HYDRAULIC ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

This research attentions on calculation of hydraulic loss coefficients and backwater

effects for flows through bridge openings. Laboratory experiments were carried out in the
hydraulic laboratory of school of engineering at Cardiff University, UK using a
recirculating glass-walled flume of 10 m length and 30 cm width. Uniform flow
conditions were investigated using fixed bed slope of 1/2000. Two bridge constrictions
were chosen as sidewall abutments (lateral constriction) and submerged rectangular
bridge. Three types of flows were examined such as free flow, orifice flow and weir flow.
The study has provided detailed results of hydraulic loss coefficient for varying
contraction ratio B/W of bridge openings.

Keywords: Loss coefficient; bridge opening; open channel flow.