Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Exercise 2.1

Question 1:
 1
Find the principal value of sin 1   
 2
Solution 1:
 1  1    
Let sin 1     y, Then sin y       sin    sin    .
 2  2 6  6
  
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin 1 is   , 
 2 2
  1
and sin     ,
 6 2
 1 
Therefore, the principal value of sin 1    is  .
 2 6

Question 2:
 3
Find the principal value of cos 1  
 2 
Solution 2:
 3 3  
Let cos 1    y . Then cos y   cos  
 2  2 6
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos 1 is 0,  

  3
and cos    .
6 2
 3 
Therefore, the principal value of cos 1   is .
 2  6

Question 3:
Find the principal value of cosec1 (2)

Solution 3:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Let cosec1 (2)  y .

 
Then, cosec y = 2 = cosec   .
6
  
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cosec -1 is   ,   0 .
 2 2

Therefore, the principal value of cosec
-1
 2  is .
6

Question 4:
Find the principal value of tan 1  3  
Solution 4:

Let tan 1  3  y 
  
Then, tan y   3   tan  tan    .
3  3
 
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan 1 is   
 2 2
 
and tan    is  3.
 3

Therefore, known that the principal value of tan 1  3 is    3
.

Question 5:
 1
Find the principal value of cos 1   
 2

Solution 5:
 1
Let cos 1     y.
 2
1      2 
Then, cos y     cos    cos      cos  .
2 3  3  3 
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos 1 is 0,  
 2  1
and cos   .
 3  2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 1   2 
Therefore, the principal value of cos 1    is  .
 2  3 

Question 6:
Find the principal value of tan 1  1

Solution 6:
Let tan 1  1 = y.
   
Then, tan y  1   tan    tan    .
4  4
  
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan 1 is   , 
 2 2
 
and tan     1.
 4

Therefore, the principal value of tan 1  1 is  .
4

Question 7:
 2 
Find the principal value of sec 1  
 3

Solution 7:
 2  2  
Let sec 1    y . Then, sec y   sec   .
 3 3 6
 
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sec1 is  0,     
2
  2
and sec    .
6 3
 2  
Therefore, the principal value of sec 1   is .
 3 6

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Question 8:
Find the principal value of cot 1  3
Solution 8:

Let cot 1  3   y . Then cot y   

3  cot   .
6
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cot 1 is (0, )
 
and cot    3.
6

Therefore, the principal value of cot 1  3  is 6 .

Question 9:
 1 
Find the principal value of cos 1   
 2

Solution 9:
 1 
Let cos 1    y .
 2
1      3 
Then cos y     cos    cos      cos  .
2 4  4  4 
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cos 1 is [0, ]
 3  1
and cos     .
 4  2
 1  3
Therefore, the principal value of cos 1    is 4 .
 2

Question 10:
Find the principal value of cosec-1  2  
Solution 10:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

  
4

Let cosec-1  2  y. Then, cos ec y   2   cos ec    cos ec    .
 4
We know that the range of the principal value branch of cosec-1 is
    
  2 , 2   {0} and cosec   4    2 .

Therefore, the principal value of cosec-1  2 is   4
.

Question 11:
 1  1
Find the value of tan 1 1  cos 1     sin 1   
 2  2

Solution 11:
Let tan 1 1  x.
 
Then, tan x =1= tan   .
4

 tan 1 1 
4
 1
Let cos 1     y.
 2
1      2 
Then, cos y     cos    cos      cos  .
2 3  3  3 
 1  2
 cos-1    
 2 3
 1
Let sin 1     z.
 2
1    
Then, sin z     sin    sin    .
2 6  6
 1 
 sin 1     
 2 6
 1  1
 tan 1 1  cos 1     sin 1   
 2  2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 2 
  
4 3 6

3  8  2 9 3
  
12 12 4

Question 12:
1 1
Find the value of cos 1    2sin 1  
2 2

Solution 12:
1
Let cos 1    x.
2
1  
Then, cos x   cos   .
2 3
1 
 cos 1   
2 3
1
Let sin 1    y.
2
1  
Then, sin y   sin   .
2 6
1 
 sin 1   
2 6

1 1     2
 cos 1    2sin 1     2    
2 2 3 6 3 3 3

Question 13:
If sin 1 x  y, then
 
(A) 0  y   (B)   y
2 2
 
(C) 0  y   (D)   y
2 2

Solution 13:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

It is given that sin 1 x  y .

  
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin 1 is   ,  .
 2 2
 
Therefore,   y .
2 2

Answer choice (B) is correct.

Question 14:

tan 1 3  sec1  2 is equal to

(A)  (B)  / 3
(C)  / 3 (D) 2 / 3

Solution 14:
Let tan 1 3  x. .

Then, tan x  3  tan
3
   
We know that the range of the principal value branch of tan 1 is  , .
 2 2

 tan 1 3 
3
Let sec  2  y.
1

    2
Then, sec y  2   sec    sec      sec .
3  3 3
 
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sec1 is  0,     .
2
2
 sec 1  2  
3
Thus,
tan 1  3   sec 1
 2 
 2 
  
3 3 3

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Exercise 2.2

Question 1:
 1 1
Prove 3sin 1 x  sin 1  3 x  4 x3  , x    , 
 2 2
Solution 1:
 1 1
To Prove 3sin 1 x  sin 1  3x  4 x3  , where x    , 
 2 2
Let x  sin  . Then,sin 1 x   .
We have,

R.H.S
sin 1  3x  4 x3   sin 1  3sin   4sin 3  
 sin 1  sin 3 
 3
 3sin 1 x  L.H .S

Question 2:
1 
Prove 3cos 1 x  cos 1  4 x3  3x  , x   ,1
2 

Solution 2:
1 
To Prove 3cos 1 x  cos 1  4 x3  3x  , x   ,1
2 
Let x  cos . Then, cos 1 x  
We have

R.H .S
cos 1  4 x3  3 x 

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 cos 1  4 cos3   3cos  

 cos 1  cos 3 
 3
 3cos 1 x  L.H .S

Question 3:
1  2  1  7  1  1 
Prove tan    tan    tan  
 11   24  2

Solution 3:
1 2 7 1
To prove: tan  tan 1  tan 1
11 24 2
L.H .S .
2 7
tan 1  tan 1
11 24

2 7
  1 1 x  y 
 tan 1 11 24 1
 tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
2 7   
1  . 
 11 24 

11 24
 tan 1
11 24  14
11 24

48  77
 tan 1
264  14

 125  1  1 
 tan 1    tan    R.H.S.
 250  2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Question 4:
1 1 1 31
Prove 2 tan  tan 1  tan 1
2 7 17

Solution 4:
1 1 1 31
To prove: 2 tan  tan 1  tan 1
2 7 17
1 1
L.H.S = 2tan -1  tan 1
2 7
1
2.
 tan 1 2  tan 1 1  2 tan 1 x  tan 1 2 x 
1
2
7  1  x 2 
1  
2
1 1
 tan 1  tan 1
3 7
 
4
4 1
 tan 1  tan 1
3 7
4 1

 x y 
 tan 1 3 7  tan 1 x  tan 1 y  tan 1
4 1
1 .  1  xy 
3 7
 28  3 
 
 tan 1  21 
21  4
 
 21 
31
 tan 1  R.H.S.
17

Question 5:
1 1  x2 1
Write the function in the simplest form: tan ,x 0
x

Solution 5:
1  x2 1
tan 1
x
Put x  tan     tan 1 x

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

1  x2  1 1  tan 2  
 tan 1  tan 1
x tan 
 sec   1  1  1  cos  
 tan 1    tan  
 tan    sin  
 2 
 2sin  2  
tan 1    
 2sin cos  

 2 2 

   1
 tan 1  tan    tan 1 x
 2 2 2

Question 6:
 1 
Write the function in the simplest form: tan 1  2  , x  1
 x 1 

Solution 6:
1
tan 1 2 , x  1
x 1

Put x  cosec    cos ec1 x

1
 tan 1
x2 1
1
 tan 1
cos ec 2  1
 1 
 tan 1  
 cot  
 tan 1  tan  

 cos ec 1 x
  
  sec1 x 1 1
 As, cos ec x  sec x  2 
2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Question 7:
 1  cos x 
Write the function in the simplest form: tan 1   , x  
 1  cos x 

Solution 7:
 1  cos x 
tan 1   , x  
 1  cos x 
 1  cos x 
tan 1  
 1  cos x 
 2 x

 2sin 
 tan 1  2 
 2 cos 2 x 
 2 
 
 x
 sin 
 tan 1  2
x
 cos 
 2
 x
 tan 1  tan 
 2
x

2

Question 8:
 cos x  sin x 
Write the function in the simplest form: tan 1  ,0  x  
 cos x  sin x 

Solution 8:
 cos x  sin x 
tan 1  
 cos x  sin x 
  sin x  
 1   cos x  
 tan  
1 
 1   sin x  
  cos x  
  

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 1  tan x 
 tan 1  
 1  tan x 
 1 x  y 1 
 tan 1 1  tan 1  tan x  1
 tan 1  xy  tan x  tan y 
 

= x
4

Question 9:
x
Write the function in the simplest form: tan 1 , x a
a  x2
2

Solution 9:
x
tan 1
a  x2
2

x  x
Let, x  a sin    sin   sin 1  
a a
x
 tan 1
a  x2
2

 a sin  
 tan 1  
 a  a sin  
2 2 2

 a sin  
 tan 1  
 a 1  sin  
2

 a sin  
 tan 1  
 a cos  
x
 tan 1  tan      sin 1
a

Question 10:
 3a 2 x  x3  a a
Write the function in the simplest form: tan 1  3 2 
, a  0; x
 a  3ax  3 3

Solution 10:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 3a 2 x  x3 
1
Consider, tan  3 2 
 a  3ax 
Let
x  x
x  a tan    tan     tan 1  
a a
 3a 2 x  x3 
tan 1  3 2 
 a  3ax 
 3a 2  a tan   a 3 tan 3  
1
 tan  
 a  3a  a tan  
3 2 2

 3a3 tan   a3 tan 3  

1
 tan  
 a  3a tan  
3 3 2

 tan 1  tan 3 
 3
x
 3 tan 1
a

Question 11:
  1 
Find the value of tan 1  2 cos  2sin 1  
  2 

Solution 11:
1
Let sin 1  x.
2
1  
Then,sin x   sin   .
2 6
1 
 sin 1 
2 6
  1 
 tan 1  2 cos  2sin 1  
  2 
   
 tan 1  2 cos  2   
  6 

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 
 tan 1  2 cos 
 3
 1
 tan 1  2  
 2

 tan 1 1 
4

Question 12:
Find the value of cot  tan 1 a  cot 1 a 

Solution 12:
cot  tan 1 a  cot 1 a 
   1 1 
 cot    tan x  cot x  2 
2
0

Question 13:
1  1 2 x 1 1  y 
2
Find the value of tan sin  cos , x  1, y  0 and xy  1
2 1  x2 1  y 2 

Solution 13:
Let x  tan  .
Then,  tan 1 x.
2x  2 tan  
 sin 1  sin 1  
1 x  1  tan  
2 2

 sin 1  sin 2 
 2
 2 tan 1 x
Let y  tan  . Then,   tan 1 y.

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 1 y2 
1
 cos  2 
 1 y 
 1  tan 2  
 cos 1  
 1  tan  
2

 cos 1  cos 2 
 2  2 tan 1 y
1  1  2 x  1  1  y 
2

 tan sin    cos  2 

 1 x   1  y 
2
2
 1 1 1 x  y 
1
 tan  2 tan 1 x  2 tan 1 y   As, tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
2  

  x  y 
 tan  tan 1  
  1  xy  
x y

1  xy

Question 14:
 1 
If sin  sin 1  cos 1 x   1 , then find the value of x.
 5 

Solution 14:
 1 
sin  sin 1  cos 1 x   1
 5 
 1  1
 sin  sin 1  cos  cos 1 x   cos  sin 1  sin  cos 1 x   1
 5  5
 sin  A  B   sin A  cos B  cos A  sin B 
1  1
  x  cos  sin 1  sin  cos 1 x   1
5  5
x  1
  cos  sin 1  sin  cos 1 x   1 ...(1)
5  5
1
Now, let sin 1 y
5
Then,

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

1
sin 1 y
5
1
sin y 
5
2
1 2 6
 cos y  1    
5 5
2 6
 y  cos 1  
 5 
1 2 6
 sin 1  cos 1   ...(2)
5  5 

Let cos1 x  z.
Then, cos z  x
 sin z  1  x 2
.
 z  sin 1  1  x2 
 cos 1 x  sin 1  1  x2  ...(3)

From (1), (2) and (3) we have:

x
5

 cos  cos 1

2 6
5 
1

  sin sin 1  x  1
2

x 2 6
   1  x2  1
5 5
 x  2 6 1  x2  5
 2 6 1  x2  5  x

On squaring both sides, we get:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 2 6  1  x   25  x
2
2 2
 10 x

  4  6  1  x 2   25  x 2  10 x
 24  24 x 2  25  x 2  10 x
 25 x 2  10 x  1  0
  5 x  1  0
2

  5 x  1  0
1
x
5
1
Hence, the value of x is .
5

Question 15:
1 x  1 x 1 
If tan  tan 1  , then find the value of x.
x2 x2 4

Solution 15:
x 1 x 1 
tan 1  tan 1 
x2 x2 4
 x 1 x 1 
    1 x  y 
x2   
1 1
 tan 
1 x  2  As, tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
 
1   x  1  x  1   4
  x  2  
 x  2  
  x  1 x  2    x  1 x  2   
 tan 1  
  x  2  x  2    x  1 ( x  1)  4
 x2  x  2  x2  x  2  
 tan 1  
 x 2  4  x 2  1  4
 2x2  4  
 tan 1  
 3  4
 4  2 x2  
 tan  tan 1   tan
 3  4
4  2 x2
 1
3

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 4  2 x2  3
 2 x2  4  3  1
1
x
2
1
Hence, the value of x is  .
2

Question 16:

 2 
Find the values of sin 1  sin 
 3 

Solution 16:

 2 
Consider, sin 1  sin 
 3 

We know that sin 1  sin x   x

  
If x    ,  , which is the principal value branch of sin 1 x. .
 2 2

2    
Here,  ,
3  2 2 

 2 
Now, sin 1  sin  can be written as:
 3 

 2 
sin 1  sin 
 3 
  2  
 sin 1 sin    
  3  
      
 sin 1  sin  , where   ,
 3 3  2 2 

 2  1   
 sin 1  sin   sin sin  
 3   3 3

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Question 17:
 3 
Find the values of tan 1  tan 
 4 

Solution 17:
 3 
Consider, tan 1  tan 
 4 
We know that tan 1  tan x   x
  
If x    ,  , which is the principal value branch of tan 1 x.
 2 2
3    
Here,    , .
4  2 2
 3 
Now, tan 1  tan  can be written as:
 4 
 3  1   3   1    
tan 1  tan   tan   tan     tan   tan     
 4    4    4 
          
tan 1   tan   tan 1  tan    where     , 
 4   4  4  2 2
 3  1      
 tan 1  tan   tan  tan   
 4    4  4

Question 18:
 3 3
Find the values of tan  sin 1  cot 1 
 5 2

Solution 18:
1 3
Let sin  x.
5
Then ,
3
sin x 
5
4
 cos x  1  sin 2 x 
5
5
 sec x 
4

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

25 3
 tan x  sec2 x  1  1 
16 4
3
 x  tan 1
4
3 3
 sin 1  tan 1 ...(i)
5 4
1 3 2  1 1 1 
Now, cot  tan 1 ...(ii)  , tan x  cot x 
2 3
 3 3
Therefore, tan  sin 1  cot 1 
 5 2
 3 2
 tan  tan 1  tan 1  [Using (i) and (ii)]
 4 3
  3 2 
 1  4  3    1 x  y 
 tan  tan  1 1
 As, tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
 3 2   
 1   
  4 3  
 98 
 tan  tan 1 
 12  6 
 17  17
 tan  tan 1  
 6 6

Question 19:
 7 
Find the values of cos 1  cos  is equal to
 6 

7 5
( A) ( B)
6 6
 
(C ) ( D)
3 6

Solution 19:
We know that cos1  cos x   x if x 0,   , which is the principal value branch of cos1 x .
7
Here,   0,   .
6

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 7 
Now, cos 1  cos  can be written as :
 6 
 7  1  7  1   7  
cos 1  cos   cos  cos   cos cos  2    cos  2  x   cos x 
 6   6    6  
 7  1  5  5
 cos1  cos   cos  cos 
 6   6  6

The correct answer is B.

Question 20:
  1 
Find the values of sin   sin 1     is equal to
3  2 
1 1
(A) (B)
2 3
1 (D) 1
(C)
4

Solution 20:
 1 
Let sin 1    x .
 2 
1    
Then , sin x    sin  sin  .
2 6  6 
   
We know that the range of the principal value branch of sin 1 is  , .
 2 2 
 1  
sin 1   
 2  6
  1       3   
 sin   sin 1     sin     sin    sin    1
3  2  3 6  6  2
The correct answer is D.

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Miscellaneous Exercise

Question 1:
 13 
Find the value of cos 1  cos 
 6 
Solution 1:
We Know that cos1  cos x   x if x 0,   , which is the principal value branch of cos1 x .
13
Here,   0,   .
6
 13 
Now, cos 1  cos  can be written as :
 6 
 13 
cos 1  cos 
 6 
   
 cos 1 cos  2   
  6 
    
 cos 1 cos    where   0,   .
  6  6

 13  1     
 cos 1  cos   cos cos    
 6    6  6

Question 2:
 7 
Find the value of tan 1  tan 
 6 

Solution 2:
  
We know that tan 1  tan x   x if x    ,  , which is the principal value branch of tan 1 x.
 2 2
7    
Here,    , .
6  2 2
 7 
Now, tan 1  tan  can be written as:
 6 

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 7 
tan 1  tan 
 6 
 tan  2  x    tan x 
  5 
 tan  tan  2 
1

  6 
  5  
 tan 1   tan    tan  2  x    tan x 
  6 
  5 
 tan 1  tan    
  6 
       
 tan 1  tan    , where    , 
  6  6  2 2
 7  1   
 tan 1  tan   tan  tan  
 6   6 6

Question 3:
1 3 24
Prove 2sin  tan 1
5 7

Solution 3:
1 3 3
Let sin  x. Then sin x  .
5 5
2
3 4
 cos x  1    
5 5
3
 tan x 
4
3 3 3
 x  tan 1  sin 1  tan 1
4 5 4
Now, we have:
L.H.S
3 3
2sin 1  2 tan 1
5 4
 3 
 2 
1  4   2x 
 tan  2 tan 1 x  tan 1
 3  2
 1  x 2 
 1   
 4 

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 3 
   3 16 
 tan 1  2   tan 1   
 16  9  2 7 
 16 
24
 tan 1  R.H .S .
7

Question 4:
1 8 3 77
Prove sin  sin 1  tan 1
17 5 36

Solution 4:
8
sin 1  x.
17
2
8  8 225 15
Then, sin x   cos x  1     
17  17  289 17.
8 8
 tan x   x  tan 1
15 15
8 8
 sin 1  tan 1 …..(1)
17 15
3
Now, let sin 1  y
5
2
3 3 16 4
Then, sin y   cos y  1      .
5 5 25 5
3 3
 tan y   y  tan 1
5 4
3 3
 sin 1  tan 1 ……(2)
5 4

Now, we have:

L.H.S.
8 3
sin 1  sin 1
17 5

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Using (1) and (2), we get

1 8 3
= tan  tan 1
15 4
8 3

1 15 4  1 1 1 x  y 
 tan  tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
8 3  
1 
15 4
 32  45 
 tan 1  
 60  24 
77
 tan 1  R.H .S .
36

Question 5:
1 4 12 33
Prove cos  cos 1  cos 1
5 13 65

Solution 5:
4
Let cos 1  x
5
2
4 4 3
Then, cos x   sin x  1    
5 5 5
3 3
 tan x   x  tan 1
4 4
4 3
 cos 1  tan 1 ….(1)
5 4
1 12
Now, let cos  y.
13
12 5
Then, cos y   sin y  .
13 13
5 5
 tan y   y  tan 1
12 12
12 5
 cos 1  tan 1 ….(2)
13 12

1 33
Let cos z
65

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

33 56
Then, cos z   sin z 
65 65
56 56
 tan z   z  tan 1
33 33
33 56
 cos 1  tan 1 ...(3)
65 33

Now,
L.H .S .
4 12
cos 1  cos 1
5 13

Using (1) and (2), we get

3 5
 tan 1  tan 1
4 12
 3 5 
    1  x  y  
 tan 1  4 12  1 1
 tan x  tan y  tan  
 3 5    1  xy  
 1   4  12  
  
 36  20 
 tan 1  
 48  15 
56
 tan 1
33
56
 cos 1
33
 R.H .S .

Question 6:
12 3 56
Prove cos 1  sin 1  sin 1
13 5 65

Solution 6:
2
3 1 3 3 16 4
Let sin  x. Then, sin x   cos x  1      .
5 5 5 25 5

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

3 3
 tan x   x  tan 1
4 4
3 3
 sin 1  tan 1 ...(1)
5 4
12
Now, let cos 1  y
13

12 5
Then, cos y   sin y  .
13 13

5 5
 tan y   y  tan 1
12 12

12 5
 cos 1  tan 1 ...(2)
13 12

56
Let sin 1  z.
65

56 33
Then, sin z   cos z  .
65 65

56 56
 tan z   z  tan 1
33 33

56 56
 sin 1  tan 1 ...(3)
65 33

Now, we have

L.H.S
12 3
cos 1  sin 1
13 5
5 3
 tan 1  tan 1
12 4

Using (1) and (2), we get

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

5 3
  1 x  y 
= tan -1 12 4 1 1
 tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
 5 3  
1  . 
 12 4 
 20  36 
= tan 1  
 48  15 
56
= tan 1
33
56
 sin 1 [Using (3)]
65

 R.H .S

Question 7:
63 5 3
Prove tan 1  sin 1  cos 1
16 13 5

Solution 7:
5
Let sin 1  x
13
5 12
Then, sin x   cos x  .
13 13
5 5
 tan x   x  tan 1
12 12
5 5
 sin _1  tan 1 …..(1)
13 12
3
Let cos 1  y.
5
3 4
Then, cos y   sin y  .
5 5
4 4
Thus, tan y   y  tan 1
3 3
3 4
 cos 1  tan 1 ….(2)
5 3

Using (1) and (2), we have

R.H.S.

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

5 3
sin 1  cos 1
12 5

5 4
= tan 1  tan 1
12 3
 5 4 
1
 12  3   1 1 1 x  y 
 tan    tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
 1 5  4   
 12 3 
 15  48 
 tan 1  
 36  20 
63
 tan 1
16
 L.H.S .

Question 8:
1 1 1 1 
Prove tan 1  tan 1  tan 1  tan 1 
5 7 3 8 4

Solution 8:
L.H.S
1 1 1 1
tan 1  tan 1  tan 1  tan 1
5 7 3 8
 1 1   1 1 
    38 
1 5 7 1  1 1 1 x  y 
 tan    tan  1 1   tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
 1 1  1   1    
 5 7  3 8
 75  1  8  3 
 tan 1    tan  
 35  1   24  1 
12 11
 tan 1  tan 1
34 23
6 11
 tan 1  tan 1
17 23
 6 11 
  
 tan 1  17 23 
 1  6  11 
 17 23 

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 325 
 tan 1  1
  tan 1
 325 

  R.H.S.
4

Question 9:
1  1 x 
Prove tan 1 x  cos 1   , x   0.1
2  1 x 

Solution 9:
Let x  tan 2  .

Then x  tan     tan 1 x .

1  x 1  tan 2 
   cos 2
1  x 1  tan 2 

Now, we have:

R.H .S
1  1 x 
cos 1  
2  1 x 
1
 cos 1  cos 2 
2
1
  2 =  =tan -1 x  L.H .S .
2

Question 10:
 1  sin x  1  sin x  x  
Prove cot 1    , x   0, 

 1  sin x  1  sin x  2  4

Solution 10:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

1  sin x  1  sin x
Consider
1  sin x  1  sin x

 
2
1  sin x  1  sin x
 (by rationalizing)
 1  sin x 
2
1  sin x 

1  sin x   1  sin x   2 1  sin x 1  sin x 


1  sin x  1  sin x



2 1  1  sin 2 x 
2sin x
1  cos x

sin x
x
2 cos 2
 2
x x
2sin cos
2 2
x
 cot
2
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
 L.H .S .  cot 1  
 1  sin x  1  sin x 

 x x
 cot 1  cot    R.H .S .
 2 2

Question 11:
 1 x  1 x   1 1
Prove tan 1  1
   cos x,   x 1
 1 x  1 x  4 2 2
Hint : putx  cos 2 

Solution 11:
1
Let, x  cos 2 then,   cos 1 x.
2
Thus, we have:

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 1 x  1 x 
L.H .S .  tan 1  
 1 x  1 x 
 1  cos 2  1  cos 2 
 tan 1  
 1  cos 2  1  cos 2 
 2 cos 2 2  2sin 2  
 tan 1  
 2 cos 2 2  2sin 2  
 
 2 cos   2 sin  
 tan   
 2 cos   2 sin  
 cos   sin  
 tan 1  
 cos   sin  

 1  tan  
 tan 1  
 1  tan  
 1  x  y  1 
 tan 1 1  tan 1  tan    tan 
1
  tan x  tan y 
  1  xy  
  1
    cos 1 x  R.H.S.
4 4 2

Question 12:
9 9 1 1 9 1 2 2
Prove  sin  sin
8 4 3 4 3

Solution 12:
9 9 1 1
L.H.S. =  sin
8 4 3
9 1
   sin 1 
4 2 3
9 1  1 1 
  cos 1  ……(1)  sin x  cos x  2 
4 3
1
Now, let cos 1  x
3

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

2
1 1 2 2
Then, cos x   sin x  1     .
3 3 3
2 2 1 2 2
 x  sin 1  cos 1  sin 1
3 3 3
9 1 2 2
 L.H.S. = sin  R.H.S.
4 3

Question 13:
Solve 2tan 1  cos x   tan 1  2cosec x 

Solution 13:
2tan 1  cos x   tan 1  2cosec x 
 2cos x   1 2 x 
 tan 1    tan  2cosec x 
1 1

1  cos 2
x  2 tan x  tan 1  x 2 
 
2 cos x
  2 cosec x
1  cos 2 x

2 cos x 2
 2

sin x sin x

 cos x  sin x

 tan x 1

x 
4

Question 14:
1 x 1
Solve tan 1  tan 1 x,  x  0 
1 x 2

Solution 14:
1 x 1
tan 1  tan 1 x
1 x 2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

1  1 x  y 
 tan 1 1  tan 1 x  tan 1 x 1 1
 tan x  tan y  tan 1  xy 
2  
 3
  tan 1 x
4 2

 tan 1 x 
6

 x  tan
6
1
x 
3

Question 15:
Solve sin  tan 1 x  , x  1 is equal to
x 1
(A) (B)
1  x2 1  x2
1 x
(C) (D)
1  x2 1  x2

Solution 15:
x
tan y  x  sin y 
1  x2
Let tan 1 x  y. Then,
 x   x 
y  sin 1    tan 1 x  sin 1  
 1 x   1 x 
2 2

  x  x
 sin  tan 1 x   sin  sin 1    
 2 
  1 x   1  x2
The correct answer is D.

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

Question 16:

Solve sin 1 1  x   2sin 1 x  , then x is equal to
2
1 1
(A) 0, (B) 1,
2 2
1
(C) 0 (D)
2

Solution 16:

sin 1 1  x   2sin 1 x 
2

 2sin 1 x   sin 1 1  x 
2
 2sin x  cos 1 1  x 
1
...(1)
Let sin 1 x    sin   x  cos   1  x 2 .
   cos 1  1  x2 
 sin 1 x  cos 1  1  x2 
Therefore, from equation (1), we have

2cos 1  
1  x 2  cos 1 1  x 

Let, x  sin y . Then, we have:

2cos 1  
1  sin 2 y  cos 1 1  sin y 

 2cos1  cos y   cos1 1  sin y 

 2 y  cos1 1  sin y 
 1  sin y  cos  2 y   cos 2 y
 1  sin y  1  2sin 2 y
 2sin 2 y  sin y  0
 sin y  2sin y 1  0
1
 sin y  0 or
2
1
 x  0 OR x 
2
1
When x  , it can be observed that:
2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 1 1
L.H.S.  sin 1 1    sin 1
 2 2
1 1
 sin 1    2sin 1
2 2
1
  sin 1
2
 
   R.H .S .
6 2
1
 x  is not a solution of the given equation.
2
Thus, x  0.
Hence, the correct answer is C.

Question 17:
x x y
Solve tan 1    tan 1 is equal to
 y x y
 
(A) (B)
2 3
 3
(C) (D)
4 4

Solution 17:

x  x y
tan 1    tan 1  
 y  x y
 x x y 
  
1  y x y   1 1 1 x  y 
 tan  tan y  tan y  tan 1  xy 
  x  x  y    
1    
  y  x  y  
 x x  y  y  x  y 
 
1  y  x  y 
 tan
 y  x  y  x x  y 
 
 y  x  y 
 x 2  xy  xy  y 2 
 tan 1  
 xy  y  x  xy 
2 2

2.Inverse trigonometric functions

Class XII – NCERT – Maths Chapter 2- Inverse trigonometric functions

 x2  y 2 
1 
 tan  2 2 
 tan 1 1 
x y  4
Hence, the correct answer is C.

2.Inverse trigonometric functions