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Writing Survey Reports

What is a Survey?
 A survey is a data collection method that involves asking a selected group of people report is
an objective and systematic written presentation of the questions.
How do we conduct a Survey?
The first part or this lesson deals with constructing and drafting a survey questionnaire pertinent to
gathering information for the study.
 A questionnaire is an objective data gathering tool.
 You may just borrow a ready-made, validated questionnaire prepared by others. In this case,
give credit to the original author by citing his/her work.
 You may also make your own questionnaire. A self-made questionnaire has several parts:
1. Personal details of subject - depends on nature of analysis.
2. Introductory paragraph
a. greeting
b. introduction,
c. request for compliance,
d. purpose for survey.
3. Questions
4. Thank you note.
How do we formulate questions for our Questionnaire?
The following are guidelines on how to formulate questions for your research questionnaire:
1. Ask easy to answer questions first.
2. Ask information needed for subsequent questions first.
3. Place questions in logical order.
4. Avoid establishing a response set - tendency to reply in a certain way.
5. Vary questions by length and type.
6. Put sensitive and open-ended questions last.
These are the things that should be avoided in constructing questions:
1. Double-barreled questions, two answers to one question.
2. Ambiguous questions.
3. Leading questions
4. Sensitive or threatening response categories
The questionnaire that you constructed should undergo pilot testing.
How do we Test the Questionnaire?
 It is done by administering the questionnaire to a small selected group of respondents - people
who are the subject of your research.

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 After the survey questionnaires were administered, it has now to undergo error analysis.
 With the use of an appropriate formula designed for error analysis, It aims to find out the
difficulty level of each question.
 In addition to that, the questionnaire also must undergo face and content validity (format and
readability) to be done by an expert in the field.
 It also must be tested in terms of reliability - the answers will still be the same even if a taker
answers it several times.
How do we administer the questionnaire?
 It is suggested that the administrator should be present during the time when the respondents
answer the questionnaire.
 This is to allow for immediate feedback should there be clarifications on the part of the
respondents.
 In identifying who will answer your questionnaire, choose the respondents who ide substantial
information pertinent to your paper.
How do we Summarize the results?
 For closed questionnaire you will tally the responses of the respondents.
 If you used an open-ended questionnaire, you need to get only the responses of the
respondents pertinent to your paper.
 You must incorporate these responses into your paper using summarizing, paraphrasing, or
quoting.
NOTE: Once you’re finished with your survey, you may now write the survey report.
What is a Survey Report?
 A survey report is an objective and systematic written representation of the goals and findings
of a survey.

How do we write a Survey Report?


 The survey report usually has the following sections:
1. Introduction. Introduce your survey report by presenting the reason for conducting
your survey and your objectives.
2. Procedures. This section reports the procedures involved in the survey. Include
details such as:
 Description of the respondents
 Description of the survey instrument
 The implementation of the survey

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3. Results. The results section should present the answers to the survey questions in
paragraph form, through highlights of the results, and in graphical form, through tables
or other graphics.
4. Conclusions and Recommendations.
 Recap the key findings of the survey.
 Present generalizations regarding the responses
 Recommendations, on the other hand, presents suggested research topics or
actions.
5. Appendix. Include in the appendix the "extras" that you don't need in the body, but are
related to the study, for example: interview transcripts, photographs, and observation
forms used (if any).
6. References. The References section presents the complete bibliographic information
of all the sources cited in the paper. Consult your teacher on the documentation
system (for exam APA) that is going to be used.

Writing a Field Report


What is a Field Report?
 Field reports are objective and systematic written representations of the goals and findings of a
field observation.
 It carefully documents and interprets a researcher's observations of behaviors usually in
relation to a theory, to confirm or disprove it, or to draw conclusions, or reflections from the
observer.
 Participants' behaviors are carefully recorded, described, and classified to show patterns
and/or unique instances.
How do we write a Field Report?
 The field report usually has the following sections:
1. Introduction. The goal of the introduction is to orient your reader about the
observation you did or the work you performed. Introduce your field report by
presenting the following:
 The goal of the report
 Summary of the relevant theory (for observations)
 Overview of the field experience or observation
2. Description. The Description section should provide the details of what you have
observed or experienced. Details of your observation may include the following:
 Scope: At what kind of site was your observation done? When and for how
long was observation conducted?
 Subjects: How would you describe your participants in terms of age, gender
or sex, range and other relevant demographic details?
 Observations: What was your impression of the participants as a whole?
What kind of behaviors were shown (or not shown) and by whom?

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 Details of your field experience can talk about answers to these questions: (1)
What kind of work did you do? (2) What lessons did you learn from these?
3. Interpretation and Analysis. This section explains what you have seen from the
perspective of the theory presented.
4. Conclusions and Recommendations. This section summarizes the findings of the
paper and presents recommendations, including problems encountered and limitations
of the observation.
5. Appendix. Include in the appendix the "extras" that you don't need in the body, but are
related to the study, for example: interview transcripts, photographs, and observation
forms used (if any).
6. References. The References section presents the complete bibliographic information
of all the sources cited in the paper. Consult your teacher on the documentation
system (for exam APA) that is going to be used.

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