On Drive Charging system (ODC) for Electric

Vehicles
Sahil N. Badgewar
Sandip University, School of Engineering and Technology,

M ahiravani, Nasik 422213, India

sahilnbadgewar@ gmail.com

Abstract: Electric vehicles have many advantages over IC engines but also have drawbacks at the same time which
includes the shorter range and long charging time. This paper deals with the idea to overcome some of the drawbacks in
the electric vehicles. The range is increased by coupling the double shaft motor with an alternator at one end which will
regenerate the power and sent it to the battery when required while the other end is connected to the transmission. This will
increase the range of electric vehicles drastically and reduce the need for charging.

Keywords: Double shaft motor, electric vehicle, regenerate, Alternator.

1. Introduction:
ODC is all about increasing the EV’s reliability and
to give it a longer range. With the help of this system
the car will be able to charge itself on the way while
driving. ODC consists of double shaft AC motor, an
alternator and power management unit. They all
coordinate together with the Electronic Control Unit
(ECU) to increase the range of an electric vehicle.
EV’s are fit for traveling at a shorter range only as it
contains single battery.[1] Also there is lac of
charging stations available in the world. This is the
major drawback which can be solved by installing
On Drive Charging system (ODC) to the electric
vehicles.[2]

2. Literature Survey:
By considering all the past and current technologies,
there has been many developments done in the EV’s
and increase its efficiency. Different types of motors
has been used, new advanced battery packs has been
used, fast superchargers has been developed but it is
not solving the major problems. This created the
need of developing a technology that can solve the
problem at major scale and ODC was developed. [3]

3. Methodology
The major components of the ODC includes:

 2 Battery packs
 Power Control Unit(PCU)
 Electronic Control Unit
 3 Phase PWM invertor
 Double shaft AC motor
 Alternator Figure No. 01 Block diagram of ODC
 3.1 Working:

Initially both the batteries are fully charged. Motor Sr. No. of Capacity Capacity
is powered by one battery at a time with the help of no. cycles
of of
PCU. When one battery is about to get discharged, battery battery
ODC mode is switched on now. PCU switches to
no. no.
another battery to power the motor. The shaft of
1(KWh) 2(KWh)
alternator gets engaged with one end of the motor.
01. 1 50 50
Thus the alternator starts to recharge the drained
battery while the motor runs on another battery. 02. 2 41.4 32
Thus one battery gets recharged while the other one
is used and vice versa. The vehicles can undergo 03. 3 25.6 20.48
many cycles of ODC till the battery levels are low
04. 4 16.38 13.10
for both the batteries considering the losses taking
place. This will increase the range of the vehicle 05. 5 10.48 8.38
drastically and thus very efficient. [4]
Table no. 1
4. Calculations:

As, 1KWh= 4km, [4]

Calculations are for the vehicle at average running Considering the capacity of
conditions of 50 MPH (80 Kmph) [5]
battery at different cycles from the
i. For battery, above table, we can calculate the
350V, 142.5 Ah range at different cycles as follows
Therefore rating of the battery is given
by
350 x 142.5 = 50 KWh
So, we have used 2 batteries of Sr. No. of Range Range
no. cycles
50KWh of of
battery battery
1(km) 2(km)
ii. For Motor, 01. 1 200 200
3 phase AC motor
02. 2 165 128
Power = 200HP @ 4500 rpm
Torque= 315 Nm @ 4500 rpm 03. 3 102 82

iii. For Alternator, 04. 4 65 52

At 50 MPH,
05. 5 41 33
230V, 180 Ah
Power output of alternator is
Table no. 2
230 x 180= 41.4 KW
Thus, the total range of the vehicle is
1068km/full charge

5. Results: 6. Conclusion:
Considering the weight of the alternator acting on
Thus, with the increasing demand of EV’s in the
motor to be 4.6 kg. Considering transmission,
market there needs to be a technology to support and
frictional, heat and all the other losses, the motor
increase their reliability. ODC is a very efficient way
gives the efficiency of 86% and the alternator giving
to increase their range and overcome its drawbacks.
an efficiency of 80%.[6]
ODC successfully helps the EV’s in increasing its
range and making them market ready. It also
successfully helps minimize the power consumption
thus saving energy. ODC is a step towards
sustainable future.
 7. References:
1. ANDREW SIMPSON. Cost-Benefit Analysis of
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Technology. 22nd
International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric
Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS-22)
Yokohama, Japan October 23- 28, 2006.
2. Graham, R. et al. "Comparing the Benefits and
Impacts of Hybrid Electric Vehicle Options."
Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), 2001.
3. Rosenkrantz, K. "Deep-Cycle Batteries for Plug-
In Hybrid Application." EVS20 Plug-In Hybrid
Vehicle Workshop, Long Beach, 2003.
4. Guarnieri, M. (2012). Looking back to electric
cars. Proc. HISTELCON 2012 – 3rd Region-8 IEEE
History of Electro - Technology Conference: The
Origins of Electrotechnologies. pp. 1–6.
5. Bellis, M. (2006), "The Early Years", The
History of Electric Vehicles, About.com, retrieved 6
July 2006.
6. Quiroga, Tony (August 2009). Driving the
Future. Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S., Inc. p. 52.