Semi Detailed Lesson Plan in Geography

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the pupils will be able to:

a) Identify the different kind of cultural and economic geography of Cordillera

Administrative Region.
b) Appreciate the different culture and economic features of Cordillera
Administrative Region through activity.
c) Construct a Resource map of Cordillera Administrative Region.

II. Subject Matter

A Topic: C.A.R Cultural and Economic Geography

B. Materials: Pictures; Printed Materials; Laptop; board and marker

C. Reference: https://www.dti.gov.ph/regions/car/car-profile-of-region

D. Methodology

Learning Task 2 – Motivation

“Guess it, Paste it”
- At first, the teacher will group the class into three and give them colored cut outs of
different provinces in C.A.R. After that, the students will guess the jumbled letters that is
presented by the teacher. The different Jumbled letters has a background color that corresponds
to the given cut outs of provinces. When the pupils guess the word they will write it on the
appropriate colored cut outs and then paste it on the C.A.R map.

B. Lesson Proper Learning Task 3 – Activity

“Egg Hunting”
- The teacher hide eggs inside the classroom and then the students will find it. The
eggs have different colors according to the color of provinces on the C.A.R map.
When they found it they will open it and stick the pictures inside it in the map of
C.A.R.
Learning Task 4 – Analysis
So base on your activities, What region is on the map?
Where is the location of the region 1 in our map? Can you describe it where it located?
What are the provinces that composed of Cordillera Administrative region?
What about the different attractions or their tourist spot can you name some famous tourist
destination?
How about their products?
Learning Task 5 – Abstraction
Cordillera Administrative Region designated as CAR, is an administrative region in the
Philippines situated within the island of Luzon. The only landlocked region in the insular country
The region comprises six landlocked provinces: Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga and
Mountain Province. The regional center is the highly urbanized city of Baguio.
The Cordillera region is known for its unique musical instruments including the gangsa, nose
flute, bamboo flute, bangibang, tongatong, diwdiw-as, saggeypo, and bamboo zither that plays an
integral part of their culture.
The six provinces of C.A.R
Benguet- is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the southern tip of the Cordillera
Administrative Region in the island of Luzon. Its capital is La Trinidad.
The highland province is known as the Salad Bowl of the Philippines due to its huge production
of upland vegetables.
Situated within the interior of Benguet is the highly urbanized city of Baguio.
ECONOMIC FEATURE: Agriculture, mining, and tourism are the major industries in Benguet.
Its cool climate and high altitude has made it an ideal place for producing highland vegetables.
Major crops produced which include potatoes, Baguio beans, peas, strawberries, cabbage,
broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, sayote and carrots are shipped throughout the country.
Horticulture and floriculture are practiced in the province.[49] The province supplies flowers to
the different municipalities, including Baguio City, as well as to Metro Manila, including other
parts of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao.
Other agricultural-related activities are monggo processing, fruit preservation, peanut brittle
manufacturing, broom making and basket weaving.
Mining is a major industry in Benguet, which is one of the country's leading gold producers.[5]
The Benguet Corporation, the first and oldest mining company in the Philippines, has extracted
gold, copper and chromite in Itogon since 1903.
Other mineral deposits are silver, copper, pyrite, and limestone. Silver smithing is a large
industry in Benguet, and many entrepreneurs sell silver works at lower prices in Baguio City
compared to Manila.
TOURIST SPOTS
The province is a major tourist destination in the country,[1] with most of its tourist spots
centered on culture and nature.
Baguio
Mount Pulag along Kabayan
Kennon Road in Tuba
Ambuklao Dam in Bokod
Binga Dam in Itogon
strawberry and flower farms in La Trinidad
Palina and Naguey rice terraces in Atok.
Tuba and Tublay hot springs
centuries-old mummies in kabayan
CULTURE
The Ibaloi, also called Nabaloi or Inibaloy, are among the indigenous people collectively known
as the Benguet people who occupy the Northern part of Luzon, notably the mountainous terrain
of the Cordillera Administrative Region.
The name Ibaloi means "people who live in houses."
They have a rich culture that existed long before the Spaniards or any other foreigners stepped
foot on the Philippines.
the Benguet people believe in supreme beings and spirits that guide their way of living as well as
their future.
Famous for their ancient tradition of mummification- The Ibalois, especially the affluent
families, have an ancient tradition of preserving a loved one's dead body through mummification.
It is a complicated process that takes about weeks or months and sometimes even years to
accomplish. The corpse is properly cleaned and covered in salt and herbs before it is placed over
a fire in a seated position. Meanwhile, tobacco smoke is blown into the cadaver's mouth to dry its
internal organs. This process helps remove fluids from the body.
The remains were enclosed in oval-shaped coffins estimated by scientists to date back between
1200 and 1500 CE. The mountain is considered sacred and believed to be inhabited by ancestral
spirits. To appease these spirits, the locals pay respect through offerings and rituals.
There are still between 50 to 80 mummies left in their natural caves in Benguet. This ancient
practice has since died beginning in the 1500s when the Philippines was colonized by Spain.
Cañao Tradition
A popular native feast amongst the Ibalois is the Cañao Tradition. It is a thanksgiving ritual that
refers to several native feasts of the Ibaloi and Benguet people. There are different types of cañao
ceremonies, most of which involve massive preparations and revelry. Among the most
extravagant observances is the Pechit or Pesshet that entails feeding the whole neighborhood. It
involves sacrificing animals as well as an offering of rice wine or tapuy.
Spoken languages
Kankana-eyIbaloiKalanguyaBontocIlocanoPangasinanTagalogEnglish

Abra
is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its
capital is Bangued, and is bordered by Ilocos Norte on the northwest, Apayao on the northeast,
Kalinga on the mid-east, Mountain Province on the southeast, and Ilocos Sur on the southwest.
Economy
As of 1990, there were 743 cottage industries in Abra, of which 208 are registered with the
Department of Trade and Industry. 59% are engaged in bamboo and rattan craft making, both
leading industries in the area.
Abra's economy is agriculture-based. Its major crops are rice, corn, and vegetables, root crops;
commercial products include coffee, tobacco, and coconut. Extensive grassland and pasture areas
are used for livestock production.
Culture
Abel Fabrics Abra is home to the loom-weaving community that creates the beautifully complex
Abel fabrics. The unique traditional fabrics may be made using an age-old craft, but their designs
remain relevant and increasingly in demand in today’s fashion industry.
Iloko Tinguian Festival
Just like every other fun province, Abra has its own unique festival! The festival, held during the
first week of March, aims to celebrate the diverse culture of Abra, with primary focus on its own
indigenous people, the Tingguians, and how they bring so much richness to Abra's already-
diverse landscape.
TOURIST SPOTS
Don Mariano Marcos Bridge
Don Mariano Marcos Bridge, located along the Abra Kalinga National Road, is the third longest
bridge in the country, with a total length of 886.812 linear meters.
Abra River
Abra River is one of the largest river systems in the Philippines, and the huts along the river
make for great picnic spots, and it’s one of Abra’s popular summer destinations in the absence of
its own beach.
Spoken languages
IlocanoTinguianIsnegTagalogEnglish
Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name
is usually shortened by locals to Mt. Province. The province was named so for being in
the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island.
Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current
Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in
1908, and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao.
Economy
Agricultural Resources (19,360 HAS.) High Value Crops - American Tomatoes -
Potatoes - Cabbage/Wombok - Carrots - Baguio Beans - Brocolli - Peas - Sayote - etc.
Commercial Crops ( Legumes – White, Red, Black, Brown & Mongo)
Tropical Fruits ( Citrus – Ponkan, Sweet Oranges, Clementine, Navel, Lado, etc.)
RICE CORN
Tourism
Mountain province is an Eco-Tourism center next to Baguio City. Being located at the
center of the Cordillera, it is being considered as the sub- regional center for the
Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) in the Next Millennium.
1. HOT SPRINGS Mainit Hotspring
2. Caves and Hanging Coffins Hanging Coffin, Sagada Balangagan Cave, Sagada
3. Lakes and Waterfalls Fowa-as Falls, Sadanga Lake Danum, Sagada
4. Bomod-ok Falls, Sagada
5. Rice Terraces
6. Bontoc Museum
7. ATOs
8. Mountains and Plateaus Mount Amuyao
Culture
The lang-ay festival which is celebrated every foundation day April 7 show cased the
diversified culture and traditions of the people of Mountain Province. It also enhanced
and contributed in the promotion of tourism in Mountain Province.
Spoken languages Bontoc Kankana-ey Ilocano Tagalog English
Apayao is devoted to agricultural production, particularly food and industrial crops
Economy
Apayao is devoted to agricultural production, particularly food and industrial crops such
as palay,[23] corn,[24] coffee, root crops and vegetables. Fruits produced
include lanzones, citrus, bananas and pineapples, durian, santol, rambutan, coconut and mangost
een.[25] Rice production totaled 98,489 metric tons in 2011.[23]
Economic activity is also based on livestock and poultry breeding such as swine, carabao, cattle,
goat and sheep. Other additional investment includes manufacturing, food processing, furniture,
crafts and house wares making.[26]
Updated records of the Department of Trade and Industry Provincial Office reveal that existing
industries in the province are furniture, garment craft, food processing, gifts and house wares,
and agricultural support.
Culture
The lapat is a religious-cultural tradition of the Isnag people that sets aside forest land into a
nature preserve in honor of a deceased landowner.

Under the lapat, anyone caught gathering or killing wild animals will be fined as much as
P50,000 and must perform free community service for three months.
Isneg, or Isnag, kinship is bilateral, meaning children are equally related to both the
mother and the father. Households consist of interrelated families living close to each
other, and extended families of three generations living together in their balay.
The family is the key element in society, the larger the better, headed by the husband.
No other society structure exists, though brave men, mengals, lead in hunting and fishing.
The bravest, Kamenglan, is the overall leader. A young man entered their ranks after the
first headhunting expedition.
A mengal carries a red kerchief on the head and has tattoos on his arms and shoulders. They are
animistic and practice polygamy.[2]
Ilocano Isnag (Ymandaya Imallod Dibagat-kabugao) Tagalog English
Spoken languages

Ifugao
is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its
capital is Lagawe and it borders Benguet to the west, Mountain Province to the north, Isabela to
the east, and Nueva Vizcaya to the south.
ECONOMY
Rice is of utmost importance to the Ifugao. It s thought their name comes form ipugo, meaning
“rice eaters.” Bulo is the Ifugao rice god and a symbol of wealth. Many Ifugao use to keep a
wooden image of the god in their houses to insure prosperity. Unfortunately many families have
sold them to tourists.
The Ifugao used to have festivals for the planting, growing and harvesting of rice. They have
traditionally grown tinawon rice, which many say has a delightful aromatic taste that most Ifugao
love. In recent years some have stop growing it in favor of more high yield varieties,
About 40 percent of the Ifugao diet comes from agriculture, most of it wetland rice. Ten percent
is from fish, clams and snails living in the rice fields. They also grow taro, cotton, beans
radishes, cabbage and peaches in the rice fields and use slash and burn agriculture to produce
sweet potatoes and corn elsewhere.
Ifugao men hunt rodents, small mammals and wild pigs with spears, which come in three
varieties: one which is used as a hunting stick, another with a magically-shaped iron tip reserved
for big game, and yet another used for ceremonial dances, which never leaves the village.
Hunters carry provisions of rice and sweet potato in backpacks fashioned from wild pig hide.**
Tourist SPOTS
1. Tappiyah Falls (Banaue), Ifugao

Batad Amphitheater Terraces (Banaue)

Mt. Napulawan (Hungduan), Ifugao

Bogyah Hot Spring (Hungduan)

Culture
These terraces are believed to have been hand-carved into the mountains 2,000 years ago to plant
rice. However, recent research by carbon dating suggests that they were built much later.[3] In
1995, the Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras were declared as a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.[4] In 2008 and 2015, the Hudhud chants of the Ifugao and the Punnuk (Tugging
rituals and games)were inscribed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
Kalinga
There are many sub-tribes in the province. The strong sense of tribal membership and filial
loyalty results in frequent tribal unrest and occasional outright war. Due to the mountainous
terrain and warrior-culture of the people, the Kalinga were able to preserve their culture despite
centuries of occupation in the lowlands by the Spaniards, Americans, and the Japanese.
ECONOMY
The Kalinga people are highlanders and the most extensive rice farmers of the Cordillera
peoples, having been blessed with some of the most suitable land for both wet and dry rice
farming. Like the Ifugao, the Kalinga are prolific terrace builders. The Kalinga are also skilled
craftsmen, well-versed in basketry, loom weaving, metalsmithing, and pottery, the last centred in
the lower Chico River Valley.
CULTURE
In February 22, 2019, the Department of Tourism announced the bid of Digdiga Ni Tupayya, a
Kalinga courtship dance, to be included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.[12][13]

Whang-od - a Kalinga master tattooist (mambabatok) and recipient of the prestigious Dangal ng
Haraya Award
Kalinga originated from the Gaddang and Ibanag languages meaning, “headhunter”. In the days
gone by, headhunting was once regarded a noble “pursuit” and symbolized bravery. Theirs was a
warrior society that accorded tatoos as status symbols awarded to warriors which men respected
and women admired. Thus, warriors, mingol, enjoyed a higher status in Kalinga society. The
bodong, a peace-pact in Kalinga culture was an indigenous socio-political system that defined
inter-tribal relationships. It was developed to minimize traditional warfare and headhunting, as
well as, served as an institutional 'renewal'; maintenance, and reinforcement of social ties. Later,
bodong was expanded into a multi-lateral peace-pact intended to strengthen unity in the
Cordilleras.
Dance was an integral element of Kalinga Lubuagan culture. In keeping with its warrior heritage,
Takiling, represented a homecoming of successful kayaw or head-taking, done to avenge the death
or evil done to a family member or relative. Mingols were honored by their female relatives with
gift of lawi feather, bongon (beads), and colorful ba-ag (g-strings). Victory songs were sung by
villagers and the mingols danced with closed fists while the unsuccessful mingols were demoted
to playing the gangsas, gongs. Ngilin was a marriage dance performed during rituals and
celebrations, such as the budong; the choreography simulated the courting interactions between a
rooster and hen. The most popular was the Tadjok which was performed by the tribe to
commemorate grand feats, rituals, and social gatherings. The men showcased strength and virility,
where as the the women conveyed grace and sensuality, as they mimicked high-flying birds.
LANGUAGE SPOKEN
Ethnologue reports the following locations for each of the 8 Kalinga languages. Banao Itneg is
classified by Ethnologue as Kalinga rather than Itneg.

 Butbut Kalinga: spoken in Kalinga Province: Tinglayan and Butbut; Buscalan, Bugnay,
Loccong, and Ngibat; Tabuk City, Lucnang, Pakak, Kataw, and Dinongsay. Also in Rizal
Province: Annunang, Malapiat, Andarayan, and Bua. 15,000 speakers.
 Limos Kalinga (Limos-Liwan Kalinga, Northern Kalinga): spoken in Kalinga
Province (Tabuk City, north to border) and Connermunicipality, Apayao Province. 12,700
speakers.
 Lubuagan Kalinga: spoken in Kalinga Province (Lubuagan and Tabuk City). 30,000
speakers. Dialects are Guinaang, Balbalasang, Ableg-Salegseg, and Balatok-Kalinga
(Balatok-Itneg).
 Mabaka Valley Kalinga (Kal-Uwan, Mabaka, Mabaka Itneg): spoken
in Conner municipality, Apayao Province, as well as western Abra Province and
northern Kalinga Province.
 Majukayang Kalinga (Madukayang): spoken in Tabuk City, Kalinga Province and
in Paracelis municipality, Mountain Province. 1,500 speakers as of 1990.
 Southern Kalinga: spoken in Kalinga Province (Lubuagan municipality; some also
in Tabuk City) and Mountain Province (13 villages of Sadanga and Sagada municipalities).
11,000 speakers. Dialects are Mallango, Sumadel, Bangad, and Tinglayan.

Learning Task 6 – Application

The teacher will group the class into three
Group 1 – Make a commercial that promotes the C.A.R
Group 2 – Make a song about the beauty of C.A.R
Group 3 – Broadcasting about the cultures and products of C.A.R
The students will be graded according to the Rubrics:
Content - 4
Presentation- 3
Cooperation- 3
For a total of 10 points

I. Evaluation
II.ENUMERATION.
1. The six Provinces of C.A.R
2. Give atleast 1 culture, tourist spot and product from that province