RBI PHASE 1 RECAP

4th JULY ‘18

REASONING – DATA SUFFICIENCY

 DATA SUFFICIENCY

MEANING OF DATA SUFFICIENCY:

A data sufficiency problem primarily consists of a mathematical or logical problem followed by

two or three statements containing information relating to it. The student need to decide
whether the problem can be solved by using the information from the given statement/s
either individually or combined.
Questions on data sufficiency can come from any of the areas like mathematical aptitude,
logical reasoning or any other quantitative area.
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STEPS IN SOLVING DATA SUFFICIENCY QURESTIONS:

*Read the given problem. Don’t assume anything except universal facts.
*take the first statement and combine it with main statement. Try to find the answer.
*if you are unable to find the answer, take the second statement and combine it with the main
statement and try to find the answer.
*If you are unable to find the answer by using second statement then add both statements
with main statement and try to find the answer.
*If even now you can’t find the answer, simply tick that both statements are insufficient.
* ‘NO’ is also an answer for data sufficiency questions if the question is asked in the form of
yes or no.
*since you get the answer from the single statement then also consider the other statements.
*Do not actually solve the problem if not needed.
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I.1) Direction for the question: Each question given below is followed by two statements (I)
and (II).
Mark your answer as:
[a] if the question can be answered by using one of the statements alone but cannot be
answered by using the other statement alone.
[b] if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
[c] if the question can be answered by using both statements together but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
[d] if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.

Q.1) What is the perimeter of the rectangle with area 50 cm2?

(I) the ratio of the length to the width is 2:1.
(II) the sum of the interior angles of the rectangle is 360° (degree)
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Solution (a)
Let the length and the width (in cm) of the rectangle be L and B respectively.
Given: area = L x B = 50 cm2

Using statement (I): L = 2B

2B x B = 50cm2 or B= 5
So, L = 10
Thus, the perimeter of the rectangle = 2(L+B)
=2(10+5) = 30 cm
So, with the (I) statement we can find the answer.

Using statement (II):

It does not give any information about the sides of the rectangle so, we cannot find the
perimeter.
Hence, only statement (I) alone is sufficient to answer the question.
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I.2) Direction for the question: Each question given below is followed by two statements (I)
and (II).
Mark your answer as:
[a] if the question can be answered by using one of the statements alone but cannot be
answered by using the other statement alone.
[b] if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
[c] if the question can be answered by using both statements together but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
[d] if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.

Q.2) Is 30 the average of a, b and c? (a, b and c are real numbers)

(I) a + b = 66
(II) c – b = a – c
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Solution (c)
Using statement (I):
A + b = 66, but no information about c is given. So, we cannot calculate the average of a, b and
c.

Using statement (II):

C = a + b /2 which is not sufficient in calculating the required average.
But if we combine the information of both the statements, we get :
A + b = 66 and c=a + b /2
C= 33
Average = a +b + c /2
So, avg.= 66+33 /3 = 33
Thus, we can say that average is not equal to 30.
Hence, by combining the both statements (I) and (II) together. We can answer the question.
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I.3) Direction for the question: Each question given below is followed by two statements (I)
and (II).
Mark your answer as:
[a] if the question can be answered by using one of the statements alone but cannot be
answered by using the other statement alone.
[b] if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
[c] if the question can be answered by using both statements together but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
[d] if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.

Q.3) What is the value of ‘a’ if ‘a’ is an integer?

(I) a4 = 1
(II) a3 + 1= 0
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Solution (a)
Using statement (I):
a4 = 1
a= + 1 or -1
this statement alone is not sufficient, as it does not give a unique answer.

Using statement (II):

a3 + 1 =0
a = -1
this statement alone is sufficient, as it gives the unique value of a i.e.,-1
hence, only statement (II) alone is sufficient to answer the question.
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I.4) Direction for the question: Each question given below is followed by two statements (I)
and (II).
Mark your answer as:
[a] if the question can be answered by using one of the statements alone but cannot be
answered by using the other statement alone.
[b] if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
[c] if the question can be answered by using both statements together but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
[d] if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.

Q.4) Is X > Y?
(I) X/Y = 5/4
(II) X2 < Y2
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Solution (d)
Using statement (I):
X/Y = 5/4
X, Y = 5K, 4K
If K is positive (+), then X>Y, but if K is negative (-) , then Y>X. so, we get different answers.
Using statement (II):
This alone is also not sufficient to answer the question as we are not sure whether X is positive
or negative.
Even if we combine the information of the two statements we can nit find the relationship
between X and Y.
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I.5) Direction for the question: Each question given below is followed by two statements (I)
and (II).
Mark your answer as:
[a] if the question can be answered by using one of the statements alone but cannot be
answered by using the other statement alone.
[b] if the question can be answered by using either statement alone.
[c] if the question can be answered by using both statements together but cannot be answered
by using either statement alone.
[d] if the question cannot be answered even by using both the statements together.

Q.5) If X and Y are two integers what is the value of Y?

(I) X x Y = 27
(II) X = Y2
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Solution (c)
Using statement (I):
X x Y = 27
(X, Y) = (27, 1)
Or (9, 3) or vice versa, so we don’t get a unique answer.
Using statements (II):
(X, Y) = (1, 1), (1, -1), (4, 2), (4, -2), (9, 3), (9, -3) and so on.
But if we combine the information from both the statements I and II, we have only one
possibility i.e., X =9 and Y =3.
Hence, by combining both the statements (I) and (II) together, we can answer the question.
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I.6) DIRECTION:
The question given below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You
have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question:

Q.6) How is Raju related to Manohar?

(I) Pramila is the mother in law of Rashmi, the wife of Raju.
(II) Pramila’s brother is Raju’s maternal uncle.
(III) Pramila’s husband is the only son of Manohar.

[a] only I and II

[b] only I and III
[c] only I and either II or III
[d] any two of three
[e] question cannot be answered
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Solution (b)
Statement I and statement II both lack information about Manohar. Hence reject the option
[a], [b] and [c].
Now check for the possibility of the option [b].
Using, statement I and III, we get
Raju is the son of Pramila and Manohar is the father in law of Pramila. so, Raju is the grandson
of Manohar.
We can get the answer by using I and III statements.
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I.7) DIRECTION:
The question given below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You
have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question:

Q.7) What is the code for ‘rope’ in a code language?

(I) ‘use the rope’ is written as ‘nik ta re’ in the code language.
(II) ‘rope is straight’ is written as ‘pe da ta’.
(III) ‘always use rope’ is written as ‘ma re ta’.

[a] only I and II

[b] only I and III
[c] only II and III
[d] only II and either I or III
[e] question cannot be answered
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Solution (d)
From statement I: use the rope--------- nik ta re
From statement II: rope is straight------pe da ta
From statement III: always use rope ----ma re ta

From I and II: we get that the only word which is common in I and II is ‘rope’ and only code
which is common in I and II is ‘ta’. Hence, the code for ‘rope’ is ‘ta’.
From II and III: we get that the code for ‘rope’ is ‘ta’.
But from I and III we cannot get the specific code of ‘rope’ among ‘ta’ and ‘re’.
Hence, only II and either I or III are sufficient.
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I.8) DIRECTION:
The question given below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You
have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question:

Q.8) What is Sunita’s rank from top in a class of 45 students?

(I) Sunita is five ranks below Samir, who is 15th from the bottom.
(II) Radha is 30th from the top and Neeta is 4th from the bottom.
(III) Sunita is exactly in the middle of Radha and Neeta.

[a] only I
[b] only II and III
[c] either only I or only II and III
[d] only I and either II or III
[e] none of these
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Solution (c)
From I: we get Sunita’s rank is (15 – 5)= 10th from the bottom, i.e., (45-10+1)= 36th from the
top.
From II and III: we get
Radha’s rank from top = 30th
Neeta’s rank from top = 45-4+1 = 42nd
Now, Sunita’s rank = 30+42/2
36th from top.
Hence, the question can be answered by using either only I or only II and III.
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I.9) DIRECTION:
The question given below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You
have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question:

Q.9) Among P, T, J, F and L who scored the highest?

(I) P scored less than J and F.
(II) T scored more than F but less than L.
(III) J has not scored the highest.

[a] only I and II

[b] only I and III
[c] only II and either I or III
[d] only I and either II or III
[e] all I, II and III
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Solution(e)
From I : we get
L>Y>F>P
J>P
From I, II and III: we get
L>T>f>P
L>J>P
Hence, L scored the highest.
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I.10) DIRECTION:
The question given below consists of a question and three statements given below it. You
have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the
question:

Q.10) How many daughters does W have?

(I) B and D are the sisters of M.
(II) M’s father T is the husband of W.
(III) out of three children which T has, only one is a boy.

[a] only I and III are sufficient.

[b] all I, II and III are required.
[c] only II and III are sufficient.
[d] question cannot be answered.
[e] only I and II are sufficient.
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Solution (c)
From the statement II and III:
We get that W and T are husband wife and they have three children. Out of them one is a boy.
It is clear that they have two daughters.