Rocky Mountain Chapter

TRENCHLESS REHABILITATION
TECHNOLOGIES FOR
STORM WATER CULVERTS

Jeff Maier, PE
Water Technology Team –
Infrastructure Practice Leader
JRMaier@GarverUSA.com
303‐596‐0744

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 What is Trenchless Technology?

No-Dig approach to condition assessment,

rehabilitation and new installations.

Trenchless Technology is defined as a type of

subsurface construction work that requires few
trenches or no continuous trenches. It is a rapidly
growing sector of the construction and civil
engineering industry. (Wikipedia)

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 Trenchless Technology = No Dig Construction

Minimally invasive construction methods used to install or

rehabilitate pipelines and other infrastructure

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Includes Rehabilitation & New Installation Methods
Rehabilitation - minimally disruptive repair of pipeline infrastructure
(CIPP lining, slip lining, pipe bursting, grouting, CA)

New Installation - new pipeline, tunnel infrastructure using minimally

invasive methods (microtunneling, auger boring, TBM, HDD)

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 Typical Construction Footprint

Traditional Dig vs. Trenchless Rehabilitation

vs.

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 Trenchless Rehabilitation vs. Excavation

Minimize disruptions, maximize budgets

• Trenchless is less disruptive and often much faster
• Rehabilitation options provide new or like-new pipe
• Rehabilitation can be cheaper in difficult-to-access, developed,
high density areas, roadway & railroad crossings
• Excavation often cheaper in open fields, less developed areas
• Dig & replace is well established, trenchless solutions can be
very specialized

Options need to be viewed as tools in the toolbox:

**All methods have strengths & limitations**
**No one-size-fits-all solutions**

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 The Dig & Replace Excavation Option
When trenchless rehabilitation may not be a good fit…
• Replacement with new pipe is needed
• Collapsed pipe & other severe structural issues
• Is the highway already being excavated for other purposes?
• Excavation contractors & materials are readily available
Always use as baseline for cost comparison

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 Introducing some of the common tools in 
the trenchless rehabilitation toolbox...

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 Slip Lining for Storm Water Pipes
•Variety of materials available
FRP – Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic pipe
GRP – Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic pipe
HDPE – High Density Polyethylene pipe
•Segmental & fused options
•Provides new structural pipe
•Diameter reduction
•Good for long, straight runs
•Annular space, grouting
•Live flows are possible

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 HDPE Slip Lining Product Data
• HDPE pipe has a range from 6” – 63”
• Profile Wall HDPE Pipe ranges from 66” – 132”
• Can be custom made in lengths ranging from 2 LF – 50 LF.
• Fused or snap fit options
• HDPE Pipe can be pushed or pulled through existing culvert
• “N” factor of HDPE Pipe is 0.009 (compared to CMP at 0.024)

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 HDPE Slip Lining
• Corrosion resistant in hostile effluents - road salts, fuels, oils
• HDPE pipe is not brittle, strong in colder temperatures
• Good abrasion resistance
• Ultraviolet (UV) Stable
• 100 year design life

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 Slip Lining - Large Diameter FRP/GRP

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 FRP/GRP Slip Lining
• FRP & GRP pipe is strong, abrasion & corrosion resistant
• Slip line pipe has a diameter range from 6” to 142”
• Standard length = 6 m. Custom lengths/ fabrications available
• FRP/GRP Pipe is pushed through existing culvert for slip lining
• Rubberized-material gasket joints
• “N” factor of FRP/GRP Pipe is 0.008 to 0.010 (compared to
CMP at 0.024)

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 GRP Slip Line Pipe Construction Example

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 Grouting - What about the annular space?
Chemical & Cementitious Grouts:
Annular void space, soil stabilization, infiltration control
• Wide variety of grouts available
• Various installation methods
• Grout packer, injection grout
• Don’t float the pipe!

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 CIPP Lining for Storm Culverts

CIPP (Cured In Place Pipe lining)

• Needle Felt or Glass Reinforced UV-Cured
• Thermal or UV-light curing methods
• Typical flex modulus for felt = 250,000 psi
• Typical flex modulus for UV = 1,000,000+ psi
• UV = ideal for wet pipe conditions, culverts
• Diameter range of 6” to 120”+
• Very versatile lining technology

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 CIPP Lining

• Round pipe, elliptical, egg-shaped, box culverts possible

• ASTM F1216 design criteria
• Fully Deteriorated Condition
• Partially Deteriorated Condition
• Stand-alone, lining system
• Does not rely on bond to pipe
• Styrene issues being evaluated
• End seals recommended
• Factory or in-field wet-out

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 CIPP Resin Impregnation
CIPP resin impregnation with:
• Polyester resin (suitable for civil wastewater)
• Vinylester resin (suitable for aggressive wastewater)
• Epoxy formulations (styrene-free, ultra-thin liners)

Factory Impregnation System – UV CIPP

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 UV-Cured CIPP for Storm Culverts
• Outer protective bladder stops resin dilution & styrene release
• Computer controlled curing process ensures verifiable, fast,
complete cure throughout including in areas with heat sinks
• Thinner liner, higher strength materials, minimal shrinkage
• Pre-inspection capabilities, high degree of quality control
• Smaller footprint & easier access for difficult access locations

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 Spray-Applied Cementitious Linings
• Spin-cast cementitious & geopolymer high-build systems
• Can line pipelines 30” to 120” in diameter
• Corrosion protection, structural integrity, improved hydraulics
• Surface preparation, design criteria not well defined
• Applied in multiple passes, invert must be re-established
• High build applications – thickness of ½” to 2” are common

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 Other Storm Water Rehabilitation Options
Spray-Applied Polymeric Lining
• Epoxy, urethane, poly-urea products available
• Fast application and can be variable thickness
• Intimately bonded to substrate pipe
• Corrosion protection, semi-structural
• Design criteria not well defined
• Surface preparation is CRITICAL!
Spiral-Wound Lining
• Used for larger pipe diameters
• Can be used in odd shaped pipes
• Grouting of annular space required

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 Storm Culvert Rehabilitation Examples
These Problems…

Lead to….

Complete Failures

Address the Problem…Before it is too late!!

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 54” Culvert Slip lining – Northglenn, CO

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 54” Culvert Slip Lining – Northglenn, CO

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 42” CMP Culvert - UV-Cured CIPP

Weld County, CO 42” Elliptical CMP

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CMP Culvert Rehabilitation – UV CIPP Lining

Summit County, CO - 18 and 24”

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 A Look Into the Future…
Trenchless condition assessment & rehabilitation
technologies will continue to rapidly advance.
• Additional breakthroughs are expected in pressure
pipe rehabilitation, advanced pipeline condition
assessment, and composite material development
• Cost for trenchless technologies will continue to
decrease & systems will become more readily
available
• Trenchless industry outlook is bright as demand
and growth projections continue to be strong

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 Rocky Mountain Chapter

QUESTIONS?

Jeff Maier, PE
Water Technology Team –
Infrastructure Practice Leader
JRMaier@GarverUSA.com
303‐596‐0744

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