2nd International Conference on

Global perspectives on Higher Education

24th, 25th December, 2016

Swami Sahajanand College of Commerce & Management, Bhavnagar.

“21st Century, an Advanced Educational System in Teaching & Learning with

the Assist of ICT”

Kaushal H. Desai
Assistant Professor of English,
Gyanmanjari Institute of Technology,
Bhavnagar, India.
Kaushaldesai123@gmail.com

Read this paper also on:

http://desaikaushal1315.blogspot.com

http://www.slideshare.net/kaushal111
 Abstract

Determining the concept of ICT it is now an intellectual part all over the world. Educational
field gives an idea of improvement in teaching and learning sense to wisdom that is really
spectacular outcome. Technologies have significant effect on learning and teaching when
appropriate approaches will be the process of learning and teaching. Therefore, integrating
technology into the classroom is one of important approach to develop better understanding
of basic concepts provided for learning. There are various types to tools that work effectively
today. Let us take a concept of Blended Learning, learning with Web 2.0 tools, Flipped
Classroom, E-learning. It is also impactful to teach and learn with open classroom that has
self-learning and inner growth of mind. It gives the base of virtual classroom that has
expedition of skill development and many improvable things through the use of ICT. ICT
provides opportunities to access information using multiple information resources and
viewing it from many perspectives, therefore, fostering the learning environments. With the
use of Teach-nology it can enhance the educational globalize era that can give impact in
teaching and learning. Scientific research proved that our mind is working in digital intellect
yet technology can work better with the understanding of the knowledge.

Keywords: ICT, Teach-nology, E-learning, B-learning, Flipped Classroom, Web 2.0, SNS
Learning.
Introduction

ICT in education makes an enhancing demonstration of growth in learning and teaching.

While one has not against the traditional root but yet this make the one method in 21st
century. E-Learning is a base on which capturing of techno skills and that is most important
part in this era. If the teacher is gliding students in a light of learning so there is E-tools to be
used that will covey that how critical thinking can be developed (Desai, 2014). What if one
say learning with no boundaries? It is anytime learning. With the complement of virtual base
it gives the commandment over new learning. Now online classroom is source of new
knowledge and it gives the knowledge on your palm, one can consider it Mobile Assisted
Learning. It is obtained that India is now expressing in daily digitalize world. So to target
upon this it can also look up on digitalize India and learning of the kids to the higher studies
that how teachers are making effect on the websites of social media. If we look at Khan
Academy (http://www.khanacademy.org/) then it is probably a huge hierarchical dimension
of the learner with stimulate outcome. So it is really a beneficial. It also reminds that how
Sugata Mitra, a profound delegate that gives gratitude on new techniques in learning. One
thing can be observed that “Build a School on the Clouds”. He keenly makes this state of new
flow in learning.
(The above image of mine that makes classroom livelier to conduct and students can more
grasp the knowledge and teachers can easily deliver information and actual meaning and by
this learner get zeal in learning with confidence.)

Teaching with technology requires an understanding of the representation of concepts using

technologies; pedagogical techniques that use technologies in constructive ways to teach
content; knowledge of what makes concepts difficult or easy to learn and how technology can
help redress some of the problems that students face; knowledge of students' prior knowledge
and theories of epistemology; and knowledge of how technologies can be used to build on
existing knowledge and to develop new epistemologies or strengthen old ones. Technological
pedagogical knowledge (TPK) is knowledge of the existence, components, and capabilities of
various technologies as they are used in teaching and learning settings, and conversely,
knowing how teaching might help to achieve desired effect as the result of using particular
technologies.

The quality use of ICT and the use with a pedagogical incentive become urgency where
material should be the only focus and ICT facilities become pedagogical and environmental
agent. This can give several points to be observed.

∑ ICT express the enhancing depth

∑ Student can cultivate their skill
∑ Learning with passion
∑ Techno pedagogy improve art and skills
∑ Online classroom designs pleasant atmosphere

These are the simple base on which teaching and learning can give their best impact.
Moreover, most thinkers can directly connect through the world media and give their views
about it. This learning process is now the way of every learner.

◘ Motivational Comrade for Teaching and Learning

Motivation and handy tool in technology can enhance the learning needs and helping
comrade for teachers also that can make best effort to give expedition on education in
specially. Observers have noted that the Internet is moving away from its original model of
cooperative communication based on exchange, and tending towards the logic of a mass
broadcasting medium, resulting in a concentration of producers and the progressive
disappearance of interactivity.
(Hasanbegovic, 2005), has reviewed a study on the impact of intrinsic motivation on e-
learning in authentic computer tasks by Martens et al. 2004. The study allows her to
conclude:

In line with the motivation theory of Ryan and Deci it is predicted and evidenced that
intrinsically motivated students do more in a fixed time period as a result of their higher
effort and persistence and will do different things in computer environments that allow for
this liberty of choice.

◘ Emerging Minds: Educator’s blow on Learning and Teaching

What are the tools to be imagining while one as to give their best shot about teaching and
learning? It has an emerging mind and fruitful sense of observing things. It is not surprising,
however, that an examination of exemplary practice in the use of ICTs throws up some
common themes. For example, technology-mediated language learning seems to be most
successful when the technology is seamlessly integrated into the overall activity and where it
is used as a cross-curricular tool. However, ICT seem to be particularly successful when
integrated into project-based learning.

Television is an effective and good audio-visual aid in teaching. It is the non-literacy

medium. Television acts as a magic eye for learners as it can stimulate several situations and
manipulate creativity. Video-conferencing facilitates in bridging the gaps between the haves
and have-nots in education today. With addition to television, we can also use slide projector,
OHP, films, tape recorder, videocassette and LCD as substitutes for chalkboard. Television is
advantageous in providing visuals to reinforce the information being presented in spoken
form. Even in this field, language education plays a vital role, because additional cues
compensate for dialectal difference between speakers and listeners. Telecasting information
through TV is beneficial to the illiterate and literate people. Television provides a ground for
additional cultural learning, and also facilitates to entertain and educate the viewers. It aims
to enlarge both knowledge and understanding. It provides educational information regarding
science, different cultures, civil war, wild life, agriculture, etc. we can bring educational
programs generated by experts. Critics call it the idiot box due to some mindless programs,
which promote mindless viewing.
◘ Embedding Technology in Learning and Teaching

It is generally accepted that the world is changing, be it physically, socially and economically.
The way education was settled and provided in the past seems to mismatch the reality (Kay,
2010). In other words, what we are teaching and training students in schools seem not to be
practical and applicable in the real labour world. Trilling & Fadel (2009) explain that routine
work in the 20th century was originally performed by people, but it was gradually substituted
by machines. However, with the expansion of computers and telecommunications, people
need to change their skills to adapt to more complicated, creative tasks. With reference to the
Population Reference, there are approximately two million people, or 27%, who are under 15
years old and have been surrounded by technology since they were born. However, the
majority of people and students are considered ‘digital immigrants’ and they need to re-learn
and make use of technology so as to blend in the future society (Buraphadeja, 2012) 2012.
Through language teaching, the students’ communicative function, types of communication,
functional and notional level, can be tested so as to meet the linguistic demands. Teachers of
English, especially in professional institutions are not bound as teachers of grammar and
structure but are expected to be efficient communicators with the knowledge of soft skills.

Online learning has impact on students and now it makes the students to think. And this
makes new element in learners a critical thinking capability. Beside that online tasks can help
learners to develop their reviews and understanding and they can give their feedback on
asked question.

◘ SNS Use: Learning and Teaching with Interest

One cannot deny on learners’ focus on the ICT and how teachers’ use is make a huge change
in 21st century. Another perspective of the point is to give an educative technology as well as
social media using also. Let the social networking sites are explode with learning and
teaching.

Social network has played a significant role in social interaction in the present world. There
are many types of internet-based social media that exist today such as, Facebook, Google+,
Twitter, LinkedIn, etc. (Stevenson & Liu, 2010). Even though social network was originally
designed for social interaction, it can be a good learning tool for language education.
(Kabilan & Ahmad, 2010) 2010 conducted a study on how Facebook can be integrated in
language learning. The researchers suggested that it is the job of language educators and
teachers to plan how to integrate Facebook as part of their language teaching, learning
objectives and learning outcomes. The results from their questionnaires showed that there
was a significant difference between students’ attitude towards using Facebook before and
after an online course. They also found that, when students spent more time interacting on
Facebook, their linguistic abilities increased by the end of the course.

Besides that there are publishing platform also where there teachers and learners get
implication of their work and get to know what are other’s feedback and that gives new way
of exploring thing. Tools like, Blogger, Slideshare, YouTube, Flipped Education, and ne can
create own website to enhance this process in effective way for example Google Website.

(Above image of mine, that presents, ICT develops with various perform base tools, the
image captured at M.K.B.U. Department of English)
◘ Education Technology

After looking SNS, let the technology flows in every parts of education. That is what makes
ICT learning and teaching a training base and in which situation teachers and learners
perspectives to conduct. Technology has permeated every walk of human life. It has not left
the field of education also untouched. Sarat Kumar Rout says, The term Educational
Technology (ET) by nature is very inclusive which comprises wide range of conventional
aids like maps, charts, diagrams and models, audio visual aids such as film projector,
overhead projector; audio cassettes/radio and video cassettes/television. It also includes
newer digital based media such as computer, fax, email, interactive multimedia, all forms of
teleconferencing online classroom, web based learning, blogs, pod cast, e-learning, etc.
Online services in the education of both degree and non degree are basically providing
educational services to users using the internet as a medium. Moreover, these services can be
composed of various stages of the process of educational programs such as: registration, test
entry, payment, and learning, case assignments, case discussions, exams, assessments,
discussions, and announcements (Michael, 2013).

Collaborative learning is an expedition in which learner get a thinking growth and critical
sense of thinking. And how to take judgment it is also can be learnt. And many more
experience can be observed by this.

◘ E-Learning & B-Learning

E-Learning (Electronic Learning) is a term that encompasses all forms of Technology

Enhanced Learning (TEL) or very specific types of TEL such as online or Web-based
learning. It is used to define a specific mode to attend a course or program of study where the
students rarely or never meet face-to-face, nor access on-campus educational facilities,
because they study online. By adopting another form of ICT-based studies, the study of relied
upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in investigating the results of educational
research related to ICT use in e-learning. The researchers attempted to identify the differences
across genders in the perception and relationships toward acceptance of e-learning control.
Their results indicated that male students surpassed female students in the use of e-learning
models. There are some points to be noted.
 ∑ Web-based learning
∑ Online learning
∑ Distance learning
∑ Flipped Classroom

B-Learning (Blended Learning) A blended learning approach can combine face-to-face

instruction with computer-mediated instruction, under the supervision and support of the
teacher inside and outside the classroom. A typical example of blended learning methodology
would be a combination of technology-based materials and face-to-face sessions to present
content.

Learners and teachers work together to improve the quality of learning and teaching, the
ultimate aim of blended learning being to provide realistic practical opportunities for learners
and teachers to make learning independent, useful, sustainable and ever growing. Teachers
have been blending or integrating different types of learning activities and resources in
classroom, laboratory, practicum, studio contexts for a very long time. Today, the term
‘blended learning’ has evolved to mean the integration of classroom learning with online or e-
learning. Blended learning comes in many guises, although each application or method may
have similar ‘ingredients’ or elements such as face-to-face delivery, flexible options, online
components.

◘ Virtual Environment
Learning with interest gets enjoy the learning in the fruitful way and mind get involve in
learning in such a way that students get feels no tiredness. In teaching there is the need of
practical use of a target also in real or at least inducing situations. The Internet provides
requested options of interconnection literally all over the world. There are two main reasons
for implementation of interconnecting elements in teaching. Firstly, communication is the
basic element of improvement of learners´ language competence, which is available through
various virtual learning environments (VLEs).

Here you will see the image that describes that how one can uploads their works on the
internet and they can learn and teach also to the needy. One can get material online with
effective works. And that is core of the 21st century.
When there is a possibility of realization of student exchange in the future, it can accelerate
learners´ dedication for studying. In this, adding the tool online chat then chat is an ICT tool
allowing people to communicate all over the world in real time. It gives an opportunity either
to write messages or speak directly to the other person synchronously, which is the main
difference between chats and emails or discussion forums described in the section above.
After a session with students, got to know several students’ response;

“I like to be able to know in advance when to turn in my work. It was excellent to get the
course schedule ahead of time and also the way you would be grading us because then I
quickly knew what was expected of me.”

“I liked the web discussions – the communication with the fellow students and the teacher. I
found the way of giving feedback very useful and clear.”

It was interesting to do the assignments and work in small groups. We were ‘forced’ to
communicate. There were a lot of issues in the book worth discussion.”

“It was good to look for information, e.g. on the internet, about any culture.”

“The course provided support and promoted learner autonomy. Encouraged students to do
their own information searches and work independently.”

These whole the things make these point enhancing to know and make it more in use as well
as in search for more growth. Flipped learning gives virtual homework to do with viewing
videos, online asking and getting feedback, note down tasks, using PowerPoint, Using SNS
tools. These whole the things makes education in higher level to make growth in learners
capability and teaching makes expand use of explanation.

◘ Conclusion

Education perspective in 21st century is like dealing subject with advance mind. So the teach-
nology makes a huge role in learning and teaching methodology. And likewise it provides
educational software. After observing various king of tools and methodologies, it can proves
that this is a way of growth and exploring new ways in education. ICT makes enhancing
atmosphere for the learner and teachers not just because of technology makes it easy but how
to use it that is the matter. From the traditional teaching and learning to the era of
globalization expands the glory of learners and helps the needs of teaching effectively.
Everlasting effect of this techno tools that mentioned is the greatest techniques to learn and
teach in the environmental base. Computer Lab is the stage which can make the better impact
on any education field so make a room for the online studies so that can give the best impact
to learn and teach with effectively. Through ICT one can have asynchronous learning. Online
courses materials are available. Teachers and learners are not solely dependent on books, and
others study materials available in library with the help of the Internet and the World Wide
Web provides a wide range of subject material in each and every subject. One can surf the
Internet anywhere or anytime. At one time, an unlimited number of people can access the
Internet. It also facilitates access to person’s researches, business leaders, experts, mentors
and peers all over the world. To conclude, the use of ICT on learning has a positive effect on
motivation, and its use can contribute to our learning and teaching. A better understanding of
motivational aspects of use of ICT can make it more effective and increase potential for ICT
to be more wisely used in language teaching and learning around the world. ICT can improve
or enhance the education to facilitate the acquisition of basic skills by enhancing teacher’s
training. Whole the things go step by step with each other and make this ICT use is on the top
for the best process.
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