On-board Diagnostics

 On-board diagnostic capabilities are incorporated into the

 Hardware
 Software
of the vehicles on-board computer to
 Monitor
 Detect
 Report
Emission performance malfunctions, component malfunctions and system malfunctions
 The central focus of an OBD compliant emission control system is the operation of supported
monitors
 All systems and components that play a significant role in the vehicle‟s emissions output must
be monitored using one or more of the following:
 Electrical Tests:
 Testing sensors and actuators for continuity, short circuits, signal out-of-range
 Rationality Tests:
 Determining whether the data provided for the sensor is logical when considering other data input
 Functional Tests:
 Analyzing whether a device is responding properly to computer commands. Functional tests can be active or
passive.

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 ECM/PCM

 Description
 Provides 5 Volt Reference to various sensors
 Observes information from various sensors
 Controls the systems that affect performance
 The fuel system control
 The exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system control
 The preheating (glow) system control
 Exhaust brake system control
 Power take off (PTO) system control
 On-board diagnostics for engine control
 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)
 Performs diagnostic functions
 Recognizes operational problems
 Alerts the driver through the Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL)
 Stores Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that identify system faults to aid the technician in making
repairs

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 ECM/PCM Inputs & Outputs

 Input components may include:

 Crank angle sensor
 Throttle position sensor
 Cam position sensor
 Intake air temperature sensor
 Boost pressure sensor
 Manifold pressure sensor
 Mass air flow sensor
 Exhaust temperature sensor
 Exhaust pressure sensor
 Fuel pressure sensor
 Output components may include:
 Idle speed control system
 Glow plug system
 Variable vane turbo control
 Wait to start lamp
 MIL
 Electronic Fuel Pressure Regulator
 Electronic Fuel Injectors

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 ECM/TCM/EHCU Communication
NON-DPF

 Communication
 Communicates with other modules over the controller area network (CAN) communication bus
 Monitors CAN operational status and will set a DTC if communication is lost
 Communicates with IDSS over the Class 2 serial data link or GMLAN

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ECM/TCM/EHCU Communication
with DPF
+12V
ECM

VNT C/M

GPCM

Class 2 serial
data
IP Cluster

GM LAN
DRM

EHCU

TCM
Resister (M/T) Resister (M/T)

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 Electrical Components

 Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor

 Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
 Fuel Temperature (FT) Sensor
 Barometric Pressure (BARO) Sensor
 Boost Pressure Sensor
 Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor
 Idle Up Sensor
 Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
 Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
 Vehicle Speed Sensor
 EGR Exhaust Gas Temperature Sensors 1 and 2

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