Alpha

Angles are the main focus in trigonometry, and you can work with them even if you don't know their
measure.

Amplitude

describes the distance from the middle of a periodic function to its local maximum.

angle of depression

the angle formed by the line of sight and the horizontal plane for an object below the horizontal.

angle of elevation

the angle formed by the line of sight and the horizontal plane for an object above the horizontal.

anticlockwise

Moving in the opposite direction to the hands on a clock. Also called Counterclockwise (US English).
Arccos

function is the inverse of the cosine function. It returns the angle whose cosine is a given number.

Arccsc

(x) represents the inverse of the cosecant function. The angle returned by this function is measured in
radians, not in degrees.

ArcCot

is the inverse cotangent function. For a real number , ArcCot[x] represents the radian angle measure
(excluding 0) such that .

arcsin

function is the inverse of the sine function. It returns the angle whose sine is a given number

Arctan

The arctangent of x is defined as the inverse tangent function of x when x is real (x∈ℝ).

Area of a circle

In geometry, the area enclosed by a circle of radius r is π r2.

Area of a equilateral triangle

In geometry, an equilateral triangle is a triangle in which all three sides are equal.
Area of a Kite

The number of square units it takes to exactly fill a kite.

Parallelogram

is a 4-sided shape formed by two pairs of parallel lines.

polygon

is regular when all angles are equal and all sides are equal (otherwise it is "irregular").

Area of a Rhombus

or Perimeter of a Rhombus) A Rhombus is a flat shape with 4 equal straight sides.

Area of a sector of a circle

sector or circle sector (symbol: ⌔), is the portion of a disk enclosed by two radii and an arc, where the
smaller area is known as the minor sector and the larger being the major sector.

Area a Segment of a Circle

The region between a chord of a circle and its associated arc.

Area of a triangle

triangle is a three-sided polygon. We will look at several types of triangles in this lesson.

arms of an angle

the two lines that meet to make an angle. • the point where the arms meet is called the vertex.

Asymptote

is a value that you get closer and closer to, but never quite reach.

Bearing

of a point is the number of degrees in the angle measured in a clockwise direction from the north line to
the line joining the centre of the compass with the point.

Beta

function, also called the Euler integral of the first kind, is a special function defined by. for Re x > 0, Re
y > 0.

Central angle

is the angle that forms when two radii meet at the center of a circle.

Circle identities

identity is an equality that holds true regardless of the values chosen for its variables.
Circle trig definition

mathematics, a unit circle is a circle with unit radius.

Circular functions

are part of the set of trigonometric functions.

Clockwise

Moving in the direction of the hands on a clock.

Cofunction identities

show the relationship between sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant and cosecant. The value of a
trigonometric function of an angle equals the value of the cofunction of the complement. Recall
from geometry that a complement is defined as two angles whose sum is 90°.

Cosine

of an angle is: The length of the adjacent side divided by the length of the hypotenuse. The abbreviation
is cos. cos(θ) = adjacent / hypotenuse.

Cos of 1

As you can see below, the inverse cos-1 (1) is 0° or, in radian measure, 0 . '1' represents the maximum
value of the cosine function.

Cosecant

The length of the hypotenuse divided by the length of the side opposite the angle.

Cosecant

of an angle is the length of the hypotenuse divided by the length of the opposite side.

Cot

cot(θ) = adjacent / opposite. It is not commonly used, and is equal to 1/tangent.

Cotangent

of an angle is: The length of the adjacent side divided by the length of the side opposite the angle.

Coterminal

Two angles are coterminal if they are drawn in the standard position and both have their terminal sides
in the same location.

Counterclockwise

Moving in the opposite direction to the hands on a clock. Also called Anticlockwise (British English).
Cosecant Trigonometry function

In a right triangle, the cosecant of an angle is the length of the hypotenuse divided by the length of the
opposite side.

ctg

trigonometric cotangent function.

Angle measure

can be defined as the measure of the angle formed by the two rays or arms at a common vertex.

Difference identities

identities which show how to find the sine, cosine, or tangent of the sum or difference of two given
angles.

Double angle

formula tells us that cos(2θ) is always equal to cos²θ-sin²θ.

Double Number Identities

Trig identities that show how to find the sine, cosine, or tangent of twice a given angle.

Exact values of trig functions

the sine is a trigonometric function of an angle. The sine of an acute angle is defined in the context of
a right triangle: for the specified angle, it is the ratio of the length of the side that is opposite that angle
to the length of the longest side of the triangle (the hypotenuse).

Frequency of a Periodic Function

The number of periods (or fraction of a period) completed for each unit traveled from left to right.

Periodic motion

is any movement of an object that repeats itself over a given length of time.

Gamma

function (represented by , the capital letter gamma from the Greek alphabet) is one commonly used
extension of the factorial function to complex numbers.

Greek alphabet

A close runner-up for angles is phi (lower case: φ, upper case:Φ). Phi is also the symbol used for the
Golden Ratio (1.618... See Math of Beauty.) The first 3 letters of the Greek alphabet, α (alpha), β
(beta) and γ (gamma) are also used in trigonometry as variables for angles.
Half-angle

formulas allow the expression of trigonometric functions of angles equal to α/2 in terms of α, which can
simplify the functions and make it easier to perform more complex calculations, such as integration, on
them.

Half Number Identities

Trig identities that show how to find the sine, cosine, or tangent of half a given angle.

Heron's formula

is a formula that can be used to find the area of a triangle, when given its three side lengths.

Dentity equations

are equations that are true no matter what value is plugged in for the variable. If you simplify
an identity equation, you'll ALWAYS get a true statement.

Initial side angle

angle is in standard position in the coordinate plane if its vertex is located at the origin and one ray is on
the positive x-axis. The ray on the x-axis is called the initial side and the other ray is called the terminal
side.

Inverse cosecant

inverse (given a suitable domain and codomain) of the sine function. ... The cosecant is the reciprocal
of the sine; the arcsin of x is the angle whose sine is x.

Inverse of sine

is denoted as Arcsine or on a calculator it will appear as asin or sin-1.

Inverse cotangent

The inverse function of the cotangent; the angle that has a cotangent equal to a given number.

Inverse function

is a function that undoes the action of the another function.

Inverse secant

secant is the reciprocal of the cosine. It is the ratio of the hypotenuse to the side adjacent to a given
angle in a right triangle.

Inverse sine

is denoted as Arcsine or on a calculator it will appear as asin or sin-1.

Inverse tangent

It returns the angle whose tangent is a given number.

Inverse trigonometric

function is used to find the measure of an angle.

Inverse trigonometric functions

are used to determine the angle measure when at least two sides of a right triangle are known.

Inverse Trigonometric

Trigonometric functions are all periodic functions .

law of cosines

1 : a law in trigonometry: the square of a side of a plane triangle equals the sum of the squares of the
remaining sides minus twice the product of those sides and the cosine of the angle between them

Law of Sines

is the relationship between the sides and angles of non-right (oblique) triangles .

angle measure

can be defined as the measure of the angle formed by the two rays or arms at a common vertex.

Minute

A unit of angle measure equal to of a degree.

Model

usually describes a system by a set of variables and a set of equations that establish relationships
between the variables.

Odd/even function

odd function, and cosine is an even function. You may not have come across these adjectives “odd”
and “even” when applied to functions, but it's important to know them.

Omega

The upper case letter omega (ωμέγα), the last letter of the modern Greek alphabet.

Period of a periodic function

is the interval of x-values on which the cycle of the graph that's repeated in both directions lies.

Period of a periodic Motion

Motion repeated in equal intervals of time is called Periodic Motion.

Periodicity identities

illustrate how shifting the graph of a trig function by one period to the left or right results in the same
function.

Phase Shift

is how far the function is shifted horizontally from the usual position.

Phi (Φ φ)

The Golden Ratio, the perfect number in mathematics, is the squareroot of 5 plus 1, divided 2.

Plus/Minus Identities

plus-minus sign (±) is a mathematical symbol with multiple meanings. In mathematics, it generally
indicates a choice of exactly two possible values, one of which is the negation of the other.

Product‐Sum and Sum‐Product Identities

These identities are valid for degree or radian measure whenever both sides of the identity are defined.

psi (ψ ψ)

The wave function's symbol is the Greek letter psi, Ψ or ψ.

Pythagorean identity

tells us that no matter what the value of θ is, sin²θ+cos²θ is equal to 1.

Quadrantal Angle

is an angle in standard position with terminal side on the x-axis or y-axis.

Radian

is a unit of measure for angles used mainly in trigonometry.

ratio identities

create ways to write tangent and cotangent by using the other two basic functions, sine and
cosine.

Reciprocal Identities

The reciprocal means flipping the numbers.

Reference angle

is the positive acute angle that can represent an angle of any measure.

RPM
"Revolutions per minute", usually abbreviated as "rpm", is a measure of turning per time unit, but the
time unit is always one minute.

Sec

is the short version of the trigonometry SECANT() function.

Secant trig function

In a right triangle, the secant of an angle is the length of the hypotenuse divided by the length of the
adjacent side.

Secant line

A line that intersects two or more points on a curve.

Second

is approximately the time of one heartbeat when you are resting.

Sector/circle sector

(symbol: ⌔), is the portion of a disk enclosed by two radii and an arc, where the smaller area is known
as the minor sector and the larger being the major sector.

Side angle

Angle - Initial Side - Terminal Side. An angle is in standard position in the coordinate plane if its vertex
is located at the origin and one ray is on the positive x-axis.

Simple Harmonic Motion

harmonic motion of constant amplitude in which the acceleration is proportional and oppositely
directed to the displacement of the body from a position of equilibrium : the projection on any diameter
of a point in uniform motion around a circle.

Sin

a right angled triangle, the sine of an angle is: The length of the side opposite the angle divided by the
length of the hypotenuse.

\ sin-1

is called asin or arcsin. Likewise cos-1 is called acos or arccos. And tan-1 is called atan or arctan.

Sine

is a trigonometric function of an angle.

Sinusoid
is a mathematical curve that describes a smooth periodic oscillation.

SOHCAHTOA

A way of remembering how to compute the sine, cosine, and tangent of an angle.

Special Angles

Certain angle pairs are given special names based on their relative position to one another or based on
the sum of their respective measures.

Spherical trigonometry

is the branch of spherical geometry that deals with the relationships between trigonometric functions
of the sides and angles of the spherical polygons (especially spherical triangles) defined by a number
of intersecting great circles on the sphere.

Standard Position

of an Angle - Initial Side - Terminal Side.

Sum/Difference Identities

Trig identities which show how to find the sine, cosine, or tangent of the sum or difference of two
given angles.

Sum to Product Identities

The sum-to-product trigonometric identities are similar to the product-to-

sum trigonometric identities.

Tan

is the ratio of the length of the side adjacent to the angle to the length of the hypotenuse.

tan-1

Tangent of angle θ is: tan(θ) = Opposite / Adjacent.

Tangent (Trig Function)

trigonometric function. n. A function of an angle expressed as the ratio of two of the sides of a right
triangle that contains that angle; the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, or cosecant.

Terminal side of an angle

In this position, the vertex (B) of the angle is on the origin, with a fixed side lying at 3 o'clock along the
positive x axis.
Theta (θ)

is a letter from the Greek alphabet.

Triangulation

is the process of determining the location of a point by forming triangles to it from known points.

Trigonometry

is primarily a branch of mathematics that deals with triangles, mostly right triangles.

Trigonometric function

A function of an angle expressed as the ratio of two of the sides of a right triangle that contains that
angle; the sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, or cosecant.

Trigonometric identities

are equalities that involve trigonometric functions and are true for every value of the occurring
variables where both sides of the equality are defined.

Trigonometric ratios of special angles

In trigonometry, 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° are called as special angles and they always lie in the first
quadrant.

Trigonometry

(from Greek trigōnon, "triangle" and metron, "measure") is a branch of mathematics that studies
relationships between side lengths and angles of triangles.

Unit circle

is a circle with unit radius. Frequently, especially in trigonometry, the unit circle is the circle of radius
one centered at the origin (0, 0) in the Cartesian coordinate system in the Euclidean plane.

Wavelength

is the distance between two identical adjacent points in a wave.