Title: AI based Smart Helmet for Ensuring Safety in

Industries.

Abstarct — Industrial safety is one of the main aspects of industry. Working environment hazards
include suffocation, gas poisoning and gas explosion. Hence air quality and hazardous event
detection is very important factor in industry. In order to achieve those safety measures, the
proposed system provides a wireless sensor network for monitoring real time situation of working
environment from monitoring station. It provides real time monitoring of harmful gases like CO,
CH4, LPG, temperature and humidity. To overcome these hazardous situations, this system
provides emergency alert to the monitoring station. Some workers are not aware of safety and they
did not wear helmet properly. For this purpose, a limit switch was used to successfully determine
whether the workers had worn their helmet properly or not. We also add automatic flash light in
this helmet so lights will automatically turn on when there is not enough light. The system uses
Wi-Fi technology for transmission of data from working environment to the monitoring station.
There is an alert switch at working environment for emergency purpose.

Keywords: IoT, Arduino, Wi-Fi Technology, Sensors

Introduction
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital
machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifier and the ability to
transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction. The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network
infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into
computer-based systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit in
addition to reduced human intervention. IoT has evolved from the convergence of wireless
technologies, microelectromechanical systems(MEMS), microservices and the internet. The
convergence has helped tear down the silo walls between operational technology and information
technology, allowing unstructured machine-generated data to be analyzed for insights that will
drive improvements [2]. In earlier days, LED helmets were deployed in Industries to inform the
workers about the hazardous events. Later sensors were deployed to detect the events and the alert
can be sent to the remote monitoring unit to avoid losses. several wireless sensor networks has
been used to detect and transfer data. The most commonly used technology for wireless transfer is
Wi-Fi. One of the main disadvantage in using Wi-Fi as a medium of transfer is the coverage area.
The coverage area of Wi-Fi is usually 10– 100 meters line-of-sight, depending on power output
and environmental characteristics. Wi-Fi devices can transmit data over long distances by passing
data through a Extenders devices to reach more distant ones [3]. The proposed system uses
Bluetooth technology to transfer data from the working environment to the remote monitoring unit.
The merit in using Bluetooth as a medium of transfer is that it covers wider area and it is the latest
modern technology that has been emerging worldwide for transferring data. In this system the
transferred data is collected ,stored and analyzed using hybrid Web application. Hybrid Web is
one of the recently developed to work on different type of devices for analyzing data transferred
by wireless sensor networks.

Literature Survey
Yongping Wu and Guo Feng implemented helmets that uses the Bluetooth wireless transmission
system for the monitoring the working environment. As a standard of unified global short-range
wireless communication, Bluetooth technology is to establish a common low power, low-cost
wireless air interface and controlling software opening system . At the same time, the system uses
CAN bus technology maturely, has realized the combination of wired and wireless data
transmission system. The main difficulty of this system is that the Bluetooth is short distance
wireless technology and use of cabling is difficult. When a natural calamity occurs, the cabling
will gets damaged. So the reliability and long life of conventional communication system is poor.
Jingjiang Song, Yingli Zhu proposed automatic monitoring system for industrial safety based on
wireless sensor network. The sensor groups of the system intensively monitor temperature,
humidity in the working area. The parameters measured are sent to wireless communication
module by the micro- controller. The collected information is sent to long-distance monitoring
center by cable. So the reliability and long life of conventional communication system is poor. The
another problem is that the working condition of industries is very noisy and if the distance of the
workers and system is long, workers will not get proper message. Pranjal Hazarika presents
implementation of safety helmet for workers. This helmet is equipped with methane and carbon
monoxide gas sensor. This sensor sense the gas and the data is transmitted to the control room
wirelessly, through a wireless module called Zigbee connected with the helmet. This system does
not working conditions of the workers and whether the workers wear the helmet or not. The main
difficulty of the system is the usage of ZigBee technology. ZigBee technology has small area
coverage and hence transferring to the monitoring agent is difficult to transfer data from the
working area long distance monitoring unit [1].
IEEE Papers

Sr. Paper / Publication Author Year

No.
1. Smart Helmet Using RF and WSN Shabina S. 2014
Technology for Underground Mines
Safety.
2. Implementation of smart safety helmet for Pranjal Hazarika 2016
coal mine workers.
3. Smart helmets for automatic control of Muthiah M ; Aswin Natesh V ; 2015
headlamps. Sathiendran R K
4. Development and Application of the Smart Mingi Jeong ; Hyesun Lee ; 2018
Helmet for Disaster and Safety. Myungnam Bae ; Dong-Beom
Shin ; Sun-Hwa Lim ; Kang Bok
Lee
5. IOT based Smart Helmet System with Manish Uniyal ; Himanshu Rawat 2018
Data Log System. ; Manu Srivastava ; Vivek Kumar
Srivastava
6. Analysis of Smart helmets and Designing Divyasudha N ; Arulmozhivarman 2019
an IoT based smart helmet: A cost P ; Rajkumar E. R.
effective solution for Riders.
7. Real Time Monitoring & Analyzation Of Akshunya Mishra ; Saksham 2018
Hazardous Parameters In Underground Malhotra ; Ruchira ; Pallavi
Coal Mines Using Intelligent Helmet choudekar ; H.P. Singh
System.
8. IoT Based Safety and Health Monitoring K. M. Mehata ; S. K. Shankar ; 2019
for Construction Workers. Karthikeyan N ; Nandhinee K ;
Robin Hedwig P

Problem Definition
To develop an AI based smart protective helmet for mine workers to make it more safer using
machine to machine protocol.

Purpose
The purpose of this system is to improvement of a mining helmet in order to ensure more safety
awareness between miners. When working. Additionally, modify an existing mining safety helmet
to make the helmet even safer by adding a wireless sensor node network.
Goals and Objectives
The Goals and Objectives of the given system are as follows:

 To modify an existing mining safety helmet to make the helmet even safer.
 To sense the air quality, light intensity and other environmental parameters.
 To generates and delivers an automated alert to authorized personnel, when any accident
occurs.
 To develop a system that assure extra safety alertness among mine workers

Features
 Sense environmental parameters
 Fully wireless
 Monitor heartbeats
 Automatic torch

Software Required
• Programming language – C / Python
• Tool – PyCharm, Arduino IDE
• Protocol - MQTT
• Cloud – Amazon AWS / Google Firebase
• Web – HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap

Hardware Required
• Controller – ESP8266
• Sensor – LDR, MQ135(Air Quality), MQ4(Natural gas, Methane), MQ6(LPG),
MQ9(CO)
• Power Supply (12V DC)
• Other – LEDs, Buzzer, Battery

Area of Project
IOT, M2M
Algorithm Used
SVM (Support vector machine)

Advantages
 Transmission is successful at distances more than double.
 The critical levels of hazardous gases such as CO, CH4, H2S in mine industry has been
indicated through alerting unit.
 The System detect light intensity and turn on and off torch.

Limitations
 Needs to replace or charge battery.
 Bit costly and regular safety helmet.

Proposed Architecture

Cloud

Light Sensor
Application

LPG Sensor
ESP8266
Microcontroller
Air Quality Sensor siren

Heartbeat Sensor Light

Fig – Proposed Architecture

Conclusion

The proposed system will show quick response to the hazardous parameters variation. We can
conclude that this system will greatly help in reducing future casualties caused by sudden changes
in these parameters and help make the work safer. The compact and efficient design ensures the
practical implementation of the system. However, depending on the environment of various mines,
it can be changed according to the requirements using easy software editing.

References
1. Real Time Monitoring & Analyzation Of Hazardous Parameters In Underground Coal Mines Using Intelligent Helmet
System. Fuguo Peng ; Jing Zhai ,2017 2nd International Conference on Image, Vision and Computing (ICIVC) Year:
2017 | Conference Paper | Publisher: IEEE
2. Smart Helmet Using RF and WSN Technology for Underground Mines Safety Shabina S. 2014 International Conference
on Intelligent Computing Applications Year: 2014 | Conference Paper | Publisher: IEEE
3. https://www.slideshare.net/venkatesh_kaduru/zigbee-based-intelligent-helemet-for-coal-miners-ppt?next_slideshow=1
4. https://www.slideshare.net/marknb00/mobile-ar-lecture-7-introduction-to-vuforia?qid=1f8e0379-3fdf-44ee-943d-
d19a4ddc4bae&v=&b=&from_search=4
5. https://www.asme.org/topics-resources/content/engineering-safety-with-smart-helmets