Revision For Final Exam

FHSC1014 MECHANICS
201905
Question 1
It is found that the gravitational acceleration acting on the
Earth by the Sun can be expressed by
gsun  2 r xT y
where r is the distance between the Sun and the Earth and
T is the period of the Earth orbiting the Sun.
(i) Determine the value of x and y if they are
dimensionless.
(ii) Given 𝑟 = 1.496 × 108 km, find gsun .

(Ans: x = 1, y = -2; 9.4410-4m/s2)

Question 2
Bernoulli’s equation states that
1 2
P   v   gh  constant
2
(i) Determine the dimension of pressure, P.
(ii) Show that the dimension of each term in the
Bernoulli’s equation above are the same.

(Ans: ML-1T-2)
Question 3
Three vectors, A = 20.0 units, B = 30.0 units and C = 40.0
units form a triangle with vector C is directed towards –x
axis and the sum of the three vectors = 0.
(i) Determine the x and y components of vectors A and
B.
(ii) Sketch the triangle.

(Ans)
104.5° 104.5°
B A or A B

46.57° C 28.96° 28.96° C 46.57°

Question 4
Three forces 𝐹1 , 𝐹2 and 𝐹3 are acting at origin as shown in the
figure.
𝐹2 =35.0 N

𝐹3 =40.0 N
10.0° 30.0°

40.0°

𝐹1 =25.0 N

(i) Determine the x and y components of the three forces.

(ii) If 𝐹4 = −(𝐹1 + 𝐹2 + 𝐹3 ), determine 𝐹4 .
(iii) Sketch the polygon vector diagram of the four forces
above.
(Ans: 16.1 N, -19.2 N, 30.0 N, 17.5 N, -39.4 N, 6.95 N;
8.77 N at 217°)
Question 5
A force 𝐹 = 4.00𝑖 − 5.00𝑗 is applied on a block to
displace the block through a displacement 𝑠 = 4.00𝑖 +
2.00𝑗 .
(i) Determine the work done of the force 𝐹 across the
displacement 𝑠 .
(ii) Find the angle between the force 𝐹 across the
displacement 𝑠.

(Ans: 6.00 J; 77.9°)

Question 6
A block of 2.00 kg initially at rest is given a constant
acceleration of 1.60 m/s2 towards right that only lasted for
1.50 s. The block continues to move at constant velocity
after that. Determine
(i) the constant velocity of the block.
(ii) the distance travelled by the block after 3.20 s.

(Ans: 2.40 m/s; 5.88 m)

Question 7
A rocket-modelled firework will shoot up into the sky
with an acceleration of 4.20 m/s2 once ignited. However,
its fuel can only last for 2.05 s. The firework will
continue to travel up and detonate at the highest point
with the release of colourful firework flames.
(i) Determine the maximum speed that the firework
could attain.
(ii) Find the maximum height that the firework could
reach.
(iii) Calculate the total flight time of the firework if it is
going to fall to the ground after the release of
firework flames in the sky.
(Ans: 8.61 m/s; 12.6 m; 4.53 s)
Question 8
David’s girlfriend, Jenny has a habit of standing in front of her
window at 7.00 A.M. every the morning. She is staying at 5th floor
of an apartment and her window is 10.0 m from ground. To give
Jenny a surprise proposal, David places a bouquet of flower and a
diamond ring on a small cushion tied to a love-shape helium
balloon and releases the balloon below Jenny’s window. It is found
that the balloon will rise with a constant speed of 1.80 m/s.
(i) Determine how soon will the ring reach Jenny’s window if it is
released from ground.
(ii) To David’s disappointment, the ring accidentally falls off from
the cushion at a height of 8.50 m. Calculate the time it takes to
reach the ground.
(iii) Find the final velocity of the ring when it hits the ground.
(iv) With her mood spoilt, Jenny throws a pot of flower down at a
speed of 2.00 m/s to land next to David. Find the time it takes
for the pot to hit the ground.
(Ans: 5.56 s; 1.51 s; -13.0 m/s; 1.24 s)
Question 9
A rescue personnel is on a mission to use hang glider to
deliver an emergency parcel to an air crash victim
stranded on a small island located between two main
lands. When the hang glider reaches a position of 150 m
above the island and 43.2 m away from the centre of the
island, the velocity of the hang glider is 6.20 m/s at 25.0°
below horizontal and the rescue personnel decided to
release the emergency parcel then. Determine
(i) whether the parcel will land on the island if the radius
of the island is 15.8 m.
(ii) the velocity of the parcel before the impact.

(Ans: Yes; 54.6 m/s at -84.1°)

Question 10
A volleyball player performs a jump serve. When the ball
is tossed into the air, he jumps and spikes the ball at 3.25
m above the end line. The ball moves with a speed of
28.0 m/s at 1.50 ° below horizontal.
(i) Determine by how much the volleyball will clear the
top of the net of height 2.43 m at 9.14 m away from
the end line.
(ii) Determine if the ball will land inside the court where
the opposite end line is 18.3 m away.

(Ans: 0.0582 m; No)

Question 11
A 10.0 kg block slides with an initial speed of 2.20 m/s
through 36.0 cm of rough horizontal surface before
coming to rest. Determine
(i) the loss in the kinetic energy,
(ii) the work done to overcome the friction,
(iii) the frictional force between the surfaces, and
(iv) the coefficient of kinetic friction between the
surfaces.

(Ans: 24.2 J; 24.2 J; 67.2 N; 0.686)

Question 12
A 10.0 kg block is released at the top of a ramp elevated
at 35.0 °. The block slides through 56.0 cm down the
ramp before coming to rest. Determine
(i) the change in the potential energy,
(ii) the work done to overcome the friction,
(iii) the frictional force between the surfaces, and
(iv) the coefficient of kinetic friction between the
surfaces.

(Ans: -31.5 J; 31.5J; 56.2 N; 0.700)

Question 13
A 10.0 kg block is released at the top of a ramp elevated
at 30.0 °. The block experiences a frictional force of 18.0
N as it slides down the ramp through a distance of 42.0
cm. Determine
(i) the change in the potential energy,
(ii) the work done to overcome the friction, and
(iii) the final speed of the block.

(Ans: -20.58 J; -7.56 J; 1.61 m/s)

Question 14
Block A of 1.00 kg and block B of 2.00 kg are moving
towards each other at speeds of 2.50 m/s and 2.80 m/s. If
the blocks will collide elastically, determine the final
velocities of the blocks.

(Ans: -4.57 m/s, 0.733 m/s)

Question 15
A 8.90 g bullet is shot with a speed u towards a 2.00 kg
metal block which is initially at rest. The bullet is trapped
inside the metal block and the block slides 52.0 cm
through a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of
kinetic friction, μk = 0.480. Determine the initial speed of
the bullet, u.

(Ans: 499 m/s)

Question 16
A 8.90 g bullet is shot with a speed u towards a 2.00 kg
metal block which is initially at rest. The bullet is trapped
inside the metal block and the block slides 52.0 cm up an
incline of angle 30.0º before coming to a momentarily
stop. Determine the initial speed of the bullet, u.

(Ans: 510 m/s)

Question 17
A 8.90 g bullet is shot with a speed u towards a 2.00 kg
metal block which is initially at rest. The bullet is trapped
inside the metal block and the block slides 52.0 cm up a
rough incline of angle 30.0º before coming to a stop.
Given that the coefficient of kinetic friction of the incline,
μk = 0.480, determine the initial speed of the bullet, u.

(Ans: 690 m/s)

Question 18
Four identical billiard balls are distributed in the
following position. Determine the centre of gravity of the
four billiard balls from the origin.
y (cm)

6.00
4.00
2.00
x (cm)
-6.00 -4.00 -2.00 0 2.00 4.00 6.00
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00

(Ans: xcg = -0.25 cm, ycg = 0 cm)

Question 19
A horizontal, 6.00 m beam weighing 400 N is hinged at
the wall as shown. A cable is attached at a point 4.50 m
away from the wall making an angle of 35.0° above
horizontal. A 1200 N weight is attached to the beam at
4.50 m away from the wall.

(i) What is the tension in the cable?

(ii) What are the horizontal and vertical components of
the force exerted by the wall on the boom?
(iii) What is the magnitude and direction of this reaction
force from the wall?

(Ans: 2.56×103 N; -2.09×103 N, 133 N; 2.10×103 N, 176°)

Question 20
A 75.0kg window cleaner uses a 10.0 kg ladder that is 5.0 m
long. He places one end on the ground 2.5 m from a wall, rests
the upper end against a cracked window, and climbs the
ladder. He is 3.0 m up along the ladder when the window
breaks. Neglect friction between the ladder and window and
assume that the base of the ladder does not slip. When the
window is on the verge of breaking, find
(i) the magnitude of the force on the window from the ladder,
(ii) the magnitude of the force on the ladder from the ground,
and
(iii) the angle (relative to the horizontal) of that force on the
ladder from the ground.

(Ans: 283 N; 880 N; 71°)

Question 21
When a car passes by the first traffic light, the tires are
rotating at an angular speed of 220 rpm. The car starts to
accelerate constantly for 36.4 s and the angular speed of
the tires reaches 300 rpm when the car reaches the second
traffic light. Given the diameter of the car tires is 57.4
cm, find
(i) the angular acceleration of the tires between the
two traffic lights,
(ii) the distance travelled by the car between the two
traffic lights.

(Ans: 0.230 rad/s2; 284 m)

Question 22
In a packaging department of a factory, conveyor belt A is
delivering goods to be dropped into boxes that will come
by the end of the conveyor belt A. The goods are spaced
40.0 cm apart while the boxes are delivered by conveyor
belt B at a speed of 1.00 m/s and the spacing between the
boxes is 0.750 m. Determine the angular speed of the
rollers of the conveyor belt A if the rollers have a
diameter of 10.0 cm.
40.0 cm

0.75m
Conveyor Belt A
Rollers
(Ans: 10.7 rad/s)
Question 23
Io is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of the
planet Jupiter. Given that the mass of Jupiter, 1.90  1027
kg and the period of Io orbiting the Jupiter is 42 hours.
Determine the orbital distance of Io from the centre of
Jupiter.

(Ans: 4.19  108 m)

Question 24
A communication satellite of mass 1200 kg is orbiting the
Earth at a height of 35.4  103 km above the Earth surface
at a speed of 1.12 revolutions per day. Determine
(i) the orbiting speed of the satellite,
(ii) the potential energy of the satellite,
(iii) the kinetic energy of the satellite, and
(iv) the total energy of the satellite.

(Ans: 3090 m/s; -1.15  1010 J; 5.73  109 J; -5.73  109 J)

Question 25
A steel beam with cross sectional area of 1.25 m2 and
2.200 m high and an ultimate compressive strength of
35.0 MPa is placed vertically in the basement of a
building to keep the floor above from sagging. Given the
Young’s modulus of the steel beam is 211 GPa, determine
(i) the maximum weight the steel beam can support,
and
(ii) the maximum strain on the steel beam.

(Ans: 4.38  107 N; 1.66  10-4)

Question 26
A hydraulic pump has an input piston of diameter 40.0 cm
and output piston of cross sectional area 4.5 m2. If the
output piston is to lift a load of 1.10 kN, determine
(i) the force required at the input end of the hydraulic
pump, and
(ii) the displacement of the force at the input piston to
raise the load by 5.00 cm.

(Ans: 30.7 N; 179 cm)

Question 27
A 2.50 kg ball of density 4.20 g/cm3 is hung with a spring
of force constant 120 N/m is submerged fully into water.
Determine
(i) the extension of the spring when the ball is in the
air,
(ii) the buoyant force of the ball when fully submerged,
(iii) the change in the extension of the spring.

(Ans: 20.4 cm; 5.83 N; -4.86 cm)

Question 28
A wooden sphere with a diameter of d = 10.0 cm and
density ρ = 0.65 g/cm3 is held under water by a string.

(i) Determine the buoyant force on the wooden sphere.

(ii) Find the tension in the string.
(iii) If the string is replaced with a spring of force constant
120 N/m, calculate the extension of the spring.
(Ans: 5.13 N; 1.80 N; 1.50 cm)
Question 29
One end of the water hose is connect to the water faucet
while the other end is connected to a shower with 24
identical holes. If the water hose has an internal diameter
of 2.30 cm and the shower holes have a diameter of 0.600
mm, determine the speed of water that comes out from
the shower holes when the 0.420 L of water is delivered
by the faucet in 5.00 seconds.

(Ans: 12.4 m/s)

Question 30
In a constricted water pipe which started off with a
diameter 80.0 cm and ended with a diameter of 35.0 cm
and 2.40 m below the initial height. The pipe delivers
fresh water at a rate of 850 L in 72.0 s. Given the water
pressure at the initial end is 1.20 atm, determine
(i) the speed of the water at both ends of the pipe, and
(ii) the water pressure at the end of the pipe.

(Ans: 0.0235 m/s, 0.123 m/s; 1.45  105 Pa)