ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

ASSESSMENT

SUBMITTED BY: ANKIT KUMAR SUBMITTED TO:

ROLL NO:1604730010
BRANCH :MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
SEMESTER:6TH
INTRODUCTION OF EIA ...
• ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSSMENT OR EIA CAN BE DEFINED AS THE STUDY
TO PREDICT THE EFFECT OF A PROPOSED ACTIVITY/PROJECT ON THE
ENVIRONMENT.
 WHAT IS EIA???
• A DECISION MAKING TOOL,EIA COMPARES VARIOUS ALTERNATIVES FOR A
PROJECT AND SEEKS TO IDENTIFY THE ONE WHICH REPRESENTS THE BEST
COMBINATION OF ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS AND BENIFITS .
 WHAT DOES EIA WORK??
• EIA SYSTEMATICALLY EXAMINE BOTH BENEFICIAL AND ADVERSE
CONSEQUENCES OF PROJECT AND ENSURE THAT THEIR EFFECT ARE TAKEN
INTO ACCOUNT DURING PROJECT DESIGN.
• IT HELPS TO IDENTIFY POSSIBLE ENVIRONMENT EFFECT OF THE PROPOSED
PROJECT , PROPOSES MEASURE TO MITIGATE ADVERSE EFFECTS AND PREDICT.
• WHETHER THERE WILL BE SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS ,EVEN
AFTER THE MITIGATION IS IMPLEMENTED.
• BY CONSIDERING THE ENVIRONMENT EFFECT OF THE PROJECT AND THEIR
MITIGATHION EARLY IN THE PROJECT PLANNING CYCLE . ENVIRONMENT
ASSESSMENT HAS MANY BENIFITS , SUCH AS PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT,
OPTIMUM UTILISATION OF RESOURCES AND SAVING OF TIME AND COST OF
THE PROJECT.
 THE EIA PROCESSES
• THE STAGES OF AN EIA PROCESSES WILL DEPENDS UPON THE REQUIREMENT OF THE
COUNTRY AND DONOR.
• PROCESSES ARE ÷
• SCREENING
• SCOPING
• IMPACT ANALYSIS
• MITIGATION
• REPORTING
• REVIEW OF EIA
• DECISION MAKING
• POST MONITORING
DEFINES ALL PROCESSES IN EIA
• SCREENING ÷ FIRST STAGE OF EIA , WHICH DETERMINES WHETHER THE
PROPOSED PROJECT , REQUIRES AN EIA AND IF IT DOES ,THEN THE LEVEL OF
ASSESAMENT REQUIRED.
• SCOPING ÷ THE STAGE IDENTIFIES THE KEY ISSUES AND IMPACT THAT SHOULD
BE FURTHER INVESTIGATED . THIS STAGE ALSO DEFINES THE BOUNDARY AND
TIME LIMIT OF THE STUDY.
• IMPACT ANALYSIS ÷ THIS STAGES OF EIA IDENTIFIES AND PREDICT THE LIKELY
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT AND
EVALUATE THE SIGNIFICANCE..
• MITIGATION ÷ THE STEP IN EIA RECOMMENDS THE ACTION TO REDUCE AND AVOID THE
POTENTIAL ADVERSE ENVIROMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.
• REPORTING ÷ THIS STAGE PRESENTS THE RESULT OF EIA IN A FORM OF A REPORT TO THE
DECISION MAKING BODY AND OTHER INTERSTED PARTIES .
• REVIEW OF EIA ÷ IT EXAMINES THE ADEQUANCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF THE EIA
REPORT AND PROVIDES THE INFORMATION NECESSARY FOR DECISION MAKING.
• DECISION MAKING ÷ IT DECIDES WHETHER THE PROJECT IS REJECTED , APPROVED OR
NEEDS FURTHER CHANGE .
• POST MONITORING ÷ THIS STAGE COMES INTO PLAY ONCE THE PROJECT IS
COMMISSIONED. IT CHECKS TO ENSURE THAT THE IMPACT OF THE PROJECT DO NOT
EXCEED THE LEGAL STANDARD AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MITIGATION MEASURE
ARE IN THE MANNER AS DESCRIBED IN THE EIA REPORT.
 EIA HISTORY IN INDIA
• A BEGINNING IN THIS DIRECTION WAS MADE IN OUR
COUNTRY WITH THE IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF RIVER VALLEY
PROJECT IN 1978-1979 AND THE SCOPE HAS SUBSEQUENTLY
BEEN ENHANCED TO COVER OTHER DEVELOPMENT SECTORS
SUCH AS INDUSTRIES , THRMAL POWER PROJECT , MINING
SCHEMES ETC.
• EIA HAS BEEN MADE MANDATORY UNDER THE
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT 198Y FOR 29 CATEGORIES
OF DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES INVOLVING INVESTMENT OF
RS. 50 CRORES AND ABOVE.
• SINCE THEN THERE HAVE BEEN 12 AMENDMENTS MADE IN
THE EIA NOTIFICATION OF 1994
• RECENTLY NOTIFIED NEW EIA LAGILATION IN SEPT. 2006 .THE
NOTIFICATION MAKES IT MANDATORY FOR VARIOUS PROJECTS SUCH AS
RIVER VALLEY , MINING , THERMAL POWER PLANT AND INDUSTRIES
INCLUDING VERY SMALL ELECTRO PLATING OR FOUNDRY UNITS TO GET
ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE .
• HOWEVER UNLIKE THE EIA NOTIFICATION OF 1994, THE NEW LEGILATION
HAS PUT THE ONUS OF CLEARANCE PROJECT ON THE STATE GOVERNMENT
DEPENDING ON THE SIZE/ CAPACITY OF THE PROJECT.
• CERTAIN ACTIVITIES PERMISSIBLE UNDER THE COASTAL REGULATION ZONE
ACT 1991 ALSO REQUIRE SIMILAR CLEARANCE
• ADDITIONALLY ;DONOR AGENCIES OPERATING IN INDIA LIKE WORLD
BANK AND ADB HAVE A DIFFERENT SER OF REQUIREMENTS FORGIVING
ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE TO PROJECTS THAT ARE FOUNDED BY THEM
EIA IN INDIA
• THE MOEF (MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FOREST ) IS THE AGENCY FOR
ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCE . IT NECESSARY , IT MAY CONSULT A COMMITTE OF
EXPECTS WITH A COMPOSITION SPECIFIED IN SCHEDULE OF NOTIFICATION.
• THE MAIN LAWS IN INDIA:
• WATER ACT (1979)
• INDIAN WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT (1972)
• AIR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION ACT (1981)
• ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION (1981)
ENVIRONMENT APPRAISAL COMMITTES IN INDIA
• WITH A VIEW ENSURE MULTI-DISCIPLINARY INPUT REQUIRED FOR ENVIRONMENT
APPRAISAL OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS , EXPERT COMMITTEES HAVE BEEN
CONSTRUCTED FOR THE FOLLOWING SECTORS :

• MINING PROJECTS
• INDUSTRIAL PROJECTS
• THERMAL POWER PROJECTS
• RIVER VALLEY , MULTIPURPOSE , IRRIGATION AND H.E PROJECT
• INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND MISCELLANEOUS PROJECT
• NUCLEAR POWER PROJECT
 BENEFITS OF CONDUCTING EIA
• FACILITATES INFORMED DECISION MAKING BY PROVIDING CLEAR , WELL
STRUCTURED DISPASSIONATE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT AND CONSEQUENCES
OF PROPOSED PROJECT.
• PRE – EMPTION OR EARLY WITHDRAWL OF UNSOUND PROPOSALS.
• ASSISTS IN THE SELECTION OF ALTERNATIVES , INCLUDING THE SELECTION OF
THE BEST PRACTICABLE AND MOST ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY OPTION.
• RESULT IN BEST PRACTICE PREDICTION AND MITIGATION OF ADVERSE EFFECT
OF PROJECTS.
 REFRENCE .....
• YOU TUBE
• GOOGLE
 CONCLUSION.....
• ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT IS VERY BENEFICIAL STEP TO CHECK
WHETHER THE PROJECT IS ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY OR NOT.

• SINCE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IS RESULT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN

NATURAL RESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTED BY DESIGNED FOR
PEOPLE ,SO ALL HUMAN ACTIVITY SHOULD BE ECONOMIC SOCIAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY