion of piston
Tightening and torque check of Con-rod, Assembly of main oil seal with bolts
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Operation # 40
Alignment of balancer
Assembly of balancer section pipe, fuel pump and sump stud
Assembly of fuel pump gear and timing mark
Tightening and torque check of gears and balancer
Checking of back lash.
Operation # 60
Assembly and tightening of Cylinder head, alignment of Sump-stud.
Assembly and tightening of Sump, pump and drain plug
Assembly and torque check of Sump, Sump-bolts and Hose pipes, torque of head.
Operation # 70
Assembly of Dip-stick tube, dip-stick, Rocker shaft and breath pipe.
Adjustment of Tappets
Assembly and tightening of lift pump, bush rod tappet cover exhaust and plate
Operation # 80
Coloring, Alignment and torque check of timing case
Assembly, tightening and torque check of Injector (Code-HL) and pressure pipe.
Operation # 90
Assembly, tightening and torque check of crack pulley, induction manifold hose pipe
(inlet and outlet) and side plate.
Assembly and tightening of oil filter with head and cooler, return pipe, water outlet and
thermostats
Here (Engine ---> oil filter head ---> Cooler ---> oil filter)
Operation # 100
Test Shop
In the Test Shop there are different testing beds which are used for testing the
Engine R.P.M, Oil leakage and tappet setting .Different ranges are given below
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
This table shows the ranges of testing values. If the engine performance is
between these values then the engine is passed but if the values greater than the
engine is rejected and forwarded to the Rectification.
Rectification
In Rectification section, following errors are removed:
Water Leakage
Check water pump, Head Gasket, Water Plug, Drain Plug and Cylinder
Head rear plate.
Oil Leakage
Check Tappet Cover , Cylinder Head Gasket , Front rear half moan
joint , Sump joint , Timing Case cover , Rear end oil seal , Oil filter , Drain plug, PTO plate ,
Pressure pipe and elbow pipe and Timing case cover seal.
Fuel Leakage
Checking of Fuel injection Pump, fuel injection pressure and Fuel lift pump.
Sound Testing
Proper checking of all the Timing gears and Knocking.
Appearance
Checking of Missing and Vibration.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Quality Assurance
Quality assurance department ensured the quality and reliability of the products by
exercising the quality control rules in all departments in order to achieve the
customer satisfaction.
There are several sections which ensure the quality of the product, each of these is
discussed here:
QA – BOF
Here all the products which are bought from the vendors are tested to
check whether it meets the required criteria or not. A sample of each
component is selected from the lot for the test.
Metrology Lab
In this lab following instruments are used:
1) Involutes Gear Tester-It is used to check
Vertical profile of gear
Involutes profile of gear
2) Involutes Gear Tester -It is used to check
Tooth error
Total composite error
Total tolerance error
3) Universal Measuring Machine (UMM)-It is used to
Calibrate the gauges
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Thermostat test
Oil immersion test for rubber
Heat treated test for rubber
Glassy test for paint
Drop point test for oil and lubricants
Viscosity test for lubricants and oils
Flash point test
Metallography
QA – TAP
Similarly QA section in the TAP takes the complete audit of each tractor to
ensure the quality and reliability.
Axle Assembly :
This is the first stage in tractor assembly. There are two axle assembly lines,
One for right axle and other for left axle. Axle is fitted in axle tube which is followed
by brake assembly. On week end of the axle roller bearing is placed. The further
operation on axle assembly line is the fixing of left and right axels with center
housing.
Centre housing is one of the main components of the tractor. Mainly it
comprises of crown wheel and pinion mechanism, six different gears, hydraulic pump
and power transmission shaft.
Plough Assembly:
It contains hydraulic cylinder, piston and plunger assembly. Cylinder contains
Hole in its bottom, through which the pressurized oil from the hydraulic pump
enters which operates the plunger assembly which governs the rise and fall of
plough. The pressure of the hydraulic pump is variable and its control is provided
with two levers through which the rising and falling speed of plough is controlled.
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Engine Attachment:
The most important part “the engine” of the tractor is attached here. Engine is
attached and the contacts are provided to the gear box.
Final Stage:
Now the final touch is given to the tractor assembly which comprises of the
wiring, attachment of head light, seat, safety covers, fuel tank, radiator, battery etc.
Pre-delivery Testing:
Now the tractor is ready for trial run, after having trial run, any fault e.g.
leakage of oil, missing of any nut or bolt, tightening of nut or bolt etc. is identified.
Procedure:
Assembled engines and all other parts from machining division are sent to the tractor
assembly plant for assembly of tractors. Tractor assembly plant is divided into the
following sections:
Rear Axle Belt
Assembly Line 1
Assembly Line 2
Assembly Line 3
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Front /Rear
Axle Assembly
Flash Off Paint
Area Booth
Assembly
Hydraulic pump
Axle Housing
Assembly Fuel Tank
Hydraulic
lift Test Assembly
Central Housing
Seat
Assembly
Assembly
Fender Battery +
Star Gear Wire Con.
Assembly
Assembly
Rear Axle Belt
Here rear axle assembly both right and left are attached to the center housing
which contains the following parts:
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Axle Assembly
There are two types of axle assemblies.
Assembly line 1
Here three main components are attached to the center housing. These
components are as follows:
Gear Box
Gear Box is assembled in a sub-assembly named as “TRANSMISSION SUB ASSEMBLY” where
the following components are attached:
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Reverse Gear
Counter Shaft
Clutch Shaft
Main Shaft
Rail Shaft
Rear Main Drive Shaft
Small & Big Pinion Gear
Lock & Fork
Carrier Ring
PTO Coupler
PTO Gear
Steering Mechanism
Gear Levers
Assembly line 2
Engine
Engine is attached ahead of gear box. Engine is assembled in a subassembly named as
ENGINE PREPARATION. Then foot board is assembled
which is prepared in a sub-assembly named as FOOT BOARD. Then brake pedal
is assembled which is prepared in a sub-assembly named as BRAKE PEDAL.
Front Support Assembly
It consists of the following parts:
Center Beam
Pivot Pin
Axle Arm
Remote Gear Pipe
Now up to here, assembly is called Chassis. Then it is sent to the water washing at
70°C and 160 bar pressure.
This line is also called Paint Line. In this line, grey color is coated on the
chassis. The procedure consists of the following steps:
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MILLAT TRACTORS LTD.
Paint Booth
The assembly is then sent to the paint booth where grey paint is sprayed.
Assembly line 3
This line is also called the Cosmetic Line. Here the remaining parts are assembled. These
parts with their sub-assemblies are mentioned under:
Radiator
It is assembled in the RADIATOR ASSEMBLY.
Fuel Tank
It is assembled in the FUEL TANK ASSEMBLY.
Rear Fender
It is assembled in the FENDER ASSEMBLY.
Top Hood
It is assembled in the HOOD ASSEMBLY.
Front Grill
It is assembled in the GRILL ASSEMBLY.
Oil Filter
Here oil filter is fitted.
Generator
Here generator is attached.
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Side Hood
Side hoods are attached here which are coming from different line.
Battery
Then battery is attached.
INTERNSHIP REPORT 25